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AFFECTING  Wmt—m—mmm—mmm 

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The  Tenement  House  Act 
The  Building  Code 
The  Sanitary  Code 


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BUILDING 


AND 


HEALTH 
LAWS  and  REGULATIONS 


AFFECTING 


THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK 


The  Tenement  House  Law. 

The  Building  Code, 

The  Sanitary  Code, 

Department  Rules  and  Regulations, 
Statute  and  Rules  Regulating  Plumbing, 
Garage  and  Blasting  Regulations. 
Lodging  House  Regulations 


OFFICE  OF  PUBLICATION: 


E XGLE  BUILDING,  BROOKLYN,  NEW  YORK. 


n-Nfw  York  Po,f  Of.  econd-class  matter.  Vol.  XXVf  No  2 of 

...  I.  >riry,  Serial  No.  121  • 1911.  Trademark  “Cagle  Library," 

■ I tered.  Yearly  aubscrlpi  SI  . ».  Almanac  Number,  Joe.  . 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


r 


USE  RADER’S 
FIBROUS  PLASTER  BOARD 


IN  PLACE  OF  LATH  (Patented) 


Plaster 

Boards 

Plaster 

Blocks 


Wall 

Coping 

Metal 

Lath 


Approved  by  the  Municipal  Departments  of  Greater  New  York 


KING’S  WINDSOR  CEMENT 


STANDARD 

PORTLAND 

CEMENTS 


WE  DELIVER 
ANYWHERE  IN  GREATER 
NEW  YORK 


\ I 1 ' 

mv~- 

QENERAL  CONTENTS 


THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW. 

PAGE 

Contents — The  Tenement  House  Law 7 

The  Tenement  House  Act 13 

Regulations  fir  the  Construction  of  New  Fire 

Escapes  25  ^ 

THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


Index  to  the  Building  Code 27 

The  Building  Code 23 

Rules  and  Regulations  for  Plumbing,  Drainage, 

Water  Supply  and  Ventilation  of  Buildings..  52  “ 

Regulations  of  the  Bureau  of  Buildings  for  the 
Testing  of  New  Materials  of  Construction...  56 

Regulations  Governing  Erection  Moving  Picture 

Halls  57 

Regulations  Governing  Construction  and  Opera- 
tion of  Elevators 58 

Regulations  Governing  Construction  of  hire 
Escapes  59 


THE  BUILDING  CODE— (Continued). 

TAM 

Regulations  Governing  the  Construction  and  Op- 
eration of  Mechanical  Amusement  Devices  and 

Esculators  

Regulations  Cioverning  the  Use  of  Concrete-Steel 

Construction  

Provisions  Contained  in  Permit  from  Bureau  of 
Highways  to  Place  Building  Materials  on 


Street  61 

Erection  of  Buildings  Encroaching  on  Streets...  61 

Regulating  Electric  Signs 62 

Statute  Relating  to  Plumbing  in  New  York  City.  62 

General  Statute  Relating  to  Plumbing  and  Drain- 
age   68 

THE  SANITARY  CODE. 

Index — The  Sanitary  Code 65 

The  Sanitary  Code 6# 

Lodging  House  Regulations 81 

GARAGE  AND  BLASTING  REGULATIONS. 

Garage  Regulations  8 3 

Rules  and  Regulations  of  the  Municipal  Explo- 
sives Commission  in  Regard  to  Blasting....  85 


(f=== ~~==^ 

The  Public  are  cordially  invited  to  call  and  in- 
spect Brooklyn’s  30  Acre  Chicken  Farm,  the 
Aurora  Leghorn  Farm,  2406  Flatbush  Ave. 

Come  and  see  for  yourself  this  model  establishment,  the 
system  and  manner  in  which  we  conduct  our  business. 
Chickens  laying  under  such  conditions  can  only  mean 
one  thing — the  finest  leghorn  eggs  that  can  be  procured. 

AURORA  LEGHORN  FARM, 

TELEPHONE  OrtO  FLATBUSH. 

2406  Flatbush  Ave.  R.  P.  ELLIS,  Prop. 

EGGS  DELIVERED  TO  RESIDENCES.  BABY  CHICKS  FOR  SALE. 

I — ■ - J 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


FRED’K  W.  STARR,  RUSSELL  T.  STARR, 
President.  Treasurer.  j.rmi 

WALTER  J.  THURBER,  Sec’y  and  M*r. 


BAY8IDE 
SasMPoorCo. 

(Incorporated) 

28th  St.  & Third  Ave., 

Telephone  698  South.  BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 

Manufacturers  and  Dealers  in 

Reliable  Mill  Work 

* Of  All  Descriptions. « 

We  Carry  in  Stock 

White  Pine  Sash,  White  Pine  Blinds, 
Cypress  Doors,  4 Panel  and  5x  P anel. 

Oak  and  Cypress  Front  and  Vestibule  Doors. 


ALSO 


McMillen  's 


Hax  Royal”  Veneered 

and  Birch  and 

Celebrated  66  PUsiX  | cl G£ll Oak  Doors. 


Oak,  Chestnut,  Birch  and  Cypress  Trim  and  Mouldings . 

Porch  Columns,  Rails  and  Balusters . 

Window  Frames.  Glass  cf  AH  Descriptions • 


S*  Always  Pleased  to  Estimate  from  Plans  and  Specifications  or  Builders’  Own  List*, 


L ‘fyi . 

Out 


r, 


'i 


tTVTVFRsrry  of  fl  | fvow  » nm>*wv 

PREFACE  AUG 8 8I9ie 


„ * * 4 * ^ - • ’ . C.  v. 

HE  provisions  regulating  building  and  health  in  New  York  City  come  from  a variety  of  sources,  and 
it  is  usually  necessary  to  consult  several  books  before  reaching  a conclusion  on  any  such  matter.  A 
master  plumber,  before  installing  any  plumbing  device  in  a building,  might  have  to  examine  the 
Building  Code,  the  Sanitary  Code  and  the  Tenement  House  Act,  only  to  find  that  the  particular 
thing  on  which  he  desired  information  was  covered  by  a section  of  the  plumbing  rules  of  the  Build- 
ing Department,  not  usually  accessible  except  on  application  there.  A builder  intending  to  blast  out 
any  foundations  would  learn  that  certain  Fire  Department  rules  must  be  strictly  complied  with,  as 
well  as  those  of  the  Building  Department.  It  is  for  this  reason  that  the  Eagle  Library  on  “Building 
and  Health  Laws”  was  compiled. 

The  different  enactments  are  based  on  the  Charter  in  the  first  • ' : T •vides  !'  r a tenement  house 

department,  a department  of  health  and  a bureau  of  buildings. 

The  provisions  regulating  tenement  houses,  which  include  apartment  or  Hat  houses,  are  contained  in  the 
Tenement  House  Law,  which  is  known  as  Chapter  61  of  the  Consolidated  Laws  of  New  York  State,  passed  in 
1909.  This  combines  and  codifies  all  former  laws.  The  execution  of  this  act  is  given  to  the  Tenement  House 
Department. 

The  Building  Code  was  the  subject  of  much  discussion  in  the  aldermanic  chambers  during  1909.  Finally  a 
new  Building  Code  was  drawn  up  by  the  committee,  but  was  vetoed  by  Mayor  McClellan.  The  present  code  is  a 
city  ordinance  adopted  by  the  Board  of  Aldermen  and  Council,  and  approved  by  the  Mayor,  in  1899,  pursuant  to 
Section  647  of  the  Charter  of  1897  and  continued  by  Section  407  of  the  present  Charter.  All  building  operations 
are  regulated  principally  by  this  code.  There  has  been  no  change  in  these  provisions  during  the  past  year,  owing 
to  the  prospect  of  a new  code,  except  minor  changes  included  in  the  codification  of  the  City  ordinances. 

The  more  detailed  health  regulations  of  the  city  are  contained  in  the  Sanitary  Code,  which  is  the  creation 
of  the  Board  of  Health  under  authority  given  by  Section  1172  of  the  Charter.  No  provisions  can  be  made  in 
this  code  inconsistent  with  the  Charter  itself.  This  edition  contains  the  new  amendments  regarding  the  sale  uf 
milk  and  cold  storage. 

These  principal  provisions,  with  other  matter  contained  in  this  book,  comprise  the  body  of  law  on  the  sub- 
jects in  question.  T he  Charter  provisions  have  been  omitted,  as  they  can  be  found  in  the  1909  edition  of  the  New 
York  City  Charter,  Eagle  Library  No.  1 19.  In  the  place  of  these  have  been  inserted  the  regulations  of  the  Bu- 
reau of  Buildings  for  testing  new  materials,  for  the  construction  of  outside  fire  escapes  and  in  regard  to  the  use  of 
concrete-steel  construction,  the  ordinances  relating  to  placing  building  materials  on  streets,  relating  to  bay  windows, 
stoops  and  steps  projecting  beyond  the  building  line,  and  the  new  ordinance  regarding  the  encroachment  of  build- 
ings on  streets;  the  general  statute  relating  to  plumbing  and  drainage,  the  garage  regulations  and  the  complete  rules 
and  regulations  of  the  Monirimi  Explosives  r onm**  ' -n  regard  to  Hasting. 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 

TEL,  3637-L  PROSPECT 


C.  H.  BRUNNER. 


* 


AND 

ft 


& 


jr  FLOORS 


£57 I MAI  ES  FURNISHED 


214  FLATBUSH  AVENUE 


BROOKLYN,  NEW  YORK 


THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW 


CONTENTS 


ARTICLE  I.  I 

DEFINITIONS. 

Article  1.  SUort  title;  definitions  (Sec- 
tion* 1,  2). 

I.  General  provisions  (Sections 

2-9). 

J.  Protection  from  Are  (Sections 

15-41). 

4.  Light  and  ventilation  (Sections 

50-79). 

5.  Sanitary  provisions  (Sections 

90-110). 

t.  Requirements  and  remedies 
Sections  120-128). 

T.  Registry  of  names  and  service 
of  papers  Sections  140- 
144). 

g.  Prostitution  la  tenement 
houses  (Sections  150-160). 

9.  Application;  laws  repealed:  j 
when  to  take  effect  (Sec-  ] 
Hons  170-172). 

ARTICLE  II. 

GENERAL  PROVISIONS. 

Section  3.  Buildings  converted  or  al- 
tered. 

4.  Alterations  and  change  in  oc- 

cupancy. 

5.  Application  to  certain  studio 

buildings 

4.  Application  to  Buffalo. 

7.  Tenement  house  fronting  on  a 

part  of  Riverside  drive  In 
New  York  City. 

8.  Building  regulations. 

9.  Penalties. 

10  Time  for  compliance. 


S3.  Stair  halls,  public  halls  and 
entrance  halls. 

34.  Alteration  of  wooden  tene- 
ment houses. 

36.  Shafts. 

37.  Plastering  behind  wainscot- 

ing. 

38.  Wooden  buildings  on  same  lol 

with  a tenement  house. 

39.  Combustible  materials. 

40.  Bakeries  and  fat  boiling. 

41.  Other  dangerous  businesses. 


ARTICLE  IV. 

LIGHT  AND  VENTILATION. 

Section  50.  Percentage  of  lot  occupied. 

51.  Height. 

52.  Yards. 

53.  Yards  of  interior  lots. 

54.  Yards  of  corner  lots. 

55.  Yard  spates  of  lots  running 
through  from  street  to 
street. 

56.  Courts. 

57.  Outer  courts. 

58.  Inner  courts. 

59.  Outer  and  Inner  courts. 

30.  Rear  tenements. 

61.  Buildings  on  same  lot  with 
tenement  houses. 

62.  Rooms,  lighting  and  ventila- 
tion of. 

63.  Windows  in  rooms. 

64.  RoomB.  size  of. 

65.  Alcoves  and  alcove  rooms. 

66.  Public  halls. 

67.  Windows  and  skylights  for 
public  halls,  size  of. 

68.  Windows  for  stair  halls,  size 

of. 


ARTICLE  III. 

PROTECTION  FROM  FIRE. 

Section  15.  Fireproof  tenement,  when  re- 
quired. 

ie.  Fire-escapes. 

17.  Bulkhead*. 

18.  Stair*  and  public  halls. 

1».  Stairway*  In  aon-flreproof 
bdlHoi* 

jo  Stairways  In  flrep.-MOf  build- j 
Inge. 

11.  Stairways  and  stairs 
22.  Stair  halls. 

33.  Entranc*  halls 

24.  First  tier  of  beams. 

25.  Partitions. 

26.  Cellar  stairs  In  noo-fireproof 

buildings 

27.  Cellar  stairs  In  flreproo' 

buildings. 

28.  Closet  under  first  story'  stairs 

29.  Cellar  entrance. 

SO  Kiri  atop*  ™ 

31.  Wooden  tenement  houses. 

43.  Scuttles,  bulkheads,  ladders 
and  stairs. 


63.  Privacy. 

70.  Percentage  of  lot  occupied. 

71.  Yards. 

72.  Additional  rooms  and  halls. 

73.  Rooms,  lighting  and  ventila- 

tion of. 

74.  Public  halls,  lighting  of. 

75.  Light  and  vent  shafts  In  ex- 

isting buildings. 

76.  Public  halls. 

77.  Skylights. 

78.  Chimneys  and  fireplaces. 

79.  Vent  shafts. 


\ ARTICLE  V. 

SANITARY  PROVISIONS. 

Section  90.  Basements  and  cellars. 

91.  Shafts,  courts,  areas  and  ! 

yards. 

92.  Water  supply. 

93.  Water  closet  accommoda- 

tions. 

94.  Plumbing. 

96.  Basements  and  cellars. 

96.  Janitor's  aparini*nis  In  cel- 

lars. 

97.  Water  closets. 


98.  Public  sinks. 

99.  Privy  vaults,  school  sinks  aa4 

water  closets. 

100.  Basements  and  cellars. 

101.  Cellar  walls  and  celling*. 

102.  Repairs. 

103.  Water  supply. 

104.  Cleanliness  of  building*. 

105.  Shafts  and  courts. 

106.  Walls  of  courts  and  shaft*. 

107.  Wall  paper. 

108.  Receptacles  for  ashes,  gap* 

bage  and  refuse. 

109.  Prohibited  uses. 

110.  Janitor  or  housekeeper. 

111.  Overcrowding. 


ARTICLE  VI. 


REQI  IRE.NE.VrS  AND  REMEDIES. 


Section  120. 

121. 

122. 

123! 

124. 

125. 


126. 

127. 

128. 


Permit  to  commence  build* 
ing. 

Certificate  of  compliance. 
Unlawful  occupation. 
Enforcement. 

Penalties  for  violations. 
Violation  of  building  law* 
ordinances  and  regulation*. 
Procedure. 

Liens. 

Lis  pendens. 


ARTICLE  VII. 

REGISTRY  OF  NAMES  AND  SEIIVICR 
OF  PAPERS. 

Section  140.  Registry  of  owner’s  name. 

141.  Registry  of  agent's  name. 

142.  Service  of  notices  and  o“- 

tiers. 

143.  Service  of  summons 

144.  Indexing  names. 


ARTICLE  VIII. 

PROSTITUTION  IN  TENEMENT 
HOUSES. 


Section  150. 

151. 

152. 

153. 

1 54. 
156. 
156. 

167. 

168. 

159. 

160. 


Vagrancy. 

Lien. 

Permission  of  lessee 
Perraleslon  of  owner. 

Rulet  of  evidence. 

Title  of  action  ai-d  partle*. 
Jurisdiction  and  procedure. 
Judgment. 

Sale  of  property. 
Receivership. 

Cancellation  of  notice  of  pen- 
dency of  action.  . 


ARTICLE  IX. 


VI'PI.K  VTIONi  LAWS  RKPRALED| 
WHEN  TO  TIKE  EFFECT. 


Section  170.  Application. 

171.  Ixiws  repealed. 

172.  When  to  tHke  effeot. 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


The  Piano  Industry 

As  Exemplified  by 
THE  HOUSE  OF  WISSNER 


The  Wissner  Piano  Factory— one  of  the  largest  in  the  country— is 
located  in  Brooklyn.  From  the  time  of  its  inception  the  Wissner  Piano 
has  been  a piano  of  the  highest  class.  It  has  been  on  the  maiket  o\er 
thirty-one  years. 

Brooklyn  being  the  center  of  many  prominent  musical  institutions,  and 
the  home  of  countless  artists  of  note,  the  Wissner  Piano  had  natural 
advantages  which  brought  it  to  the  front  in  less  than  half  the  time 
taken  by  other  pianos. 


Before  being  on  the  market  ten  years,  its  exclusive  features  were  rec- 
ognized by  artists  and  musicians  of  repute.  Upon  the  completion  ot 
the  WISSNER  ARTIST  UPRIGHT  GRAND  PIANO,  it  was  placed  be- 
fore a congress  of  world  famous  musicians. 


They  were  astounded.  They  came  to  criticise— they  left  converts  all. 
The  Brooklyn  Daily  Eagle,  under  date  of  September  2oth,  1909,  states. 

• * * “Some  years  ago  Mr.  Wissner  made  himself  famous  throughout  the 
world  and  caused  the  wonderment  of  musicians  by  introducing  a grand  piano  In 
upright  form,  upon  which  he  had  been  working  many  years.  A grand  piano  “ 
principle  of  construction  and  tone,  but  an  upright  in  torm  and  size, 
great  has  been  the  demand  for  these  instruments  in  recent  years  that  it  has  be- 
come necessary  to  remove  to  larger  quarters  several  times  ToJL&j  X*  is 

one  of  the  largest  and  most  important  piano  houses  in  the  L n.ted  states. 


Some  of  the  world’s  greatest  musicians  have  made  their  initial  tour  and  inc.dent- 
ally  their  reputation  with  a WISSNER  PIANO  as  an  accessory. 


WISSNER  WAREROOMS 

538-540  FULTON  STREET,  BROOKLYN 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


9 


Brooklyn  Branch  and 
Warehouse 

871  FLUSHING  AVENUE 
Brooklyn 

Telephone  3742  Williamsburg 

in  answering  this  advertisement,  please  mention  Eagle  Library 

Acme  Metal  V 

Ceiling  Co. 

Manufacturers,  Contractors,  Erectors 

Private  House  Work  Our  Specialty.  Also  Stores , Churches, 
Schools  and  All  Public  Buildings 

METAL  CEILINGS,  WALLS, 
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ARCHITECTURAL 

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871  Flushing  Avenue 

Near  Broadway 

L.  ROT  HB ART  BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 

Manager 


Main  Office  and  Warehouse 
Acme  Building 
2295  SECOND  AVENUE 
New  York 


BUILDING  'AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 




Telephone  616-J  Hamilton 

FRED  HASSLER 

ARCHITECTURAL 

IRON  WORKS 

Fire  Escapes 


Plain  and  Ornamental  Iron  Railings 

Area  Gates,  Window  Guards,  Gratings,  Iron  Stairs, 
Shutters,  Doors,  Columns,  Beams,  Bridle 
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2 and  4 Sullivan  Street 

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BROOKLYN,  N.  Y.  ■ 


Jobbing  and  Repairing  Promptly  AtV  ndod  To 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


11 


ANDREW  D.  BAIRD,  President 

ANDREW  R.  BAIRD.  Vice-Prea.  WILLIAM  W.  BAIRD,  Secy.  & Treat. 

Andrew  D.  Baird  & Sons, 

INCORPORATED. 

CUT  STONE 
CONTRACTORS 

Cor.  Wythe  Ave.  and  Keap  Street, 

BOROUGH  OF 

BROOKLYN,  N.  Y. 


Telephone  4700  Williamsburg 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


NOTICE  KEEP  THIS  for  Reference 
WE  DO  FIRST  GLASS  WORK  ONLY 

NOTICE  OUR  PRICES 

THE  BIJOU 

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Opp.  A.  D.  Matthews  Brooklyn,  N.Y. 

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Opp.  A.  D.  Matthews  158  Livingston  Street  Phone  5393  Main 


I'pwa  r4. 


4 


THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW 

INCLUDING  THE  1910  BULKHEAD  AMENDMENT. 


AX  ACT  IX  RELATION  TO  TENEMENT  HOUSES, 
CONSTITUTING  CHAPTER  61  OF  THE  CONSOLIDATED  LAWS. 


Article  1.  Short  title:  definitions  (Sec- 
tions 1,  2). 

1.  General  provisions  (Sections 

8 — *9). 

3.  Protection  from  fire  (Sections 

15—41). 

4.  Light  and  ventilation  (Sections 

50—79). 

5.  Sanitary  provisions  (Sections 

90 — *110). 

6.  Requirements  and  remedies 

(Sections  120—128). 

7.  Registry  of  names  and  service 

of  papers  (Sections  140 — 

144). 

S.  Prostitution  In  tenement 
houses  (Sections  150—160). 

9.  Application;  laws  repealed; 

when  to  take  effect  (Sec- 
tions 170-172). 

ARTICLE  I. 

HHORT  TITliEi  DEFINITIONS. 
Section  1.  Short  title. 

2.  Definitions. 

Short  title. 

Section  1.  This  chapter  shall  be  known 
•s  the  “Tenement  House  Law." 

Definitions. 

Section  2.  Certain  words  In  this  chap- 
ter are  defined  for  the  purposes  thereof 

as  follows; 

(1.)  A “tenement  house”  Is  any  house 
®r  building,  or  portion  thereof,  which  Is 
rented,  leased,  let  or  hired  out,  to  be  oc- 
cupied. or  Is  occupied  as  the  home  or 
residence  of  three  families  or  more  liv- 
ing independently  of  each  other,  and  do- 
ing their  coking  upon  the  premises,  or 
by  more  than  two  families  upon  any 
floor,  so  living  and  cooking,  but  having  a 
common  right  In  the  halls,  stairways, 
yards,  water-closets  or  privies,  or  soma 
of  them. 

(2.)  A "yard”  Is  an  open  unoccupied 

• pace  on  the  same  lot  with  n tenement 
house,  between  the  extreme  rear  line  of 
the  house  and  the  rear  line  of  tho  lot. 

(2.)  A “court”  Is  an  opon  unoccupied 
space,  other  than  a yard,  on  tbo  same 
lot  wltfe  a tenement  house.  A court  not 
extending  to  the  street  or  yard  Is  an  In- 
ner court.  A court  extending  to  the  street 
or  yard  Is  an  outer  court.  If  It  extends 
to  the  street  It  Is  a street  court.  If  It 
extends  to  the  yard  It  Is  a yard  court. 

(4.)  A "shaft”  Includes  exterior  and  in- 

•»o  In  original. 


terlor  shafts,  whether  for  air,  light,  ele- 
vator. dumbwaiter,  or  any  other  purpose. 
A “vent  shaft”  is  one  used  solely  to  ven- 
tilate or  light  a water-closet  compart- 
ment or  bathroom. 

(5.)  A "public  hall”  Is  a hall,  corridor 
or  passageway  not  within  an  apartment. 

(6.)  A "stair  hall”  includes  the  stairs, 
stair  landings  and  those  portions  of  the 
public  halls  through  which  it  is  neces- 
sary to  pass  in  going  between  the  en- 
trance floor  and  the  roof. 

(7.)  A "basement”  Is  a story  partly  but 
not  more  than  one-half  below  the  level 
of  the  curb, 

(S.)  A "cellar”  Is  a story  more  than 
one-half  below  the  level  of  the  curb. 

(9.)  A "fireproof  tenement  house”  Is 
one  the  walls  of  which  are  constructed 
of  brick,  stone,  Iron  or  other  hard  in- 
combustible material,  and  In  which  there 
are  no  wood  beams  or  lintels,  and  in 
which  the  floors,  roofs,  stair  halls  and 
publio  halls  are  built  of  brick,  Btone,  Iron 
or  other  hard  Incombustible  material,  and 
In  which  no  woodwork  or  other  Inflamma- 
ble material  Is  used  In  any  of  the  parti- 
tions, furrings  or  ceilings.  But  this 
definition  shall  not  he  construed  as  pro- 
hibiting, elsewhere  than  In  the  stair  halls 
or  entrance  halls,  the  use  of  wooden 
flooring  on  top  of  the  fireproof  floors 
or  the  use  of  wooden  sleepers,  nor 
as  prohibiting  wooden  handrails 
and  hard-wood  treadB  such  as  de 
scribed  In  Section  Twenty-two  of  this 
chapter. 

(10.)  The  word  “shall”  Is  always  man- 
datory, and  not  directory,  and  denotes 
that  the  bouse  shall  be  maintained  In  all 
respects  according  to  the  mandate,  as 
long  as  It  continues  to  be  a tenement 
house. 

(11.)  Wherever  the  words  "charter.” 
"ordinances,”  "regulations,”  "department 
of  buildings,"  "department  of  health,  “de- 
partment of  water  supply,”  "fire  depart- 
ment,” “department  charged  with  the  en- 
forcement of  this  chapter,”  "corporation 
counsel,”  "city  treasury”  or  “fire  limits” 
occur  In  this  chapter  they  shall  he  con- 
strued as  If  followed  by  the  words  “of 
the  city  In  which  the  tenement  house  Is 
situated.”  Wherever  tho  words  “Is  oc- 
cupied” are  used  In  this  chapter,  apply- 
ing to  any  building,  such  words  shall  ho 
construed  as  If  followed  by  the  words  "or 
Is  Intended,  arranged  or  designed  to  bo 
occupied.* 

(12.)  The  “height"  of  n tenement  house 
Is  tho  porpendlcular  distance  measured  In 
a straight  line  from  the  curb  level  to 
the  highest  point  of  the  roof  beams,  the 
measurements  In  all  cases  to  ho  taken 
through  the  center  of  tho  facade  of  tho 
house.  Where  a building  Is  on  a cor- 
ner lot  and  there  Is  more  than  one  grade 
or  level,  the  measurements  shall  bo  taken 
through  the  center  of  the  facado  on  tho 
strcul  having  tho  greatest  giadu,  _ 


ARTICLE  II. 

GENERAL  PROVISIONS. 

Section  3.  Buildings  converted  or  altered. 

4.  Alterations  and  change  in  oo- 

cupancy. 

5.  Application  to  certain  studio 

buildings. 

6.  Application  to  Buffalo. 

7.  Tenement  house  fronting  on  a 

part  of  Riverside  drive  In 
New  York  City. 

8.  Building  regulations. 

9.  Penalties. 

10.  Time  for  compliance. 

Buildings  converted  or  altered. 

Sec.  3.  A building  not  erected  "for  use 
as  a tenement  house,  if  hereafter  con- 
verted or  altered  to  such  use,  shall  there- 
upon become  subjet  to  all  the  provisions 
of  this  chapter  affecting  tenement  houses 
hereafter  erected.  A tenement  housa 
not  now  completed,  but  the  excavation  for 
which  shall  have  been  commenced  in  good 
faith  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  June, 
nineteen  hundred  and  one,  after  approval 
of  the  plans  therefor  by  the  department 
of  buildings,  and  the  first  tier  of  beams  of 
which  shall  have  been  set  on  or  before 
the  first  day  of  August,  nineteen  hundred 
and  one,  shall  he  subject  only  to  the  pro- 
visions of  this  chapter  affecting  now 
existing  tenement  houses;  provided 
that  the  plans  for  said  house 
were  filed  in  said  department  on 
or  before  the  tenth  day  of  April,  nine- 
teen hundred  and  one,  and  were  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  laws  in  force  at  the 
time  of  filing,  and  that  tho  building  is 
built  in  accordance  with  such  laws. 

Altcrntlona  nnd  ah  mi  go  In  occupancy 

See.  4.  No  tenement  house  shall  at  any 
time  bo  altered  so  as  to  ho  in  violation  of 
any  provision  of  this  chapter.  If  any 
tenement  house  or  any  part  thoreof  Is  oc- 
cupied by  more  families  than  provided  In 
this  chapter,  or  is  erected,  altered  or  oc- 
cupll  d c ontrary  to  law,  such  tenement 
house  shall  be  deomed  an  unlawful  struc- 
ture, and  the  department  charged  with 
tho  enforcement  of  tills  chapter  may 
cause  such  building  to  be  vacated.  And 
such  building  shall  not  again  be  occu- 
pied until  it  or  its  occupation,  ns  the 
case  may  be,  flag  bocn  made  to  conform 
to  tho  law. 

Appllcntion  io  certain  ntudlo  hull, I. 

Ing>, 

Sec,  6.  A studio  building  eroded  after 
May  1,  nineteen  hundred  and  one,  and 
prior  to  October  first,  nineteen  hundred 
and  live.  In  a city  of  tho  firat  class  upon 
a lot  nut  legs  than  seventy-five  feet  In 
width  by  one  hundred  feet  In  depth,  which 
building  contains  not  l<  m«  than  fourteen 
studios,  each  with  a window  not  less  ihuu 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


ten  feet  in  height  and  ten  feet  in  "width, 
such  studio  building  being  occupied  and 
used  by  three  families  or  more,  living  in- 
dependently of  each  other  and  doing  their 
cooking  on  the  premises,  shall  be  and 
hereby  is  declared  exempt  from  the  re- 
quirements and  provisions  of  sections  fif- 
ty-one, sixty-four,  sixty-six,  sixty-seven, 

• lxty-eight,  seventy-four,  seventy-nine, 
ninety,  subdivision  one;  ninety-three, 
ninety-five,  one  hundred  and  twenty  and 
and  hundred  and  twenty-one  of  this  chap- 
ter. 

Application  to  Buffalo. 

Sec.  6.  The  provisions  of  chapter  th;:e 
hundred  and  thirty-four  of  the  laws  of 
nineteen  hundred  and  one  shall  not  be 
deemed  to  have  applied  to  the  City  of 
’luffalo  before  January  first,  nineteen 
hundred  and  two. 

Tenement  houses  fronting  on  a part 

of  Riverside  drive  in  Sew  -ork 

City. 

Sec.  7.  In  the  case  of  a tenement  house 
hereafter  erected  on  Riverside  drive  or 
parkway,  between  One  Hundred  and  Thir- 
ty-sixth street  and  One  Hundred  and  Fif- 
tieth street,  in  The  City  of  New  York, 
on  a corner  lot  formed  by  the  intersec- 
tion of  a street  passing  under  said  drive 
or  parkway,  the  measurements  for  deter- 
mining the  height  of  said  house  and  the 
number  of  its  stories,  may  be  taken  on 
said  drive  or  parkway;  provided,  however, 
that  no  part  of  said  building  which  is 
below  the  curb  level  of  said  drive  or 
parkway  is  occupied  for  living  purposes, 
except  by  the  janitor  of  said  building  and 
has  family;  and  provided  also  that  there 
shall  not  be  more  than  one  story  below 
the  level  of  said  drive  or  parkway,  and 
that  said  story -shall  not  exceed  fifteen 
feet  in  height. 

Building  regulations. 

See,  8.  Except  as  herein  otherwise 
specified,  every  tenement  house  shall  be 
constructed  and  maintained  in  conformity 
with  the  existing  law.  but  no  ordinance, 
regulation  or  ruling  of  any  municipal  au- 
thority shall  modify  or  dispense  w::h  any 
provision  of  this  chapter. 

Penalties. 

Sec.  5.  All  penalties  collected  under  this 
chapter  shall  be  paid  into  the  city 
treasury. 

Time  for  compliance. 

Sec.  10.  All  alterations  required  by 
this  chapter  upon  tenement  houses 
erected  prior  to  April  twelfth,  nineteen 
hundred  and  one,  shall  be  made  within 
one  year  from  said  date,  or  at  such 
earlier  period  as  may  be  fixed  by  the 
departments  charged  with  the  enforce- 
ment of  this  chapter. 

w ARTICLE  III. 

PROTECTION  FROM  FIRE. 

Section  15.  Fireproof  tenement,  when  re- 
quired. 

IS.  Fire-escapes. 

17.  Bulkheads. 

18.  Stairs  and  public  halls. 

19.  Stairways  In  non-fireproof 

buildings. 

20.  Stairways  in  fireproof  build- 

ings. 

21.  Stairways  and  stairs. 

22.  Stair  halls. 

23.  Entrance  halls. 

24.  First  tier  of  beams. 

25.  Partitions. 

26.  Cellar  stairs  in  non-fireproof 

buildings. 

27.  Cellar  stairs  in  fireproof 

buildings. 

28.  Closet  under  first  story  stairs. 

29.  Cellar  entrance. 

30.  Fire  stops. 

31.  Wooden  tenement  houses. 

32.  Scuttles,  bulkheads,  ladders 

and  stairs. 

33.  Stair  halls,  public  halls  and 

entrance  halls. 


34.  Alteration  of  wooden  tene- 
ment houses. 

36.  Shafts. 

37.  Plastering  behind  wainscoting. 

38.  Wooden  buildings  on  same  lot 

with  a tenement  house. 

39.  Combustible  materials. 

40.  Bakeries  and  fat  boiling. 

41.  Other  dangerous  businesses. 

Fireproof  tenement,  when  required. 

Sec.  15.  Every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  exceeding  six  stories  or 
parts  of  stories  in  height  above  the  curb 
level,  shall  be  a fireproof  tenement  house, 
nor  shall  any  tenement  house  be  altered 
so  as  to  exceed  such  height  without  be- 
ing made  a fireproof  tenement  bouse.  A 
cellar  the  ceiling  of  which  does  not  ex- 
tend more  than  two  feet  above  the  curb 
level  is  not  a story  within  the  mean- 
ing of  this  section.  Where,  however,  a 
tenement  house  hereafter  erected  is  lo- 
cated on  a street  of  which  the  grade  is 
more  than  four  feet  in  one  hundred  feet, 
a cellar  or  basement,  the  ceiling  of  which 
does  not  extend  more  than  six  inches 
above  the  highest  point  of  the  curb  level, 
is  not  to  be  deemed  a story  within  the 
meaning  of  this  section,  provided,  how- 
ever, that  no  part  of  such  cellar  or  base- 
ment is  occupied  or  arranged  to  be  occu- 
pied for  living  purposes  except  by  the 
janitor  of  such  building  and  his  family, 
and  provided  also  that  such  cellar  or 
basement  is  the  lowest  story  of  such 
building. 

Fire-escapes. 

Sec.  16.  1.  Every  non-fireproof  tene- 

ment house  hereafter  erected,  unless 
provided  with  fireproof  outside  stairways 
directly  accessible  to  each  apartment, 
shall  have  fire-escapes  located  and  con- 
structed as  in  this  subdivision  required, 
except  that  tenement  houses  that  are 
less  than  four  stories  in  height  and 
which  also  do  not  contain  accommoda- 
tions for  more  than  four  families  in  all, 
may  be  equipped  with  such  other  iron, 
steel,  or  wire  cable  fire-escapes  as  may 
be  approved  by  the  department  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  chapter. 
Such  escapes  must  be  capable  of  sus- 
taining two  thousand  pounds,  and  be  of 
sufficient  length  to  reach  from  the  top 
floor  to  the  ground,  and  with  rungs  not 
more  than  twelve  inches  apart  and  not 
less  than  fifteen  inches  in  length. 

All  fire-escapes  shall  open  directly 
from  at  least  one  room  or  private  hall 
in  each  apartment  at  each  story  above 
the  ground  floor,  other  than  a bathroom 
or  water-closet  compartment,  and  shall 
not  include  the  window  of  a stair  hall, 
and  such  room  or  private  hall  shall  be 
an  integral  part  of  said  apartment  and 
accessible  to  every  room  thereof  without 
passing  through  a public  hall.  Access 
to  fire-escapes  shall  not  be  obstructed 
in  any  way.  No  fire-escape  shall  be 
placed  in  a court  except  where  required 
by  law  for  apartments  not  having  a 
room  either  on  the  street  or  yard  as 
provided  in  section  fifty-six  of  this 
chapter.  Fire-escapes  may  project  into 
the  public  highway  to  a distance  not 
greater  than  four  feet  beyond  the  build- 
ing line.  All  fire-escapes  shall  consist 
of  outside  open  iron  or  stone  balconies 
and  stairways.  All  balconies  shall  be  not 
less  than  three  feet  in  width  and  shall 
include  at  least  one  window  or  outside 
door  of  each  apartment,  at  each  story 
above  the  ground  floor.  All  stairways 
shall  be  placed  at  an  angle  of  not  more 
than  sixty  degrees,  with  flat  open  steps 
not  less  than  six  inches  In  width  and 
tw-enty  inches  in  length  and  with  a rise 
of  not  more  than;  tune  inches.  The  open- 
ings for  stairways  in  all  balconies  shall 
be  not  less  than  twenty-one  by  twenty- 
eight  inches,  and  shall  have  no  covers 
of  any  kind.  The  balcony  on  the  top 
floor,  except  in  the  case  of  a balcony 
on  the  street,  shall  be  provided  with  a 
stairs  or  with  a goose-neck  ladder  lead- 
ing from  said  balcony  to  and  above  the 
roof  and  properly  fastened  thereto. 
A drop  ladder  shall  be  provided  from  the 


lowest  balcony  of  sufficient  length  to 
reach  to  a safe  landing  place  beneath. 
All  fire-escapes  shall  be  constructed  and 
erected  to  safely  sustain  in  all  their 
parts  a safe  load,  and  if  of  iron  shall  re- 
ceive not  less  than  two  coats  of  good  paint, 
one  in  the  shop  and  one  after  erection. 
In  addition  to  the  foregoing  requirements, 
all  fire-escapes  hereafter  erected  upon 
tenement  houses  shall  be  constructed  in 
accordance  with  such  supplementary 
regulations  as  may  be  adopted  toy  the  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  this  chapter. 

2.  Every  non-fireproof  tenement  house 
shall  be  provided  either  with  fireproof 
outside  stairways,  of  with  fire-escapes 
directly  accessible  to  each  apartment 
without  passing  through  a public  hall- 
way. All  fire-escapes  hereafter  erected 
on  any  tenement  house  shall  be  located 
and  constructed  as  described  in  subdivi- 
sion one  of  this  section.  The  owner  of 
every  tenement  house  shall  keep  all  the 
fire-escapes  thereon  in  good  order  and 
repair,  and  whenever  rusty  shall  have 
them  properly  painted  with  two  coats  of 
good  paint.  No  person  shall  at  any  time 
place  any  incumbrance  of  any  kind  be- 
fore or  upon  any  such  fire-escape. 

Fire-escapes  oil  existing  houses. 

3.  In  the  case  of  tenement  houses 
erected  prior  to  April  tenth,  nineteen 
hundred  and  one,  fire-escapes  that  are 
already  erected  shall  be  deemed  suffi- 
cient in  the  following  cases; 

(1.)  If  located  on  the  front  or  rear  wall 
of  the  building  and  properly  connected 
with  stairs  or  stationary  ladders  with 
proper  openings. 

(2.)  If  located  in  an  outer  court  at  a 
point  distant  not  more  than  thirty  feet 
from  the  outer  end  of  such  court  and 
provided  such  court  is  not  less  than  five 
feet  in  width  from  wall  to  wall  at  any 
point  between  such  fire-escape  and  the 
outer  end  of  said  court. 

(3.)  If  located  in  an  Inner  court  whose 
least  horizontal  dimension  is  not  less 
then  fifteen  feet  measured  from  wall  to 
wall. 

. (4.)  ir  a party- wall  balcony  on  the  front 
or  rear  wall  of  the  building  and  there 
are  no  doors  or  openings  in  the  walls 
between  the  two  buildings  other  than 
windows  in  fireproof  air-shafts. 

(5.)  If  a party-wall  balcony  located  in  an 
outer  court  not  more  than  fifteen  feet 
in  length  measured  from  the  outer  end 
of  such  court  to  the  innermost  point 
thereof,  and  not  less  than  five  feet  in 
width  from  wall  to  wall  at  any  point 
between  such  fire-escape  and  the  outer 
end  of  said  court,  and  provided  also 
that  there  are  no  doors  or  openings  in 
the  walls  between  the  two  buildings 
ocher  than  windows  in  fireproof  air- 
shafts. 

(6.)  If  the  fire-escapes  are  located  on 
tenement  houses  that  are  less  than  four 
stories  in  height  and  which  also  do  not 
contain  accommodations  for  more  than 
four  families  in  all,  and  they  are  such 
iron  steel  or  wire-cable  fire-escapes  as 
are  provided  for  in  subdivision  one  ot 
this  section. 

But.  however,  no  fire-escape  shall  ne 
deemed  sufficient  unless  the  following 
conditions  are  complied  with: 

a.  All  parts  of  it  shall  be  of  iron  or 

stone.  . . 

b.  Every  apartment  above  the  ground 
floor  in  each  tenement  house  shall  have 
a fire-escape  directly  accessible  to  it 
without  passing  through  a public  hall. 

c All  balconies  shall  toe  properly 
connected  with  each  other  by  adequate 
stairs  or  stationary  ladders,  with  open- 
ings not  less  than  twenty-one  by  twenty- 
eight  inches,  except  In  the  i»se  of  a 
party-wall  balcony  as  prescribed  in 
groups  four  and  five  of  this  subdivision. 

d.  All  fire-escapes  shall  have  proper 
drop  ladders  from  the  lowest  balcony 
of  sufficient  length  to  reach  a safe  land- 
ing place  beneath. 

e.  All  fire-escapes  not  on  the  street 
shall  have  a safe  and  adequate  means 


THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW. 


IS 


•f  «grtsn  from  tha  yard  or  court  to  the 

•treat  or  to  the  adjoining  premises. 

f.  Prompt  and  ready  access  shall  be 
had  to  all  fire-escapes.  which  shall  not 
be  obstructed  by  bath  tubs,  water- 
closets,  sinks  or  other  fixtures,  or  in 
any  other  way. 

.¥11  fire-escapes  that  are  already 
erected  which  do  not  conform  to  the 
requirements  of  this  subdivision  may  be 
altered  by  tha  owner  to  make  them  so 
conform  in  lieu  of  providing  new  fire- 
escapes,  but  no  existing  fire-escape  shall 
be  extended  or  have  Its  location  changed 
except  with  the  written  approval  of  the 
department  charged  with  the  enforce- 
ment of  this  chapter.  Where  an  existing 
apartment  In  a tenement  house  erected 
prior  to  April  tenth,  nineteen  hundred 
and  one,  Is  located  entirely  on  a court 
and  has  no  rooms  opening  on  the  street 
or  yard,  fire-escapes  hereafter  provided 
for  such  apartments  may  he'  located  in 
courts  under  the  same  condilons  as  pre- 
scribed for  existing  fire-escapes  in  this 
subdivision.  All  new  ladders  that  are 
provided  for  existing  fire  escapes  shall 
be  constructed  lp  accordance  with  such 
regulations  as  may  be  adopted  by  said 
department. 

4.  Whenever  a.  non-flreproof  tenement 
house  Is  not  provided  with  sufficient 
means  of  egress  in  case  of  fire,  the  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
or  this  chapter  may  order  such  additional 
fire-escapes  or  other  means  of  egress  as 
In  Its  Judgment  may  be  necessary.  ( A* 
amended  by  Chapter  354,  Laws  of  1909.) 
Bulkheads. 

Sec.  17.  Every  tenement  house  hereafter 
erected  shall  have  in  the  roof  a fire- 
proof bulkhead  with  a fireproof  door  to 
the  same,  and  shall  have  fireproof  stairs 
with  a guide  or  hand  rail  leading  to  the 
roof,  except  that  in  tenement  houses 
hereafter  erected,  which  do  not  exceed 
feur  etorles  and  cellar  in  height,  and 
which  alao  are  not  occupied  or  arranged 
to  he  occupied  by  more  than  two  families 
on  any  floor,  such  bulkheads  may  be  of 
wood  covered  with  metal  on  outside 
and  on  inalda  aball  be  lathed  with 
metal  lath  and  plastered  thereon  with 
two  coats  of  mortar,  or  shall  be  covered 
with  good  quality  plaster  boards  not  less 
than  one-half  Inch  In  thickness  made  of 
plaster  and  strong  fibre,  with  all  Joints 
trade  true  and  well  pointed.  The  stairs 
leading  to  such  bulkheads  shall  be  con- 
structed as  specified  In  sections  eighteen 
to  twenty-three  of  this  chapter  fAs 
amended  by  Chapter  445.  Laws  of  1910.) 
Stairs  and  public  halls. 

Sec.  18.  Every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  shall  have  at  least  one 
flight  of  stairs  extending  from  the  en- 
trance floor  to  the  roof,  and  the  stairs 
and  public  halls  therein  shall  each  be 
at  Isaat  three  feet  wide  In  the  clear. 

• fairway*  I"  non-flreproof  hnlldlnae 

§ee.  19.  Every  non -fireproof  tene- 
ment bouse  hereafter  erected  con- 
taining over  twenty-six  apartments 
or  suite*  of  rooms  above  the  en- 
trance story  shall  also  have  an  Ad- 
ditional flight  of  stairs  for  every  ad- 
ditional twenty-six  apartments  or  fra.  - 
tlon  thereof;  If  said  house  contains  not 
•noro  than  thirty-six  apartments  abovs 
the  entrance  story.  In  lien  of  an  Addi- 
tional stairway,  the  stairs,  stair  halls 
and  entrance  halls  throughout  the  en» [re- 
building may  each  be  at  least  one-half 
wider  than  Is  specified  In  sections  eigh- 
teen and  twenty-three  of  this  chapter. 
Stairways  In  fireproof  l>  n 1 1 <1 1 n a •. 

Sec.  20.  Every  fire-proof  tenement 
house  hereafter  erected  containing  over 
thirty-six  apartments  or  suites  of  rooms 
shove  the  entrance  story  shall  also  have 
an  additional  flight  of  stslrs  for  every 
additional  thirty-six  apartments  or  fra  - 
tlon  thereof:  but  If  said  house  tontain 
not  more  than  forty-eight  spartnient* 
above  the  entrance  story.  In  Hsu  of  an 
additional  stairway  the  stairs.  .«  air  halls 
and  entrance  halls  throughou-  the  entire 
Building  may  aach  be  at  least  ont-baif 


wider  than  Is  specified  In  sections  eigh- 
teen and  twenty-three  of  this  chapter. 
And  if  said  house  contains  not  more  than 
eighty-four  apartments  above  the  en- 
trance story  in  lieu  of  three  stairways 
there  may  be  but  two  stairways,  pro- 
vided that  one  of  such  stairways  and  the 
stair  halls  and  entrance  halls  connected 
therewith  are  at  least  one-half  wider 
than  is  specified  In  sections  eighteen  and 
twenty-three  of  this  chapter. 

Stairways  and  stairs. 

Sec.  21.  Each  flight  of  stairs  mentioned 
In  the  last  three  sections  shall  have  an 
entrance  on  the  entrance  floor  from  the 
street  or  street  court,  or  from  an  inner 
court  which  connects  directly  with  the 
street.  All  stairs  shall  be  constructed 
with  a rise  of  not  more  than  eight  Inches 
and  with  treads  not  less  than  ten  Inches 
wide  and  not  less  than  three  feet  long  in 
the  clear.  Winders  will  not  be  permitted 
except  in  a tenement  house  provided 
with  a power  passenger  elevator.  Where 
winders  are  used,  all  treads  at  a point 
eighteen,  inches  from  the  strings  on  the 
well  side  shall  be  at  least  ten  Inches 
wide 

.Stair  ball*. 

Sec.  22.  The  stair  halls  In  all  non- 
flreproof  as  well  as  fireproof  tene- 
ment houses  hereafter  erected  shall  be 
constructed  as  in  this  section  and  the 
following  section  specified.  In  tenement 
houses  hereafter  erected  which  either  are 
occupied  or  are  arranged  to  be  occupied 
by  more  than  two  families  on  any  floor, 
or  which  exceed  four  stories  and  cellar 
in  height,  the  stair  halls  shall  be  con- 
structed of  fire-proof  material  through- 
out. The  risers,  strings  and  banisters 
shall  be  of  metal  or  stone.  The  tread 
shall  be  of  metal,  slate  or  stone,  or  of 
hardwood  not  less  than  two  inches  thick. 
Wooden  hand  rails  io  stairs  will  be  per- 
mitted if  constructed  of  hard  wood.  The 
floors  of  all  such  stair  halls  shall  ba 
constructed  of  Iron  or  steel  beams  and 
fireproof  filling,  and  no  wooden  flooring 
or  sleepers  shall  be  permitted.  In  tene- 
ment houses  hereafter  erected  which  do 
not  exceed  four  stories  and  cellar  In 
height  and  which  are  not  occupied  or 
arranged  to  be  occupied  by  more  than 
two  families  on  any  floor,  the  stair  halls 
shall  either  be  constructed  of  iron  beams 
and  fireproof  filling,  or  shall  be  filled  In 
between  the  floor  beams  wlfh  at  least, 
five  inches  of  cement  deafening.  In  such 
houses  the  stairs  shall  be  iron  or  stone, 
or  may  be  of  wood,  provided  the  soffits 
are  covered  with  metal  lath  and  plas- 
tered with  two  coats  of  mortar,  or  with 
good  quality  plaster-boards  not  less  than 
one-half  inch  In  thickness,  made  of  plas- 
ter and  strong  fiber  and  all  Joints  made 
true  and  well-pointed. 

2.  In  every  non-flreproof  tenement 
house  hereafter  erected  which  cither  Is 
occupied  or  Is  arranged  to  be  occupied 
by  more  than  two  families  on  any  floor, 
or  which  exceeds  four  stories  and  cellar 
in  height,  all  stair  halls  •■hall  be  In- 
closed on  all  sides  with  brick  walls.  The 
doors  opening  from  such  stair  halls  shall 
be  fireproof  and  self-closing,  and  If  pro- 
vided with  glass  such  glass  shall  be  of 
good  quality  wire  glass.  There  shall  be 
no  transom  or  movable  sash  opening 
from  such  stair  hall  to  any  other  part 
of  the  house.  Each  stair  hall  shall  be 
shut  o(T  from  all  non-flreproof  portions  of 
I the  public  halls  and  from  all  other  non- 
flreproof  parts  of  the  building,  on  ench 
story,  by  self-closing  fireproof  door*, 
and  if  glass  Is  used  In  such  doors  It 
shall  be  of  good  quality  wire  glass,  in 
tenement  houses  hereafter  erected  which 
do  not  exceed  four  stories  and  cellar  ’n 
height,  and  which  also  are  not  occupied 
or  arranged  to  be  occupied  by  more  than 
two  families  on  nnv  floor,  the  sialr  halls 
shall  be  inrlosed  on  all  side*  with  brick 
walls  or  with  partitions  of  angle  iron 
and  fire-proof  blocks  no  less  than  four 
Inches  thick:  In  tenement  houses  here- 
after erected  which  do  not  exrccd  three 
stories  and  • ellar  In  he|gtv  and  which 
also  ar»  not  occupied  or  arranged  to  he 
occupied  by  mors  than  two  families  on 


any  floor,  the  stair  halls  may  be  inclosed 
with  wooden  stud  partitions,  provided 
such  partitions  are  covered  on  both  sides 
with  metal  lath,  or  with  good  quality 
plaster  boards  not  less  than  one-half  inch 
in  thickness,  made  of  plaster  and  strong 
fiber  and  all  joints  made  true  and  well- 
pointed,  and  provided  that  the'  space  be- 
tween the  studs  is  filled  in  with  brick 
to  the  height  of  the  floor  beams. 
Entrance  halls. 

Sec.  23.  Every  entrance  hall  in  a tene- 
ment hotise  hereafter  erected  shall  bs 
at  least  three  feet  six  inches  wide  In  tha 
clear,  from  the  entrance  up  to  and  in- 
cluding the  stair  inclosure,  and  beyond 
this  point  at  least  three  feet  wide  In  tha 
clear,  and  shall  comply  with  all  the  con- 
ditions of  the  preceding  sections  of  this 
article  as  to  the  construction  of  stair 
halls,  except  that  in  a fireproof  tene- 
ment house  hereafter  erected  it  may  ba 
inclosed  with  terra  cotta  blocks  not  less 
than  four  inches  thick  and  angle  Iron 
construction,  instead  of  brick  walls.  If 
such  entrance  hall  is  ihe  only  entrance 
to  more  than  one  flight  of  stairs,  that 
portion  of  said  hall  between  the  entrance 
and  the  first  flight  of  stairs  shall  be  In- 
increased  one-half  in  width  in  every  part 
for  each  such  additional  flight  of  staii'3. 
In  every  tenement  house  hereafter  erect- 
ed, access  shall  be  bad  from  the  street 
to  the  yard,  either  in  a dirct  line  or 
through  a court. 

First  tier  of  beaus. 

See.  24.  In  all  non-flreproof  as  well 
as  fireproof  tenement  houses  hereafter 
erected  five  stories  or  more  in  height, 
exclusive  of  the  cellar,  the  first  floor 
above  the  lowest  cellar,  or,  if  there  be 
no  cellar,  above  the  lowest  story,  shall 
be  constructed  fireproof  with  iron  or 
steel  beams  and  fireproof  flooring;  and 
the  bottom  flanges  anrl  all  exposed  por- 
tions of  such  iron  or  steel  beams  below 
the  abutments  of  the  floor  arches  or  fill- 
ing shall  be  entirely  encased  with  hard- 
burnt  clay  or  porous  terra  cotta,  or  with 
metal  lath  properly  secured  and  plas- 
tered on  the  under  side.  In  all  non-flre- 
proof tenement  houses  hereafter  erected 
less  than  five  stories  In  height  where 
the  first  floor  above  the  lowest  cellar,  or, 
if  there  be  no  cellar,  above  the  lowest 
story,  is  not  constructed  fireproof  with 
Iron  or  steel  beams  and  fireproof  floor- 
ing. the  cellar  celling  of  said  tenement 
house  shall  be  lathed  with  metal  lath 
and  plastered  thereon  with  two  coats  of 
brown  mortar  of  good  materials,  or  shall 
be  covered  with  plaster  hoards  not  less 
than  one-half  inch  in  thickness,  made  of 
plaster  and  strong  fiber  and  all  joints 
made  true  and  well-pointed. 

Pm  rt  It  Inn  x. 

Sec.  25.  In  all  non-flreproof  tenement 
houses  hereafter  erected,  fore  and  aft 
stud  partitions  which  rest  directly  over 
each  other  shall  run  through  the  wooden 
floor  beams  and  rest  upon  the  plate  of 
the  partition  below,  and  shall  have  the 
studding  tilled  In  solid  between  the  up- 
rights to  Ihe  depth  of  the  floor  beam* 
with  suitable  Incombustible  materials. 
In  all  fireproof  tenement,  houses  here- 
after erected,  all  partitions  shall  rest 
directly  upon  the  fireproof  floor  contsruc- 
t|on.  and  extend  to  the  fireproof  beam 
filling  above. 

Ollnr  alnlr*  In  non-tlrrproot  Imllct- 
Inga. 

See.  2fi.  In  non-flreproof  tenement 
houses  hereafter  erected  which  either  *r» 
occupied  or  are  arranged  to  ho  occupied 
by  more  than  Iwo  families  on  any  floor, 
or  which  exceed  four  stories  and  cellar 
in  height  titer*  shall  be  no  inside  stairs 
tomtnunli  at  lug  between  the  lowest  cellar 
>r  other  lowest  story  and  the  floor  next 
above,  but  sin  h si  airs  shall  In  every  case 
hi  located  outside  the  building,  and  If  In- 
closed shall  he  constructed  entirely  fire- 
proof and  be  Inclosed  lo  a fireproof  in- 
i loan  e wl’h  fireproof  se|f-rloalng  doors 
I etinr  elalra  In  fireproof  •>  nl  Id  I n a •. 

Rer.  27.  In  every  fireproof  tenement 
house  hereafter  erected  th*  stair*  com- 
municating between  tha  lowest  cellar  or 


15 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK, 


other  lowest  story  and  the  floor  next 
above,  if  not  located  underneath  the 
stairs  leading  to  the  upper  stories,  may- 
be placed  inside  of  the  said  building; 
p ovlded,  that  the  portion  of  the  cellar 
or  other  lowest  story  into  which  said 
stairs  lead  is  entirely  shut  off  by  fire- 
proof walls  from  those  portions  thereof 
which  are  used  for  the  storage  of  fuel, 
or  In  which  heating  appliances,  boilers 
or  machinery  are  located.  All  openings 
ir  such  walls  shall  be  provided  with 
self-closing  fireproof  doors. 

Closet  tinder  first  story  stairs. 

Sec.  28.  In  non-fireproof  tenement 
houses  hereafter  erected  no  closet  of 
any  kind  shall  be  constructed  under  any 
staircase  leading  from  the  first  story, 
exclusive  of  the  cellar,  to  the  upper 
stories,  but  such  space  shall  be  left  en- 
tirely open  and  kept  clear  and  free  from 
incumbrance. 

Cellar  entrance. 

Sec.  29.  In  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  there  shall  be  an  entrance 
to  the  cellar  or  other  lowest  story  from 
the  outside  of  the  said  building. 

Fire  stops. 

Sec.  30.  In  tenement  houses  hereafter 
erected,  in  all  walls  where  wooden  fur- 
ring is  used  all  the  courses  of  brick  from 
the  under  side  of  the  floor  beams  to  the 
top  of  the  same  shall  project  a distance 
of  at  least  two  inches  beyond  the  inside 
face  of  the  wall  so  as  to  provide  an  ef- 
fective fire  stop;  and  wherever  floor 
beams  run  parallel  to  a wall  and  wooden 
furring  is  used  such  beams  shall  always 
be  kept  at  least  two  and  one-half  Inches 
away  from  the  inside  line  of  the  wall, 
snd  the  space  between  the  beams  and  the 
wall  shall  be  built  up  solidly  with  brick- 
work from  the  under  Bide  of  the  floor 
beams  to  the  top  of  the  same,  so  as  to 
form  au  effective  fire  stop. 

Wooden  tenement  houses. 

Sec.  31.  Within  the  fire  limits  no 
wooden  tenement  house  shall  hereafter  be 
erected,  and  no  wooden  building  not  now 
used  as  a tenement  house  shall  hereafter 
be  altered  or  converted  to  such  use.  But 
outside  of  the  fire  limits,  tenement  houses 
not  exceeding  three  stories  in  height,  ex- 
clusive of  the  cellar,  may  be  erected  of 
wood,  but  shall  not  provide  accommoda- 
tions for,  or  be  occupied,  if  two  stories 
in  height,  by  more  than  four  families  in 
all,  or  more  than  two  families  on  any 
floor;  nor  if  three  stories  in  height  by 
more  than  three  families  in  all,  nor  by 
more  than  one  family  on  any  floor.  No 
such  building  shall  exceed  forty  feet  in 
height,  and  «*«  side  ^alls  of  all  such 
buildings  shall  be  brick  filled.  And  such 
houses,  whether  of  wood  or  other  mate- 
rial, need  not  comply  with  the  provisions 
of  the  following  named  sections  of  this 
chapter,  seventeen,  nineteen,  twenty, 
tveuty-two,  twenty-three,  twenty-four’ 
twenty-five,  twenty-six,  twenty-seven’ 
thirty,  thirty-six,  thirty-seven,  and  such 
houses  which  do  not  exceed  two  stories 
in  height  need  not  have  either  fire- 
escapes  or  stairs  extending  to  the  roof. 

Seattle*,  bulkheads,  ladders  and 
stairs. 

Sec.  32.  Every  tenement  house  shall 
have  in  the  roof  a bulkhead  or  a scuttle 
■which.  In  tenement  houses  erected  prior 
io  April  tenth,  nineteen  hundred  and  one, 
shall  be  not  less  than  twenty-one  inches 
by  twenty-eight  inches,  and  a tenement 
house  erected  after  that  date,  not  less 
in  size  than  two  feet  by  thirty  inches. 
All  souttles  shall  be  covered  on  the  out- 
side with  metal  and  shall  be  provided 
with  stairs  oi  stationary  ladders  leading 
thereto  aud  easily  accessible  to  all  ten- 
ants of  the  building  aud  kept  free  from 
incumbrance,  and  all  scuttles  and  lad- 
ders shall  be  kept  so  as  to  be  ready 
for  use  at  all  times.  No  scuttle  shall 
w*  located  in  a room,  but  all  scuttles 
shall  he  located  in  the  ceiling  of  the 
public  hall  on  the  top  floor,  aud  access 


through  the  scuttle  to  the  roof  shall  be 
direct  and  uninterrupted.  If  located  in 
a closet,  said  closet  shall  open  from  the 
public  hall  and  shall  not  be  used  as  a 
water-closet  compartment  or  bathroom, 
and  the  door  to  such  closet  shall  be 
permanently  removed,  or  shall  be 
fastened  only  by  movable  bolts  or  hooks 
without  key-locks.  When  deemed  neces- 
sary by  the  department  charged  with  the 
enforcement  of  this  chapter,  scuttles 
shall  be  hinged  so  as  to  readily  open. 
Every  bulkhead  in  a tenement  house 
shall  have  stairs  with  a guide  or  hand- 
rail leading  to  the  roof,  and  such  stairs 
shall  be  kept  free  from  incumbrance  at 
all  times.  No  scuttle  and  no  bulkhead 
door  shall  at  any  time  be  locked  with 
a key,  hut  either  may  be  fastened  on  the 
inside  by  movable  bolts  or  hooks.  All 
key-locks  on  scuttles  and  on  bulk- 
head doors  shall  be  removed.  No  stairs 
leading  to  the  root  in  any  tenement  house 
shall  be  removed  and  replaced  with  a 
ladder.  Every  bulkhead  hereafter  con- 
structed in  a now-existing  tenement 
house  shall  be  constructed  as  provided 
in  section  seventeen  of  this  chapter,  ex- 
cept that  where  the  stairs  and  stair 
halls  in  such  tenement  house  are  not 
now  of  fireproof  material  such  bulkhead 
may  be  of  wood  covered  with  metal.  Any 
tenement  house  hereafter  increased  in 
height  by  placing  thereon  an  additional 
story  or  stories,  or  a part  of  a story, 
shall  be  provided  with  a bulkhead  in 
ths  roof.  (As  amended  by  Chapter  354, 
LawB  of  1909.) 

Staif  lialls,  public  balls  and  en- 
trance halla. 

Sec.  S3,  If  any  tenement  house  exist- 
ing on  April  eleventh,  nineteen  hundred 
and  one,  shall  be  so  altered  as  to  in- 
crease the  number  of  rooms  therein  by 
thirty-three  and  one-third  per  centum 
or  more,  or  If  such  building  is  increased 
in  height  so  that  the  said  building  is 
more  than  four  atorles  or  parts  of 
stories  above  the  curb  level,  and  also 
the  number  of  rooms  Is  increased  there- 
in, the  entire  stair  halls,  entrance  halls 
and  other  publlo  halls  of  the  whole 
building  shall  be  made  to  conform  to 
the  requirements  of  seotions  eighteen  to 
twenty-three,  inclusive,  of  this  chapter. 

Alteration  ®C  wooden  tenement 
bonnes. 

geo.  34.  No  wooden  tenement  house 
shall  be  increased  in  height  so  as  to 
exceed  three  stories,  exoluslve  of  the 
cellar,  nor  shall  it  be  altered  so  as  to 
be  occnpled.  If  less  than  three  stories, 
by  more  than  two  families  on  any  floor 
nor  by  more  than  four  families  in  all; 
nor,  If  three  stories,  by  more  than  one 
family  on  any  floor,  nor  by  more  than 
three  families  in  alL 

Stairways. 

Sec.  85.  In  every  tenement  house  all 
stairways  shall  be  provided  with  proper 
banisters  and  railings  and  kept  in  good 
repair.  In  any  tenement  house  any  new 
stairs  that  may  be  hereafter  constructed 
leading  from  the  first  story  to  the  cel- 
lar or  basement,  shall  be  entirely  in- 
closed with  brick  walls,  and  be  pro- 
vided with  fireproof  6elf-closlng  doors 
at  both  the  top  and  the  bottom.  No 
public  hall  or  stairs  In  a tenement 
house  shall  be  reduced  in  width  so  as  to 
be  less  than  the  minimum  width  pre- 
scribed in  sections  eighteen  to  twenty- 
three,  inclusive,  of  this  chapter. 

Shafts. 

Sec.  36.  All  shafts  hereafter  con- 
structed in  tenement  houses  6hall  be 
constructed  fireproof  throughout,  with 
fireproof  self-closing  doors  at  all  open- 
ings, at  each  story,  except  window  open- 
ings in  vent  shafts;  and,  if  they  ex- 
tend to  the  cellar,  shall  also  be  inclosed 
in  the  cellar  with  fireproof  walls  and 
fireproof  self-closing  doors  at  all  open- 
ings. In  no  case  shall  any  shaft  be 
constructed  of  materials  in  which  any 
inflammable  material  or  substance  en- 
ters into  auy  of  the  component  parts. 


But  nothing  in  this  section  contained 
shall  be  so  construed  as  to  require  such 
inclosure  about  elevators  or  dumbwait- 
ers in  the  wellhole  of  stairs  where  the 
stairs  themselves  are  Inclosed  in  brick 
or  stone  walls,  and  are  entirely  con- 
structed of  fireproof  materials  as  here- 
inbefore provided. 

Plastering  behind  wainscoting. 

Sec.  37.  When  wainscoting  is  here- 
after placed  In  any  tenement  house,  or 
any  building  in  process  of  alteration 
into  a tenement  house,  the  surface  of 
the  wall  or  partition  behind  such  wain- 
scoting shall  be  plastered  down  to  the 
floor  line,  and  any  intervening  space  be- 
tween said  plastering  and  said  wainscot 
shall  be  filled  in  solid  with  incombusti- 
ble material. 

Wooden  buildings  on  same  lot  with 
a tenement  bouse. 

Sec,  38.  No  wooden  building  of  any 
kind  whatsoever  shall  hereafter  be 
placed  or  built  upon  the  same  lot  with 
a tenement  house  within  the  fire  limits. 
And,  within  the  fire  limits,  no  wooden 
tenement  house,  and  no  wooden  struc- 
ture or  other  building  on  the  same  lot 
with  a tenement  house,  shall  hereafter 
be  enlarged,  extended  or  raised;  except 
that  a wooden  extension  not  exceeding 
in  total  area  seventy  square  feet  may 
be  added  to  an  existing  wooden  tene- 
ment house,  provided  such  extension  is 
used  solely  for  bath-rooms  or  water- 
closata. 

Combustible  materials. 

Sec.  89.  No  tenement  house,  nor  any 
part  thereof,  nor  of  tha  lot  upon  which 
It  Is  situated,  shall  be  used  as  a place 
of  storage,  keeping  or  handling  of  any 
combustible  article  except  under  such 
conditions  as  may  be  prescribed  by  the 
fire  department,  under  authority  of  a 
written  permit  issued  by  said  depart- 
ment. No  tenement  house,  nor  ;any 
part  thereof,  nor  of  the  lot  upon  which 
It  is  situated,  shall  he  used  as  a place 
of  storage,  keeping  or  handling  of  any 
article  dangerous  or  detrimental  to  life 
or  health,  nor  for  the  storage,  keeping 
or  handling  of  feed,  hay,  straw,  excel- 
sior, cotton,  paper  stock,  feathers  or 
rags. 

Bakeries  and  fat  boiling;. 

Sec.  40.  No  bakery  and  no  place  of 
business  in  which  fat  is  boiled,  shall  be 
maintained  in  any  tenement  house  which 
is  not  fireproof  throughout,  unless  the 
ceiling,  side-walls,  and  all  exposed  iron 
or  wooden  girders  or  columns  within 
the  said  bakery  or  within  6aid  place 
where  fat  boiling  is  done,  are  made  6afe 
by  fireproof  materials  around  the  6ame. 
And  there  shall  be  no  openings  either 
by  door  or  window,  dumbwaiter  shafts 
or  otherwise,  between  said  bakery  or 
said  place  where  fat  is  boiled  In  any 
tenement  house,  and  the  other  parts  of 
the  6ald  building,  except  that  In  baker- 
ies in  which  no  fat  is  boiled,  and  in 
which  no  apparatus  for  fat  boiling  is 
present  or  on  the  premises,  a dumb- 
waiter communicating  between  the  place 
where  the  baking  Is  done  and  the  store 
above,  may  be  maintained,  if  entirely 
Inclosed  iu  a brick  shaft  with  walls  not 
less  than  eight  inches  thick,  without  any 
openings  whatever  except  one  door 
opening  In  the  bake-shop  and  one  do-r 
opening  In  the  bakery  store;  such  open- 
ings shall  each  be  provided  with  a fire- 
proof door  so  arranged  that  when  ore 
door  is  open  or  partly  open,  the  other 
door  shall  be  entirely  closed. 

Other  dangerou*  iimlnempi, 

Sec.  41.  All  transoms  and  windows 
opening  Into  halls  from  any  portion  of  a 
tenement  house  where  paint,  oil,  spir- 
ituous liquors  or  drugs  are  stored  for  the 
purpose  of  sale  or  otherwise,  shall  be 
glazed  with  wire-glass  or  they  shall  be 
removed  and  closed  no  as  solidly  as  the 
rest  of  the  wall;  and  all  doors  leading 
Into  any  such  hall  from  such  portion  of 
said  house  shall  be  made  fireproof. 


THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW. 


17 


ARTICLE  IV. 

LIGHT  A STD  VENTILATION. 

fee.  60.  Percentage  of  lot  occupied. 

Sec.  6L  Height. 

Sec.  52.  Yards. 

Sec.  53.  Yards  of  interior  lots. 

Sec.  54.  Yards  of  corner  lots. 

Sec.  65.  Yard  spaces  of  lots  running 
through  from  street  to  street. 

Sec.  56.  Courts. 

See.  67.  Outer  courts. 

See.  58.  Inner  courts. 

Sec.  59.  Outer  and  Inner  courts. 

Sec.  60.  Rear  tenements. 

Sec.  6L  Buildings  on  same  lot  with 
tenement  houses. 

Sec.  62.  Rooms,  lighting  and  ventila- 
tlon  of. 

Sec.  63.  Windows  in  rooms. 

Sec.  64.  Rooms,  size  of. 

Sec.  65.  Alcoves  and  alcove  rooms. 

Sec.  66.  Public  halls. 

Sec.  67.  Windows  and  skylights  for 
public  halls,  size  of. 

Sec.  68.  Windows  for  stair  halls,  size 
of. 

Sec.  69.  Privacy. 

Sec.  70.  Percentage  of  lot  occupied. 
Sec.' 71.  Yards. 

Sec.  72.  Additional  rooms  and  halls. 
Sec.  73.  Rooms,  lighting  and  ventila- 
tion of. 

Sec.  74.  Public  halls,  lighting  of. 

8ec.  75.  Light  and  vent  shafts  in  exist- 
ing buildings. 

Sec.  76.  Public  halls. 

Sec.  77.  Skylights. 

Sec.  78.  Chimneys  and  fireplaces. 

Sec.  79.  Vent  shafts. 

Pereealage  of  let  occapled. 


house.  The  depth  of  said  yard,  measured 
from  the  extreme  rear  wall  of  the  house 
to  the  rear  line  of  the  lot.  shall  be  as 
set  forth  in  the  two  foilowing  sections. 


Yards  of  Interior  lota. 


Sea  53.  Except  upon  a corner  lot  the 
depth  of  the  yard  behind  every  tenement 
bousehereafter  erectedsixty  feet  in  height 
shall  be  not  less  than  twelve  feet  in 
every  part.  Said  yard  shall  be  increased 
In  depth  one  foot  for  every  additional 
twelve  feet  of  height  of  the  building,  or 
fraction  thereof;  and  may  be  decreased  in 
depth  one  foot  for  every  twelve  feet  of 
height  of  the  building  less  than  sixty  feet; 
but  it  shall  never  be  less  than  ten  feet 
in  depth  in  any  part. 

Yards  of  corner  lots. 

Sec.  54.  The  depth  of  the  yard  behind 
every  tenement  house  hereafter  erected 
upon  a corner  lot  shall  be  not  less  than 
ten  feet  in  every  part,  provided  that 
where  such  lot  is  less  than  one  hundred 
feet  in  depth,  the  depth  of  the  yard  may 
be  not  less  than  ten  per  centum  of  the 
depth  of  such  lot,  but  shall  never  be  less 
than  five  feet  in  every  part,  nor  less  than 
the  minimum  width  of  an  outer  court  on 
the  lot  line  ag  proscribed  by  section  fifty- 
seven,  subdivision  one,  of  this  chapter. 
Where  a tenement  house  hereafter  erected 
on  a corner  lot  has  no  basement  and  the 
cellar  ceiling  is  not  more  than  two  feet 
above  the  curb  level,  said  yard  may  start 
at  the  level  of  the  second  tier  of  beams. 
Where  a corner  lot  is  more  than  fifty 
feet  in  width,  the  yard  for  that  portion 
in  excess  of  fifty  feet  shall  conform  to 
the  provisions  of  section  fifty-three  oi 
this  chapter. 


Sec.  50.  No  tenement  bouse  hereafter 
erected  shall  occupy  more  than  ninety 
per  centum  of  a corner  lot,  or  more  than 
seventy  perccntum  of  any  other  lot.  ex- 
cept as  otherwise  provided  In  section  fif- 
ty-eight, subdivisions  one  and  two,  of  this 
chapter;  provided,  that  the  space  occu- 
pied by  fire-escapes  of  the  size  herein- 
before prescribed  shall  not  be  deemed  a 
part  of  the  lot  occupied.  For  the  pur- 
poses of  this  lection  the  measurements 
shall  be  taken  at  the  ground  level,  ex- 
cept that  where  such  a building  has  no 
basement,  and  the  cellar  ceiling  is  not 
more  than  two  feet  above  the  curb  level, 
the  measurements  as  (o  percentage  or  lot 
occupied  may  be  taken  at  the  level  of 
the  second  tier  of  beams.  The  provisions 
of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to  a tene- 
ment. house  hereafter  erected  running 
through  from  one  street  to  another 
street,  provided  that  the  lot  on  which  It 
is  situated  does  not  exceed  one  hundred 
feet  In  depth. 

Height.  ' ■ ■ ’ ' ■-!- 

Sec.  51.  The  height  of  no  tenement 
house  hereafter  erected  shall  by  more 
ban  one-balf  exceed  the  width  of  the 
widest  street  upon  which  It  stands.  Such 
height  shall  be  the  perpendicular  diatan.  e 
measured  In  a straight,  line  from  the  curb 
level  to  tbe  highest  point,  of  the  roor 
beams;  provided  that  where  there  are 
bulkheads  exceeding  ten  feet  In  height  or 
exceeding  In  area  fen  per  centum  of  the 
area  of  the  roof,  the  measurements  shall 
he  taken  to  the  top  of  the  bulkhead;  but 
thin  shall  not  apply  to  elevator  Inclosures 
not  exceeding  fifteen  feet  In  height.  The 
measurements  in  all  rase*  snail  be  taker, 
through  the  center  of  tbe  facade  of  tbe 


Yard  spaces  of  lots  rnnnlng  through 
from  street  to  street. 

Sec.  65.  Wherever  a tenement  house 
hereafter  erected  is  upon  a lot  which 
runs  through  from  one  street  to  another 
street,  and  said  lot  Is  not  less  than  sev- 
enty feet  nor  more  than  one  hundred  feet 
in  depth,  there  shall  be  a yard  space 
through  the  center  of  the  lot  midway  be- 
tween the  two  streets,  which  space  shall 
extend  across  the  full  width  of  the  lot 
apd  shall  never  be  less  than  twelve  feet 
In  depth  from  wall  to  wall,  and  shall  be 
increased  in  depth  as  prescribed  in  sec- 
tion fifty-three  of  this  chapter.  But 
where  such  building  has  no  basement  and 
the  cellar  celling  is  not  more  than  two 
feet  above  the  curb  level,  such  yard 
space  may  start  at  the  level  of  the  second 
tier  of  beams.  Where  such  lot  is  over 
one  hundred  feet  in  depth  such  yard 
space  shall  be  left  through  the  center  of 
the  lot  midway  between  the  two  streets, 
and  shall  extend  across  the  entire  width 
of  the  lot,  and  shall  not  be  less  than 
twenty-four  feet  In  depth  from  wall  to 
wall,  and  shall  be  increased  In  depth  as 
prescribed  in  section  fifty-three  of  this 
chapter.  Where  a single  tenement  house 
hereafter  erected  run*  through  from  one 
street  to  another  street,  and  also  occupies 
the  entire  block,  no  vard  need  be  pro- 
vided. Where  a single  tenement,  house 
hereafter  erected  is  situated  on  a ioc 
formed  by  the  Int ersection  of  two  siree's 
at  an  acute  angle,  the  yard  of  the  said 
house  need  nor  extend  across  the  entire 
width  of  the  lot.  provided  that  ir  extends 
to  a point  In  line  with  the  middle  line  cf 
the  block.  , . ■» 

Conns. 


house. 

No  tenement  bouse  shall  be  increased 
in  height  so  that  the  building  shail  ex- 
ceed by  more  than  one-half  the  width  of 
the  widest  street  op  which  It  stands. 

Yards. 

Sec.  52.  Behind  every  tenement  bouse 
hereafter  erected  there  shall  be  a yard 
extending  across  the  entire  width  of  th* 
lot.  and  except  tipon  a corner  lot.  at  everv 
point  open  from  the  ground  to  rh»  sky 
unobstructed,  except,  th*1  fire-escapes  or 
uoioclosed  outside  stairs  msy  project  not 
over  four  feet  from  the  rear  line  of  the 


Sec.  56.  .so  court  of  a tenement  house 
hereafter  erected  shall  be  covered  by  a 
roof  or  skylight,  but  every  such  court 
shall  be  at  every  point  open  from  the 
ground  to  the  sky  unobstructed,  except 
as  hereinafter  otherwise  provided,  and 
shall  conform  to  the  requirements  of  sec- 
tions fifty-seven,  fifty-eight  and  fifty- 
nine;  provided,  that  an  apartment  not 
containing  ar.y  room  fronting  upon  the 
street  or  yard  shall  have  a fire-escape  In 
a court,  projecting  not  more  than  four 
feet  from  th*  wall  of  the  house.  Such 
fire-escape  shall  directly  connect  at  the 
bottom  of  such  court  with  a fireproof 


passageway,  pot  less  than  three  feet  wida 
and  seven  feet  high,  leading  in  a straight 
and  direct  line  to  the  street. 

Outer  courts.  ’ ( 4 

Sec.  57.  3.  Where  one  side  of  an  outer 
court  is  situated  on  the  lot  line,  the 
width  of  the  said  court,  measured  from 
the  lot  line  to  the  opposite  wall  of  the 
building,  for  tenement  houses  sixty  feet 
in  height  shall  not  be  less  than  six  feet 
in  any  part;  and  for  every  twelve  feet  of 
increase  or  fraction  thereof  in  height  of 
the  said  building,  such  width  shall  be  in- 
creased six  inches  throughout  the  entire 
height  of  said  court;  and  for  every  twelve 
feet  of  decrease  in  the  height  of  the  said 
building  below  sixty  feet,  such  width  may 
be  decreased  six  inches.  Wherever  an 
outer  court  exceeds  sixty-five  feet  in 
length  and  does  not  extend  from  the 
street  to  the  yard,  the  entire  court  shall 
be  increased  in  width  one  foot  for  every 
additional  thirty  feet  or  fraction  thereof 
in  excess  of  sixty-five  feet.  Except  that 
in  tenement  houses  hereafter  erected  not 
exceeding  four  stories  and  cellar  in  height 
and  which  also  are  not  occupied  or  ar- 
ranged to  be  occupied  by  more  than  eight 
families  in  all,  or  by  more  than  two 
families  on  any  floor,  and  in  which  also 
each  apartment  extends  through  from  the 
street  to  the  yard,  the  width  of  an  outer 
court  situated  on  the  lot  line  shall  not  be 
less  than  four  feet  in  any  part,  provided 
that  the  length  of  such  outer  court  does 
not  exceed  thirty-six  feet. 

2.  WThere  an  outer  court  is  situated  be- 
tween wings  or  parts  of  the  same  build- 
ing or  between  different  buildings  on  the 
same  lot,  the  width  of  the  said  court, 
measured  from  wall  to  wall  for  tenement 
houses  sixty  feet  in  height  shall  not  be 
less  than  twelve  feet  in  any  part;  and 
for  every  twelve  feet  of  increase  or  frac- 
tion thereof  in  the  height  of  the  said 
building,  such  width  shall  be  increased 
one  foot  throughout  the  entire  Height  of 
the  said  court;  end  for  every  twelve  feet 
of  decrease  in  the  height  of  the  said 
building  below  sixty  feet,  such  width  of 
the  said  court  may  be  decreased  one  foot. 
Wherever  an  outer  court  exceeds  sixty- 
five  feet  in  length,  the  entire  court  shall 
be  increased  in  width  two  feet  for  every 
additional  thirty  feet  or  fraction  thereof 
In  excess  of  sixty-five  feet.  Except  that  in 
tenement  houses  hereafter  erected  not 
exceeding  four  stories  and  cellar  In  height 
and  which  also  are  not  occupied  or  ar- 
ranged to  be  occupied  by  more  than  eight 
families  in  all,  or  by  more  than  two 
families  on  any  floor,  and  In  which  also 
each  apartment  extends  through  from  the 
6treot  to  the  yard,  the  width  of  an  outer 
court  situated  between  wings  or  parts  of 
the  same  building,  or  between  different 
buildings  on  the  same  lot,  measured  from 
wall  to  wall,  ahall  be  not  less  than  eight 
feet  in  any  part  provided  that  the  length 
of  said  outer  court  does  not  exceed  thir- 
ty-six feet. 

3.  Wherever  an  outer  court  changes  Its 
Initial  horizontal  direction,  or  wherever 
any  part  of  such  court  extends  In  a di- 
rection so  as  not  to  receive  direct  light, 
from  the  street  or  yard,  the  length  of 
such  portion  of  said  court  shall  never  ex- 
ceed the  width  of  said  portion;  such 
length  to  be  measured  from  the  point  at 
which  the  change  of  direction  commences. 
Wherever  an  outer  court  Is  less  In  depth 
•han  the  minimum  width  prescribed  by 
this  article,  then  Its  width  may  be  equal 
to.  but  not  less  than  Its  depth,  provided 
that  such  width  Is  never  less  than  four 
feet  In  the  clear.  This  exception  ahall 
also  apply  to  each  offset  or  recess  In 
outer  courts.  And  no  window  except  win- 
dows of  water-closet  compartments,  bath- 
rooms or  hsll  shall  open  upon  any  offset 
or  recess  less  than  six  feet  in  width.  j 
Inner  coarts. 

Sec.  58  (1)  Where  one  side  of  sn  Inner 

court  Is  situated  on  the  lot  line,  the  width 
nr  the  said  court  measured  from  tbe  lot 
line  to  the  opposite  wall  of  the  building, 
('ir  tenemjnt  bouses  sixty  feet  !c  fcetgfc* 


18 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK, 


• hall  not  be  less  than  twelve  leet  in  any 
part,  and  Its  other  horizontal  dimension 

• hall  not  be  less  than  twenty-four  feet  in 
«ny  part;  and  for  every  twelve  feet  of  in- 
crease or  fraction  thereof  in  the  height 
of  the  said  building,  such  width  shall  be 
increased  six  inches  throughout  the  entire 
height  of  said  court,  and  the  other  hori- 
zontal dimension  shall  be  increased  one 
foot  throughout  the  entire  height  of  said 
court;  and  for  every  twelve  feet  of  de- 
crease in  the  height  of  the  said  building 
below  sixty  feet,  such  width  may  be  de- 
creased six  inches  and  the  other  hori- 
zontal dimension  may  be  decreased  one 
foot.  Except  that  in  tenement  houses 
hereafter  erected  not  exceeding  four  sto- 
ries and  cellar  in  height  and  which  also 
are  not  occupied  or  arranged  to  be  occu- 
pied by  more  than  eight  families  in  all, 
or  by  more  than  two  families  on  any 
floor,  and  in  which  also  each  apartment 
extends  through  from  the  street  to  the 
yard,  and  which  also  do  not  occupy  more 
than  seventy-two  per  centum  of  the  lot. 
In  the  case  of  an  interior  lot,  the  width 
of  an  inner  court  situated  on  the  lot  line 
measured  from  the  lot  line  to  the  oppo- 
site wall  of  the  building  shall  not  be  less 
than  eight  feet  in  any  part,  and  its  other 
horizontal  dimension  shall  not  be  less 
than  fourteen  feet  in  any  part.  Except 
also  that  in  such  tenement  houses  which 
do  not  exceed  three  stories  and  cellar  in  | 
height,  and  which  also  are  not  occupied, 
or  arranged  to  be  occupied,  by  more  than 
six  families  In  all,  or  by  more  than  two 
families  on  any  floor,  a portion  of  such 
inner  court  may  be  occupied  by  a bath- 
room extension,  provided  that  such  ex- 
tension has  no  window  facing  an  opposite 
building,  and  that  it  does  not  occupy  a 
portion  of  such  court  greater  than  four 
and  one-half  feet  in  width,  or  seven  feet 
in  length,  and  that  between  such  exten- 
sion and  the  lot  line  the  court  is  never 
less  than  three  and  one-half  feet  in  width. 
In  such  last  named  tenement  houses 
which  do  not  occupy  more  than  sixty-five 
per  centum  of  the  lot,  in  the  case  of  an 
Interior  lot,  where  an  inner  court  for  Us 
entire  length  immediately  adjoins  an  ex- 
isting inner  court  of  equal  or  greater  size 
in  an  adjoining  building  or  adjoining  such 
a court  in  an  adjoining  building  actually 
in  course  of  construction  at  the  same 
time,  the  width  of  such  inner  court  meas- 
ured from  the  lot  line  to  the  opposite 
wall  of  the  building  shall  be  not  less  than 
four  feet  in  any  part,  and  not  less  than 
eight  feet  from  wall  to  wall,  and  its  other 
horizontal  dimension  shall  be  not  less 
than  twelve  and  one-half  feet. 

(2)  Where  an  inner  court  is  not  situated 
upon  the  lot  line,  but  is  inclosed  on  all 
four  sides,  the  least  horizontal  dimension 
of  the  said  court  for  tenement  houses 
sixty  feet  in  height,  shall  not  be  less 
than  twenty-four  feet;  and  for  every 
twelve  feet  of  increase  or  fraction  thereof 
In  the  height  of  the  said  building,  the 
•aid  court  shall  be  increased  one  foot  in 
each  horizontal  dimension,  throughout  the 
eptire  height  of  said  court;  and  for  every 
twelve  feet  of  decrease  in  the  height  of 
the  said  building  below  sixty  feet,  the 
horizontal  dimensions  of  the  said  court 
may  be  decreased  one  foot  in  each  direc- 
tion. Except  that  in  tenement  houses 
hereafter  erected  not  exceeding  four  sto- 
ries and  cellar  in  height  and  which  are 
not  occupied  or  arranged  to  be  occupied 
by  more  than  eight  families  In  all,  or  by 
more  than  two  families  on  any  floor,  and 
in  which  also  each  apartment  extends 
through  from  the  street  to  the  yard,  and 
which  also  do  not  occupy  more  than 
seventy-two  per  centum  of  the  lot  In  the 
case  of  an  interior  lot,  the  least  hori- 
zontal dimension  of  an  inner  court  not 
situated  on  the  lot  line,  but  inclosed  on 
all  four  sides,  shall  not  be  less  than  four- 
teen feet.  Except  also  that  in  such  tene- 
ment houses  which  do  not  exceed  three 
stories  and  cellar  in  height  and  which 
also  are  not  occupied,  or  arranged  to  be 
occupied,  by  more  than  six  families  in  all, 
or  by  more  than  two  families  on  any 
floor,  and  which  do  not  occupy  more  than 
•ixLy-flve  per  centum  of  th>  lot,  in  the 


case  of  an  interior  lot,  the  width  of  such 
inner  court  shall  not  be  less  than  eight 
feet  in  any  part,  and  its  other  horizontal 
dimension  shall  not  be  less  than  twelve 
and  one-half  feet.  In  inner  courts  which 
are  not  less  than  ten  feet  wide  in  any 
part,  offsets  and  recesses  will  be  per- 
mitted, but  where  the  depth  of  such  off- 
set or  recess  is  less  than  the  minimum 
width  prescribed,  then  the  width  of  said 
offset  or  recess  may  be  equal  to  but  not 
less  than  its  depth,  provided  that  such 
width  is  never  less  than  four  feet  in  the 
clear.  And  no  window  except  windows  of 
water-closet  compartments,  bath-rooms  or 
halls  shall  open  upon  any  offset  or  recess 
less  than  six  feet  in  width. 

(3.)  Every  inner  court  shall  be  provided 
with  one  or  more  horizontal  intakes  at 
the  bottom.  Such  intakes  shall  always 
communicate  directly  with  the  street  or 
yard,  and  shall  consist  of  a passageway 
not  less  than  three  feet  wide  and  seven 
feet  high  which  shall  b^  left  open,  or  if 
not  open  there  shall  always  be  provided 
in  said  passageway  open  grilles  or  tran- 
soms of  a size  not  less  than  five  square 
feet  each,  and  such  open  grilles  or  tran- 
soms shall  never  be  covered  over  by  glass 
or  in  any  other  way.  There  shall  be  at 
least  two  such  grilles  or  transoms  in 
each  such  passageway,  one  at  the  inner 
court  and  the  other  at  the  street  or  yard, 
as  the  case  may  be. 

Outer  and  inner  court*. 

Sec.  59.  Nothing  contained  in  the  fore- 
going sections  concerning  outer  and  inner 
courts  shall  be  construed  as  preventing 
windows  at  the  angles  of  said  courts,  pro- 
vided that  the  running  length  of  the  wall 
containing  such  windows  does  not  exceed 
six  feet.  Except  that  in  outer  or  inner 
courts  of  a less  size  than  the  minimum 
prescribed  for  terfement.  houses  sixty  feet 
in  height,  the  running  length  of  the  wall 
containing  windows  in  the  angles  of  said 
courts,  shall  not  exceed  four  feet.  Noth- 
ing in  this  section  contained  shall  be 
construed  so  as  to  permit  the  reduction 
of  any  inner  court  by  cutting  off  the  cor- 
ners thereof  when  such  court  is  less  than 
eight  feet  in  width,  measured  from  the 
lot  line  to  the  opposite  wall  of  the  build- 
ing. In  construing  said  sections  the 
height  of  the  building  is  to  be  measured 
from  the  curb  level  to  the  top  of  the 
highest  wall  inclosing  or  forming  such 
court.  When  a tenement  house  hereafter 
erected  exceeding  three  stories  in  height 
has  no  basement  and  the  cellar  ceilmg  is 
not  more  than  two  feet  above  the  curb 
level,  the  courts  mentioned  in  the  seven 
preceding  sections  may  start  at  the  level 
of  the  second  tier  of  beams.  Where  an 
inner  court  starts  at  the  second  tier  of 
beams,  a portion  of  such  court  having  a 
least  horizontal  dimension  equal  to  the 
minimum  width  of  the  court  as  prescribed 
by  section  fifty-eight,  subdivisions  one 
and  two,  of  this  chapter  shall  be  left  un- 
built upon,  atfd  shall  communicate  di- 
rectly with  the  intake  required  by  section 
fifty-eight,  subdivision  three,  of  this 
chapter.  Nothing  in  this  section  con- 
tained shall  be  construed  so  as  to  permit 
arfy  room  without  a window  opening  on 
the  street  or  yard  or  on  a court  in  every 
part  of  the  dimensions  prescribed  in  the 
foregoing  sections.  Where  a court  starts 
at  the  level  of  the  second  tier  of  beams 
in  whole  or  in  part,  and  the  bottom  of 
said  court  is  a skylight  over  a store  or 
hall,  proper  access  to  the  top  of  said  sky- 
light shall  be  provided,  and  said  skylight 
shall  be  so  arranged  as  to  be  easily 
cleaned. 

Hear  tenements. 

Sec.  60.  No  separate  tenement  house 
shall  hereafter  bo  erected  upon  the  rear 
of  a lot  fifty  feet  or  less  irf  width  where 
there  is  a tenement  house  on  the  front 
of  the  said  lot,  nor  upon  the  front  of  any 
sueb  lot  upon  the  rear  of  which  there  is 
I such  a tenement  house. 

Bnlldlnaa  on  same  lot  with  tenement 
I houses. 

Sec.  61.  If  any  building  is  hereafter 
placed  on  me  same  lot  with  a tenement 


house  there  shall  always  be  maintained 
between  the  said  buildings  an  open  un- 
occupied space  extending  upwards  from 
the  ground  and  extending  across  the  en- 
tire width  of  the  lot;  where  either  build- 
ing is  sixty  feet  in  height  such  open 
space  shall  be  twenty-four  feet  from 
wall  to  wall;  arfd  for  every  twelve  feet  of 
increase  or  fraction  thereof  in  the  height 
of  such  building,  such  open  space  shall 
be  increased  one  foot  in  depth  through- 
out its  entire  width,  and  for  every  twelve 
feet  of  decrease  in  the  height  of  suCn 
building  below  sixty  feet,  the  depth  of 
such  open  space  may  be  decreased  one 
foot.  And  no  building  of  arfy  kind  shall 
be  hereafter  placed  upon  the  same  lot 
with  a tenement  house  so  as  to  decrease 
the  minimum  size  of  courts  or  yards  as 
hereinbefore  prescribed.  And  If  any 
tenement  house  Is  hereafter  erected  upon 
any  lot  upon  which  there  is  already  an- 
other building,  it  shall  comply  with  all  of 
the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  and  in  ad- 
dition the  space  between  the  said  build- 
ing and  the  said  tenement  bouse  shall  be 
of  such  size  and  arranged  in  such  manner 
as  is  prescribed  in  this  section,  the  height 
of  the  highest  building  on  the  lot  to  regu- 
late the  dimensions. 

Rooms,  lighting;  and  ventilation  of. 

Sec.  62.  Iif  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  every  room,  except  water- 
closet  compartments  and  bath-rooms, shaii 
have  at  least  one  window  opening  directly 
upon  the  street  or  upon  a yard  or  court 
of  the  dimensions  specified  in  sections 
fifty-two  to  sixty  of  this  chapter,  and 
such  window  shall  he  so  located  as  to 
properly  light  all  portions  of  such  rooms. 
In  addition  to  the  above  requirement,  in 
tenement  bouses  hereafter  erected  no 
apartment  of  three  rooms  or  less 
shall  extend  in  depth  from  the 
street  or  yard.  as  the  case 
may  be,  for  a greater  distance  than 
eighteen’  feet  without  the  intervention  of 
an  inner  or  outer  court  adjoining  said 
room,  constructed  as  required  by  this 
chapter.  Wherever  a room  in  a tenement 
house  hereafter  erected  opens  upon  an 
inner  court  less  than  ten  feet  wide, 
measured  from  the  lot  line  to  the  oppo- 
site wall  of  the  building,  such  room  shall 
be  provided  with  a sash  window,  com- 
municating with  another  room  in  the 
same  apartment,  such  window  to  contain 
not  less  than  ten  square  feet  of  glazed 
surface,  and  to  be  made  so  as  to  readily 
open.  No  tenement  house  shall  be  60 
altered  that  any  room  or  public  hall  or 
stairs  shall  have  its  light  or  ventilation 
diminished  in  any  way  not  approved  by 
tbe  department  charged  with  the  enforce- 
ment of  this  article. 

Windows  in  room*. 

Sec.  63.  In  every  tenement  bouse  here- 
after erected  the  total  window  area  la 
each  room,  except  water-closet  compart- 
ments and  bath-rooms,  shall  be  at  least 
one-tenth  jot  the  superficial  area  of  the 
room,  and  the  top  at  least  of  one  window 
shall’  not  be  less  than  seven  feet  six 
inches  above  the  floor,  and  the  upper 
half  of  it  shall  be  made  so  as  to  open 

he  full  width.  No  such  window  shall  be 
less  than  twelve  square  feet  in  area  be- 
tween the  top  beads. 

Rooma,  »lie  of. 

Sec.  64.  In  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  all  rooms,  except  wat«r- 
closet  compartments  and  bath-rooms, 
shall  be  of  the  following  minimum  sizes: 
Tn  each  apartment  there  shall  be  at  least 
one  room  containing  not  less  than  one 
hundred  and  twenty  squaia  feet  of  floor 
area,  and  each  other  room  shall  contain 
at  least  seventy  square  feet  of  floor  area. 
Each  room  shall  be  in  every  part  not 
less  than  nine  feet  high  from  the  finished 
floor  to  tbe  finished  celling;  provided 
that  an  attic  room  need  be  nine  feet  high 
in  but  one-half  of  its  area. 

Alcoves  and  alcove  rooms. 

Sec.  65.  An  alcove  In  any  room  la  a 
tenement  house  hereafter  erected  shaV  ha 
separately  lighted  and  ventilated  as  gro- 


THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW. 


19 


ridel  1b  sections  aixty-two  and  aixty- 
three,  and  shall  ba  not  less  than  seventy 
square  feet  in  area.  No  part  of  any  r*  m 
in  a tenement  house  hereafter  erected 
shall  be  enclosed  or  subdivided  at  any 
time,  wholly  or  In  part,  by  a curtain, 
portiere,  fixed  or  movable  partition  or 
other  contrivance  or  device,  unless  such 
part  of  the  room  so  enclosed  or  subdi- 
vided shall  contain  a window  as  required 
by  sections  sixty-two  and  sixty-three  of 
this  chapter,  and  a floor  area  of  not  less 

than  seventy  square  feet. 

Pablie  balls.  — sya.s-- 

S<fc.  66.  In  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected,  which  is  occupied  or  ar- 
ranged to  be  occupied  by  more  than  two 
families  on  any  floor,  or  which  exceeds 
four  stories  and  cellar  in  height,  every 
public  hall  shall  have  at  least  one  win- 
dow opening  direotly  upon  the  street  or 
upon  a yard  or  court.  Either  such  win- 
dow shall  be  at  the  end  of  said  hall,  with 
the  plane  of  the  window  at  right  angles 
to  the  axis  of  said  hall  or  there  shall 
he  at  least  one  window  opening  directly 
upon  the  street  or  upon  a yard  or  court 
in  every  twenty  feet  in  length  or  fraction 
thereof  of  said  ball;  but  this  provision 
for  one  window  in  every  twenty  feet  of 
hallway  shall  not  apply  to  that  portion 
•f  the  entrance  hall  between  the  en- 
trance and  the  first  flight  of  stairs,  pro- 
vided that  the  entrance  door  contains 
not  less  than  five  square  feet  of  glazed 
surface.  In  every  public  hall  in  such 
Tenement  house  recesses  or  returns  the 
length  of  which  does  not  exceed  twice 
their  width  will  be  permitted  without  an 
additional  window.  But  wherever  the 
length  of  such  recess  or  return  exceeds 
twice  Its  width  the  above  provisions  in 
reference  to  one  window  in  every  twenty 
feet  of  hallway  shall  be  applied.  Any 
part  of  a hall  which  is  shut  off  from  any 
other  part  of  said  hall  bv  a door  or 
doors  shall  be  deemed  a separate  hall 
within  the  meaning  of  this  section.  In 
every  tenement  house  hereafter  erected 
where  the  public  hall  is  not  provided 
with  a window  opening  directly  to  the 
outer  air  as  above  provided,  there  shall 
be  a stair-well  not  less  than  twelve 
inches  wide  extending  from  the  entrance  , 
floor  to  the  roof,  and  all  doors  leading  i 
from  aueh  public  halls  shall  be  provided 
with  translucent  glass  panels  of  an  area 
of  not  less  than  five  square  feet  for  each 
■loor,  and  alao  with  fixed  transoms  of 
translucent  glass  over  each  door. 

Windows  nnrf  skylights  for  pnhllr 

bolls,  sis*  of. 

Sec.  67.  In  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  one  at  least  of  the  windows  ! 
provided  to  light  each  public  hall  or  part 
thereof  shall  be  at  least  two  feet  s.x 
Inches  wide  and  five  feet  high,  measured 
between  stop  beads.  In  every  such  house 
there  shall  he  in  the  roof,  dlrectlv  vor 
each  stair-well,  a ventilating  skylight 
provided  with  ridge  ventilators  having  a 
minimum  opening  of  forty  square  Inches, 
or  such  skylight  shall  be  provided  with 
fixed  or  movable  louvres;  the  glazed  roof 
of  Mfch  skylight  shall  be  not  less  lhan 
twemy  square  feet  In  area.  In  tenement 
houaea  hereafter  erected  when  the  atalrs 
and  public  halls  aro  not  provided  with 
windows  on  each  floor  opening  directly 
to  the  outer  air,  the  skylights  shall  be 
provided  with  both  such  ridge  ventilators, 
and  also  with  fixed  or  movable  louvres  or 
movable  saihes. 

Windows  for  stair  halls,  slsr  of. 

flee.  68.  In  every  tenement  bouse  here- 
after erected  the  aggregate  area  of  win- 
dow* to  light  or  ventilate  etelr  halls  ahsll 
ha  at  least  eighteen  equare  feet  for  each 
floor.  Thore  shall  b#  provided  for  each 
atory  at  least,  one  of  aald  windows,  which 
shall  bo  at  least  two  and  a half  feet  wide 
and  fire  feet  high,  measured  between  the 
stop  beads.  A sash  door  shall  be  deemed 
the  equivalent  of  a window  In  this  sec- 
tion and  sections  sUty-alx  and  alxty- 
sevaa  of  this  chapter,  provided  that  sijrb 
door  contains  the  amount  of  glazed  sur- 
face prescribed  for  such  windows. 


Sec.  69.  In  every  apartment  of  three  or 
more  rooms  in  a tenement  house  here- 
after erected,  access  to  every  living  room 
and  bedroom  and  to  at  least  one  water- 
closet  compartment  shall  be  had  without 
passing  through  any  bedroom. 

Percentage  of  lot  occupied* 

Sec.  70.  No  tenement  house  shall  here- 
after be  enlarged,  or  its  lot  be  dimin- 
ished. so  that  a greater  percentage  of  the 
lot  shall  be  occupied  by  buildings  or 
structures  than  provided  in  section  fifty 
of  this  chapter,  the  measurements  may 
be  taken  at  the  level  of  the  second  tier 
of  beams;  provided  that  the  space  occu- 
pied by  fire-escapes  of  the  size  herein!-#* 
tore  prescribed,  and  by  chimneys  or  flues 
located  in  yards  and  attached  to  the 
houses  which  do  not  exceed  five  square 
feet  in  area  and  do  not  obstruct  light  or 
ventilation,  shall  not  be  deemed  a part 
of  the  lot  occupied. 

Varda. 

Sec.  71.  No  tenement  house  shall  here- 
after be  enlarged  or  it3  lor  be  diminished, 
so  that  the  yard  shall  be  less  in  depth 
than  the  minimum  depths  prescribed  ir 
sections  fifty-two,  fifty-three,  fifty-four 
and  fifty-five  of  this  chapter  for  tenement 
houses  hereafter  erected.  The  measure- 
ments in  all  cases  shall  be  taken  from 
the  extreme  rear  wall  of  the  building  to 
the  rear  lot  line,  and  across  the  full 
width  of  the  lot,  and  such  yard  shall  he 
at  every  point  open  from  the  ground  to 
the  sky,  except  as  provided  in  sections 
fifty-two  and  seventy  of  this  chapter. 

Additional  room*  and  linlls. 

Sec.  72.  Any  additional  room  or  hali 
that  is  hereafter  constructed  or  created 
in  a tenement  house  shall  comply  in  all 
respects  with  the  provisions  of  this  arti- 
cle. except  that  such  rooms  may  be  of  the 
aame  height  as  the  other  rooms  ou  the 
same  story  of  the  house. 

Rooms,  Ughtinfi  and  ventilation  of. 

Sec.  73.  No  room  in  a tenement  house 
existing  on  April  eleventh,  nineteen  hun- 
dred and  one.  shall  be  occupied  for  liv- 
ing purposes  unless  it  shall  have  a window 
opening  directly  upon  the  street,  or  upon 
a yard  not  less  than  four  feet  deep,  or 
above  the  roof  of  an  adjoining  building, 
or  upon  a court  or  shaft  of  not  less 
than  twenty  square  feet  in  area,  open 
to  the  sky  without  roof  or  skylight,  un- 
less such  room  is  located  on  the  top 
Poor  end  is  adequately  lighted  and  ven- 
tured by  a skylight  opening  directly  to 
the  outer  air.  Every  room  which  does 
not  comply  with  the  above  provisions 
shall  be  provided  with  a eash  window, 
opening  into  an  adjoining  room  in  the 
same  apartment  which  latter  room  either 
opens  directly  on  the  street  or  on  a yard 
of  the  above  dimensions,  or  Itself  con- 
nects by  a similar  sash  window  or  series 
of  windows  with  such  an  outer  room. 
Said  sash  window  shall  be  a vertically- 
sliding  pulley-hung  sash  not  less  than 
three  feet  by  five  feet  between  stop  beads, 
both  halves  shall  be  made  so  as  to  readily 
open,  and  the  lower  half  shall  he  glazed 
with  translucent  glass,  and  so  far  as 
possible  it  shall  be  In  line  with  windows 
in  outer  rooms  opening  on  the  street  or 
yard  so  as  to  afford  a maximum  of  light 
and  ventilation.  Where  It  Is  not  possible 
to  construct  a window  of  this  width,  then 
such  window  may  be  of  such  size  as  may 
be  prescribed  by  the  department  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  chapter. 
An  alcove  opening  of  no  less  dimensions 
than  said  sash  window.  In  addition  to  the 
usual  door  opening,  shall  he  deemed  Its 
equivalent.  In  the  case  of  rooms  located 
In  apartment*  that  extend  through  from 
the  street  to  the  yard,  thus  ensuring 
through  ventilation,  where  such  rooms 
are  already  provided  either  with  windows, 
window  openings,  glsss  sliding  doors,  or 
large  aleove  openings  to  adjoining  rooms 
but  do  not  comply  with  all  the  provision.; 
of  this  section,  the  department  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  chapter  when 
satisfied  that  no  material  Urrrovement 


in  the  light  and  ventilation  of  such  rooms 
can  be  had  that  would  warrant  the  pro- 
viding of  new  windows  of  the  size  and 
kind  specified,  may  permit  the  occupancy 
of  such  rooms  for  living  purposes  in  the 
following  cases,  provided  such  improve- 
ments or  alterations  as  may  be  practi- 
cable and  as  are  required  by  said  depart- 
ment. are  made  by  the  owner: 

(1.)  Where  there  is  an  existing  win- 
dow or  window  opening  from  such  inter- 
ior room  to  au  adjoining  room  and  such 
window  or  opening  is  not  less  than  ten 
square  feet  in  area. 

(2.)  Where  there  is  an  existing  glass 
sliding  door  or  an  alcove  opening  of  su  - 
ficient  size  from  such  interior  room  to  an 
adjoining  room. 

(3.)  Where  rooms  located  on  the  top 
floor  open  upon  an  air  shaft  of  less  size 
than  twenty  square  feet  or  closed  at  the 
lop,  bui  such  rooms  have  sufficient  light 
and  ventilation 

M.)  7\  here  owing  to  tne  size  of  parti- 
tions, arrangem  nt  of  rooms,  location  of 
fixed  closets  or  s(a(rs.  or  the  interposi- 
tion of  air  shafts,  it  is  impracticable  in 
provide  a window  of  the  required  siz* 
and  a window  as  large  as  practicable  is 
provided. 

In  all  tenement  houses,  whenever 
erected,  the  department  charged  with  the 
enforcement  of  this  chapter  may  require 
the  walls  and  ceilings  of  every  room  that 
doe3  not  open  directly  on  the  street,  to 
he  lealsomined  white  or  painted  with 
white  paint  when  necessary  to  improve 
i he  lighting  of  such  room  and  may  re- 
quire this  to  be  .-enewed  as  often  as  mar 
he  necessary.  (As  amended  bv  Chapter 
"34,  Laws  of  1909.) 

l'uhlle  halls,  lighting;  of.  " -*t- 

Ser.  74.  In  every  tenement  house  four- 
stones  or  over  in  height,  whenever  a 
public  hall  on  any  floor  is  not  light, 
enough  in  the  day  time  to  permit  a per- 
son to  read  in  every  part  thereof  with- 
out the  aid  of  artificial  light,  the  wooden 
panels  in  the  doors  located  at  the  ends 
of  the  public  halls  aDd  opening  Into 
rooms  shall  be  removed,  and  ground  glass, 
or  other  translucent,  glass  or  wire  glass 
panels  or  an  aggregate  area  of  not  less 
than  four  square  feet  for  each  door  shall 
he  substituted;  or  in  lieu  of  removing 
the  panels  in  the  dors  a fixed  sash  win- 
dow of  wire  glr.ss  of  an  area  of  not  less 
than  five  square  feet  may  be  cut  into  the 
partitions  separating  the  said  hall  from 
a room  which  opens  directly  upon  the 
street  or  upon  a yard,  court,  or  shaft  of 
the  dimensions  specified  in  the  last  seo- 
' >on;  or  said  public  hall  may  be  lighted 
by  a window  or  windows  at  the  end  there- 
of with  the  plane  of  the  window  at  right 
angles  to  the  axis  of  the  said  hall,  said 
window  opening  upon  the  street  or  upon 
a yard,  court,  or  shaft  of  said  dimensions 
In  every  such  house  where  the  public 
balls  and  stairs  are  not  provided  with 
windows  opening  directly  to  the  street  ©r 
yard,  and  such  halls  and  stairs  are,  in 
the  opinion  of  the  department,  chafged 
with  ihe  enforcement  of  this  chapter, 
not  sufficiently  lighted,  the  owner  of  soeh 
house  shall  keep  a proper  light  burning 
in  the  hallway,  near  the  stairs,  uponaaob 
floor,  as  may  he  necessary,  from  aunrls# 
to  sunset. 

Light  anil  went  shafts  In  axlitlag 

buildings* 

Sec.  75.  Any  shaft  used  or  ^tended  to 
be  used  to  light  or  ventilate  rooms  used 
or  Intended  to  be  used  for  living  pur- 
poses, and  which  may  be  hereafter  placed 
In  a tenement  bouse,  erected  prior  to 
April  tenth,  nineteen  hundred  and  one, 
shall  not  be  less  In  area  lhan  twenty-five 
square  feet,  nor  less  than  four  feet  In 
width  In  any  part,  and  such  abaft  shall 
under  no  circumstances  be  roofed  or  cov- 
ered over  at  the  top  with  a roof  or 
skylight;  every  such  shaft  shall  ba  pro- 
vided at  the  bottom  with  a hori- 
zontal Intake  or  duct,  of  a size 
not.  )e<s  than  four  square  feet,  and  com- 
municating directly  with  the  street  or 
yard,  and  such  duct  shall  be  so  arranged 
aa  to  be  easily  cleaned  out. 


20 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


Pnblic  balls.  r *** 

Sec.  76.  In  every  tenement  house  a 
proper  light  shall  be  kept  burning  by  the 
owner  in  the  public  hallways,  near  the 
stairs,  upon  the  entrance  floor,  and  upon 
the  second  floor,  above  the  entrance  floor 
of  said  house,  every  night  from  sunset  to 
sunrise  throughout  the  year,  and  upon 
all  other  floors  of  the  said  house  from 
sunset  until  ten  o’clock  in  the  evening. 

Skylights  and  ventilators. 

Sec.  77.  In  all  tenement  houses  erected 
prior  to  April  tenth,  nineteen  hundred 
and  one,  the  public  halls  and  stairs  shall 
be  provided  with  such  skylights,  ventila- 
tors, windows  in  bulkheads  or  other 
means  of  light  and  ventilation  as  may  be 
deemed  practicable  by  the  department 
charged  with  the  enforcement  of  this 
chapter.  All  new  skylights  hereafter 
placed  in  such  houses  shall  be  provided 
with  ridge  ventilators  having  a minimum 
opening  of  forty  square  inches  and  also 
with  either  fixed  or  movable  louvres  ol 
with  movable  sashes  and  shall  be  of  such 
size  as  may  be  determined  to  be  prac- 
ticable by  said  department.  (As  amend- 
ed by  Chapter  364,  Laws  of  1909.) 

Chimneys  and  fireplace*. 

Sec.  78.  In  every  tenement  house  there 
shall  be  adequate  chimneys  running 
through  every  floor  with  an  open  fireplace 
or  grate,  or  place  for  a stove,  properly 
connected  with  one  of  said  chimneys  for 
every  apartment. 

Vent  shafts. 

Sec.  79.  Every  vent  shaft  hereafter  con- 
structed in  a tenement  house  shall  be  at 
least  twenty  square  feet  in  area,  and  the 
least  dimenson  of  such  shaft  shall  not  be 
less  than  four  feet;  and  if  the  building  be 
above  sixty  feet  in  height  such  shaft  shall 
throughout  its  entire  height  be  increased 
in  area  three  square  feet  for  each  addi- 
tional twelve  feet  of  height  or  fraction 
thereof:  and  for  each  twelve  feet  of 

height  less  than  sixty  feet  such  shaft  may 
be  decreased  in  area  three  square  feet.  A 
vent  shaft  may  be  inclosed  on  all  four 
sides  but  shall  not  be  roofed  or  covered 
over  in  any  way.  Every  such  shaft  shall 
be  provided  with  a horizontal  intake  or 
duct  at  the  bottom,  communicating  with 
the  street  or  yard  or  with  a court;  such 
duct  or  intake  to  be  not  less  than  four 
square  feet  in  total  area,  and  to  be  so 
arranged  as  to  be  easily  cleaned  out. 

ARTICLE  V. 

SANITARY  PROVISIONS.  wT  , 

Section  90.  Basements  and  cellars. 

91.  Shafts,  courts,  areas  and 

yards. 

92.  Water  supply. 

93.  Water  closet  accommoda- 

tions. 

94.  Plumbing. 

95.  Basements  and  cellars. 

96.  Janitor’s  apartments  in  cel- 

lars. 

97.  Water  closets. 

98.  Publio  sinks. 

99.  Privy  vaults,  school  sinks  and 

water  closets. 

100.  Basements  and  cellars. 

101.  Cellar  walls  and  ceilings. 

102.  Repairs. 

103.  Water  supply". 

104.  Cleanlness’  of  buildings. 

105.  Shafts  and  courts. 

106.  Walls  of  courts  and  shafts. 

107.  Wall  paper. 

108.  Receptacles  for  ashes,  gar- 

bage and  refuse. 

109.  Prohibltied  uses. 

110.  Janitor  or  housekeeper. 

111.  Overcrowding. 

Basement*  and  cellar*. 

Sec.  90.  (1)  In  tenement  houses  here- 
after erected  no  room  In  the  cellar 
or  in  the  basement  shall  be  constructed, 
altered,  converted  or  occupied  for  living 
purposes,  unless  all  of  the  following  con- 
ditions are  complied  with: 

a.  Such  room  shall  be  at  least  nine 
leet  high  in  every  part  from  the  floor  to 


the  ceiling.  Provided,  that  in  buildings 
already  erected  and  not  now  used  as  tene- 
ment houses  but  hereafter  altered  or  con- 
verted to  such  use,  such  room  shall  be 
not  less  than  seven  feet  high  in  every 
part. 

b.  The  ceiling  of  such  rooms  shall  be  in 
every  part  at  least  four  feet  and  six 
inches  above  the  curb  level  of  the  street 
in  front  of  every  part  of  such  room, 
when  such  room  or  the  apartment  con- 
taining it  is  located  in  the  front  part  of 
the  building;  when,  however,  such  room 
or  the  apartment  containing  it  is  located 
in  the  rear  of  the  building,  the  ceiling 
thereof  shall  be  not  less  than  two  feet 
above  the-  curb  level  of  the  street  in  front 
of  the  building,  and  the  yard  and  courts 
upon  which  such  room  or  apartment  opens 
shall  extend  to  a point  below  the  floor 
level  of  said  room,  as  prescribed  in  sec- 
tion ninety-one  of  this  chapter.  Every 
such  room  shall  be  an  integral  part  of  an 
apartment  containing  a room  having  a 
window  opening  directly  to  the  street  or 
yard.  There  shall  be  not  more  than  one 
apartment  in  any  cellar  and  this  shall  con- 
tain not  more  than  five  rooms  and  bath, 
and  shall  be  occupied  solely  by  the  jani- 
tor and  his  family,  and  no  other  rooms  in 
the  cellar  shall  be  occupied  for  living  or 
sleeping  purposes.  No  part  of  such 
apartment  shall  be  located  more  than 
twenty-five  feet  distant  from  the  inner 
line  of  the  front  or  rear  wall  of  the 
building,  as  the  case  may  be. 

c.  There  shall  be  appurtenant  to  such 
room  the  use  of  a separate  water  closet, 
constructed  and  arranged  as  required  by 
section  ninety-three  of  this  chapter. 

d.  Such  room  shall  have  a window  or 
windows  opening  upon  the  street,  or  upon 
a yard  or  court.  The  total  area  of  win- 
dows in  such  room  shall  be  at  least  one- 
eighth  of  the  superficial  area  of  the  room, 
and  the  upper  half  of  the  window  shall  be 
made  to  open  the  full  width,  by  means  of 
a vertically  sliding  pulley-hung  sash,  and 
the  under  side  of  the  top  stop  bead  of 
each  window  shall  be  within  twelve  inches 
of  the  ceiling.  No  such  windows  shall 
be  less  than  twelve  square  feet  in  area 
between  the  stop  beads. 

e.  All  walls  surrounding  such  room  shall 
be  damp-proof. 

f.  The  floor  of  such  room  shall  be 
damp-proof  and  water-proof. 

(2.)  Every  tenement  house  hereafter 
erected  shall  have  all  walls  below  the 
ground  level  and  all  cellar  or  lower  floors 
damp-proof  and  water-proof.  When  nec- 
essary to  make  such  walls  and  floors 
damp-proof  and  water-proof,  the  damp- 
proofing and  water-proofing  shall  run 
through  the  walls  and  up  the  same  as 
high  as  the  ground  level  and  shall  be 
continued  throughout  the  floor,  and  the 
said  cellar  or  lowest  floor  shall  be  prop- 
erly constructed  so  as  to  prevent  damp- 
ness or  water  from  entering.  All  cellars 
and  basements  in  such  tenement  houses 
shall  be  properly  lighted  and  ventilated 
to  the  satisfaction  of  the  department 
charged  with  the  enforcement  of  this 
chapter. 

Slinfte,  court*,  area*  and  yard*. 

Sec.  91.  In  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  the  bottom  of  all  shafts, 
courts,  areas  and  yards  which  extend  to 
the  basement  for  light  or  ventilation  of 
living  rooms  must  be  six  inches  below 
the  floor  level  of  the  part  occupied  or  in- 
tended to  be  occupied.  In  every  tenement 
house  all  shafts,  courts,  areas  and  yards 
shall  be  properly  graded  and  drained,  and 
connected  with  the  street  sewer  so  that 
all  water  may  pass  freely  Into  It.  And 
when  required  by  the  department  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  chapter  they 
shall  be  properly  concreted. 

Water  supply. 

Sec.  92.  In  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  there  shall  be  in  each 
apartment  a proper  sink  with  running 
water. 

Wnter-elo*et  accommodation*. 

Sec.  93  In  every  tenement  house  here- 
after erected  there  shall  be  a separate 


water-closet  In  a separate  compartment 
within  each  apartment,  provided  that 
where  there  are  apartments  consisting  of 
but  one  or  two  rooms,  there  shall  he  et 
least  one  water-closet  for  every  three 
rooms.  Every  water-closet  and  bath  here- 
after placed  in  any  tenement  house  shall 
be  placed  in  a compartment  completely 
separated  from  every  other  water-closet 
and  bath;  such  compartment  shall  be  not 
less  than  two  feet  and  four  inches  wide, 
and  shall  be  inclosed  with  plastered  par- 
titions, which  shall  extend  to  the  ceiling. 

In  tenement  houses  erected  after  April 
tenth,  nineteen  hundred  and  one,  such 
compartments  shall  have  a window  open- 
ing directly  upon  the  street  or  yard,  or 
upon  a court  or  vent  shaft.  In  tenement 
houses  erected  prior  to  April  tenth,  nine- 
teen hundred  and  one.  snch  compartment 
shall  have  a window  opening  directly  npon 
the  street,  or  upon  a yard  not  less  than 
four  feet  deep,  or  upon  a court  or  shaft 
of  not  less  than  twenty-five  square 
feet  in  area,  open  to  the  sky 
without  roof  or  skylight.  Every  such 
window  shall  be  at  least  one  foot  by 
three  feet  between  stop  beads,  and  the 
entire  window  shall  be  made  so  as  to 
readily  open.  'When,  however,  such 
water-closet  compartment  is  located  on 
the  top  floor  and  is  lighted  and  ventilated 
by  a skylight  over  it,  or  is  located  at  the 
bottom  of  a shaft  or  court  of  lawful  size, 
and  is  lighted  and  ventilated  by  a sky- 
light over  it  at  the  bottom  of  such  shaft 
or  court,  no  window  shall  be  neces- 
sary provided  the  roof  of  such  skylight 
contains  at  least  three  square  feet  of 
glazed  surface  and  is  arranged  so  as  to 
readily  open.  Nothing  in  this  section  in 
regard  to  the  separation  of  water-closet 
compartments  from  each  other  shall  appiy 
to  a general  toilet  room  containing  sev- 
eral water-closets  hereafter  placed  in  a 
tenement  house  provided  such  water- 
closets  are  supplemental  to  the  water- 
closet  accommodations  required  by  law 
for  the  use  of  the  tenants  of  the  said 
house.  Nothing  in  this  section  in  regard 
to  the  ventilation  of  -water-closet  com- 
partments shall  apply  to  a water-closet 
hereafter  placed  in  a tenement  house, 
where  it  iB  provided  to  replace  a defective 
fixture  in  the  same  position  and  loca- 
tion. No  water-closet  shall  be  main- 
tained in  the  cellar  of  any  tenement 
house  without  a special  permit  in  writ- 
ing from  the  department  charged  with  the 
enforcement  of  this  chapter,  which  shall 
have  power  to  make  rules  and  regulations 
governing  the  maintenance  of  such  clps- 
etc.  Every  water-closet  compartment 
hereafter  placed  in  any  tenement  house 
shall  be  provided  with  proper  means  of 
lighting  the  same  at  night.  If  fixtures  for 
gas  or  electricity  are  not  provided  in  said 
compartment,  then  the  door  of  said  com- 
partment shall  be  provided  with  translu- 
cent glass  panels,  or  with  a translucent 
glass  transom,  not  less  In  area  than  four 
square  feet.  The  floor  of  every  such  wa- 
ter-closet compartment  shall  be  made  wa- 
terproof with  asphalt,  tile,  stone  or  some 
other  waterproof  material;  and  such  wa- 
terproofing shall  extend  at  lea^  six 
Inches  above  the  floor  so  that  said 
floor  can  be  washed  or  flushed  out  with- 
out leaking.  No  drip  trays  shall  be  per- 
mitted. No  water-closet  fixtures  shall  b* 
Inclosed  with  any  woodwork. 

Plumbing. 

Sec.  94.  In  every  tenement  bouse  here- 
after erected  all  plumbing  pipes  shall  be 
exposed,  when  so  required  by  the  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  this  chapter.  In  all  tenement  houses 
hereafter  erected  where  plumbing  or 
other  pipes  pass  through  floors  or  parti- 
tions, the  openings  around  such  pipes 
shall  ho  sealed  or  made  air-tight  with 
plaster  or  other  incombustible  materials, 
so  as  to  prevent  the  passage  of  air  or  th* 
spread  «f  fire  from  one  floor  to  another 
or  from  room  to  room. 

Basement  and  cellar  mama. 

Sec.  95.  Hereafter  in  any  tenement 
house  no  room  in  the  basement  or  cel* 


21 


■ .1  THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW. 


lar  Aha  LI  be  occupied  tor  living  purposes 
without  * written  permit  trom  the  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  this  chapter  and  such  permit  shall 
be  kept  readily  accessible  in  the  main 
living  room  of  the  apartment  containing 
suah  room.  And  no  such  room  in  a tene- 
ment house  erected  prior  to  April  tenth, 
nineteen  hundred  and  one,  shall  here- 
after be  occupied  unless  ail  the  following 
conditions  are  complied  with.  The  said 
written  permit  shall  be  issued  when  all 
of  said  conditions  are  complied  with, 
if  refused,  the  reason  for  such  refusal 
shall  he  stated  by  said  department  in 
writing,  and  a copy  thereof  shall  be 
kept  in  a proper  book  in  the  office  of 
said  department,  and  he  accessible  to 
the  public. 

(1.)  Such  room  shall  be  at  least  seven 
feet  high  in  every  part  from  the  floor  to 
the  ceiliug, 

(2.)  The  ceiling  of  such  room  shall  be 
in  every  part  at  least  two  fee:  above 
the  surface  of  the  street  or  ground  out- 
side of  or  adjoining  the  same. 

(S.)  There  shall  he  appurtenant  to  such 
room  the  use  of  a watercloset. 

f4.)  There  shall  be  outside  of  and  ad- 
joining such  room,  and  extending  along 
the  entire  frontage  of  at  least  one  of  tne 
rooms  of  the  apartmenr,  an  open  space 
of'  at  least  two  feet  six  inches  wide  in 
every  part,  unless  such  room  extends 
for  more  than  one-half  of  its  height  above 
ihe  curb  level.  Such  space  shall  he 
well  and  effectually  drained. 

(5.)  At  least  one  of  the  rooms  of  the 
apartment  of  which  such  room  is  an  in- 
tegral part,  shall  have  a window  or 
windows  opening  directly  to  the  street 
or  yard,  of  at  least  twelve  square  feet 
ju  size  clear  of  the  sash  frame,  and 
which  shall  have  been  made  to  readily 
open  for  purposes  of  ventilation. 

(6.)  If  the  house  is  situated  over  mars V/ 
ground,  or  ground  on  which  water  lies, 
or  ground  on  which  there  is  water  pres- 
sure from  beiow,  the  lowest  floor  shall 
have  beeu  made  waterproof  and  damp- 
proof. 

(7.)  Such  room  shall  have  sufficient 
light  and  ventilation,  shall  be  well 
drained  and  dry,  and  shall  be  fit  for 
human  habitation. 

In  the  case  of  rooms  located  in  tene- 
ment bouses  erected  prior  to  April  tenth, 
nineteen  hundred  and  one.  which  do 
not  comply  with  all  the  provisions  of 
subdivisions  one,  two  and  four  of  ihis 
section,  the  department  charged  with 
the  enlorcement  of  this  chapter  may  is- 
sue a special  permit  for  occupancy  pro- 
vided said  department  shall  certify  in 
writing  that  such  rooms  have  sufficient 
light  and  ventilation,  are  well  drained 
sad  dry,  and  are  fit  for  human  habita- 
tion. The  procedure  in  such  cases  shall  ) 
be  as  follows:  Upon  receipt  of  a writ-  I 
ten  request  from  the  owner  stating  that 
tbere  are  rooms  In  the  basement  or  cel- 
lar which  are  or  have  been  previously 
occupied  for  living  purposes,  but  which 
do  not  conform  to  the  requirements  of 
subdivisions  one,  two  aud  four  of  this 
section,  and  requesting  a special  permit 
for  the  occupancy  of  such  rooms,  the  de-  > 
pertinent  charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  th's  chapter  shall  cause  an  Inspec- 
tion to  be  made,  and  a written  report 
Died  which  shall  state  the  respects  In 
which  said  rooms  do  not  conform  to  the  | 
requirements  of  said  subdivisions  and 
whether  said  rooms  have  sufficient  light 
and  ventilation,  are  well  drained  and  dry 
and  are  fit  for  human  habitation.  No 
such  special  permit,  however,  shall  be 
Issued  unless  such  facta  are  certified  to 
In  writing  separately  by  at  least  two  Id-  i 
spectors  of  said  department.  Such  spe- 
cial permits  shall  be  .'niued  only  by  the 
head  of  the  department  or  his  deputies, 
who  may  require  such  Improvements  or 
alterations  In  said  rooms,  as  may  be 
practicable  as  a condition  precedent  to 
the  granting  of  said  special  permit.  All 
teports  aDd  papers  connected  therewith 
shall  be  deemed  public  records.  (As 
amended  by  Chapter  354.  Ixiwt  of  )■ 


Janitor's  apartments  in  cellar. 

Sec.  96.  In  a tenement  house  erected 
prior  to  April  tenth,  nineteen  hundred  and 
one,  where  there  is  an  apartment  in  the 
cellar  now  occupied  by  the  janitor  and 
his  family,  and  the  rooms  of  said  apart- 
ment do  not  conform  to  all  the  provisions 
of  section  ninety-five  of  this  chapter,  upon 
written  certification  by  the  department 
charged  with  the  enforcement  of  this 
chapter,  of  the  number  of  said  rooms  and 
of  the  fact  that  said  department  has  re- 
ceived from  the  owner  of  said  tenement 
house  satisfactory  evidence  of  the  exist- 
ence of  said  apartment  and  its  use  for 
such  purpose  prior  to  April  tenth,  nine- 
teen hundred  and  one,  and  upon  the  filing 
in  the  gaid  department  by  the  owner  of 
said  house  of  a written  instrument  declar- 
ing his  intention  to  permanently  abandon 
the  use  of  said  rooms  for  such  purpose, 
and  upon  their  complete  abandonment  by 
said  owner  and  the  removal  of  the  parti- 
tions forming  them  and  of  all  plumbing 
and  fixtures  therein  or  used  in  connection 
therewith,  the  said  department  may  issue 
a written  permit  to  the  owner  of  said 
tenement  house,  permitting  the  construc- 
tion of  a new  apartment  in  said  cellar 
under  the  following  conditions: 

(1) . — Its  use  shall  be  limited  solely  to 
the  janitor  and  his  family. 

(2) . — It  ihall  not  contain  a greater 
number  of  rooms  than  the  apartment 
aforementioned  nor  in  any  case  more  than 
four  rooms  and  bath. 

(3) . — It  shall  conform  to  all  the  provi- 
sions o.  subdivisions  one.  three,  six  and 
seven  of  section  ninety-five  of  this  chap- 
ter. 

(4) . — At  least  one  room  in  said  apart- 
ment shall  have  a window  opening  direct- 
ly upon  a yard  not  less  than  ten  feet  deep 
In  every  part  and  every  portion  of  said 
yard  shall  extend  i,own  below  the  floor 
of  such  .com  and  said  yard  shall  be  well 
and  effectually  drained. 

(5) . — Every  other  room  In  said  apart- 
ment shall  have  a window  openine  direct- 
ly upon  such  a yard  x»r  upon  a court  or 
shaft  open  to  the  skv  without  roof  or  sky- 
light. and  not  less  than  twentv-flve  square 
feet  in  area  nor  less  than  four  feet  in  its 
least  horizontal  dimension  measured  from 
wall  to  wall.  Every  portion  of  such 
court  or  shaft  shall  extend  down  below 
the  floor  of  such  room,  and  shall  be  well 
and  effectually  drained.  If  inclosed  on 
four  sides,  such  court  or  shaft  shall  be 
provided  with  a horizontal  intake  con- 
structed as  is  required  for  Inner  courts 
in  subdivision  three  of  section  fifty-eight 
of  this  chapter. 

(6) . — Every  portion  of  each  room  In  said 
apartment  shall  he  entirely  above  the 
level  of  the  adjoining  yaxd.  court  or  shaft. 

Waler-cloneti. 

Sec.  9i.  In  all  tenement  houses  existing 
on  April  eleventh,  nineteen  hundred  and 
one.  the  woodwork  Inclosing  all  water- 
closets  shall  be  removed  from  the  front  of  ■ 
said  closets,  and  the  space  underneath  | 
the  seat  shall  be  left  open.  The  floor  nr 
other  surface  beneath  and  around  the  1 
closet  shall  be  maintained  in  good  order  ! 
and  repair  and  If  of  wood  shall  be  kept 
well  painted  with  light  colored  paint. 

I’ublle  sinks. 

Sec.  98.  In  all  tenement  houses  exist- 
ing on  April  eleventh,  nineteen  hundred 
and  one.  the  woodwork  Inclosing  sinks  lo- 
cated In  the  public  halla  or  stairs  shall 
be  removed,  and  the  space  underneath 
said  sinks  shall  be  left  open.  The  floors  | 
and  wall  surfaces  beneath  and  around  the 
sink  shall  he  maintained  In  good  order 
and  repair,  and  If  of  wood  shall  be  kept 
well  painted  with  light  colored  paint. 

Privy  vnnlts,  school  sinks  and 
antrr>rlnse|s, 

Sec.  99.  in  all  tenement  houses  existing 
on  April  eleventh,  nineteen  hundred  and 
one,  where  a connection  with  « sewer  Is 
possible,  all  school  sinks,  privy  vaults  or 
other  similar  receptacles  used  to  receive 
fecal  matter,  urlDe  or  sewage,  shall  be- 
fore January  first,  rloc.een  hundred  and 
I three,  he  completely  removed  and  th°  ' 


place  where 'they  were  located  properly 
disinfected  under  the  direction  of  the  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  this  chapter.  Such  appliances  shall  be 
replaced  by  individual  watei-closets  of 
durable  non-absorbent  material,  properly 
sewer  connected,  and  with  individual 
traps,  and  properly  connected  flush  tanks 
providing  ;n  ample  "ush  of  water  to  thor- 
oughly cleanse  the  bowl.  Each  water- 
closet  shall  be  located  in  a compartment 
completely  separated  horn  every  other 
water-closet,  and  such  compartment  shall 
contain  a window  of  not  less  than  three 
square  feet  in  area  opening  directly  to  the 
outer  air.  The  floois  of  the  water-closet 
compartments  shall  be  waterproof  as  pro- 
vided in  section  ninety-three  of  this  chap- 
ter. Where  water-clossts  are  placed  in 
the  yard  to  replace  school  sinks  or  privy 
vaults  long  hopper  closets  mav  be  used: 
hut  all  traps,  flush  tanks  and  pipes  shall 
be  protected  against  the  action  of  frost. 
In  such  cases,  the  structure  containing 
the  water-closets  shall  not  exceed  ten  feet 
in  height:  and  shall  not  be  considered  as 
increasing  the  percentage  of  the  lot  oc- 
cupied nor  shall  it  be  subject  to  the  pro- 
visions of  section  sixty-one  of  this  chap- 
ter, nrovided  that  it  dees  not  occupy  more 
than  fifty  per  centum  of  the  open  space  or 
yard  in  which  n is  placed,  and  provide’, 
further  that  the  use  of  said  structure  Is 
limit’d  solely  la  u-ater-rloset  purposes. 
Such  structure  shall  be  provided  with  a 
ventilating  skylight  in  the  roof,  of  „n 
adequate  and  each  water-closet  shall 
he  located  in  a compartment  completely 
separate!  from  every  other  water-closet. 
Proper  and  a.,  quale  means  for  lightl.ig 
the  structure  at  night  shall  be  nrovided. 
There  -all  b-  Provided  at  least  one 
water-closet  for  every  two  families  in 
every  tenement  house  existing  on  April 
eleventh,  niu?  een  hundred  and  one.  Ex- 
cept as  In  this  section  otherwise  pro- 
vided such  water-closets  aud  all  plumb- 
ing in  connection  therewith  shall  oo 
in  accordance  with  the  ordinances  and 
regulations  in  relation  to  plumbing  and 
drain:  re 

Hu  *r  meet  nml  cellars. 

Sec.  loo.  The  floor  of  the  cellar  or 
lowest  floor  of  every  tenement  house 
shall  be  free  from  dampness  and,  when 
necessary,  shall  be  concreted  with  four 
inches  of  concrete  of  good  quality  and 
with  a finished  surface.  The  cellar  cell- 
ing of  every  tenement  house  shall  be 
plastered,  when  so  required  by  the  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  this  chapter,  except  where  such  ceiliug 
is  already  well  sheathed  with  matched 
boards  or  well  covered  with  a metal 
ceiling  or  where  the  first  floor  above  the 
cellar  is  constructed  of  iron  beams  and 
fireproof  filling. 

Section  7.  Section  one  hundrtl  and 
twenty-one  of  said  chapter  Is  hereby 
amended  to  read  as  follows:  (As  amended 
by  Chapter  354.  Uws  of  1909.) 

Cellar  null*  ■■■<!  celling*. 

Sec.  101.  The  cellar  walls  and  ceilings 
of  every  tenement  house  shall  be  thor- 
oughly whitewash. d cr  painted  a light 
color  by  the  owner  «nu  shall  be  so  main- 
tained. Such  whitewash  or  paint  shall  he 
renewed  whenever  necessary,  us  may  be 
required  bv  the  department  charged  with 
the  enforcement  of  ihls  chapter. 

l(e  pa  Ira. 

See.  102.  Every  tenement  house  and 
all  the  parts  thereof  shall  be  kept  In 
good  repair,  and  the  roof  shall  be  kept 
so  as  not  to  leak,  and  all  rain  water 
shall  be  so  drained  and  conveyed  there- 
from As  to  prevent  Its  dripping  on  to  ib. 
ground  or  causing  dampness  In  the  walls 
ceilings,  yards  or  areas. 

Water  ■■■|i|>lv. 

Sec,  103.  Every  tenement  house  shall 
have  water  furnished  In  sufficient  quan- 
tity at  one  or  more  places  on  each  floor 
occupied  by  or  Intended  to  bo  occupied 
by  one  or  more  families.  The  owner  shall 
provide  proper  and  suitable  tanks,  pumps 
or  other  appliances  to  receive  nml  to  dls- 
1 ‘ i'  • re  nd«'|>n<»  and  sufficient  supply 


22 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF,  NEW  YORK. 


of  such  water  at  each  floor  in  the  said 
house,  at  all  times  of  the  year,  during 
all  hours  of  the  day  and  night.  But  a 
failure  in  the  general  supply  of  water 
by  the  city  authorities  shall  not  be  con- 
strued to  be  a failure  on  the  part  of  such 
owner,  provided  that  proper  and  suitable 
appliances  to  receive  and  distribute  such 
water  have  been  provided  in  said  house. 


Cleanliness  of  bnlldingi. 


Sec.  104.  Every  tenement  house 
and  every  part  thereof  shall  be 

kept  clean  and  free  from  any  a - 

cumulation  of  dirt,  filth  or  garbage 
or  other  matter  in  or  on  the  same, 
or  In  the  yards,  courts,  passages,  areas 
or  alleys  connected  with  or  belonging  to 
the  same.  The  owner  of  every  tenement 
house  or  part  thereof  shall  thoroughly 
cleanse  all  the  rooms,  passages,  stairs, 
floors,  windows,  doors,  walls,  ceilings. 


privies,  water  closets,  cesspools,  drains, 
halls  cellars,  roofs  and  all  other  parts  of 
the  said  tenement  house,  or  part  of  the 
house  of  which  he  is  the  owner,  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  department  of  health, 
and  shall  keep  the  said  parts  of  the  said 
tenement  house  in  a cleanly  condition  at 
all  times.  No  person  shall  place  filth, 
urine  or  fecal  matter  in  any  place  In  a 
tenement  house  other  than  that  provided 
for  the  same,  or  keep  filth,  urine  or  fecal 
matter  in  his  apartment  or  upon  his 
premises  such  length  of  time  as  to  create 
a nuisance.  . ..  . . 


Shafts  and  courts. 

Sec  105.  In  every  tenement  house 
there  shall  be,  at  tbe  bottom  of  every 
shaft  and  inner  court,  a door  giving  suf- 
flcent  access  to  such  shaft  or  court  to 
enable  it  to  be  properly  cleaned  out.  In 
shafts  or  courts  of  a less  size  than  pre- 
scribed in  section  fifty-eight,  subdivisions 
one  and  two.  of  this  chapter,  such  door 
shall  be  fireproof  and  self-closing.  Pro- 
vided, that,  where  there  is  already  a win- 
dow or  door  in  a tenement  house,  giving 
proper  access  to  such  shaft  or  court,  such 
window  or  door  shall  be  deemed  suf- 


ficient. 


Walla  of  courts  and  shafts. 

Sec.  106.  The  walls  of  all  yard  courts, 
inner  courts  and  shafts  unless  built  of  a 
light  color  brick  or  stone  shall  be  thor- 
oughly whitewashed  by  the  owner  or 
shall  be  painted  a light  color  by  him, 
and  shall  be  so  maintained.  Such  white- 
wash or  paint  shall  be  renewed  whenever 
necessary,  as  may  be  required  by  tbe  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  this  chapter. 

Wall  paper. 

Sec  107.  No  wall  paper  shall  he  placed 
upon’ a wall  or  ceiling  of  any  tenement 
house  unless  all  wall  paper  shall  be  first 
removed  therefrom  and  said  wall  and 
celliDg  thoroughly  cleaned. 

Receptacle*  for  ashes,  sarliage  and 
refuse. 

Sec.  108.  The  owner  of  every  tenement 
house  shall  provide  for  said  building 
proper  and  suitable  conveniences  or  re- 
ceptacles for  ashes,  rubbish,  garbage, 
refuse  and  other  matter. 

Prohibited  use*. 

Sec,  109.  No  horse,  cow,  calf,  swine, 
sheep  or  goat  shall  be  kept  in  a tenement 
house,  or  on  the  same  lot  or  premises 
thereof,  and  no  tenement  bouse,  or  the 
lot  or  premises  thereof  shall  be  used  for 
a lodging  house  or  stable,  or  for  the 
storage  or  handling  of  rags.  Except  that, 
outside  of  the  fire  limits,  not  more  than 
two  horses  may  be  kept  on  such  lot  or 
premises,  provided  they  are  stabled  at 
least  twenty  feet  distant  from  aoy  build- 
lug  used  for  living  purposes,  aud  that 
such  stabling  la  not  detrimental  to  health 
In  the  opinion  of  the  department  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  chapter. 

Janitor  or  housekeeper. 

•Bee.  110.  "Whenever  there  shall  be  more 
than  eight  families  living  In  any  tenement 


house,  la  which  the  owner  thereof  does 
not  reside,  there  shall  be  a janitor,  house- 
keeper or  some  other  responsible  person 
who  shall  reside  in  said  house  and  have 
charge  of  the  same,  if  the  department 
charged  with  the  enforcement  of  this 
chapter  shall  so  require.  „ _ u. 

Overcrowding. 

Sec.  111.  No  room  In  any  tenement 
house  shall  be  so  overcrowded  that  there 
shall  be  afforded  less  than  four  hundred 
cubic  feet  of  air  to  each  adult,  and  two 
hundred  cubic  feet  of  air  to  each  child 
under  twelve  years  of  age  occupying  such 
room. 

ARTICLE  VI. 


REQITREMEXTS  AXD  REMEDIES. 


Sec.  120. 

Permit  to  commence  build- 
ing. 

121. 

Certificate  of  compliance. 

122. 

Unlawful  occupation. 

123. 

Enforcement. 

124. 

Penalties  for  violations. 

125. 

Violation  of  building  laws, 
ordinances  and  regulations. 

126. 

Procedure, 

127. 

Liens. 

128. 

Lis  pendens. 

Permit  to  commence  building. 

Sec.  120.  Before  the  construction  or  al- 
teration of  a tenement  house,  or  the  al- 
teration or  conversion  of  a building  for 
use  as  a tenement  house,  is  commenced, 
and  before  the  construction  or  alteration 
of  any  building  or  structure  on  the  tame 
lot  with  a tenement  house,  the  owner,  or 
his  agent  or  architect,  shall  submit  to 
tbe  department  charged  with  the  enforce- 
ment of  this  chapter  a detailed  statement 
in  writing,  verified  by  the  affidavit  of 
the  person  making  the  same,  of  tbe  speci- 
fications for  the  construction  and  for  the 
light  and  ventilation  of  such  tenement 
house  or  building,  upon  a blank  or 
form  to  be  furnished  by  such  depart- 
ment, and  also  a full  and  complete  copy 
of  the  plans  of  such  work.  Such  state- 
ment shall  give  in  full  the  name  and  res- 
idence, by  street  and  number,  of  the  own- 
er or  owners  of  such  tenement  house  or 
building.  It"  such  construction,  alteration 
or  conversion  Is  proposed  to  be  made  by 
any  other  person  than  the  owner  of  the 
land  In  fee,  such  statement  shall  contain 
the  full  name  and  residence,  by  street 
and  number,  not  only  of  the  owner  of 
the  land,  but  of  every  person  Interested 
in  such  tenement  house,  either  as  owner, 
lessee  or  In  any  representative  capacity, 
said  affidavit  shall  allege  that  said  speci- 
fications and  plans  are  true  and  con- 
tain a correct  description  of  such 
tenement  house.  building,  structure, 
lot  and  proposed  work.  The  state- 
ments and  affidavits  herein  provided 
for  may  be  made  by  the  owner,  or 
the  person  who  proposes  to  make  the  con- 
struction, alteration  or  conversion,  or  by 
his  agent  or  architect.  No  person,  how- 
ever. shall  be  recognized  as  the  agent  of 
the  owner,  unless  he  shall  file  with  the 
said  department  a written  instrument, 
signed  by  such  owner,  designating  him  as 
such  agent.  Any  false  swearing  in  a 
material  point  in  any  such  affidavit, 
shall  be  deemed  perjury.  Such  specifica- 
tions. plans  and  statements  shall  be  filed 
in  the  said  department  and  shall  be 
deemed  public  records,  but  no  such  speci- 
fications, plans  or  statements  shall  be  re- 
moved from  said  department.  The  said 
department  shall  cause  all  such  plans  and 
specifications  to  be  examined.  If  such 
plans  and  specifications  conform  to  the 
provisions  of  this  chapter  and  to  the 
building  ordinances  and  regulations  they 
shall  be  approved  by  such  department,  and 
a written  certificate  to  that  effect  shall 
be  Issued  to  the  person  submitting  the 
same.  The  department  may.  from  time  to 
time,  approve  changes  In  any  plans  and 
specifications  previously  approved  by  it, 
provided  the  plans  and  specifications 
when  so  changed  shall  be  In  conformity 
wit'*  law.  The  construction,  altera- 


tion or  conversion  of  aucb  tenement  ■ 
house,  building  or  structure  or  any  part 
thereof,  shall  not  be  commenced  until 
the  filing  of  such  specifications,  plans  • 
and  statements,  and  the  approval  there- 
of, as  above  provided.  The  construction 
alteration  or  conversion  of  such  faouee, 
building  or  structure,  shall  be  in  accord- 
ance with  such  approved  specifications 
and  plans.  Any  permit  or  approval  which 
may  be  Issued  by  the  department  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  chapter  but 
under  which  no  work  has  been  done  above 
the  foundation  walls  within  one  year  from 
the  time  of  the  Issuance  of  such  permit 
or  approval,  shall  expire  by  limitation. 
Said  department  shall  have  power  to  re- 
voke or  cancel  any  permit  or  approval  in 
case  of  any  failure  or  neglect  to  comply 
with  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  chap- 
ter. or  in  case  any  falsa  statement  or 
representation  is  made  in  any  specifica- 
tions, plans  or  statements  submitted  or 
filed  for  such  permit  or  approval. 

Section  121.  Certificate  of  compliance. 
No  huilding  hereafter  constructed  as  or 
altered  into  a tenement  house  shall  be 
occupied  in  whole  or  in  part  for  human 
habitation  until  tbe  issuance  of  a certifi- 
cate by  the  department  aforesaid  that 
said  building  conforms  in  all  respects  to 
the  requirements  of  this  chapter.  Such 
certificate  shall  be  issued  within  ten 
days  after  written  application  therefor, 
if  said  building  at  the  date  of  such  appli- 
cation shall  be  entitled  thereto. 

Certificate  of  compliance. 

Sec.  121.  No  building  hereafter  con- 
structed as  or  altered  Into  a tenement, 
house  shall  be  occupied  in  whole  or  in 
part  for  human  habitation  until  tbe  is- 
suance of  a certificate  by  the  depart- 
ment aforesaid  that  said  building  con- 
forms in  all  respects  to  the  requirements 
of  this  chapter.  Such  certificate  shall 
be  issued  within  ten  days  after  written 
application  therefor,  if  said  bujldiDg  at 
tbe  date  of  such  application  shall  be 
entitled  thereto.  Such  a certificate,  or 
the  record  in  the  department  aforesaid 
that  such  a certificate  has  been  Issued 
or  a statement  signed  by  the  head  of 
such  department  that  such  a certificate 
has  been  issued,  may  be  relied  upon  by 
every  person  who  in  good  faith  purchase* 
a tenement  house  or  who  in  good  faith 
lends  money  upon  the  security  of  mort- 
gage covering  a tenement  house.  "When- 
ever any  person  has  so  relied  upon  auch 
certificate,  no  claim  that  such  tenement 
house  does  not  conform  in  all  respects 
to  tbe  provisions  of  this  chapter  shall 
be  made  against  such  person  or  against 
the  interest  of  such  person  in  a tene- 
ment house  to  which  such  a eertlflcat# 
applies  or  concerning  which  such  & state- 
ment has  been  Issued.  (As  amended  by 
Chapter  354,  Laws  of  1909.) 

Inlawful  occupatloa. 

Sec.  122.  If  any  building  hereafter  con- 
structed as  or  altered  into  a tenement 
house  be  occupied  in  whole  or  in  part 
for  human  habitation  In  violation  of  the 
last  section,  during  such  unlawful  occu- 
pation any  bond  or  note  secured  by  a 
mortgage  upon  said  building,  or  the  lot 
upou  which  it  stands,  may  be  declared 
due  at  the  option  of  the  mortgagee.  Nh 
rent  shall  be  recoverable  by  tbe  owner 
or  lessee  of  such  premises  for  said 
period,  and  no  action  or  special  proceed- 
ing shall  be  maintained  therefor,  or  for 
possession  of  said  premises  for  non- 
payment of  such  rent.  The  department 
of  water  supply  shall  not  permit  water 
to  be  furnished  in  any  such  tenement 
house,  and  said  premises  shall  be  deemed 
unfit  for  human  habitation,  and  the  de- 
partment of  health  shall  cause  them  to 
be  vacated  accordingly.  Provided,  how- 
ever. that  any  tenement  house  erected 
after  April  tenth,  nineteen  hundred  and 
one,  and  which  has  been  occupied  for 
human  habitation  for  two  years  immedi- 
ately preceding  the  first  day  of  January, 
nineteen  hundred  and  nine.  In  which  to 
changes  or  alterations  have  been  toads 
except  In  compliance  with  this  chapter. 


THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW, 


as 


■ball  be  permitted  to  be  occupied  in  the 
same  manner  as  it  a certificate  had  been 
Issued  that  such  tenement  house  con 
form*  in  all  respects  to  the  requirements 
of  this  chapter,  unless  an  action  or  pro- 
ceeding to  require  it  to  be  vacated  shall 
have  been  brought  within  six  months 
after  the  passage  of  this  act.  (As  amcnd- 
«<i  by  Chapter  351,  Laws  of  1909.) 

Enforcement. 

Sec.  123.  (1.)  Except  as  herein  other- 
wise provided,  the  provisions  of  this 
chapter  shall  be  enforced  by  the  depart- 
ment of  any  city  to  which  this  chapter 
applies,  which  is  now  charged  with  the 
enforcement  of  laws,  ordinances  and  reg- 
ulations relating  to  similar  subject  mat- 
ter In  tenement  houses. 

(2.)  Nothing  in  this  chapter  shall  be 
construed  to  abrogate  or  impair  the  pow- 
ers of  the  department  of  health,  the  de- 
partment of  buildings,  or  of  the  courts, 
to  enforce  any  provisions  of  the  charier 
or  building  ordinances  and  regulations, 
not  Inconsistent  with  this  chapter,  or  to 
prevent  or  punish  violations  thereof. 

Penalties  for  violation*. 

Sec.  121.  Every  person  who  shall  vio- 
late or  assist  la  the  violation  of  any 
provision  of  this  chapter  shall  be  guilty 
of  a misdemeanor  punishable  by  impris- 
onment for  ten  days  for  each  and  every 
day  that  such  violation  shall  continue, 
or  by  a fine  of  not  less  than  ten  dollars 
nor  nuro  than  one  hundred  dollars  if  the 
offense  be  not  wilful,  or  of  two  hundred 
acd  fifty  dollars  If  the  offense  be  wilful, 
and  in  every  case  of  ten  dollars  for  each 
day  after  the  first  that  such  violation 
j^ball  coct  nue.  or  by  both  such  fine  and 
imprisonment  in  the  discretion  of  the 
Court;  provided,  that  the  punishment  for 
a violulou  of  section  one  hundred  and 
forty  of  this  chapter  shall  be  a fine  of 
fifty  dollars;  and  provided  further,  that 
tbe  penalty  for  incumbrance  of  a fire 
escape  by  an  occupant  of  tbe  tenement 
bduse  shall  be  a fine  of  ten  dollars,  which 
the  nearest  police  magistrate  shall  have 
jurisdiction  to  Impose.  The  owner  of  any 
tenement  house  or  part  thereof,  or  of  any 
building  or  structure  upon  the  same  lot 
with  a tenement  house,  or  of  tbe  said  lot, 
where  any  violation  of  this  chapter  or 
a nuisance  exists,  and  any  person  who 
shall  violate  or  assist  in  violating  aoy 
provision  of  this  chapter,  or  any  notice 
or  order  of  the  department  charged  with 
Its  enforcement,  shall  also  Jointly  and 
severally  for  each  such  violation  and 
each  such  nuisance  be  subject  to  a civil 
penalty  of  fifty  dollars.  Such  persons 
eball  also  be  liable  for  all  costs,  expenses 
sod  disbursements  paid  or  incurred  by 
said  department,  by  any  of  tbe  officers 
thereof  or  by  any  agent,  employee  or  con- 
tractor of  tbe  tame.  In  the  removal  of  any 
such  nuisance  or  Violation.  Any  person 
who  having  been  served  with  a non- 
or  order  to  remove  any  auch  nuisance  or 
violation,  shall  fail  to  comply  with  said 
notice  or  order  within  five  days  after 
such  service,  or  (hall  continue  to  violate 
aoy  provision  or  requirement  of  thi' 
chapter  In  the  respect  named  In  sa  d 
notice  or  order,  shall  alio  be  subject  to 
a civil  penalty  of  two  hundred  and  fifty 
dollars.  For  tbe  recovery  of  any  such 
penalties,  costs,  expenses  or  disburse- 
ments, an  action  may  be  brought  In  any 
court  of  civil  Jurisdiction  in  said  cities. 
In  case  tbe  notice  required  by  section 
one  hundred  and  forty  of  this  chapter  is 
not  filed,  or  In  case  the  owner,  lessee  or 
other  person  baring  control  of  such  tene- 
ment bouse  does  not  reside  within  the 
state,  or  cannot  after  diligent  effort  be 
served  with  process  therein,  tbe  exist- 
ence of  • nuisance  or  of  any  violation  of 
this  chapter,  or  of  any  violation  of  an  or- 
der or  a notice  made  by  said  department, 
In  said  tensment  house  or  on  tbe  lot  on 
which  It  la  situated,  shall  subject  said 
tenement  house  and  lot  to  a penalty  of 
two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars.  Said  pen- 
alty shall  be  a Hen  upon  said  house  and 
let.  xv—  ‘ 


Violation  of  bnildlngr  lavra,  ordin- 
ances and  regulations. 

Sec.  125.  Any  owner,  agent,  architect, 
builder,  contractor,  sub-contractor  or 
foreman  who  shall,  in  the  construction 
or  alteration  of  any  building  intended  to 
be  used  as  a tenement  house,  knowingly 
violates  any  of  the  provisions  of  the 
building  laws,  ordinances  or  regulations 
shall  be  guilty  of  a misdemeanor. 

Procedure, 

Sec.  126.  Except  as  herein  otherwise 
specified,  the  procedure  for  the  preven- 
tion of  violations  of  this  chapter,  or  for 
the  vacation  of  premises  unlawfully  oc- 
cupied, or  for  other  abatement  of  nui- 
sance in  connection  with  a tenement 
house,  shall  be  as  set  forth  in  charter 
and  ordinances.  In  case  any  tenement 
house,  building  or  structure  or  any  part 
thereof  is  constructed,  altered,  converted 
or  maintained  in  violation  of  any  provis- 
ion of  this  chapter  or  of  any  order  or 
notice  of  the  department  charged  with 
its  enforcement,  or  in  case  a nuisance 
exists  in  any  such  tenement  house,  build- 
ing or  structure  or  upon  the  lot  on  which 
it  is  situated,  said  department  may  in- 
stitute any  appropriate  action  or  pro- 
ceeding to  prevent  such  unlawful  con- 
struction, alteration,  conversion  or  main- 
tenance, to  restrain,  correct  or  abate 
such  violation  or  nuisance,  to  prevent  the 
occupation  of  said  tenement  house,  build- 
ing or  structure,  or  to  prevent  any  il- 
legal act,  conduct  or  business  in  or  about 
such  tenement  house  or  lot.  In  any  such 
action  or  proceeding  said  department 
may,  by  affidavit  setting  forth  the  facts, 
apply  to  the  supreme  court,  or  to  any 
justice  thereof,  for  an  order  granting  the 
relief  tor  which  said  action  or  proceed- 
ing is  brought,  or  for  an  order  enjoining 
all  persons  from  doing  or  permitting  to 
be  done  any  work  in  or  about  such  tene- 
ment house,  building,  structure  or  lot.  or 
from  occupying  or  using  the  same  for  any 
purpose,  until  the  entry  of  final  judgment 
or  order.  In  case  any  notice  or  order 
Issued  by  said  department  is  noc  com- 
plied with,  said  department  may  apply 
to  the  supreme  court,  or  to  any  Justice 
thereof,  for  an  order  authorizing  said 
department  to  execute  and  carry  out  the 
provisions  of  said  notice  or  order,  to 
remove  any  violation  specified  In  said 
notice  or  order,  or  to  abate  any  nuisance 
In  or  about  such  tenement  house,  build- 
ing or  structure,  or  the  lot  upon  which 
It  Is  situated.  The  court,  or  any  justice 
thereof,  is  hereby  authorized  to  make 
any  order  specified  in  this  section.  In 
no  case  shall  the  said  department  or  any 
officer  thereof  or  the  city  be  liable  for 
costs  In  any  action  or  proceeding  that 
may  be  commenced  in  pursuance  of  this 
chapter.  In  an  action  to  establish  a lieu 
under  this  chapter,  the  procedure  shall  be 
a3  set  forth  In  sections  one  hundred  and 
forty-three  and  one  hundred  and  fifty- 
five  to  one  hundred  and  sixty  of  this 
chapter.  The  Judgment  In  any  such  ac- 
tion may  provide  for  the  sale  of  said 
property,  and  for  such  other  remedies 
to  secure  the  enforcement  thereof  as  the 
court  may  deem  proper. 

I,  leu*. 

Sec.  127.  Every  fine  Imposed  by  Judg- 
ment under  section  one  hundred  and 
twenty-four  of  this  chapter  upon  a tene- 
ment house  owner  shall  be  u lien  upon 
the  house  In  relation  to  which  the  fine 
Is  Imposed  from  the  time  of  the  filing  i 
of  a certified  copy  of  said  Judgment  In  | 
the  office  of  the  clerk  of  the  county  In 
whb  h said  tenement  house  Is  Situated,  I 
subject  only  to  taxes,  assessments  and  I 
water  rales  and  to  such  mortgage  and  I 
mechanics’  liens  us  may  exist  thereof 
prior  to  such  filing;  and  It  shall  be  the 
duty  of  the  department  of  health  upon 
the  entry  of  said  Judgment,  to  forthwith 
file  tne  copy  ns  t.foresald,  and  such  copy, 
upon  such  filing,  shall  be  forthwith  In- 
dexed by  the  clerk  lu  the  Index  of  me- 
chanics' liens. 


Lis  pendens. 

Sec.  128.  In  any  action  or  proceeding 
instituted  by  the  department  charged 
with  the  enforcement  of  this  chapter,  the 
plaintiff  or  petitioner  may  file  In  the 
county  clerk’s  office  of  the  county  where 
the  property  affected  by  such  action  or 
proceeding  is  situated,  a notice  of  the 
pendency  of  such  action  or  proceeding. 
Said  notice  may  be  filed  at  the  time  of 
the  commencement  of  the  action  or  pro- 
ceeding, or  at  any  time  afterwards  be- 
fore final  Judgment  or  order,  or  at  any 
time  after  the  service  of  any  notice  or 
order  issued  by  said  department.  Such 
notice  shall  have  the  same  force  and  ef- 
fect as  the  notice  of  pendency  of  action 
provided  for  in  the  code  of  civil  pro- 
cedure. Each  county  clerk  with  whom 
such  notice  is  filed  shall  record  It.  and 
shall  index  it  to  the  name  of  each  per- 
son specified  in  a direction  subscribed  by 
the  corporation  counsel.  Any  such  notice 
may  be  vacated  upon  the  order  of  a 
judge  or  justice  of  the  court  in  which 
such  action  or  proceeding  was  Instituted 
or  is  pending,  or  upon  the  consent  in 
writing  of  the  corporation  counsel.  Tha 
clerk  of  the  county  where  such  notice  la 
filed  is  hereby  directed  to  mark  such 
notice  and  any  record  or  docket  thereof 
as  canceled  of  record,  upon  the  presen- 
tation and  filing  of  such  consent  or  of  * 
certified  copy  of  such  order. 

ARTICLE  VII. 

REGISTRY  OF  NAMES  AND  SERVICE} 

OF  PAPERS. 

Section  140.  Registry  of  owner's  name. 

141.  Registry  of  agent’s  name. 

142.  Service  of  notices  and  or- 

ders. 

143.  Service  of  summons. 

144.  Indexing  names. 

Registry  of  owner's  name. 

Sec.  140.  Every  owner  of  a tenement 
house  and  every  lessee  of  the  whole 
house,  or  other  person  having  control  of 
a tenement  house,  shall  file  in  the  de- 
partment charged  with  the  enforcement 
of  this  chapter,  a notice  containing  hia 
name  and  address,  and  also  a descrip- 
tion of  the  property,  by  street  number 
or  otherwise,  as  the  case  may  be,  iu  such 
manner  as  will  enable  the  department 
charged  with  the  enforcement  of  this 
chapter  easily  to  find  the  same;  and  also 
the  number  of  apartments  in  each  house, 
the  number  of  rooms  In  each  apartment, 
and  the  number  of  families  occupying 
the  apartments.  In  case  of  a transfer  of 
any  tenement  house.  It  shall  be  the  duty 
of  the  grantor  or  grantee  of  said  tene- 
ment house  to  file  in  the  department 
charged  with  the  enforcement  of  this 
chapter  a notice  of  such  transfer,  stating 
the  name  of  the  new  owner,  within  thirty 
days  after  such  transfer.  In  case  of  the 
devolution  of  said  property  by  will.  It 
shall  be  ihe  duty  of  the  executor  and  the 
devisee.  If  more  than  twenty-one  years 
of  age,  and  in  case  of  the  devolution  of 
such  properly  by  inheritance  without  a 
will.  It.  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  heirs,  or 
In  case  all  of  the  heirs  are  under  age.  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  guardians  of  such 
heirs,  and  In  case  said  heirs  have  no 
guardians,  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
administrator  of  the  deceased  owner  of 
sail  property  to  file  in  said  department 
a notice,  stating  the  death  of  the  de- 
ceased owner,  and  the  names  of  those 
who  have  succeeded  to  Ills  Interest  In 
said  property,  within  thirty  days  after 
the  death  of  the  decedent,  In  case  he 
died  Intestate,  and  within  thirty  days 
after  Ihe  probate  of  his  will,  if  he  dleJ 
testate,  .i  . 

Registry  of  iiger.l'*  name. 

Sec.  141.  livery  owner,  agent  or  lessee  of  a 
tenement  house  may  file  In  the  department 
health  a lot  Ice  containing  the  name  and 
addrs  ofl  'll  agent  of  such  house,  for 
the  purpose  of  receiving  service  of  pro- 
ceaa,  and  elso  a description  of  tbe  prop- 
s' 


24 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 

- V--" ^ . # 


erty  by  street  mimber  or  otherwise,  as 
the  ease  may  be,  in  such  manner  as  will 
enable  the  department  of  health  easily 
to  find  the  same.  The  name  of  the  owner 
or  lessee  may  be  filed  as  agent  for  this 


Service  of  notices  and  orders.  1 ^ 

Sec.  142.  Every  notice  or  order  in  rela- 
tion to  a tenement  house  shall  be  served 
five  days  before  the  time  for  doing  the 
thing  iff  relation  to  which  It  shall  have 
been  issued.  The  posting  of  a copy  oi 
such  notice  or  order  in  a conspicuous 
place  in  the  tenement  house,  together 
with  the  mailing  of  a copy  thereof,  on  the 
same  day  that  it  is  posted,  to  each  per- 
son, if  any,  whose  name  has  been  filed 
with  the  department  of  health  iff  accord- 
ance with  the  provisions  of  sections  one 
hundred  and  forty  and  one  hundred  and 
forty-one  of  this  chapter,  at  his  address 
as  therewith  filed,  shall  be  F'i  ' cut  ser- 
vice thereof.  ^ 

Service  of  Humiuona. 

Sec.  143.  In  any  action  brought  by  affy 
city  department  in  relation  to  a tenement 
house  for  injunction,  vacation  of  the 
premises  or  other  abatement  of  nuis- 
ance, or  to  establish  a lien  thereoff,  It 
shall  be  sufficient  service  of  the  sum- 
mons to  serve  the  same  as  notices  and 
orders  are  served  under  the  provisions  of 
the  last  section;  provided,  that  if  the  ad- 
dress of  any  agent  whose  name  and  ad- 
dress have  been  filed  in  accordance  with 
the  provision's  of  section  one  hundred  and 
forty-one  of  this  chapter  is  in  the  city  in 
which  the  tenement  house  is  situated,  then 
a copy  of  the  summons  shall  also  be  de- 
livered at  such  address  to  a person  of 
proper  age,  if  upon  reasonable  applica- 
tion admittance  can  be  obtained  and  such 
person  found;  affd  provided  also,  that 
personal  service  of  the  summons  upon 
the  owner  of  such  tenement  house  shall 
be  sufficient  service  thereof  upon  him. 

Indexing  names. 

Sec.  144.  The  names  nu-  filed 

In  accordance  with  sections  one  hundred 
and  forty  and  one  hundred  and  forty-one 
shall  be  indexed  under  direction  of  the 
registrar  of  records  of  the  department 
of  health,  in  such  a manner  that  all  of 
those  filed  in  relation  to  each  tenement 
house  shall  be  together,  and  readily  as- 
certainable. The  board  of  health  shall 
provide  the  registrar  with  the  necessary 
hooks  and  clerical  assistance  for  that 
purpose,  and  the  expense  thereof  shall  be 
paid  by  the  city.  Said  indexes  shall  be 
public  records,  open  to  public  inspection 
during  business  hours 


ARTICLE  VIII. 


PROSTITUTION  IN"  TENEMENT 
HOUSES 


Sec. 

130. 

Vagrancy. 

151. 

Lien. 

152. 

Permission  of  lessee. 

153. 

Permission  of  owner. 

154. 

Rules  of  evidence. 

155. 

Title  of  action  and  parties. 

156. 

Jurisdiction  and  procedure. 

157. 

Judgment. 

158. 

Sale  of  property. 

159. 

Receivership. 

160. 

Cancellation  of  notice  of  pen- 
dency of  action. 

Vagrancy. 

, ; : . • — •— «- 

Sec. 

150. 

A woman  who  knowingly  re- 

sides 

in  a 

house  of  prostitution  of  any 

description 

In  a tenement  house  or  who 

commits  prostitution  or  indecently  ex- 
poses her  person  for  the  purpose  of  pros- 
titution in,  or  who  solicits  any  man  or 
boy  to  enter  a house  of  prostitution  or  a 
room  in  a tenement  house  for  the  purpose 
of  prostitution,  shall  be  deemed  a va- 
grant, and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall 
be  committed  to  the  county  jail  for  a 
term  not  exceeding  six  months  from  the 
date  of  commitment.  The  procedure  in 
■uch  case  shall  be  the  same  i’§  1 1 “ t 


vided  by  law  for  other  cases  of  vagrancy. 
Lien. 

Sec.  151.  A tenement  house  shall  be 
subject  to  a penalty  of  one  thousand  dol- 
lars, if  it  or  any  part  of  it  shall  be  used 
for  the  purpose  of  a house  of  prostituth  n 
or  assignation  of  any  description,  with 
the  permission  of  the  owner  thereof,  or 
his  agent,  and  said  penalty  shall  be  a 
lien  upon  the  house  and  the  lot  upon 
which  the  bouse  is  situated. 

Permission  of  lessee. 

Sec.  152.  If  a tenement  house,  or  any 
part  thereof,  shall  be  used  for  the  pur- 
pose of  a house  of  prostitution  or  assig- 
nation of  any  description  with  the  permis- 
sion of  the  lessee  of  the  whole  of  said 
tenement  house,  or  his  agent,  the  lease 
shall  be  terminable  at  the  election  of  the 
lessor.  And  the  owner  shall  be  entitled 
to  recover  possession  of  said  tenement 
house  by  summary  proceedings  in  the 
manner  provided  by  title  two  of  chapter 
seventeen  of  the  code  of  civil  procedure 

Permission  of  owner.  ' 

Sec.  153.  A tenement  house  shall  be 
deemed  to  have  been  used  for 
the  purpose  specified  in  the  last 
two  sections  with  the  permission  of  the 
owner  and  lessee  thereof,  if  summary 
proceedings  for  the  removal  of  the  ten- 
ants of  said  tenement  house,  or  of  so 
much  thereof  as  is  unlawfully  used,  shall 
not  have  been  commenced  within  five 
days  after  notice  of  such  unlawful  use, 
served  by  the  department  of  health  in  the 
manner  prescribed  by  law  for  the  serv- 
ice of  notices  and  orders  in  to 

tenement  houses. 

Rales  of  evidence. 

Sec.  154.  In  a prosecution  against  an 
owner  or  agent  of  a tenement  house  un- 
der section  eleven  hundred  and  forty-six 
of  the  penal  law,  or  in  an  action  to  es- 
tablish a lien  under  section  one 
hundred  and  fifty-one  of  this  chap- 
ter, the  general  reputation  of  the 

premises  in  the  neighborhood  shall 
be  competent  evidence,  but  shall  not 
be  sufficient  to  support  a judgment 
without  corroborative  evidence,  and  it 
hall  be  presumed  that  their  use  was 
vith  the  permission  of  the  owner  and 
(essee;  provided,  that  such  presum;-'  on 
may  be  rebutted  by  evidence. 

Title  of  action  and  parties. 

Sec.  155.  Said  action  shall  be  brought 
against  the  tenement  house  as  defendant. 
Said  bouse  may  be  described  in  the  title 
of  the  action  by  its  street  number,  or  in 
any  other  method  sufficiently  precise  to 
secure  identification.  The  property  shall 
be  described  in  the  complaint.  The 
plaintiff,  except  as  hereinafter  provided, 
shall  be  the  department  of  health.  In 
case  any  taxpayer  of  any  city  to  which 
this  chapter  applies,  shall  request  such 
department  in  writing  to  institute  an  ac- 
tion under  this  article  against  any  ten- 
ement house  fpecified  in  such  request, 
and  such  department  shall  not  institute 
such  action  within  ten  days  after  receiv- 
ing such  request,  then  any  taxpayer  of 
said  city  may  institute  and  maintain 
such  action  against  such  tenement  house 
in  his  own  name,  and  in  such  case  the 
court  may  in  its  discretion  require  se- 
curity for  costs. 

Jurisdiction  and  procedure. 

Sec.  156.  Said  action  shall  be  brought 
in  the  supreme  court  in  the  county  in 
which  the  property  is  situated.  At  or 
before  the  commencement  of  the  action 
the  complaint  shall  be  filed  in  the  office 
of  the  clerk  of  the  county,  together  with 
a notice  of  the  pendency  of  the  action, 
containing  the  names  of  the  parties,  the 
object  of  the  action  and  a brief  descrip- 
tion of  the  property  affected  thereby.  Said 
notice  shall  be  Immediately  recorded  by 
the  clerk  In  accordance  with  the  pro- 
visions of  section  sixteen  hundred  and 
seventv-two  of  the  code  of  civil  proced- 
ure. The  owner  or  lessee  of  said  build- 
ki."e  .aPW. •aasr.p ri'D'i r t»  said  action 


and  answer  or  demur  to  the  complalat 
and  the  subsequent  proceedings  tm  the 
action  shall  be  the  same  as  In  other  ac- 
tions brought  to  establish  a lien  or  in- 
cumbrance upon  real  property,  and  the 
action  shall  be  entitled  to  a preference 
In  the  trial  or  hearing  thereof.  * p 

Judgment.  "4 

Sec.  157.  The  Judgment  In  such  action, 
if  in  favor  of  the  plaintiff,  shall  establish 
the  penalty  sued  for  as  a lien  upon  said 
premises,  subject  only  to  taxes,  assess- 
ments and  water  rates,  and  to  such  mort- 
gage and  mechanics’  lien  as  may  exist 
thereon  prior  to  the  filing  ot  the  notice 
of  pendency  of  the  actio-  j ' f . 

Sale  of  property.  "J,  , / A ^ 

Sec.  158.  At  any  time  alter  the  entry 
of  any  judgment  establishing  a lien  upon 
tenement  property  the  department  of 
health,  if  there  be  no  stay  pending  appeal 
may  apply  to  the  court  for  leave  to  sell 
such  property.  Upon  such  application 
the  court,  it  if  deem  advisable,  may  or- 
der such  property  to  be  sold  at  public 
auction,  subject  to  taxes,  assessments 
and  water  rates  and  to  such  mortgage 
and  mechanics’  liens  as  aforesaid.  The 
deed  to  the  purchaser  shall  be  made  by 
the  department  of  health.  The  justices 
of  the  appellate  division  of  the  supreme 
court  of  any  judicial  department  may  es- 
tablish rules  of  practice  which  shall  be 
followed  by  such  department  of  health  ia 
the  conduct  ot  said  sales  In  said  de- 
partment. 

Receivership. 

Sec.  159.  Whenever  the  lien  or  liens 
upon  a tenement  property,  established 
by  judgment,  shall  amount  to  one  thous- 
and dollars  or  over,  if  there  be  no  stay 
pending  appeal,  the  department  of  health 
shall  appoint  a receiver  of  the  rents  and 
profits  of  said  property.  Said  receiver 
shall  give  security  for  the  performance 
of  his  duties  in  the  manner  and  form 
fixed  by  said  department.  He  shall 
have  the  powers  and  duties  of  a receiver 
of  rents  and  profits  of  real  estate  ap- 
pointed by  the  supreme  court;  provided 
that  the  corporation  counsel  shall  act  as 
his  counsel  and  that  he  shall  not  be  al- 
lowed any  expenditure  for  counsel  fees, 
and  provided,  that  his  commissions  shall 
be  ten  per  centum  of  his  collections, 
which  sum  shall  be  full  compensation  for 
his  services  and  those  of  any  agent  or 
agents  whom  he  may  employ.  Said  re- 
ceivership shall  continue  until  the 
amount  of  said  liens,  with  interest  there- 
on at  the  rate  of  six  per  centum,  and  of 
said  commissions,  have  been  fully  paid; 
provided,  that  no'hing  in  this  section 
shall  be  construed  to  prevent  any  prior 
lienor  from  applying  to  the  court  in  a 
proper  case  for  a receiver  of  the  prop- 
erty. 

Cancellation  of  notice  of  feadney 
of  action. 

Sec.  160.  If  an  action  to  establish  a 
lien  upon  tenement  property  terminate 
otherwise  than  in  a judgment  establish- 
ing such  a lien,  or  if  said  judgment  be 
fully  paid,  said  notice  may  be  canceled 
in  ihe  manner  prescribed  by  section  one 
thousand  six  hundred  and  seventy-four 
of  the  code  of  civil  procedure. 

ARTICLE  IX. 

APPLICATION'  i LAWS  REPEALED} 
WHEN"  TO  TAKE  EFFECT, 

lection  170.  Application. 

171.  Laws  repealed. 

172.  When  to  take  effect. 

A (i  pi  lea  (loll. 

Sec.  170.  Thi9  chapter  shall  apply  to 
cities  of  the  first  class. 

Lane  repealed.  1 ^ ' t 

Sec.  171.  (1)  All  statutes  of  the  state 

and  ordinances  of  cities  of  the  first  claaa, 
so  far  as  inconsistent  with  the  provision* 
of  this  chapter,  are  hereby  repealed;  pro- 
vided, ;hpt  no*h<>  g in  this  cbep’er  con- 


* THE  TENEMENT  HOUSE  LAW. 


15 


talned  shall  be  construed  as  repealing 
or  abrogating  any  present  law  or  ordin- 
ance in  any  city  of  the  first  class,  fur- 
ther restricting  or  prohibiting  the  occu- 
pation of  cellars,  or  increasing  the 
amount  of  air  space  to  each  individual 
occupying  a room  or  as  prohibiting  any 
future  ordinance  in  respect  thereto. 

(2.)  Of  the  laws  enumerated  in  the 
schedule  hereto  annexed,  that  portion 


specified  In  the  last  column  is  hereby  re- 
pealed". .....  v 

When  t®  take  elect,  - • 

Sec.  172.  This  chapter  shall  take  effect 
immediately. 

SCHEDULE  OF  LAWS  REPEALED. 
Laws  of  Chapter.  Section. 

1901  334  All 

1901  ait  All 

T' 


Regulations  for  the  Construction  of  New  Fire-Escapes. 


. • <ar-- 


B Al.COYY  AND  STAIR  FIRE  ESCAPE 
.TYPE,  t'  f ' ' » 

Baleent.  ».•  » A t V 

“All  fire-escapes  shall  consist  of  out- 
side open  iron  or  stooe  balconies  and 
stairways.”  “All  balconies  shall  be  not 
leas  than  three  feet  in  width”  and  "may 
project  into  the  public  highway  to  a dis- 
tance not  greater  than  four  feet  beyond 
the  building  line.” 

Height  of  railing  shall  be  two  feet 
nine  Inches. 

Landings  at  head  and  foot  of  stairs 
shall  be  at  least  twenty  Inches  by  twen- 
ty Inches. 

Passage  way. 

Fourteen  inches  required  between 
strings  of  stairs  and  wall  or  string  of 
stairs  and  railings,  clear  of  all  projec- 
tions to  a height  of  six  feet  six  inches. 

Twelve  Inches  required  between  hatch- 
wav  and  window  sill. 

Fourteen  inches  required  between 
goose-neck  ladder  and  hatchway  on  up- 
per balcony.  y T 

Floor  slats.  ..  r 

One  and  one-half  Inches  by  three- 
elgbths  inch  wrought  iron  not  more  than 
one  and  one-quarter  Inches  apart. 

Floor  slats  shall  not  project  more 
than  nine  Inches  beyond  bracket  and 
shall  not  rest  on  bottom  rail. 

Floors  must  be  secured  to  brackets  at 
ends  by  two  three-eighths  inch  U or 
clamp  holts  or  floor  slats  must  extend 
under  bottom  return  rails. 

WheQ  floor  slats  are  spliced  they  must 
be  secured  to  four-inch  by  three- 
elghths-lncb  splice  plate  by  a tbree- 
elghths-inch  bolt  or  rivet  (countersunk 
or  round  head)  on  each  side  of  joint. 

Ends  of  floor  slats  must  not  project 
over  stairs  so  as  to  overhang  the  top 
tread  more  than  the  average  Tread  over- 
hangs another  tread  on  a sixty  degree 
s tali' way. 

Battens.  *•  ' 

Ons  and  one-half  tribes  by  three- 
eighths  inch,  not  over  three  feet  apart, 
rivaled  to  slats  by  five-sixteenths  inch 
rivets. 

Battens  must  not  rest  on  brackets. 

Openings, 

'“The  openings  tor  stairways  in  an  bal- 
conies shall  be  not  leas  than  twenty- 
one  by  twenty-eight  inches,  and  shall 
have  no  covers  of  any  kind.” 

Openings  must  be  long  enough  to  give 
at  lees"  six  feet  six  inches  clear  head- 
room on  stairs. 

A guardrail  of  three-quarters  Inch 
round  Iron  shall  be  provided  when  neces- 
sary ground  hatchway  on  top  balconies 
and  be  properly  braced  at  Intervale  of 
three  feet,  and  same  height  as  front 
rail,  leaving  at  least  fourteen  Inches  be- 
tween said  rail  and  strings  of  goose-neck 
ladder  end  well  of  building. 

Said  guard  rail  shall  be  braced  to 
front  top  rail  In  such  matter  as  to  give 
six  feet  six  Inches  headroom  on  stair- 
way. Opening  not  permitted  In  floor  of 
lowest  balcony.  Egress  must  be  from 
gateway  In  front  or  end  rail.  ^ ^ 

Top  rails.  w fMT ' W 

One  sod  three-quarters  Inches  by  one 
l>pif  |»eh  wrought  Iron  or  steel. 


One  and  one-half  inches  by  one-quar- 
ter inch  angle  iron. 

Must  go  through  wall  when  wall  is  of 
brick,  stone  or  concrete,  and  be  secured 
by  washers  four  inches  by  four  inches  by 
three-eighths  inch  and  nut. 

Note. — For  arrangement  as  to  wooden 
buildings  see  below. 

Bolt  ends  must  be  at  least  three-quar- 
ters Inch  In  diameter. 

If  bolt  ends  are  separate  they  must  be 
secured  to  top  rails  by  two  three-eighths 
inch  rivets  or  two  three-eighths  inch 
bolts  well  upset. 

Top  rails  must  be  anchored  In  wall  nine 
Inches  from  window  or  door  opening. 

On  recess  fire-escapes  the  top  rails 
need  not  go  through  the  wall,  but  must 
be  leaded  or  cemented  six  Inches  in  brick 
or  stone  at  least  twelve  inches  from  out- 
side face  of  wall. 

Front  and  return  top  rails,  unless  In 
one  piece,  must  be  secured  at  angle  in 
following  manner  with  lap  joint  by  one 
one-half  inch  rivet  aDd  tie  strap  of  same 
dimension  as  top  rail,  with  one  three- 
eighths  iDch  rivet  in  each  end  of  strap. 
With  butt  joint  by  a triangular  plate  four 
Inches  by  six  inches  by  three-eighths 
inch,  secured  by  two  three-eighths  inch 
rivets  or  burred  bolts  on  each  side  of 
joint. 

Top  rails  may  be  spliced  with  Iron  of 
same  dimensions  as  rails  with  two  three- 
eightbs  inch  rivets  or  bolts  well  burred 
on  each  side  of  splice,  or  may  be  over- 
lapped and  secured  by  two  three-eighths 
inch  bolts  or  rivets. 

Where  front  rails  are  more  than  ten 
feet  long,  they  must  be  braced  with  one 
outside  brace  in  every  ten  feet  or  frac- 
tion thereof  of  running  length.  Said 
braces  must  be  three-quarters  inch 
wrought  iron  properly  spaced  and  must  be 
secured  by  two  three-eighths  inch  rivets 
or  bolts  to  the  extended  brackets  and  by 
one  ibree-eigbths  Inch  rivet  or  bolt  to 
top  rail. 

Up  to  eleven  feet  the  rail  may  be  ac- 
cepted without  additional  bracing  if  well 
secured  to  stairs. 

Bow  braces  and  overhead  braces  will 
not  be  accepted. 

Bottom  rails. 

One  and  one-half  Inch  by  r.nree-eignths 
inch  wrought  iron  or  one  and  one-balf 
inch  by  one-quarter  Inch  angle  Iron. 

Mult  be  leaded  or  cemented  In  walls 
when  of  brick. 

Must  be  secured  by  lugs  to  brackets  by 
three-eigbths  inch  rivets  or  bolts,  well 
burred. 

Must  be  connected  at  angles  by  at  least 
one  tbree-eigbt bs  Inch  rivet  or  holt,  well 
burred. 

May  be  spliced  as  In  esse  of  lop  rails. 

Standards. 

May  not  be  less  thin  one-balf  ln"h 
round  or  aquare.  aer  vertically,  riveted  to  j 
top  and  bottom  rails,  not  more  than  six  I 
Inches  apart  on  centers.  Sueclal  design  j 
must  be  submitted  for  any  variation  auil 
approved  before  work  is  beguu. 

Landing  platform  required  when  low- 
est balcony  Is  over  sixteen  feet  shove 

gronnd  level. 

Shall  not  be  less  than  three  fr»*  by  ' 
three  feet  of  available  landing  spa  ■ 

Shall  not  be  more  than  ten  feet  a! 
the  ground. 

• Construction  shall  b*  the  same  re  t 

k - ... 


Laws  of 

Chapter 

"*  Section. 

1902  

All 

1902  

All 

190;?  

179  .... 

1904  

346  .... 

All 

1904  

19CJ  

AH 

1909  

All 

1907  

622  .... 

>11 

3997  

6S1 

All 

J907  

681  .... 

All 

!»•>*  

All 

Effective  November  1,  1909. 

~ ' " 

balconies,  with  either  an  end  or  front 
rail  where  necessary. 

Stairway  connections  must  be  provided 
with  balconies  above,  as  per  regulations. 

(Raised  iron  grating  will  not  be  per- 
muted, except  over  areawavs.'  , 

Stairways.  * ** 

All  stairways  shall  be  placed  at  av 
angle  of  not  more  than  sixty  degrees, 
with  flat  open  steps  not  leas  than  six 
Inches  in  width  and  twenty  inches  in 
length  and  with  a rise  of  not  more  than 
nine  inches. 

Flat  iron  bars  forming  treads  must  bs 
one  and  one-half  inches  by  one-quarter 
inch,  not  more  than  three-quarters  of  »■ 
inch  apart. 

They  must  be  secured  to  strings  br 
angle  iron  one  and  one-balf  inches  by 
one-quarter  inch,  secured  by  two  five- 
sixteenths  inch  bolts,  burred,  and  slats 
secured  to  angle  irons  by  one-quarter 
inch  rivet  at  each  end. 

All  treads  must  be  set  level  and  must 
not  overhang  so  as  to  Interfere  with  foot 
room  on  tread  below. 

Caution:  Cast  iron  treads  will  not  b* 
accepted.  « > < . y f 

Strings.  ’ i 

Must  be  or  Dar  non  miee-eightbs  inch 
by  four  inches,  and  shall  rest  upon 
bracket  at  bottom,  and  in  all  cases  ba 
bolted  to  brackets  at  top. 

Strings  must  be  braced  by  three-quar- 
ters inch  round  bars,  properly  leaded  or 
secured  by  four  inches  by  three-eighths 
inch  expansion  bolts  in  brick  or  stone 
wall  at  height  of  not  less  than  six  feet 
six  inches  in  the  clear  above  floor  of 
balcony.  t »■ 

Hand  rails.  ^ *■ 

Wrought  iron,  three-quarters  Inch, 
round  or  one  and  one-half  Inches  by 
three-eighths  inch  bar,  well  braced  with 
Intermediate  braces  not  over  five  feet 
apart,  and  of  the  same  size  and  material 
of  hand  rail,  and  secured  to  strings  with 
two  three-eighth  inch  rivets  at  each  end 
and  at  each  brace;  or 

Hand  rails  may  be  secured  to  bottom 
rail  of  upper  balcony  and  top  rail  of 
lower  balcony  by  two  three-eighths  inch 
rivets  at  each  end. 

Double  band  rails  must  be  provided 
when  balconies  are  not  directly  over 
each  other. 

Brackets  and  braces. 

Brackets  must  be  iu  one  piece,  one-half 
Inch  by  one  and  three-quarters  Inches 
wrought  Ivon,  set  edgewise  not  over  four 
feet  apart. 

Should  be  placed  not  less  than  eight 
inches,  nor  more  than  sixteen  Inches  be- 
low w ndow  sill,  except  by  apectal  per- 
mission from  department. 

Must  be  braced  with  three-quarters 
In  a square  braces,  secured  to  bracket 
by  one  three-eighths  inch  rivet  at  a point 
swo-tbiris  of  ienrth  of  bracket  from 
•.veil.  “Tie  brace  when  enterlug  wall  must 
be  leaded  or  cemented  In  brick  or  stone 
and  have  a proper  bearing  on  face  of 
wall. 

When  th«  bracket  brace  has  a knee  or 
heel,  said  beel  must  bear  directly  agalust 
;!:«  wall. 

f w*  tea  are  used  to  obtain  full  bear- 
ng  syil  ist  the  wall,  they  must  be  of  iron 

• t v !|  recured  to  the  brace. 

\ ; jrage  In  or  bracing  with  ©pea 

.u  terra  cotta  not  accepted 


26  ' <v  BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


Braces  must  drop  at  least  one-third 
of  the  length  ot  bracket,  and  at  short 
brackets  not  less  than  eight  inches. 

Where  a bracket  is  to  receive  addi- 
tional weight  on  account  of  suspension 
rods  for  lower  balconies,  said  brackets 
must  be  reinforced  by  an  additional 
three-quarters  inch  square  brace,  run- 
ning from  end  of  bracket  parallel  to  reg- 
ulation brace,  or  over  one  inch  square 
brace  to  outer  end  of  bracket. 

Caution:  Angle  iron  brackets  not  per- 
mitted, unless  by  specia  1 permission 
based  upon  heeds  arising  from  very  .un- 
usual conditions,  and  the  need  of  such 
construction  as  a means  ot  meeting  the 
difficulties  presented  bv  such  conditions. 
In  ail  such  cases  designs  shall  be  sub- 
mitted and  work  shall  not  commence 
until  same  have  been  approved. 

Where  it  is  impossible  to  brace  the 
brackets  in  the  manner  described  above, 
it  will  be  necessary  to  use  angle  iron 
and  tie  rod  supports. 

Brackets  on  new  buildings  must  be 
built  in  wall  and  must  be  turned  down 
three  inches,  or  anchorage  will  be  ac- 
cepted with  bolt  ends  one  inch  in  diame- 
ter, washers  four  inches  by  six  inches 
by  three-eighths  inch  and  nuts;  at  panel 
backs,  or  where  wall  has  been  reduced 
from  original  section,  or  terra  cotta  sills, 
the  brackets  must  be  bolted  through 
angle  iron  or  channels  four  Inches 
by  three-eighths  inch,  running  from  pier 
to  pier  inside  of  building  and  bearing  six 
inches  on  each  pier,  except  by  special 
modification. 

Special  design  to  be  submitted  for 
framing  bracket  around  terra  cotta  mold- 
ing. panels,  etc. 

Specifications  and  plans  must  be  sub- 
mitted for  channel  and  T iron  construc- 
tion in  recess  fire-escapes;  also  for  off- 
set brackets. 

Drop  ladder. 

“A  drop  ladder  shall  be  provided  from 
the  lowest  balcony  of  sufficient  length  to 
reach  to  a safe  landing  place  beneath.” 

Landing  platform  required  when  low- 
est balcony  is  over  sixteen  feet  above 
ground. 

Length  of  drop  ladder  must  not  exceed 
distance  from  lowest  platform  to  safe 
landing  by  more  than  six  Inches. 

Strings,  to  be  one  and  one-half  inches 
by  three-eighths  inch  bar  one  and  one- 
half  inches  by  one-quarter  inch  iron— one 
piece. 

Width  of  ladder,  fifteen  inches  over  all. 
Rungs  five-eighths  inch,  not  over 
twelve  inches  apart  and  riveted  to 
strings, 

Drop  ladders  for  new  fire  escapes  must 
be  suspended  from  point  immediately 
over  opening  in  rail  of  balcony,  and  ar- 
ranged to  slide  on  guides  so  as  to  drop 
Into  position  for  use. 

Angle  iron  drop  ladder  shall  be  con- 
structed as  follows: 

The  strings  shall  be  constructed  of  not 
less  than  one  and  one-lialf  inches  by  one 
and  one-half  inches  angle  iron  one-quar- 
ter inch  thick.  The  effective  width  of  the 
ladder  (length  of  rungs)  to  be  not  less 
than  12  inches,  rungs  not  less  than  five- 
eighths  inch  round  iron  rod  or  iron  pipe, 
of  the  same  size  known  as  one-half  inch 
standard  pipe.  Pipe  rungs  may  be  used 
throughout,  if  desired,  except  for  the 
center  and  two  end  rungs,  which  shall  be 
constructed  of  five-eighths  inch  round 
bar  shouldered  at  each  end,  the  shoul- 


dered end  of  such  bar  or  rung  being  not 
less  than  three-eighths  inch  in  least  di- 
mension and  sufficiently  long  to  admit  of 
the  proper  riveting  of  the  same  through 
the  strings.  The  pipe  rungs  shall  be  ex- 
panded at  the  ends  or  otherwise  properly 
secured  to  the  strings,  to  the  satisfaction 
of  the  Tenement  House  Department. 
Egro*»  from  lowest  balcony. 

Gateway  in  front  rail  must  be  at  least 
two  feet  and  not  more  than  three  feet 
wide  in  the  clear. 

Opening  in  end  rail  not  permitted  in 
front  of  lowest  step,  unless  landing  is 
three  feet  by  three  feet  at  foot  of  stairs. 

Top  rails  at  gateway  must  be  well 
braced. 

Goose-neck  ladder. 

“The  balcony  on  the  top  floor,  except 
in  the  case  of  a balcony  on  the  street, 
shall  he  provided  with  a stairs  or  with  a 
goose-neck  ladder  leading  from  said  bal- 
cony to  and  above  the  roof  and  properly 
fastened  thereto.” 

Goose-neck  ladder  must  be  two  Inches 
by  one-half  inch  wrought  iron,  fifteen 
inches  wide,  with  rungs  five-eighths  inch 
and  not  more  than  twelve  inches  apart 
at  centres. 

Strings  must  be  bolted  at  the  bottom 
to  a two  inches  by  one-half  inch  flat  bar, 
which  is  riveted  to  floor  slat  and  ex- 
tends across  two  brackets.  (Note — Floor 
slats  must  be  secured  to  these  brackets 
with  three-eighths  Inch  U or  clamp 
bolts. 

Must  extend  two  feet  six  inches  above 
parapet  wall,  or  above  roof,  if  there  is 
no  parapet  wall. 

Must  spread  at  parapet  wall  to  give 
passageway  of  eighteen  inches. 

Must  be  well  braced. 

Must  be  tied  to  wall  by  braces  going 
through  parapet  wall  immediately  above 
roof,  or,  in  absence  of  parapet  wall,  to 
be  tied  to  wall  immediately  below  ceil- 
ing of  room  by  three-quarters  inch  bolt 
and  iour  inches  by  four  inches  by  three- 
eighths  inch  washers. 

Goose-neck  ladder  must  be  secured  and 
braced  at  roof. 

Goose-neck  ladder  must  be  at  least 
eighteen  inches  from  rail,  except  when 
it  slants  toward  the  roof,  when  fourteen 
Inches  clearance  at  top  rail  will  be  ac- 
cepted. 

Encumbrance  platen. 

Encumbrance  plates  required  at  all  bal- 
conies in  front  of  each  apartment,  facing 
window  of  apartment  with  one-half  inch 
letters,  raised  and  prominent. 

Letters  to  be  painted  a different  color 
from  body  of  plate.  “Anyone  placing  any 
encumbrance  on  this  balcony  will  be  fined 
ten  dollars.” 

Painting. 

“All  fire-escapes,”  If  of  iron,  shall  re- 
ceive not  less  than  two  coats  of  good 
paint,  one  in  the  shop  and  one  after 
erection. 

FIRE-ESCAPES  ON  WOODEN  Bl'lI  D. 

1XGS. 

All  brackets. 

One  and  three-quarters  inches  by  one- 
half  inch  wrought  iron  on  edge;  one  inch 
bolt  end  through  a four  Inches  by  three- 
eighths  inch  iron  plate,  long  enough  to 
take  in  all  brackets,  secured  to  and  bear- 
ing directly  on  studs. 

Heel  of  bracket  braces  to  rest  against 


one  and  three-quarters  inches  by  ona- 
quarter  inch  angle  iron  extended  across 
and  well  secured  to  studs  or  Interti*. 

Top  rails. 

Shall  be  anchored  as  above  described 
for  brackets. 

Bottom  rails. 

Shall  be  secured  In  a substantial  man- 
ner to  siding  with  two  one  and  oaa- 
quarter  inches  No.  14  wood  screws. 

Stairways. 

Stair  braces  shall  be  secured  to  on* 
and  one-half  inches  by  one-quarter  inch 
angle  iron,  extending  across  two  studs, 
and  secured  to  same  (studs)  by  four 
inches  by  three-eighths  inch  lag  screws. 
Spreader  braces,  properly  secured,  may 
be  used  by  special  modification. 

All  fire-escapes  must  be  constructed 
as  heretofore  stated  in  detail,  or  as  per 
specifications  made  for  wooden  bouses,  or 
as  per  approved  sketch. 

IRON,  STEEL  OR  WIRE  CABLE  FIRE- 
ESCAPES. 

‘‘Tenement  houses  that  are  less  then 
four  stories  in  height  and  which  also  do 
not  contain  accommodations  for  more 
than  four  families  in  all,  may  be 
equipped  with  such  iron,  steel,  or  wire 
cable  fire-escapes  as  may  be  approved  by 
the  department  charged  with  the  enforce- 
ment of  this  chapter.*  Such  escapes  must 
be  capable  of  sustaining  two  thousand 
pounds,  and  be  of  sufficient  length  to 
reach  from  the  top  floor  to  the  ground, 
and  with  rungs  not  more  than  twelve 
inches  apart  and  not  less  than  fifteen 
inches  in  length,”  and  must  be  well  se- 
cured on  inside  of  building  to  floor  and 
base  in  such  a manner  as  will  stand  the 
above  test. 

Cable  fire-escapes  must  not  be  located 
directly  over  each  other,  and  if  located 
at  windows  over  porches,  etc.,  must  be 
long  enough  to  clear  the  roof  or  porch 
and  reach  to  the  ground. 

Cable  fire-escape  must  be  subjected  to 
a satisfactory  test  in  the  presence  of  an 
Inspector  from  this  department. 

VERTICAL  LADDER  FIRE-ESCAPE 
TYPE. 

Location. 

Vertical  ladder  shall  be  directly  ac- 
cessible to  a window  of  each  apartment 
above  the  ground  floor. 

Strength. 

“All  fire-escapes  shall  be  constructed 
and  erected  to  safely  sustain  in  all  their 
parts  a safe  load.” 

The  platforms  or  balconies  shall  be 
constructed  and  erected  to  safely  sustain 
in  all  their  parts  a safe  load,  at  a ratio 
! of  four  to  one,  or  not  less  than  eighty 
i pounds  per  square  foot  of  surface. 

| Good  order  and  general  repair. 

"The  owner  of  every  tenement  house 
shall  keep  all  the  fire-escapes  thereon  la 
good  order  and  repair,  and  whenever 
rusty  shall  have  them  properly  painted 
with  two  coats  of  good  paint.  No 
person  shall  at  any  time  place  any  Incum- 
brance of  any  kind  before  or  upon  any 
’such  fire-escape.” 

EDMOND  J.  Bt’TLER.  Commissioner. 

i ‘Tenement  House  Department. 


BULLETIN  NO.  20— ISSUED  BY  TENEMENT  HOUSE  DEIMSTM 
Vacation  of  New-Law  Tenements. 


The  occupying  of  tenement  houses,  be- 
fore obtaining  certificates  of  occupation, 
as  required  by  law,  has  become  frequent 
enough  to  constitute  a serious  situation. 
It  puts  owners  at  the  very  outset  in  the 
position  of  law-breakers  and  impairs 
their  respect  for  other  orders  of  the  de- 
partment. 

The  commissioner,  therefore,  gives  no- 

V"  I 


tice  that  if  any  building  now  in  the 
course  of  erection  or  erected  in  the  future 
shall  be  occupied  illegally  without  a cer- 
tificate, he  will  demand  the  maximum 
penalty  and  will  proceed  to  promptly 
vacate  the  premises.  This  notice  is  to 
go  into  effect  March  1,  1910. 

The  department  will  do  ail  in  its  power 
co-operate  with  owners  to  secure  a 


prompt  dismlssol  of  violations,  where  or- 
ders have  been  complied  with.  If  any  un- 
reasonable delay  occurs  in  the  depart- 
ment or  if  the  owner  or  builder  has  any 
grounds  for  protesting  against  violations 
filed,  let  fhe  commissioner  or  deputy  com- 
missioner be  notified. 

COMMISSIONER. 

Dated  February  28,  1910, _ 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


27 


Index  to  the  Building  Code. 


Section 

Fireproof  floors  JO* 

Section  Fireproof  shutters  and  doors  ,....104 

Anchors  and  straps  for  wood  beams  and  Floor  lights  '*0 

girders  ■•••••••••  60  Floor  Loads — Temporary  Supports, 

Apartments  and  tenement  houses  and  dwell-  Part  XXIII 

ings  of  certain  heights *?  : * 13n 

Apartment  houses,  definition  of J ’5 

Appeals  and  Modification  of  Law,  | Foundation  2* 

*,*rt  TXIX.  Frame  Itulldinne,  Part  XXVIII. 

Application  for  order  to  remove  violations  Frame  buildings  damaged  I*5 

and  to  vacate  buildings Frame  buildings,  definition  of  12 


Arches  and  lintels 


42 




•vsalar  

Auxiliary  fire  apparatus  for  buildings l°- 


Bay.  oriel  and  show  windows £ 

Bearing  capacity  of  soil 

Board  of  Buildings 

Board  of  Examiners — 1,3 

Bolting  of  structural  steel  and  wrought  Iron 

work  

Bolte  and  washers  for  timber  work ®3 

Brick  

Brick  and  hollow  tile  partitions 49 

Buildings  Raised,  Lowered.  Al- 
tered or  Moved,  Part  XXVI. 
Bulkheads  on  roofs  and  scuttles 32 


Frame  buildings,  definition  of 

Frame  buildings  outside  of  fire  limits 146 

Frame  buildings  where  streets  are  nut  estab 

lishert  H2 

Fiaming  and  connecting  structural  work 122 

Frame  structures  within  fire  limits 144 

Fund  for  Vse  and  Benefit  of  Ile- 
partment  of  Buildings.  Part 
XXXIII. 

Furred  walls  47 


G 


Fart  Iron  column 
f,'a»t  Iron 


.112 


Gas  and  water  pipes 

General  Construction,  Part  XI. 

Grain  elevator  


^ 1 1 1 • t ( 

lintels 118  i Hollow  walls 


Calculations.  streiurtU  of  Ma- 

terials, Part  XXIV. 

Cellar  Ceilings  M 

Cellar  floors  *• 

Cellar  partitions  In  residence  buildings 50 

Cellars  to  be  connected  with  sewers 54 

cement  and  llm.  mortar 

Cement  mortar  !* 

Chimneys,  Flues,  Fireplaces  and 
Heatlnff  Pipes,  Part  X. 

chimneys,  flues  and  fireplaces 55 

Chimneys  and  cupolas. 57 

Chtmnsy  supports  *6 

Cods  to  be  construed  liberally 2 

Computations  for  strength  of  materials 136 

Concrete  ,s 

Cornices  and  cutters 31 

Courts  having  Jurisdiction 151 

Court  proceedings  153 

Curtain  walls  2* 

D 

Dats  whan  ordinance  Is  to  taks  effect 1C4 

Delaltlons,  Part  III. 

Deraollshtng  building*  6 

JDoub'e  column*  113 

Drying  rooms  W 

Ducts  for  pipes  - 70 

Dumb  waiter  shafts  »7 

t! 

La 

Elevators  and  hotstways  Si 

Kltrators.  Ilulatveuya  and  Dumb 
Walters,  Part  XVIII. 

Elsvatora  In  existing  hotsls  99 

KlSvator  Incloeurss  56 

hllevstors  In  staircase  Incloeures 38 

engineer!  etatlonary  ladder!  7< 

entrance  to  basement  74 

Fxcavatlor.s  22 

Excavations  and  Fuundafluue, 

Part  5 . 

Exhibition  buildings  «2 

h.xlrtlng  party  walls  *8 

Btlstlng  Halts  and  I. la  l>l  I Hies,  In- 
validity of  Clue  Section  Not  to 
Invalidate  Another.  Purt  A\\\. 
Existing  suits  and  liabilities  Hi 


.127 


H 

Heating:  Apparatus.  Drylnig  Rooms. 
Gas  and  Water  Pipes,  Part  XVI. 

Heating  furnaces  and  boilers 84 

Hollow  bricks  on  Inside  of  walls 43 

....  44 
....  68 
...  1U 


Hot  air  flues,  pipes  and  vent  ducts.. 
Hotels,  definition  of 


Incasing  Interior  columns 107 

Increased  thickness  33 

IncloNiire  und  Shed  Coverings  for 
the  Protection  of  Pedestrians, 
Part  XIV. 

Inclosure  walls  for  skeleton  structures 30 

Inspection  of  elevator 101 

Invalidity  of  one  section  not  to  Invalidate 

any  other  102 

Iron  and  other  metal  fronts  to  be  filled  In... .138 

Iron  and  Steel  Construction.  Purt 
XXII. 


Light  and  vent  shafts 48 

Lime  mortar  15 

Lining  existing  walls 39 

Loads  on  flop;*  to  be  distributed 131 


M 


. Section 

Quality  of  Materials,  Part  IV. 

Quality  of  Timber  — # 


R 

Ranges  and  stoves  

Recesses  and  chases  in  walls  4* 

Recovery  of  Uodle*  I nder  FaUeu 
If  u 1 Id  ini;  **.  Part  XXXII. 

Reduced  thickness  for  interior  walls 34 

Registers  S5 

Remedial  ordinances  I 

Repealing-  section  

Riveted  steel  and  wrought  iron  trusses 1-6 

Riveting  of  structural  steel  and  wrought 

iron  work  1-S 

Rolled  steel  and  wrought  iron  beams  used 

as  girders  117 

Rolled  steel  and  wrought  iron  floor  and  roof 

beams  12® 

Roofing  and  leaders  within  the  fire  limits  . . . 
Roofs.  Leaders,  Cornices*  Bulk- 
heads, Scuttles  aud  Tanks,  Part 
XVII. 

s 

Safe  load  for  masonry  work  184 

Sand  14 

Screen  under  elevator  sheaves 10* 

Seal— Officer*  of  Department  May 
Enter  llulldluiis,  Part  XXXIV. 

Seal  15* 

Short  Title  of  Ordinance,  Part  1. 

! Skeleton  construction  bl# 

I Skylight  aud  Floor  Lisbt*,  Part 
I XIII. 

i Slate  and  stone  treads  of  stairs  to  be  sup- 
ported   7T 

Smoke  houses  *• 

Stairs  and  Kntrances,  Part  XII. 

Stairs,  number  regulated  by  area  of  build- 
ing   78 

Steam  and  hot  water  heating  pipes 69 

Steel  and  Iron  girders 114 

Steel  and  Iron  pin  connected  trusses 127 

Steel  and  wrought  Iron  column Ill 

Steel  and  wrought  Iron  trusses 125 

Strength  of  columns 13* 

Strength  of  existing  floors  to  be  calculated . .132 

Strength  of  temporary  supports IS* 

Structural  material  31 

Structure*  of  Certalu  Ueiglite, 

* Part  VII. 

Studded  off  spaces 71 

Surveys  on  unsafe  buildings 154 

» „ r v v 


Main  stud  partitions 51 

Mansard  roofs  90 

Materials  of  walls 27 

Measurement  for  width  of  buildings 7 

Measurement  of  buildings  for  height  and 

walls  6 

Metal  skylights  78 

Miscellaneous  HutldinH*,  Purt  XV. 
Mortar  for  walls  and  ashlar 30 


New  buildings  and  buildings  to  be  altered..  3 

Notice  as  to  heating  apparatus 8* 

Notices  of  violations  of  code 152 


Fsrtor*  of  eatery  

Filing  of  plans  and  eta'sinent* 4 

Fire  Appliance*,  Fire  Escape*  and 
Fireproof  Shutter*  and  Door*. 
Part  XIX. 

Fir*  .scapes  103 

Fire  Limit*,  Part  IXVIl, 

Manhattan  , H2 

Bronx  143 

Brooklyn  14b 

Queen*  143 

Fireproof  Building*.  Part  XX. 
Fireproof  building,  105 


0 

Office  building,,  definition  of 11 

officers  of  department  may  enter  buildings. ,!>)0 
One  story  brick  buildings bi 

Ordinance*  Repealed.  Dale  When 
Ordinance  Take*  Effect,  Purt 
XXXVI. 

F> 

Painting  of  structural  metal  work 179 

Parapet  walls  13 

Party  wall  posts  114 

Plates  between  Joints  of  open  back  columns..  115 
Plate,  und»r  ends  of  Imtels  and  girders  ...119 
I’lntn  lilng  and  Draliinue,  Purt 
\ \ \ . 

Plumbing,  drainage  and  r.pnlra  thereto HI 

Prellmlunry  Reiiulreuienta,  Pnrt 
II. 


Tanks  »•  9* 

Templates  under  ends  of  steel  or  Iron  floor 

beams  121 

Tests  of  new  materials 20 

Theaters  and  places  of  public  amusement Iu9 

Timber  for  trusses  *2 

Timber  In  walls  prohibited 53 

Timber,  quality  of  19 

Trimmer  arches  6* 

U > 

I'nsafe  Ilnlldlnsra,  Surveys,  Court 
Proceedings,  Part  XXXI. 

Unsafe  buildings  151 


A rrss 


V 

u ml 


Cellars,  Part 


Vaults, 

VIII. 

Vaults  under  sidewalk Ci 

Violation*  und  Pcunltlc* — Court* 
tin,  i n u Jurisdiction,  Part  XXX. 

Violation  and  penalties 154 


w 


1 It  ■ 


Wainscoting  71 

Walls  and  pier* LA 

Wall*  for  dwelling  houses *1 

Wall*  for  warehouse*  SJ 

Walla  of  unfinished  btilldlngfl 4a 

Walla,  l'lei'R  und  Partitions,  Part 
\ I 


Private  dwelling*,  definition  of 

protection  of  p»d*airlan*  

Public  Hialidlnice*  Tlirntcra 
Place*  of  A aae in bl a Ke,  Pari 

Public  bjUdlngt  


and 

XXI. 


Walla,  tied,  anchored  and  braced 

• Weight!  of  certain  materials 

14J 

*|  Wood  Ileum*,  birder*  and 

Col- 

um lift.  Part  IX. 

1 Wood  columns  end  plstee  

101 ' W orking  stress**  

THE 


>>  N A 

PROVIDING  FOR  ALL  MATTERS  CONCERNING,  AFFECTING  OR  RELATING  TO  THE 
CONSTRUCTION,  ALTERATION  OR  REMOVAL  OF  BUILDINGS  OR  STRUCTURES 
ERECTED  OR  TO  BE  ERECTED  IN  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK,  AS  CONSTITUTED 
BY  THE  GREATER  NEW  YORK  CHARTER.  ± 


BUILDING  CODE. 

• f t : 


-A".  -+W  fm  '<  - 4 


Adopted  by  the  Board  of  Aldermen,  September  12,  1899.  Adopted  by  the  Council,  October  10,  1899. 
Approved  by  the  Mayor,  October  24,  1899.  With  Amendments  to  date. 


Be  It  ordained  by  the  Municipal  Assem- 
bly, pursuant  to  section  647  of  the  Great- 
er New  York  Charter,  as  follows: 

*5  PART  I. 

SHORT  TITLE  OF  THIS  ORDINANCE. 

A REMEDIAL  ORDINANCE. 

This  ordinance  to  lie  known  and 
cited  as  the  Building  Code,  and 
presumptively  contains  the  Build- 
ing Law,  except  so  far  as  such 
provisions  are  contained  in  the 
Charter. 

Section  1.  The  following  provisions  shall 
constitute  and  be  known  as  the  building 
code  and  may  be  cited  as  such,  and  pre- 
sumptively provides  for  all  matters  con- 
cerning, affecting  or  relating  to  the  con- 
struction, alteration  or  removal  of  build- 
ings or  structures  erected  or  to  be  erected 
in  The  City  of  New  York,  as  constituted 
by  the  “Greater  New  York  Charter,”  ex- 
cept so  far  as  such  provisions  are  con- 
tained in  said  charter. 

Building  Code  to  be  Construed  Lib- 
erally. 

Sec.  2 This  ordinance  .is  hereby  de- 
clared to  be  remedial,  and  is  to  be  con- 
strued liberally,  to  secure  the  beneficial 
interests  and  purposes  thereof. 

, *:  PART  II. 

PRELIMINARY  REQUIREMENTS. 

New  Buildings  and  Buildings  to  Be 
Altered. 

Sec.  3.  No  wall,  structure,  building  or 
part  thereof,  shall  hereafter  be  built  or 
constructed,  nor  shall  the  plumbing  or 
drainage  of  any  building,  structure  or 
premises,  be  constructed  or  altered,  in 
The  City  of  New  York,  except  in  con- 
formity with  the  provisions  of  this  code. 
No  building  already  erected,  or  hereafter 
to  be  built,  in  said  city,  shall  be  raised, 
altered,  moved  or  built  upon  in  any  man- 
ner, that  would  be  in  violation  of  any  of 
the  provisions  of  this  code,  or  the  ap- 
proval issued  thereunder. 

Filing  Plans  and  Statements. 

Sec.  4.  Before  the  erection,  construc- 
tion or  alteration  of  any  building  or  part 
of  any  building,  structure,  or  part  of  any 
structure, j>r  wall,  or  any  platform,  stag- 
ing or  flooring  to  be  used  for  standing 
or  seating  purposes,  and  before  the  con- 
struction or  alteration  of  the  plumbing 
or  drainage  of  any  building,  structure  or 
premises  Is  commenced,  the  owner  or 
lessee,  or  agent  of  either,  or  the  archi- 
tect or  builder  employed  by  such  owner 
or  lessee  in  connection  with  the  proposed 
erection  or  alteration,  shall  submit  to 


the  commissioner  of  buildings  for  the 
borough  in  which  the  premises  are  sit- 
uated a detailed  statement  in  triplicate  of 
the  specifications,  on  appropriate  blanks 
to  be  furnished  to  applicants  by  the  de- 
partment of  buildings  and  a full  and  com- 
plete copy  of  the  plans  of  such  proposed 
work,  and  such  structural  detail  drawings 
of  said  proposed  work  as  the  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  having  Jurisdiction 
may  require,  all  of  which  shall  be  ac- 
companied with  a statement  in  writing, 
sworn  to  before  a notary  public  or  com- 
missioner of  deeds,  giving  the  full  name 
and  residence,  street  and  number,  of  the 
owner,  or  of  each  of  the  owners  of  said 
building  or  proposed  building,  structure, 
or  proposed  structure,  premises,  wall, 
platform,  staging  or  flooring.  If  such 
erection,  construction  or  alteration, 
plumbing  or  drainage,  or  the  alteration 
thereof,  is  proposed  to  be  made  or  exe- 
cuted by  any  other  person  than  the 
owner  or  owners  of  the  land  in  fee,  the  | 
person  or  persons  intending  to  make  such  ! 
erection  or  alteration,  or  to  construct] 
such  plumbing  or  drainage,  shall  accom-  ! 
pany  said  detailed  statement  of  the  speci-  | 
fications  and  copy  of  the  plans,  with  a j 
statement  in  writing,  sworn  to  as  afore- 
said, giving  the  full  name  and  residence.  I 
street  and  number,  of  the  owner  or  own- 
ers of  the  land,  or  proposed  building,  i 
structure,  or  proposed  structure,  prem- 
ises, wall,  platform,  staging  or  flooring 
either  as  owner,  lessee,  or  in  any  repre- 
sentative capacity,  and  that  he  or  they 
are  duly  authorized  to  perform  said  work. 
Such  statement  may  be  made  by  the ! 
agent,  or  architect  of  the  person  or  per-  j 
sons  hereinbefore  required  to  make  the  j 
same.  Any  false  swearing  in  a material 
point  in  any  statement  submitted  in  pur- 
suance of  the  provisions  of  this  section 
shall  be  deemed  perjury,  and  shall  be 
punishable  as  such.  Said  sworn  statement, 
and  detailed  statement  of  specifications,  j 
and  copy  of  the  plans  shall  be  kept  on 
file  in  the  office  of  the  commissioner  of 
buildings  for  the  borough  where  the 
premises  to  which  they  relate  are  situa- 
ted, and  the  erection,  construction,  or  al- 
teration of  said  building,  structure,  wall, 
platform,  staging  or  flooring,  or  any 
part  thereof,  and  the  construction  or  al- 
teration of  the  said  plumbing  or  drain- 
age, shall  not  be  commenced  or  proceeded 
with,  until  said  statements  and  plans 
shall  have  been  so  filed,  and  approved  by 
the  said  commissioner  of  buildings,  and 
the  erection,  construction  or  alteration 
of  such  building,  structure,  platform, 
staging  or  flooring,  and  the  construction 
or  alteration  of  such  plumbing  or  drain- 
age when  proceeded  with  shall  be  con- 
structed in  accordance  with  such  ap- 
proved detailed  statement  of  specifica- 
tions and  copy  of  plans.  Nothing  in  this 
section  shall  be  construed  to  prevent  a 


commissioner  of  buildings  from  granting 
his  approval  for  the  erection  of  any  part 
of  a building,  or  any  part  of  a structure, 
where  plans  and  detailed  statements  have 
been  presented  for  the  same  before  the 
entire  plans  and  detailed  statements  of 
said  building  or  structure  have  been  sub- 
mitted. Any  approval  which  may  be  is- 
sued by  a commissioner  of  buildings  pur- 
suant to  the  provisions  of  this  section, 
but  under  which  no  work  Is  commented 
within  one  year  from  the  time  of  issu- 
ance, shall  expire  by  limitation.  Or- 
dinary repairs  of  buildings  or  structures, 
or  of  the  plumbing  or  drainage  thereof, 
may  be  made  without  notice  to  the  de- 
partment of  buildings,  but  such  repairs 
shall  not  be  construed  to  include  the  cut- 
ting away  of  any  stone  or  brick  wall,  or 
any  portion  thereof,  the  removal  or  cut- 
ting of  any  beams  or  supports,  or  the  re- 
moval. change  or  closing  of  any  staircase, 
or  the  alteration  of  any  house  sewer  or 
private  sewer  or  drainage  system,  or  the 
construction  of  any  soil  or  waste  pipe. 
The  foregoing  provisions  and  all  the  pro- 
visions of  this  code  shall  apply  with 
equal  force  to  buildings,  both  municipal 
and  private.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
commissioner  of  buildings  having  juris- 
diction to  approve  or  reject  any  plan  filed 
with  him  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of 
this  section  within  a reasonable  time. 

Demolishing  Buildings. 

Sec.  5.  When  plans  and  detailed  state- 
ments are  filed  in  the  department  of 
buildings  for  the  erection  of  a new  build- 
ing, if  an  existing  building  or  part  of 
an  existing  building  is  to  be  demolished, 
such  fact  shall  be  stated  in  the  state- 
ment so  filed. 

In  demolishing  any  building,  story 
after  story  shall  be  completely  removed. 
No  material  shall  be  placed  upon  the 
Poor  of  any  such  building  in  the  course 
of  demolition,  but  the  brick,  timbers  and 
other  structural  parts  of  each  story  stall 
be  lowered  to  the  ground  immediately, 
upon  displacement.  The  owner,  archi- 
tect, builder  or  contractor  for  any  build- 
ing, structure,  premises,  wall,  platform, 
staging  or  flooring  to  be  demolished 
shall  give  not  less  than  twenty-four 
hours  notice  to  the  department  of  build- 
ings of  such  Intended  demolition, 

PART  m. 

DEFINITIONS. 

Measurement  of  Height  for  Build- 
ing* and  Walla. 

Sec  6.  The  height  of  buildings  shall 
be  measured  from  the  curb  level  at  tba 
center  of  the  front  of  the  building  to 
the  top  of  the  highest  point  of  the  roof 
beams  in  the  case  of  flat  roofs,  and  for 
high-pitched  roofs  the  average  of  the 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


29 


height  of  the  gable  shall  be  taken  as  the 
highest  point  of  the  building. 

In  case  a wall  is  carried  on  Iron 
or  steel  girders  or  iron  or  steel  girders 
and  columns,  or  piers  of  masonry,  the 
measurements,  as  to  height  for  the  wall, 
may  be  taken  from  the  top  of  such 
girder. 

"When  the  walls  of  a structure  do  not 
adjoin  the  street,  then  the  average  level 
for  the  ground  adjoining  the  walls  may 
be  taken  instead  of  the  street  curb  level 
for  the  height  of  such  structure. 

Meanrfment  for  Width  of  Bnlld- 

lagt. 

Sec.  7.  For  the  purpose  of  this  code, 
the  greatest  linear  dimension  of  any 
building  shall  be  considered  its  length 
and  the  next  greatest  linear  dimension 

its  width. 

Prlrate  Dwellings,  Definition  of. 

See.  8.  A private  dwelling  shall  be 
taken  to  mean  and  include  every  buildiDg, 
which  shall  be  intended  or  designed  for, 
or  used  as,  the  home  or  residence  of 
not  more  than  two  separate  and  distinct 
families  or  households,  and  in  which  not 
more  than  fifteen  rooms  shall  be  used  for 
the  accommodation  of  boarders,  and  no 
part  of  which  structure  is  used  as  a 
store  or  for  any  bnsiness  purpose.  Two 
or  more  such  dwellings  may  be  connected 
on  each  story  when  used  for  boarding 
purposes,  provided  the  halls  and  stairs 
of  each  house  shall  be  left,  unaltered. 
Any  such  building  hereafter  erected  shall 
not  cover  more  than  90  per  cent,  of  the 
lot  area. 

Apartment  Honaea,  Definition  of. 

See.  9.  An  apartment  house  shall  be 
taken  to  mean  and  Include  every 
building,  which  6hall  be  intended 
or  ' designed  for.  or  used  as,  the 
home  or  residence  of  three  or 
more  families  or  households,  living  in- 
dependently of  each  other,  and  in  which 
• very  such  family  or  household,  shall 
have  provided  for  It  a kitchen,  set  bath 
tub  and  water  closet,  separate  and  apart 
from  any  other.  Any  such  building  here- 
after erected  shall  not  cover  any  greater 
percentage  of  a lot  than  is  lawful  to  be 
covered  by  a tenement  house,  and  the 
requirements  for  light  and  ventilation  for 
a tenement  house  shall  also  apply  to  an 
apartment  house. 

Hotel,  Definition  of. 

Sec.  10.  A hotel  shall  be  taken  to  mean 
and  Include  every  building,  or  part  there- 
of, Intended,  designed  or  used  for  sup- 
plying food  and  shelter  to  residents  or 
guests,  and  having  a general  public  din- 
ing-room or  a cafe,  or  both  and  contain- 
ing also  more  than  fltteen  sleeping  rooms 
above  the  first  story.  Whenever  any  such 
building  hereafter  erected  shall  be  lo- 
cated on  an7  other  than  a corner  lot  or 
plot.  It  ahall  not  cover  In  the  aggregate 
more  than  90  per  cent,  of  the  area  of  such 
lot  or  plot*t  and  above  tbo  second  story 
floor  level.  If  not  more  than  five  stories 
in  height,  and  two  and  one-half  per  cent, 
less  for  every  additional  story  In  height; 
and  on  a corner  lot.  when  covering  an 
ire*  of  not  more  than  3.000  square  fee\ 
it  shall  not  occupy  more  than  95  per  cent, 
of  the  area  of  suth  lot  at  and  above  the 
second  atory  level.  In  ease  any  such 
building  la  to  occupy  a number  of  lots, 
the  commissioner  of  buildings  having  Ju- 
risdiction may  allow  the  free  air  space, 
proportioned  as  herein  stated,  to  be  dis- 
tributed In  such  manner  as.  In  his  opin- 
ion. will  equally  as  well  secure  light  and 
ventilation. 

Office  BnlMInga,  Definition  of. 

Sec.  11.  An  office  building  shall  be 
taken  to  mean  and  Include  every  building 
which  shall  be  divided  Into  rooms  above 
tha  first  story,  and  he  Intended  and  used 
for  business  purposes,  and  no  part  of 
which  shall  be  used  for  living  purposes, 
excepting  only  for  the  Janitor  and  his 
family. 

Office  buildings  wh»n  not  er»eted  on  a 
corner,  ahall  not  cover  more  than  90  per 


cent,  of  the  lot  area,  at  and  above  the 
second  story  floor  level. 

Frame  Buildings,  Definition  of. 

Sec.  12.  A frame  building  shall  be  taken 
to  mean  a building  or  structure  of  which 
the  exterior  walls  or  a portion  thereof 
shall  be  constructed  of  wood.  Buildings 
sheathed  with  boards,  and  partially  or 
entirely  covered  with  four  inches  of 
brickwork,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  frame 
buildings.  Wood  frames  covered  with 
metal  shall  he  deemed  to  be  wood  struc- 
tures. 

PART  IV. 

QUALITY  OK  MA.TERIAAS, 

Brick. 

Sec.  13.  The  brick  used  in  all  buildings 
shall  be  good,  hard,  well  burnt  brick. 

When  old  brick  are  used  in  any  wall 
they  shall  be  thoroughly  cleaned  before 
being  used,  and  shall  be  whole  and  good, 
hard,  well  burnt  brick. 

Sand. 

Sec.  14.  The  sand  used  for  mortar  in 
all  buildings  shall  be  clean,  sharp  grit 
sand,  free  from  loam  or  dirt,  and  shall 
not  be  finer  than  the  standard  samples 
kept  in  the  office  of  the  department  of 
buildings. 

Lime  Mortar. 

Sec.  15.  Lime  mortar  shall  be  made  of 
one  part  of  lime  and  not  more  than  four 
parts  of  sand.  All  lime  used  for  mortar 
shall  be  thoroughly  burnt,  of  good  quality, 
and  properly  slaked  before  it  is  mixed 
with  the  sand. 

Cement  Mortar. 

Sec.  16.  Cement  mortar  shall  bo  made 
of  cement  and  sand  in  the  proportion  of 
one  part  of  cement  and  not  more  than 
three  paits  of  sand,  and  shall  be  used 
immediately  after  being  mixed.  The  ce- 
ment and  sand  are  to  be  measured  and 
thoroughly  mixed  before  adding  water. 

Cement  must  be  very  finely  ground  and 
free  from  lumps. 

Cements  classed  as  Portland  cement 
shall  be  considered  to  mean  such  cement 
as  will,  when  tested  neat,  after  one  day 
set  in  air  be  capable  of  sustaining  with- 
out rupture  a teusile  strain  of  at  least 
120  pounds  per  square  inch,  and  after  one 
day  in  air  and  six  days  in  water  be  capa- 
ble of  sustaining  without  rupture  a ten- 
sile strain  of  at.  least  300  pounds  par 
square  inch.  Cements  other  than  Port- 
land cement  shall  be  considered  to  mean 
such  cement  as  will,  w'hen  tested  neat, 
after  one  day  set  In  air  be  capable  of 
sustaining  without  rupture  a tensile 
strain  of  at  least  60  pounds  per  square 
inch,  and  after  one  day  in  air  and  six 
dayR  in  water  be  capable  of  sustaining 
without,  rupture  a tensile  strain  of  at 
least  120  pounds  per  square  Inch.  Said 
tests  are  to  be  made  under  the  supervi- 
sion of  the  commissioner  of  buildings 
having  jurisdiction,  at  such  times  as  no 
may  determine  and  a record  of  all  ce- 
ments answering  the  above  requirements 
shall  be  kept  for  public  information. 

Cement  end  I, line  Mortar. 

Sec.  17.  Cement  and  lime  mortar  mixed 
shall  be  made  of  one  part  of  lime,  one 
part,  of  cement,  and  not  more  than  three 
parts  of  sand  to  each. 

Concrete. 

See.  18.  Concrete  for  foundations  shall 
be  made  of  at  least  one  part  of  cement, 
two  parts  of  sand  and  five  parts  of  clean 
broken  stone,  of  such  size  so  as  to  pass 
In  any  way  through  a 2-lnrh  ring,  or 
good,  clean  gravel  may  be  used  In  the 
same  proportion  as  broken  stone.  The 
cement,  sand  and  stone  or  gravel  shall  be 
measured  and  mixed  an  la  prescribed  for 
mortar.  All  concrete  when  In  place  abnll 
he  properly  rammed  and  allowed  to  set 
without  being  disturbed. 

Quality  of  Timber.  /•  / 

Sec.  19.  All  timbers  and  wood  b««m» 
used  In  aiy  building  aball  be  of  good 


sound  material  free  from  rot,  large  and 
loose  knots,  shakes  or  any  imperfection 
whereby  the  strength  may  be  impaired, 
and  bo  of  such  size  and  dimensions  as  tha 
purposes  for  which  the  building  is  in- 
tended require.  ; , . 

Tests  of  New  Materials. 

Sec.  20.  New  structural  material  e! 
whatever  nature  shall  be  subjected  to 
such  tests  to  determine  Its  character  and 
quality,  as  the  commissioner  of  buildings 
for  the  borough  in  which  the  material  is 
to  be  used  shall  direct;  the  tests  shall  be 
made  under  the  supervision  of  said  com- 
missioner. or  he  may  direct  the  architect 
or  owner  to  file  with  him  a certified  copy 
of  the  results  of  tests,  such  as  he  may 
direct  shall  be  made. 

Structure  Material.  Wrought  Iron. 

Sec.  21.  All  wrought  iron  shall  be  uni- 
form in  character,  fibrous,  tough  and  duc- 
tile. It  shall  have  an  ultimate  tensile 
resistance  of  not  less  than  48.000  pounds 
per  square  inch,  an  elastic . limit  of  not 
less  than  24.000  pounds  per  square  Inch, 
and  an  elongation  of  20  per  cent.  In  eight 
inches,  when  tested  in  small  specimen*. 

Steel. 

All  structural  steel  shall  have  an  ulti- 
mate tensile  strength  of  from  54,000 
pounds  to  64,000  pounds  per  square  inch. 
Its  elastic  limit  shall  be  not  less  than 

32.000  pounds  per  square  inch,  and  a 
minimum  elongation  of  not  less  than  20 
per  cent,  in  eight  inches.  Rivet  steel 
shall  have  an  ultimate  strength  of  from 

50.000  t.»  68,000  pounds  per  square  Inch. 

Cast  StceL 

Shall  be  made  of  open  hearth  steel,  con- 
taining one-quarter  to  one-half  per  cent, 
of  carbon,  not  over  eight  one-hundredths 
of  one  per  cent,  of  phosphorus,  and  shall 
be  practically  free  from  blow-hole*. 

Cant  Iron. 

Shall  be  of  good  foundry  mixture,  pro- 
ducing a clean,  tough,  gray  iron.  Sample 
bars,  five  feet  long,  one  Inch  square,  cast 
in  sand  molds,  placed  on  supports  four 
feet  six  Inches  apart,  shall  bear  a central 
load  of  450  pounds  before  breaking. 
Castings  shall  be  free  of  seriouB  blow- 
holes, cinder  spots  and  cold  shuts.  Ulti- 
mate tensile  strength  shall  be  not  les* 
than  16,000  pounds  per  square  Inch  when 
tested  In  small  specimens. 


PART  V. 

EXCAVATIONS  AND  FOUNDATIONS. 
Excavation*. 

Sec.  22.  All  excavations  for  building* 
shall  be  properly  guarded  and  protected 
so  as  to  prevent  the  same  from  becoming 
dangerous  to  life  or  limb  and  shall  be 
sheath-piled  where  nocessary  to  prevent 
the  adjoining  earth  from  caving  In.  by  ths 
person  or  persons  causing  the  excavations 
to  be  made.  Plans  filed  In  the  depart- 
ment of  buildings  shall  be  accompanied 
by  a statement  of  the  character  of  the 
soil  at  the  level  of  the  footings. 

Whenever  an  excavation  of  either  earth 
or  rock  for  building  or  other  purposes 
shall  be  Intended  to  be,  or  shall  be  car- 
ried to  the  depth  of  more  than  ten  feet 
below  the  curb,  the  person  or  persons 
causing  such  excavation  to  be  made  shall 
at  all  times,  from  the  commencement,  un- 
til the  completion  thereof.  If  afforded  the 
necessary  license  to  enter  upon  the  i<1- 
loining  land,  and  not  otherwise,  at  his 
or  their  own  expense,  preservo  any  ad- 
joining or  contiguous  wall  or  walls, 
structure  or  structures  from  Injury,  and 
support  the  same  by  proper  foundation*, 
so  that  the  said  walls  or  walls,  struc- 
ture or  structures,  shall  ho  and  remain 
practically  aa  safe  as  before  such  exca- 
vation was  commenced,  whether  the  said 
adlolnlng  or  contiguous  wall  or  walla, 
mi  r u*  turn  or  structures,  are  down  mor*  or 
leas  than  ten  feet  below  the  curb.  If  the 
Decenary  license  Is  not  accorded  to  the 
parson  or  person*  making  such  excava- 
tion, then  It  aball  be  the  duty  of  tM 


30 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW.  YORK. 


•wner  refusing  to  grant  such  license  to 
make  the  adjoining  or  contiguous  wall  or 
walls,  structure  or  structures,  safe,  and 
■ upport  the  same  by  proper  foundations 
so  that  adjoining  excavations  may  be 
’made,  and  shall  be  permitted  to  enter  up- 
on the  premises  where  such  excavatiorf  is 
being  made  for  that  purpose,  when  nec- 
essary. If  such  excavation  shall  not  be 
intended  to  be,  or  shall  not  be,  carried 
to  a depth  of  more  than  ten  feet  below 
the  curb,  the  owner  or  owners  of  such 
adjoining  or  contiguous  wall  or  walls, 
structure  or  structures  shall  preserve  the 
same  from  injury,  and  so  support  the 
same  by  proper  foundations  that  it  or 
they  shall  be  and  remain  practically  as 
safe  as  before  such  excavation  was  com- 
menced, and  shall  be  permitted,  to  enter 
upon  the  premises  where  such  excavation 
is  being  made  for  that  purpose,  when 
necessary. 

In  case  an  adjoining  party  wall  is  in- 
tended to  be  used  by  the  person  or  per- 
sons causing  the  excavation  to  be  made, 
and  such  party  wall  is  in  good  condition 
and  sufficient  for  the  uses  of  the  adjoining 
building,  then  and  in  such  case  the  per- 
son or  persons  causing  the  excavations 
to  be  made  shall,  at  his  or  their  own 
expense,  preserve  such  party  wall  from 
Injury  and  support  the  same  by  proper 
foundations,  so  that  said  party  wall  shall 
be  and  remain  practically  as  safe  as  be- 
fore the  excavation  was  commenced. 

If  the  person  or  persons  whose  duty  it 
shall  be  to  preserve  or  protect  any  wall 
or  walls,  structure  or  structures  from  in- 
jury shall  neglect  or  fail  so  to  do  after 
having  had  a notice  of  twenty-four  hours 
from  the  department  of  buildings,  then 
the  commissioner  of  buildings  may  enter 
upon  the  premises  and  employ  such  la- 
bor. and  furnish  such  materials,  and  take 
such  steps  as,  in  his  judgment,  may  be 
necessary  to  make  the  same  safe  and  se- 
cure, or  to  prevent  the  same  from  becom- 
ing unsafe  or  dangerous,  at  the  expense 
of  the  person  or  persons  whose  duty  it 
is  to  keep  the  same  safe  and  secure.  Any 
party  doing  the  said  -work,  or  any  part 
thereof,  under  and  by  direction  of  the 
said  department  of  buildings,  may  bring 
and  maintain  an  action  against  the  per- 
son or  persons  last  herein  referred  to,  to 
recover  the  value  of  the  work  done  and 
materials  furnished,  in  and  about  the  said 
premises,  in  the  same  manner  as  if  he 
had  been  employed  to  do  the  said  work 
by  the  said  person  or  persons.  When  an 
excavation  is  made  on  any  lot,  the  person 
or  persons  causing  such  excavation  to  be 
made  shall  build,  at  his  or  their  own  cost 
and  expense,  a retaining  wall  to  support 
the  adjoining  earth;  and  such  retaining 
wall  shall  be  carried  to  the  height  of  the 
adjoining  earth,  and  be  properly  protected 
by  coping.  The  thickness  of  a retaining 
wall  at  its  base  shall  be  in  no  case  less 
than  one-fourth  of  its  height. 


Hearing  Capacity  of  Soil. 

Sec.  23.  Where  no  test  of  the  sustain- 
Sjag  power  of  the  soil  is  made,  different 
voils.  excluding  mud,  at  the  bottom  of 
the  footisrgs,  shall  be  deemed  to  safely 
sustain  the  following  loads  to  the  super- 
ficial foot,  namely;  Soft  clay,  one  ton  per 
square  foot:  ordinary  clay  and  sand  to- 
gether, in  layers,  wet  and  springy,  two 
tons  per  square  foot;  loam,  clay  or  fine 
sand,  firm  and  dry,  three  tons  per  square 
foot;  very  firm,  coarse  sand,  stiff  gravel 
or  hard  clay,  four  tons  per  square  foot, 
or  as  otherwise  determined  by  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdic- 
tion. Where  a test  is  made  of  the  sus- 
taining power  of  the  soil  the  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  shall  be  notified  so 
that  he  may  be  present  in  person  or  by 
representative.  The  record  of  the  test 
shall  be  filed  in  the  department  of  build- 
ings. When  a doubt  arises  as  to  the 
safe  sustaining  power  of  the  earth  upon 
which  a building  is  to  be  erected  the 
department  of  buildings  may  order 
borings  to  be  made,  or  direct  the  sus- 
taining power  of  the  soil  to  be  tested  by 
and  at  the  expense  of  the  owner  of  .tlje 
proposed  building.  u 


Pressure  Under  Footing's  of  Founda- 
tions. 

Sec.  24.  The  loads  exerting  pressure 
under  footings  of  foundations  in  build- 
ings more  than  three  (3)  stories  in  height 
are  to  be  computed  as  follows:  For  ware- 
houses and  factories  they  are  to  be  full 
dead  load  and  the  full  live  load  estab- 
lished by  section  130  of  this  code.  In 
stores  and  buildings  for  light  manu- 
facturing purposes  they  are  to  be  the  full 
dead  load  and  seventy-five  per  cent,  of 
the  live  load  established  by  section  130 
of  this  code. 

In  churches,  school  houses  and  places 
of  public  amusement  or  assembly,  they 
are  to  be  the  full  dead  load  and  seventy- 
five  per  cent,  of  the  live  load  established 
by  section  130  of  this  code. 

In  office  buildings,  hotels,  dwellings, 
apartment  houses,  tenement  houses, 
lodging  houses  and  stables  they  are  to  be 
the  full  dead  load  and  sixty  per  cent,  of 
the  live  load  established  by  section  130 
of  this  code. 

Footings  will  he  so  designed  that  the 
loads  will  be  as  nearly  uniform  as  possi- 
ble and  not  in  excess  of  the  safe  bearing 
capacity  of  the  soil,  as  established  by 
section  23  of  this  code. 


Foundations. 

Sec.  25.  Every  building,  except  build- 
ings erected  upon  solid  rock  or  buildings 
erected  upon  ivharves  and  piers  on  the 
water  front,  shall  have  foundations  of 
brick,  stone,  iron,  steel  or  concrete  laid 
not,  less  than  four  feet  below  the  surface 
of  the  earth,  on  the  solid  ground  or  level 
surface  of  rock,  or  upon  piles  or  ranging 
timbers  when  solid  earth  or  rock  is  not 
found.  Piles  intended  to  sustain  a wall, 
pier  or  post  shall  be  spaced  not  more 
than  thirty-six  or  less  than  twenty  inches 
on  centers,  and  they  shall  be  driven  to  a 
solid  hearing,  if  practicable  to  do  so, 
and  the  number  of  such  piles  shall  be 
sufficient  to  support  the  superstructure 
proposed.  No  pile  shall  be  used  of  less 
dimensions  than  five  inches  at  the  small 
end  and  ten  inches  at  the  butt  for  short 
piles,  or  piles  twenty  feet  or  less  in 
length,  and  twelve  inches  at  the  butt  for 
long  piles,  or  piles  more  than  twenty  feet 
in  length.  No  pile  shall  be  weighted  with 
a load  exceeding  forty  thousand  pounds.  ] 
When  a pile  is  not  driven  to  refusal,  its  i 
safe  sustaining  power  shall  be  determined 
by  the  following  formula:  Twice  the 
weight  of  the  hammer  in  tons  multiplied 
by  the  height  of  the  fall  in  feet  divided 
by  least  penetration  of  pile  under  the 
last  blow'  in  inches  plus  one.  The  com- 
missioner of  buildings  shall  be  notified 
of  the  time  when  such  test  piles  will  be 
driven,  that  he  may  be  present  in  person 
or  by  representative.  The  tops  of  all 
piles  shall  be  cut  off  below  the  lowest 
water  line.  When  required,  concrete  shall 
be  rammed  down  in  the  interspaces  be- 
tween the  heads  of  the  piles  to  a depth 
and  thickness  of  not  less  than  twelve 
inches  and  for  one  foot  in  width  outside 
of  the  piles.  Where  ranging  and  capping 
timbers  are  laid  on  piles  for  foundations, 
they  shall  be  of  hard  wood  not  less  than 
six  inches  thick  and  properly  joined  to- 
gether, and  their  tops  laid  below  the  low- 
est water  line.  Where  metal  is  incor- 
porated in  or  forms  part  of  a founda- 
tion, it  shall  be  thoroughly  protected  from 
rust  by  paint,  asphaltum,  concrete,  or  by 
such  materials  and  in  such  manner  as 
may  be  approved  by  the  commissioner  of 
buildings.  When  footings  of  iron  or  steel 
for  columns  are  placed  below  the  water 
level,  they  shall  be  similarly  coated,  or 
inclosed  in  concrete,  for  preservation 
against  rust.  When  foundations  are  car- 
ried down  through  earth  by  piers  of 
stone,  brick  or  concrete  In  caissons,  the 
loads  on  same  shall  be  not  more  than 
fifteen  tons  to  the  square  foot  when  car- 
ried down  to  rock;  ten  tons  to  the  square 
foot  when  carried  down  to  firm  gravel 
or  hard  clay;  eight  tons  to  the  square 
foot  in  open  caisson  or  sheet  pile  trenches 
when  carried  down  to  rock.  Wood  piles 
may  ba  used  for  the  foundations  under 
frame  buildings  built  over  the  water  or 
on  salt  meadow.  land,  in  which  case  the 


piles  may  project  above  the  water  a suffi- 
cient height  to  raise  the  building  above 
high  tide,  and  the  building  may  be  placed 
directly  thereon  without  other  founda- 
tion.  

Foundation  Walls. 

Sec.  26.  Foundation  walls  shall  be  con- 
strued to  include  all  walls  and  piers 
built  below  the  curb  level,  or  nearest  tier 
of  beams  to  the  curb,  to  serve  as  sup- 
ports for  walls,  piers,  columns,  girders, 
posts  or  beams.  Foundation  walls  shali 
be  built  of  stone,  brick,  Portland  cement 
concrete,  iron  or  steel.  If  built  of  rubble 
stone,  or  Portland  cement  concrete,  they 
shall  be  at  least  eight  inches  thicker 
than  the  wall  next  above  them  .to  a 
depth  of  twelve  feet  below  the  curb  level; 
and  for  every  additional  ten  feet,  or  part 
thereof,  deeper,  they  shall  be  increased 
four  inches  in  thickness.  If  built  of 
brick,  they  shall  be  at  least  four  inches 
thicker  than  the  wall  next  above  them  to 
a depth  of  twelve  feet  below  the  curb 
level;  and  for  every  additional  ten  feet, 
or  part  thereof,  deeper,  they  shall  be 
increased  four  inches  in  thickness. 

The  footing  or  base  course  shall  be  of 
stone  or  concrete,  or  both,  or  of  con- 
crete and  stepped-up  brickwork,  of  suf- 
ficient thickness  and  area  to  safely  bear 
the  weight  to  be  imposed  thereon.  If 
the  footing  or  base  course  be  of  con- 
crete, the  concrete  shall  not  he  less  than 
twelve  inches  thick.  If  of  stones,  the 
stones  shall  not  ba  less  than  two  by 
three  feet,  and  at  least  eight  inches  in 
thickness  for  walls;  and  not  less  than 
ten  inches  in  thickness  If  under  piers, 
columns  or  posts;  the  footing  or  base 
course,  whether  formed  of  concrete  or 
stone,  shall  be  at  least  twelve  inches 
wider  than  the  bottom  width  of  walls, 
and  at  least  twelve  inches  wider  on  all 
sides  than  the  bottom  width  of  said  piers, 
columns  or  posts.  If  the  superimposed 
load  is  such  as  to  cause  undue  trans- 
verse strain  on  a footing  projecting 
twelve  inches,  the  thickness  of  such  foot- 
ing is  to  b?  increased  so  as  to  carry  the 
load  with  safety.  For  small  structures 
and  for  small  piers  sustaining  light  loads, 
the  commissioner  of  buildings  having 
jurisdiction  may.  in  his  discretion,  allow 
a reduction  in  the  thickness  and  projec- 
tion for  footing  or  hase  courses  herein 
specified.  All  base  stones  shall  be  well 
bedded  and  laid  crosswise,  edge  to  edge. 

If  stepped-up  footing  of  brick  are  used 
in  place  of  stone,  above  the  concrete,  the 
offsets.  If  laid  in  single  courses,  shall 
each  not  exceed  one  and  one-half 
inches,  or  if  laid  in  double  courses,  then 
each  shall  not  exceed  three  inches,  off- 
setting the  first  course  of  brickwork, 
back  one-half  the  thickness  of  the  con- 
crete base,  so  as  to  properly  distribute 
the  load  to  be  imposed  thereon. 

If,  in  place  of  a continuous  foundation 
wall,  isolated  piers  are  to  be  built  to 
support  the  superstructure,  where  the 
nature  of  the  ground  and  the  character 
of  the  building  make  it  necessary,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  commissioner  of  build- 
ings having  jurisdiction,  Inverted  arches 
resting  on  a proper  bed  of  concrete,  both 
designed  to  transmit  with  safety  the  sup- 
erimposed loads,  shall  be  turned  between 
the  piers.  The  thrust  of  the  outer  piers 
shall  be  taken  up  by  suitable  wrought 
iron  or  steel  rods  and  plates. 

Grillage  beams  of  wrought  Iron  or  ateel 
resting  on  a proper  concrete  bed  may  be 
used.  Such  beams  must,  be  provided  with 
separators  and  bolte  inclosed  and  filled 
solid  between  with  concrete,  and  of  such 
sizes  and  so  arranged  as  to  transmit  with 
safety  the  superimposed  loads. 

All  stone  walls  twenty-four  inohes  or 
less  In  thickness  shall  have  at  least  one 
header  extending  through  the  wall  in 
every  three  feet  in  height  from  the  bot- 
tom of  the  wall,  and  in  every  three  feet 
in  length,  and  if  over  twenty-four  inches 
in  thickness,  shall  have  one  header  for 
every  six  superficial  feet  on  both  aides 
of  the  wall,  laid  on  top  of  each  other  to 
bond  together,  and  runn|nr  into  tha  jrail 
at  least  two  feat. 


«.  it 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


5f 


Ali  headers  shall  be  at  least  twelve 
Inches  In  width  and  eight  inches  in  thick- 
ness. and  consist  ot  good  flat  stones. 

No  stone  shall  be  laid  in  such  walls 
la  say  other  position  than  on  its  natural 
bed. 

No  stone  shall  be  used  that  does  not 
bond  or  extend  into  the  wall  at  least  six 
Inches.  Stones  shall  be  firmly  bedded  in 
cement  mortar  and  all  spaces  and  joints 
thoroughly  filled. 

TART  VI. 

WALLS,  PIERS  AND  PARTITIONS. 

Materials  of  Walls. 

Sec.  27.  The  walls  o£  all  buildings,  other 
than  frame  or  wood  buildings,  shall  be 
constructed  of  stone,  brick.  Portland  ce- 
ment concrete,  iron,  steel  or  other  hard. 
Incombustible  material,  and  the  several 
component  parts  of  such  buildings  shall 
be  as  herein  provided.  All  buildings 
shall  be  Inclosed  on  all  sides,  with  inde- 
pendent or  party  walls. 

Walls  and  Piers. 

Sec.  28.  In  all  walls  of  the  thickness 
specified  la  this  code,  the  same  amount  of 
materials  may  be  used  in  piers  or  but- 
tresses. Bearing  walls  shall  be  taken  to 
mean  those  walls  on  which  the  beams, 
girders  or  trusses  rest.  It  any  horizontal 
section  through  any  part  of  any  bearing 
wall  In  any  building  shows  more  than 
thirty  per  centum  area  of  flues  and  open- 
ings, the  said  wall  shall  be  increased 
four  inches  in  thickness  for  every  fifteen 
per  centum,  or  fraction  thereof,  of  flue 
or  opening  area  in  excess  of  thirty  per 
centum. 

The  walls  and  piers  of  all  buildings 
shall  be  properly  and  solidly  bonded  to- 
gether with  close  joints  filled  with  mor- 
tar. They  shall  he  built  to  a line  and 
be  carried  up  plumb  and  straight.  The 
walls  of  each  story  shall  be  built  up  the 
full  thickness  to  the  top  of  the  beams 
above.  All  brick  laid  in  non-freezing 
weather  shall  be  well  wet  before  being 
laid.  Walls  or  piers,  or  parts  of  walls 
and  piers,  shall  not  be  built  in  freezing 
weather,  and  If  frozen,  shall  not  be  built 
upon. 

All  piers  shall  be  built  of  stone  or 
good,  hard,  well-burnt  brick,  laid  in 
cement  mortar.  Every  pier  built  of 
brick,  containing  less  than  nine  super- 
ficial feet  at  the  base,  supporting  any 
beam,  girder,  arch  or  column  on  which  a 
wall  rests,  or  lintel  spanning  an  opening 
over  ten  feet  and  supporting  a wall,  shall 
• t Intervals  of  not  over  thirty  Inches 
apart  In  height  have  built  Into  It.  a bond 
•tone  not  less  than  four  inches  thick,  or 
a caat-iron  plate  of  sufficient  strength, 
and  tbe  full  size  of  the  piers.  For  piers 
fronting  on  a street  the  bond  stones  may 
roaform  with  tbe  kind  of  stone  used 
for  the  trimmings  of  the  front.  Cap 
atonas  of  cut  granite  or  blue  stone,  pro- 
portioned to  the  weight  to  be  carried, 
but  not  less  than  five  inches  In  thick- 
ness. by  tho  full  size  of  the  pier,  or  cast- 
iron  pistes  of  equal  strength  by  the  full 
size  of  tbe  pier,  shall  be  set  under  all 
columns  or  girders,  except  where  a four- 
inch  bond  stone  Is  placed  Immediately 
below  said  cap  stone.  In  which  case  the 
rap  stone  may  be  reduced  In  horizontal  > 
dimensions  at  the  discretion  of  tbe  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdic- 
tion. Isolated  brick  piers  shall  not  ex- 
ceed In  height  ten  times  their  loast  di- 
mensions. Stone  posts  for  the  support 
of  posts  or  columns  above  shall  not  be 
used  In  the  Interior  of  any  building. 
Where  walls  or  piers  are  built  of  coursed 
stones,  with  dressed  level  beds  and  ver- 
tical joints,  the  department  of  buildings 
shall  have  the  right  to  allow  such  walls 
or  piers  to  be  built  of  a less  thickness 
than  specified  for  brickwork,  but  In  no 
case  shall  said  walls  or  piers  be  less 
thsn  tbree-qusrters  of  the  thickness  pro- 
vided for  brickwork. 

In  *11  brick  wells  every  sixth  course 
shall  be  a heading  course.  except  where 
walls  ere  faced  with  brick  In  running 
bond.  In  which  latter  case,  ererv  sixth 
course  shill  be  bonded  Into  tbe  backing 
by  cutting  the  course  of  the  fare  brick 
and  putting  in  diagonal  headers  behind 


the  same,  or  by.  splitting  the  face  brick 
In  half  and  backing  the  same  with  a con- 
tinuous row  of  headers.  Where  face 
brick  is  used  of  a different  thickness 
from  the  brick  used  for  backing,  the 
rourses  of  the  exterior  and  interior 
brickwork  shall  be  brought  to  a level 
bed  at  intervals  of  not  more  than  ten 
courses  in  height  of  the  face  brick,  and 
the  face  brick  shall  be  properly  tied  to 
the  backing  by  a heading  course  of  the 
face  brick.  All  bearing  walls  faced  with 
brick  laid  in  running  bond  shail  be  four 
inches  thicker  than  the  walls  are  re- 
quired to  be  under  any  section  of  this 
code. 

Ashlar. 

Sec.  29.  Stone  used  for  tho  facing  of 
any  building,  and  known  as  ashlar,  shall 
be  not  less  than  four  inches  thick. 

Stone  ashlar  shall  be  anchored  to  the 
backing  and  the  backing  shall  be  of  such 
thickness  as  to  make  tbe  walls,  Inde- 
pendent of  tbe  ashlar,  conform  as  to  the 
thickness  with  tbe  requirements  of  sec- 
tions 31  and  32  of  this  code,  unless  the 
ashlar  be  at  least  eight  inches  thick  and 
bonded  into  the  backing,  and  then  it  may 
be  counted  as  part  of  the  thickness  of  the 
wall. 

Iron  ashlar  plates  used  In  imitation  of 
stone  ashlar  on  the  face  of  a wall  shall 
he  backed  up  with  the  same  thickness  of 
brickwork  as  stone  ashlar. 

Mortar  for  Wall*  and  Ashlar. 

See.  30.  All  foundation  walls,  isolated 
piers,  parapet  walls  and  chimneys  above 
roofs  shall  be  laid  in  cement  mortar,  but 
this  shall  not  prohibit  the  use  in  cold 
weather  of  a small  proportion  of  lime  to 
prevent  the  mortar  from  freezing.  All 
other  walls  buiU  of  brick  or  stone  shall 
bo  laid  in  lime,  cement,  or  lime  aud 
cement,  mortar  mixed. 

The  backing  up  of  all  stone  ashlar  shall 
be  laid  up  with  cement  mortar,  or  cement 
and  lime  mortar  mixed,  but  the  back  ot 
the  ashlar  may  be  pargeted  with  lime 
mortar  to  prevent  discoloration  of  the 
stone. 

Wnlls  for  Dwelling-House*. 

See.  31.  The  expression  "walls  for 
dwelling-houses”  shall  be  taken  to  mean 
and  include  in  this  class  walls  for  tho 
following  buildings: 

Dwellings,  asylums,  apartment-houses, 
convents,  clubhouses,  dormitories,  hos- 
pitals, hotels,  lodging-houses,  tenements, 
parish  buildings,  schools,  laboratories, 
studios. 

The  walls  above  the  basement  of  dwell- 
ing-houses not  over  three  stories  and 
basement  in  height,  nor  more  than  forty 
feet  in  height,  and  not  over  twenty  feet 
In  width,  and  not  over  fifty-five  feet  in 
depth,  shall  have  side  and  party  walls 
not  less  than  eight  Inches  thick,  and  froDt. 
and  rear  walls  not  less  thaii  twelve 
Inches  thick.  All  walls  of  dwellings  ex- 
ceeding twenty  feet  in  width  and  not  ex- 
ceeding forty  feet  In  height,  rfiall  be  not 
less  than  twelve  inches  thick,'  All  walls 
of  dwellings  twenty-six  feet  Or  less  In 
width  between  bearing  walls  \ hteh  are 
hereafter  erected  or  which  may  be  altered 
to  be  used  for  dwellings  and  being  over 
forty  feet  in  height  and  not  over  fifty 
feet  In  height,  shall  be  not  less  than 
twelve  Inches  thick  above  the  foundation 
wall.  No  wall  shall  bo  built  haring  a 
twelve-inch  thick  portion  measuring  ver- 
tically more  than  fifty  feet.  If  over  fifty 
feet  In  height  and  not  over  sixty  feet 
In  height  tho  wall  shall  be  not  less  than 
sixteen  tnchoa  thick  In  the  story  next, 
above  the  foundation-walls  and  from 
thence  not  less  than  twelve  Inches  to  the 
top.  If  over  sixty  feet  In  height,  and  not 
over  seventy-five  feet  In  height,  the  walls 
shall  be  not  less  than  sixteen  Inches 
thick  above  the  foundation-walls  to  tbe 
height  of  twenty-five  feet,  or  to  the  near- 
est tier  of  beams  to  that  height,  and  from 
thence  not  less  than  twelve  Inches  thick 
to  the  top.  If  over  seventy-five  feet  In 
height,  and  not  over  one  hundred  feet 
In  height.  tb»  walls  shall  not  he  less  than 
twenty  in<h*s  thick  above  the  foundation- 
walla  to  the  height  of  forty  feet,  or  to 
tbe  nearest  tier  of  beams  to  that  height, 


thence  not  less  than  sixteen  inches  thick 
to  the  height  ot  seventy-five  feet,  or  to 
the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to  that  height, 
and  thence  not  less  than  twelve  inches 
thick  to  the  top.  If  over  one  hundred 
feet  in  height,  and  not  over  one  hundred 
and  twenty-five  feet  in  height,  the 
walls  shall  be  not  less  than  twenty- 
four  inches  thick  above  the  foun- 
dation-walls to  the  height  of  forly 
feet  or  to  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to 
that  height,  thence  not  less  than  twenty 
inches  thick  to  the  height  of  seventy-five 
feet,  or  to  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to 
that  height,  thence  not  less  than  sixteen 
inches  thick  to  the  height  of  one  hun- 
dred and  ten  feet,  or  to  the  nearest  tier 
of  beams  to  that  height,  and  thence  not 
less  than  twelve  inches  thick  to  the  top. 
If  over  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  feet 
in  height  and  not  over  one  hundred  and 
fifty  feet  in  height,  the  walls  shall  be  trot 
less  than  twenty-eight  inches  thick  above 
the  foundation-walls  to  the  height  of 
thirty  feet,  or  to  the  nearest  tier  of 
beams  to  that  height;  thence  not  less 
than  twenty-four  inches  thick  to  the 
height,  of  sixty-five  feet,  or  to  the  nearest 
tier  of  beams  to  that  height;  thence  not 
less  than  twenty  Inches  thick  to  the 
height  of  one  hundred  feet, or  to  the  near- 
est tier  of  beams  to  that  height;  thence 
not  less  than  sixteen  inches  thick  to 
the  height  of  one  hundred  and  thirty-five 
feet,  or  to  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to 
that  height.,  and  thence  not  less  than 
twelve  inches  thick  to  the  top.  If  over 
one  hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  height,  each 
additional  thirty  feet  in  height  or  part 
thereof,  next  the  foundation-walls,  shall 
be  increased  four  Inches  in  thickness,  th* 
upper  one  hundred  aud  fifty  feet  of  wall 
remaining  the  same  as  specified  for  a 
wall  of  that  height. 

All  non-fireproof  dwelling-houses  erect- 
ed under  this  section,  exceeding  twenty- 
six  feet  in  width,  shall  have  brick  fore- 
and-aft  partition  walls.  All  non-bearing 
walls  of  buildings  hereinbefore  in  this 
section  specified  may  be  four  inches  less 
in  thickness,  provided,  however,  that 
none  are  less  than  twelve  inches  thick, 
except  as  in  this  code  specified.  Eight- 
inch  brick  partition  walls  may  be  built 
to  support  tbe  beams  in  such  buildings 
in  which  the  distance  between  the  main 
or  bearing  walls  is  not  over  thirty-three 
feet;  If  the  distance  between  the  main 
or  bearing  walls  is  over  thirty-three  feet 
the  brick  partition  wall  shall  not  be  less 
than  twelve  Inches  thick;  provided,  that 
no  clear  span  is  over  twenty-six  feet. 
No  wall  shall  be  built  having  any  one 
thickness  measuring  vertically  more  than 
fifty  feet.  This  section  shall  not  he  con- 
strued to  prevent  the  use  of  iron  or  steel 
girders,  or  iron  or  steel  girders  and  col- 
umns, or  piers  of  masonry,  for  the  sup- 
port of  the  walls  and  ceilings  over  any 
room  which  has  a clear  span  of  more  than 
twenty-six  feet  between  walls,  In  suoj* 
dwellings  as  are  not  constructed  flreproo., 
nor  to  prohibit  the  use  of  iron  or  steel 
girders,  or  iron,  and  columns  or  piers  of 
masonry,  for  ihe  support,  of  the  walls  and 
ceilings  over  any  room  which  has  a clear 
span  of  more  than  twenty-six  feet  be- 
tween walls,  in  such  dwellings  as  are  not 
constructed  fireproof,  nor  to  prohibit  the 
uso  of  steel  or  iron  girders,  or  Iron  or 
girders  and  columns  In  place  of  brick 
walls  in  buildings  which  are  to  be  used 
for  dwellings  when  constructed  fireproof. 
If  the  clear  span  is  to  be  over  twenty- 
I six  feet,  then  the  bearing  walls  shall  be 
Increased  four  Inches  In  thickness  for 
I every  twelve  and  one-half  feet  or  part 
thereof,  that  said  span  Is  over  twenty- 
six  feet,  or  shall  have  Inatead  of  tho  in- 
creased thickness,  such  piers  or  but- 
tresses as,  In  the  judgment  of  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdic- 
tion. may  be  necessary. 

Whenever  two  or  more  dwelling-houses 
shall  bo  constructed  not  over  twelve  feet 
six  inches  In  width,  and  not  over  fifty  feet 
In  height,  the  alternating  center  wall  be- 
tween any  two  such  houses,  shall  be  of 
brick,  not  less  than  eight,  inches  thick 
above  tbe  foundation  wall;  and  tbe  ends 


32 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


of  the  floor  beams  shall  be  so  separated 
that  four  inches  of  brickwork  will  be  be- 
tween the  beams  where  they  rest  on  the 
•aid  center  wall.  . 

Walls  far  Warehouses. 

Sec.  32.  The  expression  “walls  for  ware- 
houses” shall  be  taken  to  mean  and  in- 
clude in  this  class  walls  for  the  follow- 
ing buildings: 

Warehouses,  stores,  factories,  mills, 
printing-houses,  pumping  stations,  refrig- 
erating houses,  slaughter-houses,  wheel- 
wright shops,  cooperage  shops,  brewer- 
ies, light  and  power  houses,  sugar  refin- 
eries, office  buildings,  stables,  markets, 
railroad  buildings,  jails,  police  stations, 

court  houses^  observatories, foundries, 

machine  shops,  public  assembly  buildings, 
armories,-  churches,'  theaiers,  libraries, 
museums.  The  walls  of  all  warehouses, 
twenty-five  feet  or  less  in  width  between 
walls  or  bearings,  shall  be  not  less  than 
twelve  inches  thick  to  the  height  of  forty 
feet  above  the  foundation  walls.  If  over 
forty  feet  in  height,  and  not  over  sixty 
feet  in  height,  the  walls  shall  be  not 
less  than  sixteen  inches  thick  above  the 
foundation  walls  to  the  height  of  forty 
feet,  or  to  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to 
that  height,  and  thence  not  less  than 
twelve  inches  thick  to  the  top.  If  over 
sixty  feet  in  height,  and  not  over  seven- 
ty-five feet  in  height,  the  walls  shall  be 
not  less  than  twenty  inches  thick  above 
the  foundation  walls  to  the  height  of 
twenty-five  feet,  or  to  the  nearest  tier 
of  beams  to  that  height,  and  thence  not 
less  than  sixteen  inches  thick  to  the  top. 
If  over  seventy-five  feet  in  height,  and 
not.  over  one  hundred  feet  in  height,  the 
walls  shall  be  not  less  than  twenty-four 
Inches  thick  above  the  foundation  walls 
to  the  height. of  forty  feet,  or  to  the  near- 
est tier  of  beams  to  that  height:  thence 
not  less  than  twenty  inches  thick  to  the 
height  of  seventy-five  feet,  or  to  the 
nearest  tier  of  beams  to  that  height,  and 
thence  not  less  than  sixteen  inches  thick 
to  the  top.  If  over  one  hundred  feet  in 
height,  and  not  over  one  hundred  and 
t wenty-five  feet  in  height,  the  walls  shall 
be  not  less  than  twenty-eight  inches 
thick  above  the  foundation  walls  to  the 
height  of  forty  feet,  or  to  the  nearest 
tier  of  beams  to  that  height:  thence  not 
less  than  twenty-four  inches  thick  to  the 
height  of  seventy-five  feet,  or  to  the  near- 
est. tier  of  beams  to  that  height;  thence 
not  less  than  twenty  inches  thick  to  the 
height  of  one  hundred  and  ten  feet,  or 
to  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to  that 
height,  and  thence  not  less  than  sixteen 
inches  thick  to  the  top.  If  over  one 
hundred  and  twenty-five  feet,  in  height, 
and  not  over  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet, 
the  walls  shall  be  not  less  than  thirty- 
two  inches  thick  above  the  foundation 
walls  to  the  height  of  thirty  feet,  or  to  the 
nearest  tier  of  beams  to  that  height; 
thence  not  less  than  twenty-eight  inches 
thick  to  the  height  of  sixty-five  feet,  or 
to  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to  that 
height;  thence  not  less  than  twenty-four 
inches  thick  to  the  height  of  one  hundred 
f»et,  or  to  the  nearest  tier  of  beams  to 
that  height;  thence  not  less  than  twenty 
inches  thick  to  the  height,  of  one  hundred 
and  thirty-five  feet,  or  to  the  nearest  tier 
of  beams  to  that  height;  and  thence  not 
less  than  sixteen  inches  thick  to  the 
top.  If  over  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet 
in  height,  each  additional  twenty-five  feet 
in  height,  or  part  thereof  next  above 
the  foundation  walls  shall  be  increased 
four  inches  in  thickness,  the  upper  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  of  wall  remaining 
the  same  as  specified  for  a wall  of  that 
height. 

If  there  is  to  be  a clear  span  of  over 
twenty-five  feet  between  the  bearing 
walls,  such  walls  shall  be  four  Inches 
more  in  thickness  than  in  this  section 
specified,  for  every  twelve  and  one-half 
feet,  or  fraction  thereof,  that  said  walls 
are  more  than  twenty-five  feet  apart,  or 
• hall  have  instead  of  the  increased  thick- 
ness such  piers  or  buttresses  as.  In  the 
judgment  of  the  commissioner  of  build- 
ings, may  be  necessary. 

The  walls  of  buildings  of  a public  char-, 


acter  shall  be  not  less  than  in  thla  code 
specified  for  warehouses  with  such  piers 
or  such  buttresses,  or  supplemental  col- 
umns of  iron  or  steel,  as,  in  the  judgment 
of  the  commissioner  of  buildings  having 
jurisdiction,  may  be  necessary  to  make  a 
safe  and  substantial  building. 

In  all  stores,  warehouses  and  factories 
over  twenty-five  feet  in  width  between 
walls  there  shall  be  brick  partition  walls, 
or  girders  supported  on  iron,  steel  or 
wood  columns,  or  piers  of  masonry. 

In  all  stores,  warehouses  or  factories, 
in  case  iron,  steel  or  wood  girders,  sup- 
ported by  iron,  steel,  or  wood  columns,  or 
piers  of  masonry,  are  used  In  place  of 
brick  partition  walls,  the  building  may 
be  seventy-five  feet  wide  and  two  hun- 
dren  and  ten  feet  deep,  when  extending 
from  -street  to  street,  or  when  otherwise 
located  may  cover  an  area  of  not  more 
than  eight  thousand  superficial  feet. 
When  a building  fronts  on  three  streets, 
it  may  be  a hundred  and  five  feet  wide 
and  two  hundred  and  ten  feet  deep,  or  if 
a corner  building  fronting  on  two  streets 
it  may  cover  an  area  of  not  more  than 
twelve  thousand  five  hundred  superficial 
feet;  but  in  no  case  wider  nor  deeper,  nor 
to  cover  a greater  area,  except  in  the 
case  of  fireproof  buildings.  An  area 
greater  than  herein  stated  may,  consider- 
ing location  and  purpose,  be  allowed  by 
the  board  of  buildings  when  the  proposed 
building  does  not  exceed  three  stories  in 
height. 

Increased  Thickness  »f  Wall*  for 
Buildings  mere  than  One  Hundred 
nnd  Five  feet  in  Depth. 

Sec.  33.  All  buildings,  not  excepting 
dwellings,  that  are  over  one  hundred  and 
five  feet  in  depth,  without  a crosswall  or 
proper  piers  or  buttresses,  shall  have  the 
side  or  bearing  walls  increased  in  thick- 
ness four  inches  more  than  is  specified  in 
the  respective  sections  of  this  Code  for 
the  thickness  of  walls  for  every  one  hun- 
dred and  five  feet,  or  part  thereof,  that 
the  said  buildings  are  over  one  hundred 
and  five  feet  in  depth. 

Reduced  Thickness  for  Interior 
Walls. 

Sec.  34.  In  case  the  walls  of  any  build- 
ing are  less  than  twenty-five  feet  apart, 
and  less  than  forty  feet  in  depth,  or  there 
are  cross  walls  which  intersect  the  walls, 
not  more  than  forty  feet  distant,  or  piers 
or  buttresses  built  into  the  walls,  the 
interior  walls  may  be  reduced  in  thick- 
ness in  just  proportion  to  the  number  of 
cross  walls,  piers  or  buttresses,  and  their 
nearness  to  each  other;  provided,  how- 
ever, that  this  clause  shall  not  apply 
to  walls  below  sixty  feet  in  height,  and 
th«;t  no  such  wall  shall  be  less  than 
twelve  inches  thick  at  the  top.  and  gradu- 
ally increased  in  thickness  by  setoffs  to 
the  bottom.  The  commissioner  of  build- 
ings having  1’:r^dictlon,  is  hereby  author- 
ized anf'  empowered  to  decide  (except 
where  herein  otherwise  provided  for) 
how  much  the  walls  herein  mentioned 
may  be  permitted  to  be  reduced  in  thick- 
ness, according  to  the  peculiar  circum- 
stances of  each  case,  without  endanger- 
ing the  strength  and  safety  of  the  build- 
ing. 

One-stury  Brick  Buildings. 

Sec.  35.  One-story  structures  not  ex- 
ceeding a height  of  fifteen  feet  may  be 
built  with  eight-inch  walls  when  the 
bearing  walls  are  not  more  than  nineteen 
feet  apart,  and  the  length  of  the  eight- 
inch  bearing  walls  does  not  exceed  fifty- 
five  feet.  One-story  and  basement  exten- 
sions may  be  built  with  eight-inch  walls 
when  not  over  twenty  feet  wide,  twenty 
feet  deep  and  twenty  feet  high  to  dwell- 
ings. 

Inolounre  Wall*  fur  Skeletou  Struc- 
tures. 

Sec.  36. — Walls  of  brick  built  in  be- 
tween iron  or  steel  columns,  and  sup- 
ported wholly  or  in  part  on  iron  or  steel 
girders,  shall  be  not  less  than  twelve 
inches  thick  for  seventy-five  feet  of  the 


uppermost  height  thereof  or  to  the  near- 
est tier  of  beams  to  that  measurement,  in 
any  building  so  constructed  and  every 
lower  section  of  sixty  feet,  or  to  the 
nearest  tier  of  beams  to  such  vertical 
measurement,  or  part  thereof,  shall  have 
a thickness  of  four  inches  more  than  Is 
required  for  the  section  next  above.it 
down  to  the  tier  of  beams  nearest  to  the 
curb  level;  and  thence  downward,  the 
thickness  of  walls  shall  increase  In  the 
ratio  prescribed  in  section  26,  this  code. 

Curtain  Walla. 

Sec.  37. — Curtain  walls  built  In  between 
piers  or  iron  or  steel  columns  and  not 
supported  on  steel  or  iron  girders,  shall 
be  not  less  than  twelve  inches  thick  for 
sixty  feet  of  the  uppermost  height  there- 
of, or  nearest  tier  of  beams  to  that  height 
and  inceased  four  inches  for  every  addi- 
tional section  of  sixty  feet  or  nearest 
tier  of  beams  to  that  height. 

Existing  Party  Walls. 

Sec.  38. — Walls  heretofore  built  for  or 
used  as  party  walls,  whose  thickness  at 
the  time  of  their  erection  was  in  accord- 
ance with  the  requirements  of  the  then 
existing  laws,  but  which  are  not  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  requirements  of  this 
code,  may  be  used,  if  in  good  condition, 
for  the  ordinary  uses  of  party  walls,  pro- 
vided the  height  of  the  same  be  not  In- 


Lining  Existing  Walls.  '*  . 

Sec.  39. — In  case  it  is  desired  to  in- 
crease the  height  of  existing  party  or  in- 
dependent walls,  which  are  less  in  thick- 
ness than  required  under  this  code,  the 
same  shall  be  done  by  a lining  of  brick- 
work to  form  a combined  thickness  with 
the  old  wall  of  not  less  than  four  inches 
more  than  the  thickness  required  for  a 
new  wall  corresponding  with  the  total 
height  of  the  wall  when  so  increased  in 
height.  The  said  linings  shall  be  sup- 
ported on  proper  foundations  and  carried 
up  to  such  height  as  the  commissioner  of 
buildings  having  jurisdiction  may  require. 
No  lining  shall  be  less  than  eight  inches  in 
thickness, and  all  lining  shall  be  laid  up  in 
cement  mortar  and  thoroughly  anchored 
to  the  old  brick  walls  with  suitable 
wrougbt-iron  anchors,  placed  two  feet 
apart  and  properly  fastened  or  driven  in- 
to the  old  walls  in  rows  alternating  ver- 
tically and  horizontally  with  each  other, 
the  old  walls  being  first  cleaned  of  plas- 
ter or  other  coatings  where  any  lirring 
is  to  be  built  against  the  same.  No  rub- 
ble wall  shall  be  lined  except  after  in- 
spection and  approval  by  the  department. 

Walls  of  Unfinished  Buildings. 

Sec.  40. — Any  building,  the  erection  of 
which  was  commenced  in  accordance  with 
specifications  and  plans  submitted  to  and 
approved  by  the  department  of  buildings 
prior  to  the  passage  of  this  code,  if 
properly  constructed,  and  in  safe  condi- 
tion. may  be  completed,  or  built  upon  in 
accordance  with  the  requirements  of  law. 
as  to  thickness  of  walls,  in  force  at  the 
time  when  such  specification  and  plans 
were  approved. 

Walla  Tied,  Anchored  and  Brared. 

Sec.  41.  In  no  case  shall  any  wall  or 
walls  of  any  building  be  carried  up  more 
than  two  stories  in  advance  of  any  other 
wall,  except  by  permission  of  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdic- 
tion, but  this  prohibition  shall  not  in- 
clude the  inclosure  walls  for  skeleton 
buildings.  The  front,  rear,  side  and 
party  walls  shall  be  properly  bonded  to- 
gether. or  anchored  to  each  other  every 
six  feet  in  their  height  by  wrought-iron 
tie  anchors,  not  less  than  one  and  a half 
Inches  by  three-eighths  of  an  Inch  in  size, 
and  not  less  than  twenty-four  inches  in 
length.  The  side  anchor  shall  be  built 
into  the  side  or  party  walls  not  less 
ihan  sixteen  inches,  and  into  the  front 
and  rear  walls,  so  as  to  secure  the  front 
and  rear  walls  to  the  aide,  or  party  walls, 
when  not  built  and  bonded  together.  All 
exterior  p.ers  shall  be  anchored  to  th» 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


33 


beams  or  girders  on  the  level  of  each 
tier.  The  walls  and  beams  o£  every 
building,  during  the  erection  or  altera- 
tion thereof,  shall  be  strongly  braced 
from  the  beams  of  each  story,  and  when 
required,  shall  also  be  braced  from  the 
outside,  until  the  building  is  inclosed. 
The  roof  tier  of  wood  beams  shall  be 
safely  anchored,  with  plank  or  joist,  to 
the  beams  of  the  story  below  until  the 
building  is  inclosed. 

Arches  and  Lintels. 

Sec.  42.  Openings  for  doors  and  windows 
in  all  buildings,  shall  have  good  and  suf- 
ficient arches  of  stone,  brick,  or  terra- 
cotta, well  built  and  keyed  with  good 
and  sufficient  abutments,  or  lintels  of 
stone,  iron  or  steel  of  sufficient  strength, 
which  shall  have  a bearing  at  each  end 
of  not  less  than  five  inches  on  the  wall. 
On  the  inside  of  all  openings  in  which 
lintels  shall  be  less  than  the  thickness 
of  the  wall  to  be . supported,  there  shall 
be  timber  lintels,  which  shall  rest  at 
each  end  not  more  than  three  inches  on 
any  wall,  which  shall  be  chamfered  at 
each  end.  and  shall  have  a suitable  arch 
turned  over  the  timber  lintel.  Or  the 
inside  lintel  may  be  of  cast  Iron,  or 
wrought  iron,  or  steel,  and  in  such  case 
stone  blocks  or  rast-iron  pla'es  shall  not 
be  required  at  the  ends  where  the  lintel 
rests  on  the  walls,  provided  the  opening 
is  not  more  than  six  feet  In  width. 

All  masonry  arches  shall  be  capable 
of  sustaining  the  weight  and  pressure 
which  (hey  are  designed  to  carry,  and 
the  stress  at  any  point  shall  not  exceed 
the  working  stress  for  the  material  us°d. 
as  given  In  section  139  of  this  code.  Tie 
rods  shall  be  used  where  necessary  to 
eecure  stability. 

Parapet  Walla. 

Sec.  43.  All  exterior  and  division  or 
party  walls  over  fifteen  feet  high,  ex- 
cepting where  such  walls  are  to  be  fin- 
ished with  cornices,  gutters  or  crown 
moldings,  shall  have  parapet  walls  not 
less  than  eight  Inches  in  thickness  and 
carried  two  feet  above  the  roof,  but 
for  warehouses,  factories,  stores  and 
other  buildings  used  for  commercial  or 
manufacturing  purposes  the  parapet  walls 
shall  be  not  less  than  twelve  inches  in 
thickness  and  carried  three  feet  above 
the  roof,  and  all  such  walls  shall  he 
coped  with  stone,  terra-cotta  or  cast  iron. 

Hollow  Walla. 

Sec.  44.  In  all  walls  that,  are  built  hol- 
low the  same  quantity  of  stone,  brick 
or  concrete  ohall  be  used  In  their  con- 
struction as  If  they  were  built  solid, 
as  In  this  code  provided,  and  no  hollow 
wall  ahall  be  built  unless  tho  parts  of 
same  are  connected  by  proper  tics,  either 
of  brick,  stone  or  Iron,  placed  not  over 
twenty-four  Inches  apart. 

Hollow  Ilrlck*  on  Ineirir  of  Walls. 

Sec.  43.  Tho  Inside  four  Inches  of  all 
walls  may  be  built  of  hard-burnt  hollow 
brick,  properly  tied  and  bonded  Into  the 
walls,  and  of  the  dimension  of  ordinary 
brl'-ks.  Where  hollow  tile  or  porous 
t»rra-roffa  blocks  are  u°ed  ns  lining  or 
furring  for  walls,  they  shall  not  be  in- 
cluded In  the  measurement  of  tha  thick- 
ness of  such  walls. 

RfffMri  and  Chases  In  Wnlls. 

Sec.  46.  Recesses  for  stairways  or  ele- 
vators may  be  left  in  the  foundation  or 
cellar  walls  of  all  buildings,  but  in  no 
case  shall  the  walls  be  of  loss  thickness 
than  the  walls  of  the  fourth  story,  unless 
reinforced  by  additional  piers  with  Iron 
or  steel  girders,  or  Iron  or  steel  columns 
snd  girders,  securely  anchored  to  walls 
on  each  side.  Recesses  (or  alcoves  and 
similar  purposes  shall  have  not  less  than 
eight  loehes  of  brickwork  at  the  back  of 
such  recesses,  and  such  recesses  shall  be 
not  more  than  eight  feet  in  width,  and 
shall  be  arched  over  or  spanned  with 
Iron  or  steel  lintels,  and  not  carried  up 
higher  than  eighteen  inches  below  the 
bottom  of  the  beams  of  the  floor  next 
above.  No  chase  for  water  or  other  pipes 


shall  be  made  In  any  pier,  and  in  no 
wall  more  than  one-third  of  its  thickness. 
The  chases  around  said  pipe  or  pipes 
shall  be  filled  up  with  solid  masonry  for 
the  space  of  one  foot  at  the  top  and  bot- 
tom of  each  story.  No  horizontal  recess 
or  chase  in  any  wall  shall  be  allowed 
exceeding  four  feet  in  length  without  per- 
mission of  the  commissioner  of  buildings 
having  jurisdiction.  The  aggregate  area 
of  recesses  and  chases  in  any  wall  shall  | 
not  exceed  one-fourth  of  the  whole  area  j 
of  the  face  of  the  wall  on  any  story,  nor  j 
shall  any  such  recess  be  made  within  a 
distance  of  six  feet  from  any  other  re- 
cess in  the  same  wall. 

Fnrrert  M alls, 

See.  47.  In  all  walls  furred  with  wood  • 
the  brickwork  between  the  ends  of  wood 
beams  shall  project  the  thickness  of  the 
furring  beyond  the  inner  face  of  the  wall 
for  the  full  depth  of  the  beams. 


tween  the  wood  floor  beams  and  rest  on 
the  top  plate  of  the  partition  below,  and 
shall  have  the  studding  filled  in  solid  be- 
tween the  uprights  to  the  depth  of  the 
floor  beams,  with  suitable  incombustible 
materials. 

Timber  in  iValls  Prohibited. 

Sec.  52.  No  timber  shall  be  used  In  any 
wall  of  any  building  where  stone,  brick 
or  iron  is  commonly  used,  excopt  inside 
lintels,  as  herein  provided,  and  brace 
blocks  not  more  than  eight  inches  in 
length. 


PART  VII. 

APARTMENT  HOUSES,  TENEMENT 
HOUSES  AND  DWELLINGS  OP 
CERTAIN  HEIGHTS. 


Light  nnd  Vent  Shaft*. 

Sec.  4S.  In  every  building  hereafter 
erected  or  altered,  all  the  walls  or  par- 
titions forming  interior  light  or  vent 
shafts,  shall  be  built  of  brick,  or  such 
other  fireproof  materials  as  may  be  ap- 
proved by  the  commissioner  of  buildings 
having  Jurisdiction.  The  walls  of  all  light 
or  vent  shafts,  whether  exterior  or  inte- 
rior, hereafter  erected,  shall  be  carried 
up  not  less  than  three  feet  above  the 
level  of  the  roof,  and  the  brick  walls 
coped  as  other  parapet  walls.  Vent 
shafts  to  light  interior  bath-rooms  in 
private  dwellings  may  be  built  of  wood 
filled  in  solidly  with  brick  or  hard-burnt 
clay  blocks,  when  extending  through  not 
more  than  one  story  in  height,  and  car- 
ried not  less  than  two  feet  above  the  roof, 
covered  with  a ventilating  skylight  of 
meial  and  glass. 

Brick  nnd  Hollow  Tile  Partition*. 

Sec.  49.  Eight-inch  brick  and  six-iuch 
and  four-inch  hollow  tile  partitions,  of 
hard-burnt,  clay,  or  porous  terra-cotta, 
may  be  built,  not  exceeding  in  their  ver- 
tical portions  a measurement  of  fifty, 
thirty-six  and  twenty-four  feet  respec- 
tively, and  in  their  horizontal  measure- 
ment a length  not  exceeding  seventy-five 
feet,  unless  strengthened  by  proper 
crosswalls,  piers  or  buttresses,  or  built 
in  iron  or  steel  framework.  All  such 
partitions  shall  be  carried  on  proper 
foundations,  or  on  iron  or  steel  girders, 

I or  on  iron  or  steel  girders  and  columns 
I or  piers  of  masonry. 

Cellar  Partition*  In  Residence  Rnlld- 
lng*. 

Sec.  50.  One  line  of  fore-and-aft  parti- 
tions in  the  cellar  or  lowest  story,  sup- 
porting stud  partitions  itDove,  In  alt  resi- 
dence buildings  over  twenty  feet  between 
bearing  walls  In  the  cellar  or  lowest 
story,  hereafter  erected,  shall  bo  con- 
structed of  brick,  not  less  than  eight 
Inches  thick,  or  piers  of  brick  with  open- 
ings arched  over  below  the  under  side  of 
j the  first  tier  of  beams,  or  girders  of  Iron 
; or  steel  and  iron  columns,  or  piers  of 
masonry  may  be  used;  or  If  iron  or  steel 
floor  beams  spanning  the  distance  be- 
tween bearing  walls  are  used  of  adequate 
strength  to  pupport  the  stud  partitions 
above  in  addition  to  the  floor  load  to  be 
sustained  by  the  said  Iron  or  pteol  beams, 
then  the  fore-and-aft  briek  partition,  or 
Its  equivalent,  may  b«  omitted. 

Stud  partitions,  which  may  be  placed  In 
th"  cellar  or  lowest  story  of  any  building, 
shall  have  good  solid  stone  or  brick  foun- 
dation walls  under  the  same,  which  shall 
be  built  up  to  the  top  of  the  floor  beams 
or  sleepers,  and  the  sills  of  said  parti- 
tions shall  be  of  locust  or  other  suitable 
hard  wood:  but  If  tho  wall*  nro  built  five 
inches  higher  of  brick  than  the  top  of  the 
floor  beams  or  sleepers,  nny  wooden  Hill 
may  be  used  on  which  the  studs  shall  bo 
I set. 

'Inin  Stall  Partition*, 

flee.  61.  In  residence  buildings  where 
fore-and-aft  stud  partitions  rest  directly 
I over  ca.h  other,  they  shall  run  dowu  bi- 


See.  53.  Every  non-fireproof  building 
hereafter  erected  or  altered  for  an  apart- 
ment house  or  tenement  house,  five  stories 
in  height,  or  having  a basement  and  four 
stories  in  height  above  a cellar,  to  be 
occupied  by  one  or  more  families  on  any 
floor  above  the  first  shall  have  the  first 
floor  above  the  cellar  or  lowest  story 
constructed  fireproof  In  such  manner  as 
required  in  section  106  of  this  code.  When 
any  such  non-fireproof  building,  exceeding 
five  stories  in  height  or  having  a base- 
ment and  five  stories  in  height  above  a 
cellar,  has  a store  on  the  first  story,  the 
entire  second  story  floor  shall  also  be 
constructed  fireproof.  No  non-fireproof 
apartment  house,  tenement  house  or 
dwelling  house  shall  be  hereafter  erected 
more  than  six  stories  in  height,  nor  ex- 
ceed a height  of  seventy-five  feet,  unless 
such  building  has  both  the  first  and  sec- 
ond story  floors  constructed  fireproof, 
and  then  the  height  shall  be  not  more 
than  seven  stories  nor  exceed  eighty-five 
feet  in  height.  Fireproof  apartment 
houses  or  tenement  houses,  if  construct- 
ed entirely  in  accordance  with  the  re- 
quirements of  section  105  of  this  code, 
for  fireproof  construction  may  be  erected 
to  a height  not  to  exceed  one  hundred 
and  fifty  feet,  but  not  more  than  twelve 
stories  in  height  upon  all  streets  and 
avenues  exceeding  seventy-nine  feet  in 
width,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty-five 
feet,  but  not  more  than  ten  stories  in 
height  upon  all  streets  and  avenues  not 
exceeding  seventy-nine  feet  In  width,  but 
any  such  building  when  exceeding  one 
hundred  feet  in  height  shall  be  not  less 
than  forty  feet  In  width.  If  any  such 
building  shall  have  a frontage  exceeding 
forty  feet  and  exceeds  eighty-five  feet  In 
height.  It  shall  have  at  least  two  sep- 
arate fireproof  stairways  accessible  from 
each  apartment,  leading  from  the  ground 
floor  to  tho  roof,  one  of  which  shall  be 
remote  from  elevator  shafts. 

The  stairs  from  the  cellar  or  lowest 
6tory  to  tho  fireproof  floor  next  above, 
when  placed  within  any  such  building, 
shall  be  located,  when  practicable,  to  tho 
roar  of  tho  stalrcaso  leading  from  the 
first  story  to  the  upper  stories  and  bo 
Inclosed  with  brick  or  stone  walls,  and 
such  stairways  shall  be  provided  with 
self-closing  fireproof  doors  at.  tho  top 
and  bottom  of  said  flight  of  stairs.  When 
such  stairway  Is  placed  underneath  the 
first  story  stalrcaso.  It  shall  be  con- 
strue’ed  fireproof  and  be  roofed  over  with 
fireproof  material,  nnd  bo  also  inclosed 
with  brick  walls,  with  self-closing  fire- 
proof doors  at  the  top  and  bottom  of  said 
flight  of  stairs. 

When  the  stairs  from  the  first,  story  to 
the  cellar  or  lowegt  story  are  located  In 
an  open  side  court  the  door  leading 
thereto  from  the  first  story  may  be  placed 
underneath  the  staircase  In  tho  first  story, 
and  tho  strings  and  railings  of  such  ont- 
slde  stairs  shall  be  of  Iron,  and  If  tho 
stairs  be  Inclosed  from  the  weather  In- 
combustible material  only  shall  bo  used 
for  that  purpose.  No  closet  shall  be  enn- 
8‘nieted  underneath  the  first  slory  stair- 
case, but  the  spars  thereunder  shall  b* 
left  entirely  open  and  kept  free  from  in- 


34 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


cutnbrance,  but  this  shall  not  prohibit 
the  inclosing  without  openings  the  under 
portions  of  the  staircase  from  the  foot  of 
th6  same  to  a point  where  the  height  from 
the  floor  line  to  the  soffit  of  the  stair- 
case shall  not  exceed  five  feet. 

All  non-fireproof  apartment  houses  and 
tenement  houses  exceeding  five  stories  in 
height,  or  having  a basement  and  five 
stories  in  height  above  a cellar,  shall  be 
constructed  as  in  this  section  before  de- 
scribed, and  shall  also  have  the  halls  and 
stairs  inclosed  with  twelve-inch  brick 
walls.  Bight-inch  brick  walls  not  exceed- 
ing fifty  feet  in  their  vertical  measure- 
ment, may  inclose  said  halls  and  stairs, 
and  be  used  as  bearing  walls  where  the 
distance  between  the  outside  bearing 
walls  does  not  exceed  thirty-three  feet, 
and  the  area  between  the  said  brick  in- 
closure walls  does  not  exceed  one  Hun- 
dred and  eighty  superficial  feet.  1M 
floors,  stairs  and  ceilings  in  said  nal1 
and  stairways  shall  be  made  of  iron,  steel, 
brick,  stone,  tile,  cement,  or  other  nara 
'Incombustible  materials,  excepting  a 
the  flooring  and  sleepers  underneath  tne 
same  may  be  of  wood  and  the  hand-rails 
of  the  stairs  may  be  of  hard  wood,  an 
the  treads  may  be  of  oak  not  less  tha 
one  and  five-eighths  of  an  inch  in  Sick- 
ness, provided  that  where  such  wooden 
treads  are  used  the  under  side  of  the 
stairs  shall  be  entirely  lathed  with  iron 
or  wire  lath,  and  plastered  thereon, 
covered  with  metal.  At  least  one  flight  of 
such  stairs  in  each  of  said  buildings  sha 
extend  to  the  roof,  and  be  incloseo  in  a 
bulkhead  built  of  fireproof  materials,  the 
said  halls  and  stairways  shall  have  a 
connecting  fireproof  hallway  inclosed  with 
suitable  walls  of  brick  or  such  other  fire 
proof  materials  including  the  ceiling  i 
all  cases,  as  may  be  approved  by  the 
commissioner  of  buildings  having  juris- 
diction, in  the  first  story  and  extend  to 
the  street. 

PART  VIII. 

VAULTS,  AREAS  AXD  CELLARS. 
Cellars  to  Be  Connected  with  Sewers. 

Sec. '54.  Before  the  walls  of  buildings 
are  carried  up  above  the  foundation  walls 
the  cellar  shall  be  connected  with  the 
street  sewers.  Should  there  be  no  sewer 
in  the  street,  or  if  the  cellars  are  below 
water  level,  or  below  the  sewer  lei  el, 
t ion  provision  shall  be  made  by  the  own- 

to  prevent  water  accumulating  in  the 
cellars  to  the  injury  of  the  foundations. 

Vault*  Untie*  Sidewalks. 

Sec.  55.  In  buildings  where  the  space 
tinder  the  sidewalk  is  utilized,  a suffi- 
cient stone  or  brick  wail,  or  brick  arches 
between  iron  or  steel  beams,  shall  be 
built  io  retain  the  roadway  of  the  street, 
and  the  side,  end  or  party  walls  of  such 
buildings  shall  extend  under  the  side- 
walk, of  sufficient  thickness,  to  such 
.wa.ll.'  .Roofs  of  ail  vaults  shall  be  of  in- 
combustible material.  Openings  in  the 
roofs  of  vaults  for  the  admission  of  coal 
or  light,  or  for  manholes,  or  for  any  other 
purposes,  if  placed  outside  the  area  line, 
shall  be  covered  with  glass  set  in  iron 
frames,  each  glass  to  measure  not  more 
than  sixteen  square  inches,  or  with  iron 
covers  having  a rough  surface,  and  rab- 
beted flush  with  the  sidewalks.  When 
any  such  cover  is  placed  in  any  side- 
walk. It  shall  be  placed  as  near  as  prac- 
ticable to  the  outside  line  of  the  curb. 
All  vaults  shall  be  thoroughly  ventilated. 

Areas. 

Sec.  5G.  All  areas  shall  be  properly 
protected  with  suitable  railings,  or  cov- 
ered over. 

When  areas  are  covered  over,  iron,  or 
Iron  and  glass  combined,  stone  or  other 
incombustible  materials  shall  be  used, 
and  supported  on  brick  or  stone  walls, 
or  on  iron  or  steel  beams. 

Cellar  Floors. 

Sec.  57.  The  floor  of  the  cellar  or  low- 
est story  in  every  dtvelling  house,  apart- 
ment house,  tenement  house,  lodging 
house,  hotel,  workshop,  factory,  school, 


church,  hospital  and  asylum  hereafter 
erected,  shall  be  concreted  not  less  than 
four  inches  thick. 

Where  wood  floors  are  to  be  laid  in 
such  cellars  or  lowest  stories,  the  sleep- 
ers shall  be  placed  on  top  of  the  con- 
crete. 

Cellar  Ceilings. 

Sec.  58.  The  ceiling  over  every  cellar 
or  lowest  floor  in  every  residence  build- 
ing more  than  four  stories  in  height, 
hereafter  erected,  when  the  beams  are 
of  wood,  shall  be  lathed  with  iron  or 
wire  lath  and  plastered  thereon  with  two 
coats  of  brown  mortar  of  good  materials, 
or  such  other  fireproof  covering  as  may 
be  approved  by  the  commissioner  of 
buildings  having  jurisdiction. 


PAST  IX. 

WOOD  BEAMS,  GIRDERS  AND  COL- 
l MAS. 

Wood  Beams. 

Sec.  59.  All  wood  beams  and  other  tim- 
bers in  the  party  wall  of  every  building 
built  of  stone,  brick  or  iron,  shall  be  sep- 
arated from  the  beam  or  timber  entering 
in  the  opposite  side  of  the  wall  by  at 
least  four  inches  of  solid  mason  work. 
No  wood  floor  beams  or  wood  roof  beams 
used  in  any  building,  hereafter  erected, 
shall  be  of"  a less  thickness  than  three 
Inches.  All  wood  trimmer  and  header 
beams  shall  bo  proportioned  to  carry  with 
safety  the  loads  they  are  intended  to 
sustain.  Every  wood  header  or  trim- 
mer more  than  four  feet  long,  used  in 
any  building,  shall  be  hung  in  stirrup- 
irons  of  suitable  thickness  for  the  size 
of  the  timbers.  Every  wood  beam,  ex- 
cept header  and  tail  beams,  shall  rest  at 
one  end  four  inches  in  the  wall,  or  upon 
a girder  as  authorized  by  this  code.  The 
ends  of  ail  wood  floor  and  roof  beams, 
where  they  rest  on  brick  walls,  shall  be 
cut  to  a bevel  of.  three  inches  on  their 
depth.  In  no  case  shall  either  end  of  a 
floor  or  roof  beam  be  supported  on  stud 
partitions,  except  in  frame  buildings.  A'll 
wood  floor  and  wood  roof  beams  shall  be 
properly  bridged  with  cross  bridging,  and 
the  distance  between  bridging  or  be- 
tween bridging  and  wails  shall  not  ex- 
ceed eight  feet.  All  wood  beams  shall 
be  trimmed  away  from  all  flues  and 
chimneys,  whether  the  same  be  a smoke, 
air  or  any  other  flue  or  chimney.  The 
trimmer  beam  shall  not  be  less  than 
eight  Inches  from  the  inside  face  of  a 
flue  and  four  inches  from  the  outside  of 
a chimney  breast,  and  the  header  beam 
not  less  than  two  inches  from  the  outside 
face  of  the  brick  or  stone  work  of  the 
same;  except  that  for  the  smoke  flues  of 
boilers  and  furnaces  where  the  brick- 
work is  reauired  to  be  eight  inches  in 
thickness,  the  trimmer  beam  shall  be  not 
less  than  twelve  inches  from  the  inside 
of  the  flue.  The  header  beam,  carrying 
the  tail  beams  of  a floor,  and  supporting 
the  trimmer  arch  in  front  of  a fireplace, 
shall  he  not  less  than  twenty  inches  from 
the  chimney  breast.  The  safe  carrying 
capacity  of  wood  beams  for  uniformly 
distributed  leads  shall  be  determined  by 
multiplying  the  area  in  square  inches  by 
its  depth  in  inches  and  dividing  this 
product  by  the  span  of  the  beam  in 
feet.  This  result  is  to  be  multiplied  by 
seventy  for  hemlock,  ninety  for  spruce 
and  white  nine,  one  hundred  and  twenty 
for  oak.  and  by  one  hundred  and  forty  for 
yellow  pine.  The  safe  carrying  capacity 
of  short  snan  timber  beams  shall  be  de- 
termined by  their  resistance  to  shear  in 
accordance  with  the  unit  stresses  fixed 
by  section  139  of  this  code. 

Anchor*  and  Straps  for  AVood  Beams 
and  Girders. 

Sec.  60.  Each  tier  of  beams  shall  be 
anchored  to  the  side,  front,  rear  or  party 
walls  at  intervals  of  not  more  than  six 
feet  apart,  with  good  strong,  wrought 
iron  an  hors  of  not  less  fhan  one  and  a 
half  inches  by  three-eighths  of  an  inch  In 
size,  well  fastened  to  the  side  of  the 
beams  by  two  or  more  sails  made  ot 


wrought  iron  at  least  one-fourth  of  aa 
Inch  in  diameter.  Where  the  beams  are 
supported  by  girders,  the  girders  shall  be 
anchored  to  the  walls  and  fastened  to 
each  other  by  suitable  iron  straps.  The 
ends  of  wood  beams  resting  upon  gird- 
ers shall  be  butted  together  end  to  end 
and  strapped  by  wrought  iron  straps  of 
the  same  size  and  distance  apart,  and  in 
the  same  beam  as  the  wall  anchors,  and 
shall  be  fastened  in  the  same  manner  as 
said  wall  anchors. 

Or  they  may  lap  each  other  at  least 
twelve  inches  and  be  well  spiked  or 
bolted  together  where  lapped. 

Each  tier  of  beams  front  and  rear,  op- 
posite each  pier,  shall  have  hard  wood 
anchor  strips  dovetailed  into  the  beams 
diagonally,  which  strips  shall  cover  at 
least  four  beams  and  be  one  inch  thick 
and  four  inches  wide,  but  no  such  an- 
chor strips  shall  be  let  In  within  four 
feet  of  the  center  line  of  the  beams;  or 
wood  strips  may  be  nailed  on  the  top  of 
the  beams  and  kept  in  place  until  the 
floors  are  being  laid.  Every  pier  and 
wall,  front  or  rear,  shall  be  well  an- 
chored to  the  beams  of  each  story,  with 
the  same  size  anchors  as  are  required  for 
side  walls,  which  anchors  shall  hook  over 
the  fourth  beam. 

Wood  Columns  and  Plnte*. 

See.  61.  All  timber  columns  shall  be 
squared  at  the  ends  perpendicular  to 
their  axes. 

To  prevent  the  unit  stresses  from  ex- 
ceeding those  fixed  in  this  code,  timber  or 
iron  cap  and  base  plates  shall  be  pro- 
vided. 

Additional  iron  cheek  plates  shall  be 
placed  between  the  cap  and  base  plates 
and  bolted  to  the  girders  when  required 
to  transmit  the  loads  with  safety. 

Timber  for  Trnsres. 

See.  62.  When  compression  members  of 
trusses  are  of  timber  they  shall  be 
strained  in  the  direction  of  the  fiber  only. 
When  timber  is  strained  in  tension,  it 
shall  be  strained  in  the  direction  of  the 
fiber  only.  The  working  stress  in  timber 
struts  of  pin-connected  trusses  shall  not 
exceed  seventy-five  per  cent,  of  the 
working  stresses  established  in  section 
139,  this  code. 

Bolt*  and  Wnahers  for  Timber  Work, 

Sec.  63.  All  bolts  used  In  connection 
with  timber  and  wood  beam  work  shall 
be  provided  with  washers  of  such  propor- 
tions as  will  reduce  the  compression  on 
the  wood  at  the  face  of  the  washer  to 
that  allowed  In  section  139.  this  cade, 
supposing  the  bolt  to  be  strained  la  Its 
limit. 


PART  X. 

CHIMNEYS,  FLUES,  FIREPLACES 
AND  HEATING  PIPES. 
Trimmer  Arches. 

Sec.  64.  All  fireplaces  and  chimney 
breasts  where  mantels  are  placed,  wheth- 
er Intended  for  ordinary  fireplace  uses 
or  not,  shall  have  trimmer  arches  to  sup- 
port hearths,  and  the  said  arches  shall  be 
at  least  twenty  Inches  in  width,  measured 
from  the  face  of  the  chimney  breast,  and 
they  shall  be  constructed  of  brick,  stone 
or  burnt  clay.  The  length  of  a trimmer 
arch  shall  be  not  less  than  the  wldlth 
of  the  chimney  brea«t.  Wood  centers  un- 
der trimmer  arches  shall  be  removed  be- 
fore plastering  the  ceiling  underneath.  If 
a heater  Is  placed  in  a fireplace,  then  the 
hearth  shall  be  the  full  width  of  the 
heater.  All  fireplaces  In  which  heaters 
are  placed  shall  have  Incombustible 
mantels.  No  wood  mantel  or  other  wood- 
work shall  be  exposed  back  of  a summer 
piece;  the  Ironwork  of  the  summer  piece 
shall  be  placed  against  the  back  or  stone 
work  of  the  fireplace.  No  fireplace  shall 
be  closed  with  a wood  fireboard. 

Chimney*,  Fine*  and  Fireplace*. 

Seo.  66.  All  fireplaces  aud  chimneys  !a 
I stone  or  brick  wails  in  any  building  here- 
I after  erected,  except  as  here,:.  other ».»• 


THE  BUILDING  CODE, 


35 


provided,  and  anv  chimney,  or  flue  here- 
after altered  or  repaired,  without  refer- 
ence to  the  purpose  for  which  they  may 
be  used,  shall  have  the  joints  struck 
smooth  on  the  inside,  except  when  lined 
on  the  inside  with  pipe.  No  parging  mor- 
tar shall  be  used  on  the  inside  of  any 
fireplace,  chimney  or  flue.  The  flrebacks 
of  all  fireplaces  hereafter  erected  shall 
be  not  less  than  eight  inches  in  thickness, 
of  solid  masonry.  When  a grate  is  set  in 
a fireplace,  a lining  of  fire  brick  at  least 
two  inches  In  thickness  shall  be  added  to 
the  fireback,  unless  soapstone,  tile  or 
( ast  iron  is  used,  and  filled  solidly  behind 


with  fireproof  material.  The  stone  °r 
brickwork  of  the  smoke  flues  of  all  bon- 
ers, furnaces,  bakers'  ovens,  large  c5,°k- 
ing  ranges,  large  laundry  stoves,  and  all 
flues  used  for  a similar  purpose  shall  be 
at  least  eight  inches  in  thickness,  and 
shall  be  capped  with  terra-cotta,  stone  or 
cast  iron.  ....  „ 

The  inside  four  inches  of  all  boiler  flues 
shall  be  Are  brick,  laid  in  fire  mortar.  Tor 
a distance  of  twenty-five  feet  in  any 
direction  from  the  source  of  heat.  All 
smoke  flues  of  smelting  furnaces  or  of 
steam  boilers,  or  other  apparatus  which 
heat  the  flues  to  a high  temperature,  shall 
be  built  with  double  walls  of  suitable 
thickness  for  the  temperature  with  an  air 
space  between  the  walls,  the  inside  four 
inches  of  the  flues  to  be  of  fire  brick.  All 
smoke  flues  shall  extend  at  least  three 
feet  above  a flat  roof,  and  at.  least  two 
feet  above  a peak  roof. 

On  dwelling  houses  and  stables,  three 
stories  or  less  in  height,  not  less  than  six 
of  the  top  courses  of  a chimney  may  be 
laid  in  pure  cement  mortar  and  the 
brickwork  carefully  bonded  and  anchored 
together  in  lieu  of  coping. 

In  all  buildings  hereafter  erected  every 
smoke  flue,  except  the  flues  hereinbefore 
mentioned,  shall  be  lined  on  the  inside 
with  cast  Iron  or  well-burnt  clay,  or 
terra-cotta  pipe,  made  smooth  on  the  In- 
side. from  the  bottom  of  the  flue,  or  from 
the  throat  of  the  flrpplace.  if  'he  flue 
starts  from  the  latter,  and  carried  up 
continuously  to  the  extreme  height  o,  the 
flue  The  ends  of  all  such  lining  pipes 
shail  he  made  to  fli  close  together,  and 
the  pipe  shall  be  built  in  as  the  flue  or 
flues  are  carried  up.  Each  smoke  pipe 
•-hall  be  Inclosed  on  all  sides  with  not 
less  than  four  inches  of  brickwork  prop- 
erly bonded  together. 

Ml  flues  in  every  building:  snail  n® 
nroperly  cleaned  and  all  rubbish  removed, 
and  the  flues  left  smooth  on  the  inside 
upon  the  completion  of  the  building. 


rhlmney  Sopporis. 

fie.-.  66.  No  chimney  shall  he  siarted  or 
built  upon  anv  floor  or  b*am  of  wood. 

In  no  case  shall  a rh'mn*"  be  *orb°l*1 
out  more  than  eight  inches  from  the  wall, 
and  In  all  such  cases  the  corbeling  shail 
• insist  of  at  least  flve  courses  of  br!*k.  ; 
but  no  corbeling  more  than  four  inches 
shall  be  allowed  in  eight-inch  brick  walls. 
Where  chimneys  are  supported  by  piers, 
the  piers  shall  start  from  the  foundation 
on  the  same  line  with  the  chimney  brea**'. 
and  shall  bo  not  less  than  twelve  Inch-s 
on  the  fate,  properly  bonded  Into  the 
".alls.  When  a chimney  Is  to  be  cut  off 
below.  In  whole  or  In  part,  It  shall  be 
wholly  supported  by  stone,  brick,  iron  or 
steel.  All  chimneys  which  shall  be  dan- 
gerous In  any  manner  whatever,  shall  be  ^ 
repaired  and  made  safe,  or  taken  down. 


Clilnincye  of  Copoliy. 

Her.  67.  Iron  cupola  chimneys  of  foun- 
dries shall  extend  at  least  ten  feet  above 
the  highest  point  of  any  roof  within  a 
radius  of  fifty  feet  of  such  cupola,  and  be 
uvered  on  top  with  a heavy  wire  netting. 
No  woodwork  shall  be  placed  within  two 
feet  of  the  cupola. 


Mn»  Air  Floes,  Pipes  nod  Vent  Dnets. 

Sec.  6*.  All  stone  or  brick  hot  sir  flues 
snd  shafts  shall  be  lined  with  tin,  gai- 
\antzed  Iron  or  burnt-clsy  pipes.  No  wood 
casing,  furring  or  lath  shall  be  placed 
against  or  cover  any  smoke  flue  or  metal 
pipe  used  to  ■•uvejr  ho:  sir  nr  s.c-ara.  No 
pine  st',',1  IPs*  through  any  wojd 


floor.  No  stove  pipe  shall  be  placed  near-  j 
er  than  nine  inches  to  any  lath  and  plas-  | 
ter  or  board  partition,  ceiling  or  any  * 
woodwork.  Smoke  pipes  of  laundry  stoves, 
large  cooking  ranges  and  of  furnaces  shall 
be  not  less  than  fifteen  inches  from  any 
woodwork,  unless  they  are  properly 
guarded  by  metal  shields;  if  so  guarded, 
stovepipes  shall  he  not  less  than  six 
Inches  distant,  smokepipes  of  laundry  ; 
stoves,  large  cooking  ranges  and  of  fur- 
naces shall  be  not  less  than  nine  inches 
distant  from  any  woodwork.  Where  smoke 
pipes  pass  through  a lath  and  plaster  par- 
tition they  shall  be  guarded  by  galvanized 
iron  ventilated  thimbles  at  least  twelve 
inches  larger  in  diameter  than  the  pipes, 
or  by  galvanized  iron  thimbles  built  in  at 
least  eight  inches  of  brickwork. 
smoke  pipe  shall  pass  through  the  roof  < 1, 
any  building  unless  a special  permit  be 
first  obtained  from  the  building  depart- 
ment for  the  same.  If  a permit  is  so 
granted,  then  the  roof  through  which  the 
smoke  pipe  passes  shall  be  protected  in 
the  following  manner:  A galvanized  iron 
ventilated  thimble  of  the  following  di- 
mensions shall  be  placed:  in  case  of  a 
stovepipe,  the  diameter  of  the  outside 
guard  shall  be  not  less  than  twelve  inches 
and  the  diameter  of  the  inner  one,  eight 
Inches,  and  for  all  furnaces,  or  where 
similar  large  hot  fires  are  used,  the  dia- 
meter of  the  outside  guard  shall  be  not 
less  than  eighteen  inches  and  the'diame-! 
ter  of  the  inner  one.  twelve  inches.  The  j 
smoke  pipe  thimbles  shall  extend  from 
the  under  side  of  the  ceiling  or  roof 
beams  to  at  least  nine  inches  above  the  | 
roof,  and  they  shall  have  openings  for) 
ventilation  at  the  lower  end  where  th?j 
smoke  pipes  enter,  also  at  the  top  of  the 
guards  above  the  roof.  Where  a smoke  j 
pipe  of  a boiler  passes  through  a roof.  ) 
the  same  shall  be  guarded  by  a ventilated 
thimble,  same  as  before  specified,  thirty- 
six  inches  larger  than  the  diameter  of 
the  3moke  pipe  of  the  boiler.  Tin  or  othe" 
metal  pipes  in  brick  or  stone  walls,  used 
or  intended  to  be  used  to  convey  hoatsd 
air.  shall  be  covered  with  brick  or  stone 
at.  least  four  inches  in  thickness.  Wood-  j 
work  near  hot-air  pipes  snail  be  guard- j 
ed  in  the  following  manner:  A hot-air 
pipe  shall  be  placed  inside  anothe- 
one  Inch  larger  in  diameter,  or  a rnetai 
shield  shall  be  placed  not  less  than  one- 
half  inch  from  the  hot-air  pipe;  the  out- 
side pipe  or  the  metal  shield  shall  re- 
main one  and  a half  inches  away  from  the 
woodwork,  and  the  latter  must  be  tin 
lined,  or  in  lieu  of  the  above  protection, 
four  inches  of  brickwork  may  be  placed 
between  the  hot-air  pipe  and  the  wood- 
work. This  shall  not  prevent  the  placing 
of  metal  lath  and  plaster  directly  on  the 
face  of  hot.  air  pipes  or  the  placing 
of  woodwork  on  such  metal  lath  or  plas- 
ter. provided  the  distance  is  not  less  than 
8<>ven-eighths  of  an  inch.  No  vertical  hot- 
air pipe  shall  be  placed  in  a stud  parti- 
tion. or  In  a wood  inclosure,  unless  it  be 
at  least  eight  feet  distant,  in  a horizon- 
tal direction  from  the  furnace.  Hot-air 
pipes  in  closets  shall  be  double,  with  a 
space  of  one  Inch  between  them.  Hori- 
zontal hot-air  pipes  shall  be  placed  six 
inches  below  the  floor  beams  or  ceiling: 
if  the  floor  beams  or  ceiling  are  plastered 
and  protected  by  a metal  shield,  then  the 
distance  shall  be  not  less  than  three 
Inches. 

Vent  flues  or  duels  for  the  removal  of 
foul  or  vitiated  air  in  which  the  tempera- 
ture of  the  air  cannot  exceed  that  of  the 
looms,  may  be  constructed  of  Iron,  or 
other  Incombustible  material,  and  shall 
not  be  placed  Dearer  than  one  Inch  to  any 
woodwork,  and  no  such  pipe  shall  be  used 
for  any  other  purpose. 

In  the  support  of  construction  of  such 
ducts.  If  placed  in  a public  school  room, 
no  wood  furring  or  other  inflammable 
material  shall  be  nearer  than  two  inches 
to  aaid  flues  or  ducts,  and  shall  bo  cov- 
ered on  all  sides  other  than  those  resting 
against  brick,  terra-cotta,  or  other  in- 
combustible material,  with  metal  lath 
plaster*"!  with  least  two  heavy  coats 
of  mortar  and  having  at  least  one-half 
; Inch  nlr  space  between  the  flues  or  duel! 
and  ihc  la'll  and  1‘laiter.  . i 


Steam  and  Hot  Water  Heating  Pipes. 

Sec.  69.  Steam  or  hot  water  heating 
pipes  shall  not  be  placed  within  two 
inches  of  any  timber  or  woodwork,  unless 
the  timber  or  woodwork  is  protected  by 
a metal  shield:  then  the  distance  shall 
be  not.  less  than  one  inch.  All  steam  or 
hot  water  heating  pipes  passing  through 
floors  and  ceilings  or  lath  and  plastered 
partitions  shall  be  protected  by  a metal 
tube  one  inch  larger  in  diameter  than  the 
pipe,  having  a metal  cap  at  the  floor,  and 
where  they  are  run  in  a horizontal  dire*p 
tion  between  a floor  and  ceiliDg,  a metai 
shield  shall  be  placed  on  the  under  side 
of  the  floor  over  them,  and  on  the  sides 
of  wood  beams  running  parallel  with  said 
Pipe-  , , . 

All  wood  boxes  or  casings  inclosing 
steam  or  hot  water  heating  pipes  and  all 
wood  covers  to  recesses  in  walls  in  which 
sieam  or  hot  water  heating  ptpes  are 
placed,  shall  be  lined  with  metal. 

All  pipes  or  ducts  used  to  convey  air 
warmed  by  steam  or  hot  water  shall  be  of 
metal  or  other  fireproof  material.  All 
steam  and  hot  water  pipe  coverings  shall 
consist  of  fireproof  materials  only. 


PART  XI. 

(a K N KRAI.  CONSTRICTION. 


Duct"  for  t’i|H'». 

Sec.  70.  Ah  ducts  for  pipes,  wires,  and 
other  similar  purposes  shall  be  inclosed 
on  all  sides  with  fireproof  material,  and 
the  opening  through  each  floor  shall  be 


Studded-off  Space*.  

Sec.  71.  Where  walls  are  studded-off. 
Die  space  between  the  inside  face  of  the 
wall  and  the  studding  shall  be  fire- 
stopped  with  fireproof  material  placed  on 
the  under  side  of  the  wood  beams  above, 
for  a depth  of  not  less  than  four  inches, 
and  be  securely  supported;  or  the  beams 
directly  over  the  studded-off  space  shall 
be  deafened  with  not  less  than  four  inches 
of  fireproof  material,  which  may  be  laud 
on  boards  cut  in  between  the  beam*. 


AYainscotiiiK’.  1 ” 

Sec.  72.  When  wainscoting  is  used.  In 
any  building  hereafter  erected,  the  sur- 
face of  the  wall  or  partition  behind  such 
wainscoting  shall  be  plastered  flush  with 
the  grounds  and  down  to  the  floor  line. 

Bay,  Oriel  nnd  Show  Wlndowi. 

Sec.  73.  Bay  windows,  oriol  window* 
and  show  windows  on  the  street  front  or 
side  of  any  building  may  project  not  more 
than  one  foot  beyond  the  building  line 
and  shall  he  constructed  of  euch  ma- 
terials and  in  such  manner  as  will  mee£ 
with  the  approval  of  the  department  of 
buildings. 

Any  such  window  that,  does  not  extend 
more  (ban  three  feet,  above  the  oeoo\*f 
story  floor  of  any  dwelling-house  may  h* 
built  of  wood  covered  with  metaL 


PART  XII. 

STAIRS  AND  ENTRANCE. 
Entrance  to  Basement. 

Sec.  74.  Every  dwelling-house  arranged 
for  or  occupied  by  two  or  more  families 
above  the  first  story,  hereafter  erected, 
shall  be  provided  with  an  entrance  to  the 
basement  thereof  from  the  outalde  of  eueh 
building. 

Stair*.  N n miter  ne*olate«  by  Area 
of  Building. 

Sec.  76.  In  any  building  hereafter 
erected  to  he  used  as  a store,  factory, 
ii ot * 1 or  lodging-house,  covering  a lot. 
area  ex*  ceding  two  thousand  five  hundred 
feet  and  not  exceeding  five  thousand  feet, 
there  ehall  be  provided  at  least  two  con 
tlnuous  lines  or  etair*  remote  from  each 
other,  and  ever;  such  building  shell  hav* 
at  lead  on  continuous  Itn*  of  stairs  for 
e.i  h five  thousand  f»c  of  lot  area  covered, 
nr  pan  iiei*of,  n excess  of  i ha i required 
* When  toy 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 

PART  XVI. 


•ueh  building  covers  an  area  of  lot  greater 
than  fifteen  thousand  feet  the  number  of 
stairs  shall  be  increased  proportionately, 
or  as  will  meet  the  approval  of  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdiction. 

Engineers’  Stationary  ladders. 

Sec.  76.  Every  building  in  which  boilers 
or  machinery  are  placed  in  the  cellar  or 
lowest  story,  shall  have  stationary  iron 
ladders  or  stairs  from  such  story  leading 
direct  to  a manhole  above  on  the  side- 
walk, or  other  outside  exit. 

Slate  and  Stone  Treads  of  Stairs  to 
Be  Supported. 

Sec.  77.  In  all  buildings  hereafter 
erected  more  than  seven  stories  in  height 
where  the  treads  and  landings  of  iron 
siairs  are  of  slate,  marble  or  other  stone, 
they  shall  each  be  supported  directly  un- 
derneath, for  their  entire  length  and 
width,  by  an  iron  plate  made  solid  or  hav- 
ing openings  not  exceeding  four  inches 
square  in  same,  of  adequate  strength  and 
securely  fastened  to  the  strings.  In  case 
such  supporting  plates  be  made  solid  the 
treads  may  be  of  oak,  not  less  than  one 
and  five-eighths  inches  thick. 


PART  XIII 


SKYLIGHTS  AND  FLOOR-LIGHTS. 
Metal  Skylights. 

Sec.  78.  All  skylights  having  a super- 
ficial area  of  more  than  nine  square  feet, 
placed  in  any  building,  shall  have  the 
sashes  and  trines  thereof  constructed  of 
iron  and  glass  Every  fireproof  roof  here- 
after placed  on  any  building,  shall  have, 
beside  the  usual  scuttle  or  bulkhead,  a 
skylight  or  skylights  of  a superficial  area 
equal  to  not  less  than  one-fiftieth  the 
superficial  area  of  such  fireproof  roof. 
Skylights  hereafter  placed  in  public  build- 
ings, over  any  passageway  or  room  of 
public  resort,  shall  have  immediately  un- 
derneath the  glass  thereof  a wire  netting, 
unless  the  glass  contains  a wire  netting 
within  itself. 

Floor-1.  Ights 

Sec.  79. — Floor-lights,  used  for  trans- 
mission of  light  to  floors  below,  shall  be 
constructed  of  metal  frames  and  bars  or 
plates,  and  if  any  glass  in  same  measures 
more  than  sixteen  square  inches,  the 
glass  shall  be  provided  with  a mesh  of 
wire  either  in  the  glass  or  under  the 
same,  and  the  floor-lights  shall  be  of  the 
same’  proportional  strength  as  the  floors 
in  which  they  are  placed. 


PART  XIV. 

ijsCLOSLRE  AND  SHED  COVERINGS 
FOR  THE  PROTECTION  OF 
PEDESTRIANS. 

Sec.  80. — Whenever  buildings  shall  he 
erected  or  increased  to  over  sixty-five 
feet  in  height,  upon  c alon-  any  street, 
the  owner,  builder  or  contractor  con- 
structing or  repairing  such  buildings, 
shall  have  erected  and  maintained  dur- 
ing such  construction  or  repair,  a shed 
over  the  sidewalk  in  front  of  said  prem- 
ises, extending  from  building  line  to  curb, 
the  same  to  be  properly,  strongly  and 
tightly  constructed,  so  as  to  protect  pe- 
destrians and  others  usin'*  such  streets. 
Whenever  outside  scaffolds  are  required 
to  carry  on  the  construction  of  buildings 
over  eighty-five  feet  in  height,  whether 
the  same  be  constructed  by  poles  or 
thrust-out  scaffold,  there  shall  he  erected 
on  its  outer  edge  and  ends  an  inclosure 
or  wire  netting  of  not  over  two-inch 
mesh,  or  of  beards  not  less  than  three- 
fourths  of  an  inch  thick,  placed  not  over 
one  and  one-half  inches  apart,  well  se- 
cured to  uprights  not  less  than  two  inches 
by  four  inches,  fastenened  to  nlar’--  or 
timbers,  and  resting  on  put-logs  or  thrust 
outs.  The  said  inclosure  shall  be  car- 


ried up  at  least  five  feet  in  advance  above 
the  level  on  which  the  workmen  em- 
ployed on  said  front  are  working.  7'v’e 
said  thrust-outs  shall  be  not  less  than 
three  by  ten  of  spruce  or  yellow  pine,  anil 
to  be  doubled  or  tripled,  as  may  be  re- 
quired lor  the  load  to  be  carried  and  to  b 
thoroughly  braced  and  secured;  or  said 
timbers  can  be  in  one  stick  if  propor- 
tioned to  the  load.  The  floorin'*  on  thrust 
outs  and  put-logs  shall  be  tightly  con- 
structed with  plank.  This  said  floo’'  and 
inclosure  shall  not  be  removed  until  a 
like  floor  and  inc.losure  is  already  pre- 
pared and  in  position  on  the  story  above. 
In  ali  buildings  over  eighty-five  feet  in 
height,  during  construction  or  alteration 
the  windows  on  each  floor  above  the  sec- 
ond shall  be  properly  inclosed  as  soon  as 
the  story  is  built.  If  the  walls  of  such 
buildings  are  carried  un  two  stories  or 
more  above  the  roofs  of  adjoining  build- 
ings, proper  means  shall  be  provided  ana 
use  1 for  the  protection  of  sky-lights  and 
roofs  of  such  adjoining  buildings.  The 
protection  over  sky-lights  sha.l  be  of 
stout  wire  netting  not  over  three-fourths 
inch  mesh  on  stout  timbers  an<1 
properly  secured.  All  such  _ stieaa 
and  inclosures  are  to  be  subject  to 
the  inspection  of  the  department  of  build- 
ings. Should  said  adjoining  owner,  ten- 
ant or  lessee  refuse  to  grant  permis- 
sion U>  have  said  roefs  and  skylights  so 
protected,  such  refusal  by  said  owner, 
tenant  or  lessee  shall  relieve  the  owner 
of  the  building  in  course  of  construction 
from  any  responsibility  for  damage  done 
to  persons  or  property  on  or  within  the 
premises  affected.  Should  such  inclosure  or 
protection  not  be  so  erected,  the  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  having  jurisdiction, 
shall  cause  a notice  to  be  served  person- 
ally upon  the  owner,  or  his  authorized 
agent,  constructing  or  repairing  such 
buildings,  or  the  owner,  tenants  or  lessee 
of  adjoining  premises,  requiring  such  in- 
closurr  or  protection,  as  provided  in  this 
section,  specifying  the  manner  in  which 
same  shall  be  erected;  and  if  such  inclos- 
ures or  protections  are  not  erected, 
strengthened  or  modified  as  provided  in 
such  notice  within  three  days  after  the 
service  thereof,  the  said  commissioner  of 
buildings  having  jurisdiction,  shall  have 
full  power  and  authority  to  cause  such 
inclosure  to  be  erected  on  the  fronts  and 
roofs  and  the  skylights  protected,  and  ail 
expenses  connected  with  same  may  be- 
come a lien  on  the  property  in  interest  so 
inclosed  and  protected,  and  which  lien 
mav  be  created  and  enfoiced  in  the  same 
maimer  as  now  provided  for  in  section  156 
of  this  code. 


PART  XV. 

MISCELLANEOUS  Bl  ILDIXGS. 
Grain  Elevators. 

Sec.  81.  Nothing  in  this  code  shall  be 
so  construed  as  to  apply  to  or  prevent 
the  erection  of  what  are  known  as  grain 
elevators,  as  usually  constructed,  pro- 
vided they  are  erected  on  tidewater,  or 
adjacent  to  the  river  front  in  said  city, 
in  isolated  localities,  under  such  condi- 
tions as  the  department  of  buildings  may 
prescribe,  including  location. 

Exhibition  Buildings. 

Sec.  82.  Buildings  for  fair  and  exhibi- 
tion purposes,  towers  for  observation  pur- 
poses and  structures  for  similar  uses, 
whether  temporary  or  permanent  in  char- 
acter, shall  be  constructed  in  such  man- 
ner and  under  such  conditions  as  the 
board  of  buildings  may  prescribe. 

Smokehonati. 

Sec.  83.  AH  smokehouses  shall  be  of 
fireproof  construction,  with  brick  walls, 
iron  doors  and  brick  or  metal  roofs.  An 
iron  guard  shall  be  placed  over  and  three 
feet  above  the  fire,  and  the  hanging  rails 
shall  be  of  Iron.  The  walls  of  all  smoke- 
houses shall  be  built  up  at.  least  three 
feet  higher  than  the  roof  of  the  building 
1 in  wfcich  they  are  located. 


HEATING  APPARATUS.  DRYING 
ROOMS,  GAS  AND  WATER 

PIPES.  , 

Heating  Furnaces  and  tollers. 

Sec.  84.  A brick-set  bo'iler  shall  not  be 
placed  on  any  wood  or  combustible  floor 
or  beams.  Wood  or  combustible  floors 
and  beams  under  and  not  less  than  three 
feet  in  front  and  one  foot  on  the  sides 
of  all  portable  boilers  shall  be  protected 
by  a suitable  brick  foundation  of  not  less 
than  two  courses  of  brick  well  laid  in 
mortar  on  sheet  iron;  the  said  sheet  iron 
shall  extend  at  least  twenty-four  inches 
outside  of  the  foundation  at  the  sides  and 
front.  Bearing  lines  of  bricks,  laid  on 
the  flat,  with  air  spaces  between  them, 
shall  be  placed  on  the  foundation  to  sup- 
port a cast-iron  ash  pan  of  sultabl# 
thickness,  on  which  the  base  of  the 
boiler  shall  be  placed,  and  shall  have  a 
flange,  turned  up  in  the  front  and  on  the 
sides,  four  inches  high;  said  pan  shall  be 
in  width  not  less  than  the  base  of  th* 
boiler  and  shall  extend  at  least  two  feet 
in  front  of  it.  If  a boiler  is  supported 
on  a cast-iron  base  with  a bottom  of  the 
required  thickness  for  an  ash  pan,  and  is 
placed  on  bearing  lines  of  brick  in  the 
same  manner  as  specified  for  an  ash  pan, 
then  an  ash  pan  shall  be  placed  in  front 
of  the  said  base  and  shall  not  be  re- 
quired to  extend  under  it.  Ail  lath  and 
plaster  and  wood  ceilings  and  beams  over 
and  to  a distance  of  not  less  than  four 
feet  in  front  of  all  boilers  shall  be  shield- 
ed with  metal.  The  distance  from  the 
top  of  the  boiler  to  said  shield  shall  be 
not  less  than  twelve  inches.  No  combus- 
tible partition  shall  be  within  four  feet 
of  the  sides  and  back  and  six  feet  from 
the  front  of  any  boiler,  unless  said  par- 
tition shall  be  covered  with  metal  to  the 
height  of  at  least  three  feet  above  the 
floor,  and  shall  extend  from  the  end  or 
back  of  the  boiler  to  at  least  five  feet  in 
front  of  it;  then  the  distance  shall  be  not 
less  than  two  feet  from  the  sides  and  five 
feet  from  t]je  front  of  the  boiler.  All 
brick  hot-air  furnaces  shall  have  two 
covers,  with  an  air  space  of  at  least  four 
inches  between  them;  the  inner  cover  of 
the  hot-air  chamber  shall  be  either  a 
brick  arch  or  two  courses  of  brick  laid 
on  galvanized  iron  or  tin.  supported  on 
iron  bars:  the  outside  cover,  which  is  the 
top  of  the  furnace,  shall  be  made  of 
brick  or  metal  supported  on  iron  bars, 
and  so  constructed  as  to  be  perfectly 
tight,  and  shall  be  not  less  than  four 
inches  below  any  combustible  ceiling  or 
door  beams.  The  walls  of  the  furnace 
shall  be  built  hollow  in  the  following 
manner;  One  inner  and  one  outer  wall, 
each  four  inches  in  thickness,  properly 
bonded  together  with  an  air  space  of  not 
less  than  three  inches  between  them. 
Furnaces  must  be  built  at  least  four 
inches  from  all  woodwork.  The  cold-air 
boxes  of  all  hot-air  furnaces  shall  he 
made  of  metal,  brick  or  other  incom- 
bustible material,  for  a distance  of  at 
least  ten  feet  from  the  furnace.  All  port- 
able hot-air  furnaces  shall  be  placed  at 
least  two  feet  from  any  wood  or  com- 
bustible partition  or  ceiling,  unless  the 
partitions  anil  ceilings  are  properly  pro- 
tected by  a metal  shield,  when  the  dis- 
tance shall  be  not  less  than  one  foot. 
Wood  floors  under  all  portable  furnaces 
shall  be  protected  by  two  courses  of 
brickwork  well  laid  in  mortar  on  sheet 
iron.  Said  brickwork  shall  extend  at 
least,  two  feet  beyond  th*  furnace  la 
front  of  the  ash  pan.  . 

Heglitrra. 

Sec.  85. — Registers  located  over  a brick 
furnace  shall  be  supported  by  a brick 
shaft  built  up  from  the  cover  of  the  hot- 
air chamber;  said  shaft  shall  be  lined 
with  a metal  pipe,  and  all  wood  beams 
shall  be  trimmed  away  not  less  than  four 
inches  from  it.  Where  a register  is  placed 
on  any  woodwork  In  connection  with  a 
metal  pipe  or  duct,  the  end  of  the  said 
pipe  or  duct  shall  be  flanged  over  on  th* 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


37 


woodwork  under  it.  All  registers  tor 
hot-air  furnaces  placed  in  any  woodwork 
or  combustible  floors  shall  have  stone  or 
iron  borders  firmly  set  in  plaster  of  paris 
or  gauged  mortar.  All  register  boxes 

■ hall  bo  made  of  tin  plate  or  galvanized 
Iron  with  a flange  on  the  top  to  fit  the 
groove  in  the  frame,  the  register  to  rest 
upon  the  same;  there  shall  be  an  open 
space  of  two  inches  on  all  sides  of  the 
register  box,  extending  from  the  under 
aide  of  the  border  to  and  through  the 
ceiling  below.  The  said  opening  shall  be 
fitted  with  a tight  tin  or  galvanized  iron 
casing  the  upper  end  of  which  shall  be 
turned  under  the  frame.  When  a register 
box  is  placed  in  the  floor  over  a portable 
furnace,  the  open  space  on  all  sides  of 
the  register  box  shall  be  not  less  than 
three  inches.  When  only  one  register  is 
connected  with  a furnace  said  regis.er 
■hall  have  no  valve. 

Drying  Roomi. 

gec.  86.— AH  walls,  ceilings,  and  parti- 
tions inclosing  drying  rooms,  when  not 
made  of  fireproof  material,  shall  be  wire 
lathed  and  plastered,  or  covered  with 
metal,  tile  or  other  hard  incombustible 
material. 

Range*  and  Stoves. 

Sec.  87. — Where  a kitchen  range  is 
placed  from  twelve  to  six  inches  from  a 
wood  stud  partition,  the  said  partition 

■ hall  be  shielded  with  metal  from  the 
floor  to  the  height  of  not  less  than  three 
leet  higher  than  the  range;  if  the  range 
l«  within  six  inches  of  the  partition,  then 
the  studs  shall  be  cut  away  and  framed 
three  feet  higher  and  one  foot  wider  than 
the  range,  and  filed  In  to  the  face  of  the 

■ aid  stud  partition  with  brick  or  fireproof 
blocks,  and  plastered  thereon.  All  ranges 
on  wood  or  combustible  floors  and  beams 
that  are  not  supported  on  legs  and  have 
ash  pans  three  Inches  or  more  above 
their  base,  shall  be  set  on  suitable  brick 
foundations  consisting  of  not  less  than 
i wo  courses  of  brick  well  laid  In  mortar 
on  sheet  Iron,  except,  small  ranges  such 

■ i are  used  In  apartment  houses  that 
have  ash  pans  three  Inches  or  more 
above  their  base,  which  shall  be  placed 
on  at  least  one  course  of  brickwork  on 
■beet  iron  or  cement.  No  range  shall  be 
placed  against  a furred  wall.  All  lath 

■ nd  plaster  or  wood  ceilings  over  all 
large  ranges  and  ranges  in  hotels  and 
restaurants,  shall  be  guarded  by  metal 
hoods  placed  at  least  nine  Inches  below 
the  celling.  A ventilating  pipe  connect- 
ed witu  a hood  over  a range  shall  be  at 
least  nine  Inches  from  all  lath  and  plas- 
t'-r  or  woodwotk  and  shielded.  If  the  pipe 
li  less  than  nine  Inches  from  lath  and 
plaster  and  woodwork,  then  the  pipe  shall 
be  covered  with  ooe  inch  of  asbesi.03 
plaster  on  wire  mesh  No  ventilating 
pipe  connected  with  a hood  over  a range 
•hall  pass  through  any  floor.  Laundry 
■roves  on  wood  or  combustible  floors 
■hall  have  a course  of  bricks,  laid  on 
metal,  on  the  floor  under  and  extended 
twenty-four  Inches  on  all  sides  of  them. 
All  stoves  for  heating  purposes  shall  be 
properly  supported  on  Iron  legs  resting 
on  the  floor  three  feet  from  all  lath  and 
plas'er  or  woodwork;  If  rhe  lath  and 
plaster  or  woodwork  Is  properly  protect- 
ed by  a meta 

■ball  be  not  less  than  eighteen  Inches.  A 
metal  shield  shall  be  placed  under  and 
twelve  Inches  in  front  of  the  ash  rum  of 
all  stoves  that  are  plated  on  wood  floors. 
All  low  gas  stoves  shjll  be  placed  on 
Iron  stands,  or  the  burners  sball  be  at 
least  six  Inches  above  the  base  of  the 
stoves,  and  metal  guard  plates  placed 
four  Inches  below  the  burners,  and  all 
woodwork  under  them  shall  be  covered 
with  metal. 

Notice  as  to  Heating  Apparatus. 

Sec.  88.  In  cases  where  hot  water, 

■ team,  hot  air  or  other  heating  appli- 
ances or  furnaces  are  bereader  placed  in 
any  building,  or  flues  or  fireplaces  are 
changed  or  enlarged,  due  notice  sball  first 
U*  given  to  the  department  of  building* 


by  the  person  or  persons  placing  the  said 
furnace  or  furnaces  in  said  buildrng,  or 
by  the  contractor  or  superintendent  of 
said  work. 

Ga*  and  Water  Pipes. 

Sec.  89.  Every  building,  other  than  a 
dwelling  house,  hereafter  erected,  and 
all  factories,  hotels,  churches,  theaters, 
school-houses  and  other  buildings  of  a 
public  character  now  erected  in  which 
gas  or  steam  is  used  for  lighting  or  heat- 
ing, shall  have  the  supply  pipes  leading 
from  the  street  mains  provided  each  with 
a stop-cock  placed  In  the  sidewalk  at  or 
near  the  curb,  and  so  arranged  as  to  al- 
low of  shutting  off  at  that  point.  No  gas, 
water  or  other  pipes  which  may  he  intro- 
duced into  any  buildings  shall  be  let  into 
the  beams  unless  the  same  be  placed 
within  thirty-six  inches  of  the  end  of  tho 
beams;  and  in  no  building  shall  the  said 
pipes  be  let  into  the  beams  more  than 
two  Inches  in  depth.  All  said  pipes  shall 
be  installed  in  accordance  with  the  rules 
and  regulations  prescribed  by  the  board 
of  buildings.  All  gas  brackets  shall  be 
placed  at  least  three  feet  below  any  ceil- 
ing or  woodwork,  unless  the  same  is  prop- 
erly protected  by  a shield;  in  which  case 
the  distance  shall  be  not  less  than  eight- 
een inches.  No  swinging  or  folding  gas 
bracket  shall  be  placed  against  any  stud 
partition  or  woodwork.  No  gas  bracket 
on  any  lath  and  plaster  partition  or 
woodwork  shall  be  less  than  five  Inches 
in  length,  measured  from  1’je  burner  to 
the  plaster  surface  or  woodwork.  Gas- 
lights placed  near  window  curtains  or 
any  other  combustible  material  shall  be 
protected  by  a proper  shield. 

PART  XVII. 

ROOFS,  LEADERS,  CORNICES.  BILK- 
HEADS,  SCUTTLES  AND  TANKS. 

Manaurd  Roofa. 

Sec.  90.  If  a mansard  or  other  roof  of 
like  character  having  a pitch  of  over 
sixty  degrees  be  placed  on  any  building, 
except  a wood  building,  or  a dwelling- 
house  not  exceeding  three  stories  nor 
more  than  forty  feet  in  height,  it  shall  be 
constructed  of  iron  rafters  and  lathed 
with  Iron  or  steel  on  the  inside  and  plas- 
tered, or  filled  in  with  fireproof  material 
not  less  than  three  inches  thick,  and  cov- 
ered with  metal,  slate  or  tile. 

Cornice*  and  Gutter*. 

Sec.  91.  On  all  buildings  hereafter 
erected  within  the  fire  limits,  the  ex- 
terior cornices,  inclusive  of  those  on 
show  windows,  and  gutters,  shall  be  of 
some  fireproof  material.  All  fireproof 
cornices  shall  be  well  secured  to  the 
walls  with  iron  anchors,  Independent  of 
any  woodwork.  In  all  cases  the  walls 
shall  be  carried  up  to  the  planking  of  the 
roof.  Where  the  cornice  projects  above 
the  roof  the  walls  shall  be  carried  up  to 
the  top  of  the  cornice.  The  party  wails 
shall  in  all  cases  extend  up  above  the 
planking  of  the  cornice  and  be  coped. 
All  exterior  wooden  cornices  that  may 
now  be  or  that  may  hereafter  become 
unsafe  or  rotten  shall  be  taken  down,  and 
If  replaced,  shall  be  constructed  of  some 
fireproof  material.  All  exterior  cornlcos 
of  wood  or  gutters  that  may  hereafter  be 
damaged  by  fire  to  the  extent  of  one-half 
shall  be  taken  down,  and  If  replaced  shall 
be  constructed  of  some  fireproof  material; 
but  If  uot  damaged  to  the  extent  of  one- 
half.  tho  same  «ia y be  repaired  with  the 
same  kind  of  material  of  which  they  weie 
originally  constructed. 

Bulkhead*  on  Roof*  and  Scuttle*. 

9ec.  92  Bulkheads  used  as  im -Insures 
for  tanks  and  elevators,  and  coverings 
for  the  machinery  of  elevators  and  all 
other  bulkheads,  including  the  bulkheads 
of  all  dwelling  houses  more  than  four 
stories  In  height  hereafter  erected  or  al- 
tered, may  be  constructed  of  hollow  fire- 
proof blocks;  or  of  wood,  covered  with 
not  less  than  two  Inches  of  fireproof  ma- 
terial. or  tilled  In  the  thickness  of  the 
studding  with  su<b  material,  and  covered 
on  all  outside  surfaces  with  metal,  In- 


cluding both  surfaces  and  edges  of  doors. 
All  such  buildings  shall  have  scuttles  or 
bulkheads  covered  with  some  fireproof 
materials,-  with  ladders  or  stairs  leading 
thereto,  and  easily  accessible  to  all  occu- 
pants. No  scuttle  shall  be  less  in  siz* 
than  two  by  three  feet.  No  staging  or 
stand  shall  he  constructed  or  occupied 
upon  the  roof  of  any  building  without 
first  obtaining  the  approval  of  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  Jurisdiction 

Tank*. 

Sec.  93.  Tanks  containing  more  than  fir* 
hundred  gallons  of  water  or  other  fluid 
hereafter  placed  lu  any  story,  or  on  the 
roof  or  above  the  roof  of  any  building 
now  or  hereafter  erected,  shall  be  sup- 
ported on  iron  or  steel  beams  of  suffi- 
cient strength  to  safely  carry  the  same; 
and  the  beams  shall  rest  at  both  their 
ends  on  brick  walls  or  on  iron  or  steel 
girders  or  iron  or  steel  columns  or  piers 
of  masonry.  Underneath  any  said  water 
tank  or  on  the  side  near  the  bottom  of 
the  same,  there  shall  be  a short  pipe  or 
outlet  not  less  than  four  inches  in  diame- 
ter, fitted  with  a suitable  valve  having  a 
lever  or  wheel  handle  to  same,  so  that 
firemen  or  others  can  readily  discharge 
the  weight  of  the  fluid  contents  from  the 
tank,  in  case  of  necessity.  Such  tanks 
shall  be  placed  where  practicable  at  one 
corner  of  a building,  and  shall  not  be 
placed  over  nor  near  a line  of  stairs. 
Covers  on  lop  of  water  tanks  placed  on 
roofs,  if  of  wood,  shall  be  covered  with 
tin. 

Roofing  and  Leader*  within  the  Fir* 
Limit*. 

Sec.  94.  Tbs  planking  and  sheathing  of 
the  roofs  of  buildings  shall  not  in  any 
case  be  extended  across  the  side  or  party 
wall  thereof.  Every  building  and  the  tops 
and  sides  of  every  dormer  window  there- 
on shall  be  covered  and  roofed  with  brick, 
tile,  slate,  tin,  copper,  iron;  or  plasria 
slate,  asphalt,  slag,  or  gravel  may  b* 
used,  provided  such  roofing  shall  be  com- 
posed of  not  less  than  five  layers  of  roof- 
ing felt,  cemented  together  and  finished 
with  not  less  than  ten  gallons  of  coal 
tar,  pitch  or  asphalt  to  each  one  hundred 
square  feet  of  roof,  or  such  other  qualify 
of  fireproof  roofing  as  the  board  of  build- 
ings, under  its  certificate,  may  authorize, 
and  the  outside  of  the  frames  of  every 
dormer  window  hereafter  placed  upon 
any  building  shall  be  made  of  some  fire- 
proof material.  No  wood  building  with- 
in the  lire  limits  more  than  two  stories 
or  above  twenty  feet  in  height  above  tho 
curb  level  to  the  h/ghest  part  thereof, 
which  shall  require  roofing,  shall  be  roof- 
ed with  any  other  roofing  or  covered  ex- 
cept as  aforesaid.  Nothing  In  this  sec- 
tion shall  be  construed  to  prohibit  the  re- 
pairing of  any  shingle  roof,  provided  tho 
building  is  not  altered  in  height.  All 
buildings  shall  be  kept  provided  with 
proper  metallic  leaders  for  conducting 
water  from  the  roofs  tn  suen  manner  as 
shall  protect  the  walls  and  foundations' 
of  said  buildings  from  Injury.  In  no  cass 
shall  the  water  from  the  said  leaders  bo 
allowed  to  flow  upon  the  sidewalk,  but  the 
same  shall  be  conducted  by  pipe  or  pipes 
to  the  sewer.  If  there  be  no  sewer  lu  th* 
street  upon  which  such  buildings  trou\ 
then  the  water  from  said  leader  shall  b* 
conducted  by  proper  pipe  or  pipes,  be- 
low the  surface  of  the  sidewalk  to  th* 
st  rest  gut  ter. 

PART  XVIII. 

F.LEV  ATORS,  HOISTWAYS  AM)  Ol  MU 
WAITERS. 

Elevator*  anal  Holalnny*. 

Sec.  95.  In  any  building  lu  which  ther« 
ahull  be  any  hoistway  or  freight  elevator 
or  wellholo  not  inclosed  in  walls  con- 
structed of  brick  or  other  fireproof  mate- 
rial and  provided  with  fireproof  doors, 
the  openings  thereof  through  and  upon 
each  floor  of  said  building,  shall  be  pro- 
vided with  and  protected  by  a substan- 
tial guard  or  gate  and  with  auch  good 
and  sufficient  trap  doors  as  may  b*  <U- 


38 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


rested  and  approved  by  tbe  department 
ot  buildings;  and  when  in  the  opinion  of 
lb*  commissioner  of  buildings  having 
jurisdiction,  automatic  trap-doors  are  re- 
quired to  the  floor  openings  of  any  un- 
inclosed freight  elevator,  the  same  shall 
be  constructed  so  as  to  form  a substan- 
tial floor  surface  when  closed,  and  so 
arranged  as  to  open  and  close  by  the 
action  of  the  elevator  in  its  passage 
either  ascending  or  descending.  The  said 
commissioner  of  buildings  shall  have  ex- 
clusive power  and  authority  to  require 
the  openings  of  hoistways  or  hoistway 
shafts,  elevators  and  wellholes  in  build- 
ings to  be  inclosed  or  secured  by  trap- 
doors, guards  or  gates  and  railings.  Such 
guards  or  gates  shall  be  kept  closed  at 
all  times,  except  when  in  actual  use,  and 
the  trap-doors  shall  be  closed  at  the 
close  of  the  business  of  each  day  by  the 
occupant  or  occupants  of  the  building 
having  the  use  or  control  of  the  same. 

Elevator  Inclosure*.  x '•  ■ ’ ‘ 1 * 

fee,  96.  All  elevators  hereafter  placed 
itt  any  building,  except  such  fireproof 
buildings  as  have  been  or  may  be  here- 
after erected,  shall  be  inclosed  in  suit- 
able walls  of  brick  or  with  a suitable 
framework  of  iron  and  burnt,  clay  filling, 
or  of  such  other  fireproof  material  and 
form  of  eonstructiou  as  may  be  approved 
by  the  department  of  buildings,  except 
that  the  inclosure  walls  in  noa-flreproof 
buildiDgs  over  five  stories  high,  used  as 
warehouses  or  factories  shall  be  of  brick. 
It  the  inclosure  walls  are  of  brick,  laid 
ia  cement,  mortar  and  not  used  as  bearing 
walls,  they  may  be  eight  inches  in  thick- 
ness for  not  more  than  fifty  feet  of  their 
uppermost  height,  and  increasing  in 
thickness  four  inches  for  eac-H  lower 
fifty  feet  portion  or  part  thereof.  Said 
walls  or  ■ constructions  shall  extend 
through  and  at  least  three  feet,  above 
the  roof.  All  openings  in  the  said  walls 
shall  be  provided  with  fireproof  shutters 
or  fireproof  doors,  made  solid  for  three 
feet  above  the  floor  level,  except  that 
the  doors  used  for  openings  in  buildings 
intended  for  the  occupancy  of  one  family 
may  be  of  wood  covered  on  tbe  inner  sur- 
face and  edges  with  meral,  not  includ- 
ing the  openings  in  the  cellar,  nor  above 
the  roof  in  any  such  shaft  wall.  The 
roofs  over  all  iDclosed  elevators  shall  be 
made  of  fireproof  materials,  with  a sky- 
light at  least  three-fourths  the  area  of 
rhe  shaft,  made  of  glass,  set.  in  iron 
frames.  When  the  shaft  does  not  extend 
to  the  ground,  the  lower  end  shall  be 
inclosed  in  fireproof  material. 

Dumb-waiter  Shaft*. 

Sec.  97.  All  dumb-waiter  shafts,  except 
such  as  do  not  extend  more  than  three 
stories  above  the  cellar  or  basement  in 
dwelling  houses,  shall  be  inclosed  in  suit- 
able walls  of  brick  or  with  burnt  clay 
blocks,  set  in  Iron  frames  of  proper 
strength  or  fireproof  blocks  strengthened 
with  metal  dowels,  or  such  other  fireproof 
material  and  form  of  construction  as  may 
be  approved  by  the  commissioner  ot 
buildings  having  jurisdiction.  Said  walls 
or  construction  shall  extend  at.  least  three 
feet  above  the  roof  and  be  covered  with 
a skylight  at  least  three-fourtbs  the 
area  of  tbe  shaft,  made  with  metal  frames 
uud  glazed.  All  openings  in  tbe  inclosure 
wall*  or  construction  shall  be  provided 
with  self-closing  fireproof  doors.  When 
tfie  shaft  does  not  extend  to  rhe  floor 
level  of  the  lowest  story,  the  bottom 
or  tbe  shaft  shall  be  constructed  of  fire- 
proof material. 

Elevator*  in  Staircase  Inrlosnrcs. 

See.  9S.  Open  grill  work  inclosures  for 
passenger  elevators,  not  extending  be- 
low the  level  of  the  first  floor  may  be 
erected  lu  staircase  inclosures  Jn  build- 
ings where  the  entire  space  occupied  by 
the  stairs  and  elevators  is  inclosed  in 
brick  or  stone  walls,  and  the  stairs  are 
constructed  as  specified  in  Section  53  of 
this  code.  , ; _ t 


Elevators  In  Existing  Hotel*. 

Sec.  99.  In  every  non-fireproof  building, 
used  or  occupied  as  a hotel,  in  which 
there  is  an  elevator  not  inclosed  in  fire- 
proof shafts,  such  elevator  shall  be  in- 
closed in  suitable  walls,  constructed  and 
arranged  as  iri  this  code  required  for  ele- 
vator shafts. 

Screen  Under  Elevator  Sheave*. 

Sec.  TOO.  Immediately  under  the  sheaves 
at  the  top  of  every  elevator  shaft  in  any 
building  there  shall  be  provided  and 
placed  a substantial  grating  or  screen 
of  iron  or  steel  of  such  construction  as 
shall  be  approved  by  the  Department  of 
Buildings. 

Inspection  of  Elevator*.  ’ 

Sec.  101.  The  commissioners  of  build- 
ings shall  cause  an  inspection  of  eleva- 
tors carrying  passengers  or  employes  to 
be  made  at  least  once  every  three  months 
and  shall  make  regulations  for  the  in- 
spection of  such  elevators  with  a view 
to  safety;  and  shall  also  prescribe  suita- 
ble qualifications  for  persons  who  are 
placed  in  charge  of  the  running  of  such 
elevators.  The  regulations  shall  require 
any  repairs  found  necessary  to  any  such 
elevators  to  be  made  without  delay  by 
the  owner  or  lessee.  In  ease  defects  are 
found  to  exist  which  endanger  life  or 
limb  by  the  continued  use  of  such  ele- 
vator, then,  upon  notice  from  the  de- 
partment of  buildings,  tbe  use  of  such 
elevator  shall  cease,  and  it  shall  not 
again  be  used  until  a certificate  shall  be 
first  obtained  from  said  department  that 
such  elevator  has  been  made  safe  ICo 
person  shall  employ  or  permit  any  per- 
son to  be  iu  charge  of  running  any  pas- 
senger elevator  who  does  not  possess  the 
qualifications  prescribed  therefor. 

Every  freight  elevator  or  lift  shall  have 
a notice  posted  conspicuously  thereon  as 
follows:  "Persons  riding  on  this  elevator 
do  so  at  their  own  risk." 

PART  XIX. 

EIRE  APPLIANCES.  FIRE-ESCAPES 
AND  FIREPROOF  SHUTTERS 

AND  DOORS. 

Auxiliary  Fire  Apparatus  for  Build- 
ings. 

See.  102.  In  every  building  now  erected, 
unless  already  provided  with  a three- 
inch  or  larger  vertical  pipe,  which  exceeds 
one  hundred  feet  in  height  and  in  every 
building  hereafter  to  be  erected  exceed- 
ing eighty-f.ve  feet  in  height,  and  when 
any  such  building  does  not  exceed  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  height,  it  shall 
he  provided  with  a four-inch  standpipe 
running  from  cellar  to  roof,  with  one 
two-way  three-inch  Siamese  connection 
to  be  placed  on  street  above  the  curb 
level,  and  with  one  two-and-one-half 
inc-h  outlet,  with  hose  attached  thereto 
on  each  floor,  placed  as  near  the  stairs 
as  practicable;  and  all  buildings  now 
erected,  unless  already  provided  with  a 
three-inch  or  larger  vertical  pipe,  or 
hereafter  to  be  erected,  exceeding  one 
hundred  and  fifty  feet  in  height,  shall  be 
provided  with  an  auxiliary  fire  appa- 
ratus and  appliances,  consisting  of  water 
tank  on  rooT,  or  in  cellar,  standpipes, 
hose,  nozzles,  wrenches,  fire  extinguish- 
ers, hooks,  axes  and  such  other  appliances 
as  may  be  required  by  rhe  fire  department 
— all  to  be  of  the  best  material  and  of 
the  sizes,  patterns  and  regulation  kinds 
used  and  required  by  t he  fire  department. 
In  every  such  building  a steam  or  electric 
pump  and  at  least  one  passenger  eleva- 
tor shall  be  kept  iu  readiness  for  imme- 
diate use  by  the  fire  department  during  all 
hours  of  the  night  and  day.  including 
holidays  and  Sundays.  The  said  steam 
or  electric  pumps,  if  located  iu  the  low- 
est stor;-  shall  be  placed  not  less  than 
two  feet  above  tbe  floor  level.  All  the 
wires  and  cables  which  supply  power  to 
the  electric  pumps  shall  be  covered  with 
fireproof  material,  or  protected  in  such 
manner  as  to  prevent  the  destruction  or 


damage  of  said  cables  and  wires  by  fire. 
The  boilers  which  supply  power  to  the 
passenger  elevators  and  steam  or  elec- 
tric pumps,  if  located  in  the  lowest  story 
shall  be  sj  surrounded  by  a dwarf  brick 
wall  laid  in  cement  mortar  or  other  suit- 
able permanent  waterproof  construction, 
as  to  exclude  water  to  the  depth  of  two 
feet  above  the  floor  level  from  flowing  in- 
to the  ash  pits  of  said  boilers.  When 
the  level  of  the  floor  of  the  lowest  story 
is  above  the  level  of  the  sewer  in  the 
street  a large  cesspool  shall  be  placed 
in  said  floor'  and  connected  by  a four- 
inch  cast-iron  drain  pipe  with  the  street 
sewer.  Standpipes  shall  not  be  less  than 
six  inches  in  diameter  for  all  buildings 
exceeding  150  feet  in  height.  All  stand- 
pipes shall  extend  to  the  street  and 
there  be  provided  at  or  near  the  sidewalk 
level  with  the  Siamese  connections. 
Said  standpipes  shall  also  extend  to 
the  roof.  Valve  outlets  shall  be  pro- 
vided on  each  and  every  story,  includ- 
ing the  basement  and  cellar  and  on  the 
roof.  All  valves,  hose,  tools  and  other 
appliances  provided  for  in  this  section 
shall  be  kept  in  perfect  working  order, 
and  once  a month  the  person  in  charg- 
of  said  building  shall  make  a thorough 
Inspection  of  the  same  to  see  that  all 
valves,  hose  and  other  appliances  are  in 
perfect  working  order  and  ready  for  im- 
mediate use  by  the  fire  department.  If 
any  of  the  said  buildings  extend  from 
street  to  street,  or  form  an  L shape, 
they  shall  be  provided  with  standpipes 
for  each  street  frontage.  In  such  build- 
ings as  are  used  or  occupied  for  business 
or  manufacturing  purposes  there  shall- 
be  provided.  In  connection  with  said 
standpipe  or  pipes,  two-and-one-half- 
inch  perforated  iron  pipes  placed  on 
and  along  the  ceiling  line  of  each  floor 
below  the  first  floor,  and  extending  to 
the  full  depth  of  the  building.  Said  per- 
forated pipt  shall  be  provided  with  a 
valve  placed  at  or  near  the  standpipe, 
so  that  water  can  be  let  into  same 
when  deemed  necessary  by  the  firemen, 
or  in  lieu  of  such  perforated  pipes  auto- 
matic sprinklers  may  be  put  in.  When 
the  building  is  25  feet  or  less  in  width, 
two  lines  of  perforated  pipe  shall  be  pro- 
vided, and  one  line  additionally  for  each 
12’,2  feet,  or  part  thereof  that  the  build- 
ing is  wider  than  25  feet.  A suitable 
iron  plate  with  raised  letters  shall  be 
fastened  to  the  wall  near  said  stand- 
pipe, to  read,  “This  standpipe  connects 
to  perforated  pipes  in  the  cellar."  ' 

Fire-Escapes. 

Sec.  103.  Every  dwelling  house  occupied 
by  or  built  to  be  occupied  by  three  or 
more  families,  and  every  building  already 
erected,  or  that  may  hereafter  be  erected, 
more  than  three  stories  in  height,  occu- 
pied and  used  as  a hotel  or  lodging  house 
and  every  boarding  house  having  more 
than  fifteen  sleeping  rooms  above  the 
basement  story,  and  every  factory,  mill, 
manufactory  or  workshop,  hospital,  asy- 
lum or  institution  for  the  care  or  treat- 
ment of  individuals,  and  every  building 
three  storiea  and  over  In  height  used 
or  occupied  as  a store  or  workroom,  and 
every  building  in  whole  or  in  part  occu- 
pied or  used  as  a school  or  place  of  in- 
struction or  assembly,  and  every  office 
building  five  stories  or  more  In  height, 
shall  he  provided  with  such  good  atm 
sufficient  fire  escape,  stairways,  or  other 
means  of  egress  in  case  of  fire  as  shall 
be  directed  by  the  department  of  build- 
ings; aud  said  department  shall  have 
full  and  exclusive  power  and  authority 
within  said  city  to  direct  fire  escapes 
and  other  means  of  egress  to  be  provided 
upon  and  within  said  building  or  any 
of  i hem.  The  owner  or  owners  of  any 
building  upon  which  a fire  escape  Is 
erected  shall  keep  the  same  in  good  re- 
pair and  properly  painted.  No  person 
shall  at  any  time  place  any  incumbrance 
of  any  kiud  whatsoever  before  or  upou 
any  fire  escape,  balcony  or  ladder.  It 
shall  be  the  duty  of  every  fire- 
man and  policeman  who  shall 
discover  any  fire  escape  balcony  or 
ladder  of  aDj-  fire  escape  incutu- 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


39 


btred  In  any  way,  to  forthwith  report 
the  same  to  the  commanding  officer  of 
h s company  or  precinct,  and  such  com- 
manding officer  shall  forthwith  cause  the 
occupant  of  the  premises  or  apartment  to 
which  said  fire  escape  balcony  or  ladder 
Is  attached  or  for  whose  use  the  same  is 
provided,  to  be  notified,  either  verbally 
or  In  writing,  to  remove  such  incum- 
brance and  keep  the  same  clear.  If  said 
notice  shall  not  be  complied  with  by  the 
removal,  forthwith,  of  such  incumbrance, 
and  keeping  said  fire  escape,  balcony  or 
ladder  free  from  incumbrance,  then  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  said  commanding  of- 
ficer to  apply  to  the  nearest  police  mag- 
istrate for  a warrant  for  the  arrest  of 
the  occupant  or  occupants  of  the  said 
premises  or  apartments  of  which  the  fire 
escape  forms  a part,  and  the  said  parties 
shall  be  brought  before  the  said  magis- 
trate, as  for  a misdemeanor;  and,  on  con- 
viction, the  occupant  or  occupants  of  said 
premises  or  apartment  shall  be  fined  not 
more  than  ten  dollars  for  each  offense, 
or  may  be  imprisoned  not  to  exceed  ten 
days,  or  both,  in  the  discretion  of  the 
court.  In  constructing  all  balcony  fire 
escapes,  the  manufacturer  thereof  shall 
securely  fasten  thereto,  in  a conspicuous 
place,  a cast  iron  plate  having  suitable 
raised  Haters  on  the  same,  to  read  as 
follows;  ' Notice:  Any  person  placing  an\ 
Incumbrance  on  this  balcony  is  liable  to 
a penalty  of  ten  dollars  and  imprison- 
ment for  ten  days." 

All  buildings  requiring  fire  escapes 
ahall  have  stationary  Iron  ladders  leading 
to  the  scuttle  opening  in  the  roof  there- 
of, and  all  scuttles  and  ladders  shall  be 
kept  so  as  to  be  ready  for  use  at  all 
times.  If  a bulkhead  is  used  in  place  of 
a scuttle,  it  shall  have  stairs  with  suf- 
ficient guard  or  hand  rail  leading  to  the 
roof.  In  case  the  building  shall  be  a 
tenement  house,  the  door  In  the  bulkhead 
or  any  scuttle,  shall  at  no  time  be  locked, 
but  may  be  fastened  on  the  Inside  by 
movable  bolts  or  hook3. 

I Ireproof  Shutter*  and  floor*. 

Sec.  104.  Every  building  which  is  more 
than  two  stories  in  height  above  the  curb  ( 
level,  except  dwelling-houses,  hotels.  , 
schoolhouse#  and  chup  hes,  shall  have 
doors,  blinds  or  shutters  made  ot  iron, 
hung  to  iron  hanging  frames  or  to  iron 
eyes  built  Into  'he  wall,  on  every  ex- 
terior window  or  opening  above  the  flrBt 
story  thereof,  excepting  on  the  front 
openings  of  buildings  fronting  on  streets 
which  are  more  than  thirty  feet  in  width, 
or  where  uo  other  bunding*  are  within 
thirty  feet  of  such  openings.  The  said 
doors,  blinds  or  shutters  may  be  con- 
structed of  pine  or  other  soft  wood  of  two 
thicknesses  of  matched  boards  at  right 
angles  with  each  other,  and  securely 
covered  with  tin.  on  both  sides  and  edges, 
with  folded  lapped  Joints,  the  nails  for 
fsstenlng  'he  same  being  driven  inside 
the  lap;  the  hinges  and  bolts  or  latches 
shall  be  secured  or  fastened  to  the  door 
or  shutter  after  the  same  has  been  cov- 
ered with  the  tin,  and  such  doors  or  shut- 
ters shall  be  hung  upon  an  Iron  frame. 
Independent  of  the  woodwork  of  the  win- 
dow* and  doors,  or  two  Iron  hinges  se- 
curely fastened  In  the  masonry;  or  such 
frames.  If  of  wood,  shall  be  covered  with 
tin  In  the  same  msnner  as  the  doors  and 
sliutters.  All  shutters  opening  on  flre- 
•scapes.  and  at  least  one  row.  vertical- 
ly, In  every  three  rows  on  iho  front 
window  openings  above  the  first  story  of 
any  bnlldln*.  shall  be  so  arranged  that 
they  can  be  readily  opened  from  the  out- 
side by  firemen.  All  rolling  Iron  or  steel 
shutters  hereafter  placed  In  the  first 
story  of  any  building  shall  be  counter- 
balanced so  that  said  rolling  shutters 
may  be  readily  opened  by  the  firemen. 
No  budding  hereafter  erected,  other  than 
a dwelling-house  or  fireproof  building, 
shall  have  inside  Iron  or  steel  shutters 
to  windows  above  the  first  story.  All 
windows  and  openings  above  the  first 
story  of  any  building  rnay  be  provided 
with  other  suitable  protection  or  mny  he 
exempt'd  from  having  shutters  by  tho 
board  ot  buildings  or  the  board  ot  ex- 


aminers as  the  case  may  be.  All  build-  ] 
ings  specified  In  this  section,  hereafter  [ 
erected  or  altered,  having  openings  in  in-  i 
terior  walls,  shall  be  provided  with  suit-  j 
able  fireproof  doors  where  deemed  neces- 
sary by  ihe  commissioner  of  buildings 
having  jurisdiction.  All  occupants  of 
buildings  shall  close  all  exterior  and  in- 
terior fireproof  shutters,  doors  and  blinds 
at  the  close  of  the  business  of  each  day. 

PART  XX. 

FIREPROOF  BUILDINGS. 
Fireproof  Building*. 

Sec.  105.  Every  building  hereafter 
erected  or  altered,  to  be  used  as  a hotel 
lodging  house,  school,  theater,  jail,  police  ; 
station,  hospital,  asylum,  institution  for 
the  care  or  treatment  of  persons,  the 
height  of  which  exceeds  36  feet  6 
inches,  excepting  all  buildings  for  which 
specifications  and  plans  have  been  here- 
tofore submitted  to  and  approved  by  the 
Department  of  Buildings,  and  every  other  | 
building  the  height  of  which  exceeds  ”5 
feet  as  herein  otherwise  provided,  shall  j 
be  built  fireproof;  that  is  to  say — 

They  shall  be  constructed  with  walls  of 
brick,  stone.  Portland  cement,  concrete, 
iron  or  steel,  in  which  wood  Learns  or 
lintels  shall  not  be  placed,  and  in  which 
the  floors  and  roofs  shall  be  materials 
prodded  for  in  section  106  of  this  code. 

The  stairs  and  staircase  landing  shall 
be  built  entirely  of  brick,  stone.  Portland 
cement  concrete,  iron  or  steel. 

No  woodwork  or  other  inflammable  ma- 
terial shall  be  used  in  any  of  the  parti- 
tions. furring*  or  ceilings  in  any  such 
fireproof  building,  excepting,  however, 
that  when  the  height  of  the  buildings 
does  not  exceed  twelve  stories  nor  more 
than  150  feet  the  doors  and  win- 
dows and  their  trames,  the  trims,  the 
casings,  the  interior  finish  when  filled 
solid  at  the  back  with  fireproof  material, 
and  the  floor  boards  and  sleepers  directly 
thereunder,  may  be  of  wood,  but  the 
space  between  the  sleepers  shall  be  sol- 
idly filled  with  fireproof  materials  and  ex- 
tend up  to  the  under  side  of  the  floor 
boards.  When  the  height  of  a fireproof 
building  exceeds  12  9tories,  or  more 
than  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet,  the  floor 
surfaces  shall  be  of  stone,  cement,  rock, 
asphalt,  tiling  or  similar  incombustible 
material,  or  the  sleepers  and  floors  may 
be  of  wood  treated  by  some  process  ap- 
proved by  the  Board  of  Buildings,  to  ren- 
der the  same  fireproof.  All  outside  win- 
dow fram-s  and  sash  shall  be  of  metal, 
or  of  wood  covered  with  metal,  the  inside 
window  frameB  and  sash,  doors,  trim  and 
other  interior  finish  may  be  of  woSd  cov- 
ered with  metal,  or  of  wood  treated  by 
some  process  approved  by  the  Board  of 
Buildings  to  render  the  same  fireproof. 

All  hall  partitions  or  permanent  parti- 
tions between  roomg  In  fireproof  build- 
ing* shall  be  built  of  fireproof  material 
and  shall  not  be  started  on  wood  sills, 
nor  on  wooden  floor  boards,  Out  be  built 
upon  the  fireproof  construction  of  the 
floor  and  extend  to  the  fireproof  beam 
filling  above. 

The  tops  of  all  door  and  window  open- 
ings In  such  partitions  shall  be  of  least 
twelve  Inches  below  the  celling  line. 

Fireproof  Floors. 

Sep.  106.  Fireproof  floors  shall  be  con- 
structed with  wrought  Iron  or  steel  tloor 
beams  so  arranged  as  to  spacing  aud 
length  of  beams  that  the  load  to  be  sup- 
ported by  them,  together  with  'he  weights 
of  the  materials  used  In  the  construction 
of  the  said  floors  shall  not  cause  a great- 
er deflection  of  the  said  beams  than  one- 
thlrticth  of  an  inch  per  foot  of  span 
under  the  total  load,  and  they  shall  be 
tied  together  at  intervals  of  not  more 
than  eight  times  the  depth  of  tho 
beam.  Between  the  wrought  Iron  or 
steel  floor  beams  shall  he  placed  brlek 
arches  springing  from  the  lower  flange 
of  the  steel  beams.  Said  brlek  arches 
shall  be  designed  with  a rise  to  safely 
carry  tho  Imposed  load,  but  never  less 
than  one  and  ona-qnartcr  inches  for  each 
foot  of  span  between  th<-  beams,  and 


they  shall  have  a thickness  of  not  less 
than  four  inches  for  spans  of  five  feet  or 
less  aud  eight  inches  for  spans 
over  five  feet,  or  such  thickness  as  may 
be  required  by  the  board  of  buildings. 
Said  brick  arches  shall  be  composed  of 
good,  hard  brick  or  hollow  brick  of  or- 
dinary dimensions  laid  to  a line  on  tha 
centers,  properly  aud  solidly  bounded, 
each  longitudinal  line  of  brick  breaking 
joints  with  the  adjoining  lines  in  the 
same  ring  and  with  the  ring  under  it 
when  more  than  a four-inch  arch  Is 
used.  The  brick  shall  be  well  wet  and 
the  joints  filled  in  solid  with  cement 
mortar.  The  arches  shall  be  well 
grouted  and  properly  keyed.  Or  th» 
space  between  the  beams  may  be  filled 
in  with  hollow'  tile  arches  of  hard-burnt 
clay  or  porous  terra-cotta  of  uniform 
density  and  hardness  of  burn.  The  skew 
backs  shall  be  of  such  form  and  section 
as  to  properly  receive  the  thrust  of  said 
arch;  and  the  said  arches  shall  be  of  a 
depth  and  sectional  area  to  carry  the 
load  to  be  imposed  thereon,  without 
straining  the  material  beyond  its  safe 
working  load,  but  said  depth  shall  not 
be  less  than  one  and  three-quarter 
inches  for  each  foot  of  span,  not  in- 
cluding any  portion  of  the  depth  of  the 
tile  projecting  below  the  under  side  of 
the  beams,  a variable  distance  being 
allowed  of  twt  over  six  inches  In  the 
span  between  the  beams,  if  the  soffits  of 
the  tile  are  straight;  but  if  said  arches 
are  segmental,  having  a rise  ot  not  less 
than  one  and  one-quarter  inches  for 
each  foot  of  span,  the  depth  of  the  tile 
shall  not  he  les*  than  six  Inches.  The 
joints  shall  be  solidly  filled  with  cement 
mortar  as  required  for  fommon  brick 
arches  and  the  or,h  «0  constructed  that 
the  key  block  shall  always  fall 
in  the  central  portion.  The 
shells  and  webs  of  all  end  con- 
struction block*  shall  abut,  one  against 
another.  Or  the  space  between  the 
beams  may  be  filled  with  arches  of  Port- 
land cement  concrete,  segmental  In  form, 
and  which  shall  have  a rise  of  not  less 
than  one  and  one-quarter  inches  for  each 
foot  of  snan  between  the  beams.  The 
concrete  shall  not  be  less  than  four  inches 
In  thickness  at  the  crown  of  the  arch 
nnd  shall  be  mixed  In  the  proportions 
required  by  section  18  of  this  code.  These 
arches  shall  in  all  cases  be  reinforced 
and  protected  on  the  under  side  with 
corrugated  or  sheet  steel,  steel  ribs,  or 
metal  In  other  forms  weighing  not  less 
than  one  pound  per  square  foot  and  hav- 
ing no  openings  larger  than  three  Inches 
square.  Or  between  the  said  beams  may 
be  placed  solid  or  hollow  burnt-clay. 

' stone,  brick  or  concrete  slabs  in  flat 
or  curved  shapes,  concrete  or  other 
fireproof  construction  may  be  used  in 
composition,  and  any  of  said  materials 
may  be  used  in  combination  with  wire 
cloth,  expanded  metal,  wire  strands,  or 
wrought  iron  or  steel  bars;  but  In  any 
such  construction  and  as  a precedent  eon- 
j dition  to  the  same  being  used,  tests  shall 
: be  made  as  herein  provided  by  the  manu- 
I Mcturer  thereof  under  the  direction  and 
| to  iho  satisfaction  of  the  board  of  build- 
ings, and  evidence  of  the  same  shall  be 
Kept  on  fib  In  the  department,  of  bulld- 
] !ngs.  showing  the  nature  of  the  test  and 
1 the  result  of  the  test.  Such  tests  shall 
be  made  by  constructing  within  Inolosur* 
walls  a nlstform  consisting  of  four  rolled 
steel  beams,  ten  Inches  deep,  weighing 
each  twenty-five  pounds  per  lineal  fuv.., 
and  placed  fotir  feet  between  the  centers, 
and  connected  by  trnnsverso  tie-rods,  and 
with  a clear  span  of  fourteen  feet  for  the 
two  Interior  beams  nnd  with  the  two 
outer  beams  supported  on  tho  side  walls 
throughout  their  length,  and  with  both  a 
filling  between  the  said  beams,  and  a 
fireproof  protection  of  the  exposed  parts 
of  the  beam*  of  the  system  to  be  tested, 
constructed  ns  in  ncltinl  practice,  with 
the  quality  of  material  ordinarily  used 
in  that  system  and  the  celling  plastered 
below,  as  in  a finished  Job;  such  filling 
lie  ween  the  two  Interior  beams  being 
loaded  with  a distributed  load  of  one 
hundred  and  fifty  pounds  per  square  fool 


40 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


of  its  area  and  all  carried  by  such  filling; 
and  subjecting  the  platform  so  construct- 
ed to  the  continuous  heat  of  a wood  fire 
below,  averaging  not  less  than  seventeen 
hundred  degrees  Fahrenheit  for  not  less 
than  four  hours,  during  which  time  the 
platform  shall  have  remained  in  such 
condition  that  no  flame  will  have  passed 
through  the  platform  or  any  part  of  the 
same,  and  that  no  part  of  the  load  shall 
have  fallen  through,  and  that  the  beams 
shall  have  been  protected  from  the  heat 
to  the  extent  that,  after  applying  to  the 
under  side  of  the  platform  at  the  end  of 
the  heat  test  a stream  of  water  directed 
against  the  bottom  of  the  platform  and 
discharged  through  a one  and  one-eighth 
inch  nozzle  under  sixty  pounds  pressure 
for  five  minutes,  and  after  flooding  the 
top  of  the  platform  with  water  under  low 
pressure,  and  then  again  applying  the 
stream  of  water  through  the  nozzle  under 
the  sixty  pounds  pressure  to  the  bottom 
of  the  platform  for  five  minutes,  and  after 
a total  load  of  six  hundred  pounds  per 
square  foot  uniformly  distributed  over 
the  middle  bay  shall  have  been  applied 
and  removed,  after  the  platform  shall 
have  cooled,  the  maximum  deflection  of 
the  interior  beams  shall  not  exceed  two 
and  one-half  inches,  the  board  of  build- 
ings may  from  time  to  time  prescribe  ad- 
ditional or  different  tests  than  the  fore- 
going for  systems  of  filling  between  iron 
or  steel  floor  beams,  and  the  protec-  j 
tion  of  the  exposed  parts  of  the  beams. 
Any  system  failing  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  test  of  heat,  water  and 
weight,  as  herein  prescribed  shall  be 
prohibited  from  use  in  any  building 
hereafter  erected.  Duly  authenticated 
records  of  the  tests  heretofore  made  ot 
any  system  of  fireproof  floor  filling  and 
protection  of  the  exposed  parts  of  the 
beams  may  be  presented  to  the  Board  of 
Buildings,  and  if  the  same  be  satisfac- 
tory to  said  board,  it  shall  be  accepted 
as  conclusive.  No  filling  of  any  hind 
which  may  be  injured  by  frost  shall  be 
placed  between  said  floor  beams  during 
freezing  weather,  and  if  the  same  is  so 
placed  during  any  winter  month,  it  shall 
be  temporarily  covered  with  suitable  ma- 
teria) for  protection  from  being  frozen. 
On  top  of  any  arch,  lintel  or  other  de- 
vice which  does  not  extend  to  and  form 
a horizontal  line  with  the  top  of  the  said 
floor  beams,  cinder  concrete  or  other 
suitable  fireproof  material  shall  be  placed 
to  solidly  fill  up  the  space  to  a level  with 
the  top  of  the  said  floor  beams,  and  shall 
be  carried  to  the  under  side  of  the  wood 
floor  boards  in  case  such  be  used.  Tem- 
porary centering  when  used  in  placing 
fireproof  systems  between  floor  beams, 
shall  not  be  removed  within  twenty-four 
hours  or  until  such  time  as  the  mortar 
or  material  has  set.  All  fireproof  floor 
system?  shall  be  of  sufficient  strength  to 
safely  carry  the  load  to  be  imposed 
thereon  without  straining  the  material 
in  any  case  beyond  its  safe  working  load. 
The  bottom  flanges  of  all  wrought  iron 
or  rolled  steel  floor  and  flat  roof  beams, 
and  all  exposed  portions  of  suclj  beams 
below  the  abutments  of  the  floor  arches 
shall  be  entirely  incased  with  hard  burnt 
clay,  porous  terra  cotta  or  other  fireproof 
material  allowed  to  be  used  for  the  fill- 
ing between  the  beams  under  the  pro- 
visions of  this  section,  such  incasing  ma- 
terial to  be  properly  secured  to  the 
beams. 

The  exposed  sides  and  bottom  plates  or 
flanges  ot  wrought  iron  or  rolled  steel 
girders  supporting  iron  or  steel  floor 
beams,  or  supporting  floor  arches  or 
floors,  shall  be  entirely  incased  In  the 
same  manner.  Openings  through  fireproof 
floors  for  pipes,  conduits  and  similar  pur- 
poses shall  be  shown  on  the  plans.  After 
the  floors  are  constructed  no  opening 
greater  than  eight  inches  square  shall  be 
cut  through  said  floors  unless  properly 
boxed  or  framed  around  with  iron.  And 
such  openings  shall  be  filled  in  with  fire- 
proof material  after  the  pipes  or  conduits 
are  in  place. 

InonalnK  Interior  Columns. 

Sec.  107.  All  cast  iron,  wrought  Iron  or 
rolled  steel  columns,  including  the  l"g“ 


and  brackets  on  same,  used  in  the  inte- 
rior of  any  fireproof  building,  or  used  to 
support  any  fireproof  floor,  shall  be  pro- 
tected with  not  less  than  two  Inches  of 
fireproof  material,  securely  applied.  The 
extreme  outer  edge  of  lugs,  brackets  and 
similar  supporting  metal  may  project  to 
within  seven-eighths  of  an  Inch  of  the 
surface  of  the  fireproofing. 

PART  XXI. 

PUBLIC  BUILDINGS,  THEATERS  AND 
PI. ACES  OF  ASSEMBLAGE. 
Public  Building's. 

Sec.  108.  In  all  buildings  of  a public 
character,  such  as  hotels,  churches,  the- 
aters, restaurants,  railroad  depots,  public 
halls,  and  other  buildings  used  or  in- 
tended to  be  used  for  purposes  of  public 
assembly,  amusement  or  instruction,  and 
including  department  stores  and  other 
business  and  manufacturing  buildings 
where  large  numbers  of  people  are  con- 
gregated, the  halls,  doors,  stairways, 
seats,  passageways  and  aisles,  and  all 
lighting  and  heating  appliances  and  appa- 
ratus shall  be  arranged  as  the  depart- 
ment of  buildings  shall  direct  to  facili- 
tate egress  in  cases  of  fire  or  accident, 
and  to  afford  the  requisite  and  proper 
accommodation  for  the  public  protection 
in  such  eases.  All  aisles  and  passageways 
in  said  buildings  shall  be  kept  free  from 
camp  stools,  chairs,  sofas  and  other  ob- 
structions, and  no  person  shall  be  allowed 
to  stand  in  or  occupy  any  of  said  aisles 
or  passageways,  during  any  performance, 
service,  axhibirion,  lecture,  concert,  ball 
or  any  public  assemblage.  The  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  having  jurisdiction 
may  at  any  time  serve  a written  or 
printed  notice  upon  the  owner,  lessee  or 
manager  of  any  of  said  buildings,  direct- 
ing any  act  or  thing  to  be  done  or  pro- 
vided in  or  about  the  said  buildings  and 
the  several  appliances  therewith  con- 
nected, such  as  halls,  doors,  stairs,  win- 
dows, seats,  aisles,  fire-walls,  fire  appa- 
ratus and  fire-escapes,  as  he  may  deem 
necessary.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall 
be  construed  to  authorize  or  require  any 
other  alterations  to  theaters  existing 
prior  to  June  9,  1885,  than  are  specified  in 
this  section. 

Theatres  and  Places  of  Public 
Amusement. 

Sec.  109.  Every  theater  or  opera  house 
or  other  building  intended  to  be  used  for 
theatrical  or  operatic  purposes,  or  for 
public  entertainment  of  any  kind,  here- 
after erected  for  the  accommodation  of 
more  than  three  hundred  persons  shall 
be  built  to  comply  with  the  requirements 
of  this  section.  No  building  which,  at  the 
lime  of  the  passage  of  this  code,  is  not 
in  actual  use  for  theatrical  or  operatic 
purposes,  and  no  building  hereaftei 
erected  not  in  conformity  with  the  re- 
quirements of  this  section,  shall  be  used 
for  theatrical  or  operatic  purposes,  or  for 
public  entertainments  of  any  kind,  until 
the  same  shall  have  been  made  to  con- 
form to  the  requirements  of  this  section. 
And  no  building  hereinbefore  described 
shall  bo  opened  to  the  public  for  theat- 
rical or  operatic  purposes,  or  for  public 
entertainments  of  any  kind,  until  the  de- 
partment of  buildings  and  the  fire  com- 
missioner shall  have  approved  the  same 
in  writing  as  conforming  to  the  require- 
ments of  this  section.  Every  such  build- 
ing shall  have  at  least  one  front  on  the 
street,  and  in  such  front  there  shall  be 
suitable  means  of  entrance  and  exit  for 
the  audience,  not  less  than  twenty-five 
feet  in  width.  In  addition  to  the  afore- 
said entrances  and  exits  on  the  street 
there  shall  be  reserved  for  service  in 
case  of  an  emergency  an  open  court  or 
space  in  the  rear  and  on  the  side  not 
bordering  ou  the  street,  where  said  build- 
ing is  located  on  a corner  lot;  and  In  the 
rear  and  on  both  sides  of  said  building, 
where  there  Is  but  one  frontage  ou  the 
street  as  hereinafter  provided.  The  width 
of  such  open  court  or  courts  shall  be 
not  than  fen  feet. Where  the  <mnHng 


capacity  is  .io‘  over  one  thousand  peo- 
ple, above  one  thousand  and  not  more 
than  eighteen  hundred  people  twelve  feet 
in  width,  and  above  eighteen  hundred 
people  fourteen  feet  in  width.  Said  open 
court  or  courts  shall  extend  the  full 
length  and  height  of  the  building  and 
across  on  each  side  and  rear  thereof  where 
its  sides  or  side  does  not  abut  on  a street 
or  alley,  and  shall  be  of  the  same  width 
at  all  points,  and  exits  hereafter  speci- 
fied shall  lead  into  such  open  courts.  Dur- 
ing the  performance  the  doors  or  gates 
in  the  corridors  shall  be  kept  open  by 
proper  rasteniugs;  at  other  times 
they  may  be  closed  and  fastened  by 
movable  bolts  or  blocks.  The  said 
open  courts  and  corridors  shall  not 
be  used  for  storage  purposes,  or  for 
any  purposes  whatsoever  except  for  exit 
an  1 entrance  from  and  to  the  auditorium 
and  stage,  and  must  be  kept  free  and 
clear  during  performances.  .The  level  of 
said  corridors  at  the  front  entrance  to 
the  building  shall  be  not  greater  than 
one  step  above  the  level  of  the  sidewalk 
where  they  begin  at  the  street  entrance. 
The  entrance  of  the  main  front  of  the 
building  shall  be  not  on  a higher  level 
from  the  sidewalk  than  four  steps,  unless 
approved  by  the  department  of  buildings, 
j To  overcome  any  difference  of  level  in 
! and  between  courts,  corridors,  lobbies, 
passages  and  aisles  on  the  ground  floor, 

; gradients  shall  be  employed  of  not  over 
| one  foot  in  twelve  feet,  with  no  per» 

| pendicular  rises.  From  the  auditorium 
opening  into  the  said  open  courts  or  on 
the  side  street,  there  shall  be  not  less 
than  two  exits  on  each  side  in  each  tier 
from  and  including  the  parquet  and  each 
and  every  gallery.  Each  exit  shall  be  at 
least  five  feet  in  width  in  the  clear  and 
provided  with  doors  of  iron  or  wood;  if 
of  wood,  the  doors  shall  be  constructed 
as  hereinbefore  in  this  code  described. 
All  of  said  doors  shall  open  outwardly, 
and  shall  be  fastened  with  movable  bolts, 
the  bolts  to  be  kept  drawn  during  per- 
formances. There  shall  be  balconies  not 
less  than  six  feet  in  width  in  the  said 
open  court  or  courts  at  each  level  or  tier 
above  the  parquet,  on  each  side  of  the 
auditorium,  of  sufficient  length  to  em- 
brace the  two  exits,  and  from  said  bal- 
conies there  shall  be  staircases  extend- 
ing to  the  ground  level,  with  a rise  of 
not  over  eight  and  one-half  inches  to  a 
step  and  not  less  than  nine  inches  tread, 
! exclusive  of  the  nosing.  The  staircase 
I from  the  upper  balcony  to  the  next  below 
' shall  be  not  less  than  forty-eight  inches 
! in  width  in  the  clear,  and  from  the  first 
I balcony  lo  thp  ground  four  feet  in  width 
i in  the  clear  where  the  seating  capacity 
I of  the  auditorium  Is  for  one  thousand 
! people  or  less,  four  feet  six  inches  in  the 
i-lea r where  above  one  thousand  and  not 
j more  than  eighteen  hundred  people,  and 
five  feet  in  the  clear  where  above  eigh- 
teen hundred  people  and  not  more  than 
! twenty-five  hundred  people,  and  not  over 
five  feet  six  inches  in  the  clear  where 
above  twenty-five  hundred  people.  All 
(lie  before-mentioned  balconies  and  stair- 
cases shall  be  constructed  of  iron 
throughout,  including  the  floors,  and  of 
ample  strength  to  sustain  the  load  to  be 
: carried  by  them,  and  they  shall  be  cov- 
: ered  with  metal  hood  or  awning,  to  be 
! constructed  in  such  manner  as  shall  be 
j approved  by  the  department  of  buildings. 

Where  one  side  of  the  building  borders 
I on  the  street,  there  shall  he  balconies 
j and  staircases  of  like  capacity  and  kind, 
as  before  mentioned,  carried  to  the 
; ground.  When  located  on  a corner  lot. 
that  portion  of  the  promises  bordering 
ou  the  side  street  and  not  required  for 
the  uses  of  the  theater  may.  if  such  por- 
tion be  not  more  than  twenty-five  feet  In 
width,  be  used  for  offices,  stores  or  apart- 
ments. provided  the  walls  separating 
this  portion  from  the  theater  proper  are 
carried  up  solidly  to  and  through  the 
roof,  and  that  a fireproof  exit  is  pro- 
vided for  the  theater  on  each  tier,  equal 
to  the  combined  width  of  exits  opening 
on  opposite  sides  In  each  tier,  communi- 
cating with  balconies  and  staircases 
leading  to  the  street  In  manner  provided 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


41 


elsewhere  in  this  section;  said  ex't  pas-  ; 
sages  shall  be  entirely  cut  off  by  crick 
avails  from  said  offices,  stores  or  apart- 
ments, and  the  floors  and  ceilings  in  each 
tier  shall  be  fireproof.  Nothing  herein 
contained  shall  prevent  a roof  garden,  art 
gallery  or  rooms  for  similar  purposes  be- 
ing placed  above  a theater  or  public 
building,  provided  the  floor  of  the  same 
forming  the  roof  over  such  theater  or 
building  shall  be  constructed  of  iron  or 
steel  and  fireproof  materials,  and  that 
said  floor  shall  have  no  covering  boards 
or  3leepers  of  wood,  but  be  of  tile  or 
cement.  Every  roof  over  said  garden  or 
rooms  shall  have  all  supports  and  rafters 
of  iron  or  steel,  and  be  covered  with 
glass  or  fireproof  materials,  or  both,  but 
no  such  roof  garden,  art  gallery  or  room  , 
for  any  public  purpose  shall  be  placed  j 
over  or  above  that  portion  of  any  theater 
or  other  building  which  is  used  as  a 
stage.  No  workshop,  storage  or  general 
property  room  shall  be  allowed  above  the 
•auditorium  or  stage,  or  under  the  same 
or  in  any  of  the  fly  galleries.  All  of  said 
rooms  or  shops  may  be  located  in  the 
rear  or  at  the  side  of  the  stage,  but  in 
such  cases  they  shall  be  separated  from 
the  stage  by  a brick  wall,  and  the  open- 
ings leading  into  said  portions  shall  have 
fireproof  doors  on  each  side  of  the  open- 
ings, hung  to  iron  eyes  built  into  the 
wall.  No  portion  of  any  building  here- 
after erected  or  altered,  used  or  Intended 
to  be  used  for  theatrical  or  other  pur- 
poses as  In  this  section  specified,  shall 
be  occupied  or  used  as  a hotel,  hoarding 
or  lodging  house,  factory,  workshop  or  j 
manufactory,  or  for  storage  purposes,  | 
except  as  may  he  hereafter  specially  pro- 
vided for.  Said  restrictions  relate  not 
only  to  that  portion  of  the  building  which 
contains  the  auditorium  and  the  stage, 
hut  applies  also  to  the  entire  structure 
in  conjunction  therewith.  No  store  or 
room  contained  in  the  building,  or  the 
offices,  stores  or  apartments  adjoiirng.  as 
aforesaid,  shall  be  let  or  used  for  carry- 
ing on  any  business,  dealing  and  articles 
designated  as  specially  hazardous  ;n  the  t 
classification  of  the  New  York  board  o. 
fire  underwriters,  or  for  manufacturing  | 
purposes.  No  lodging  accommodations 
shall  be  allowed  in  any  part  of  the  build- 
ing communicating  with  the  auditorium. 
Interior  walls  built  of  fireproofing  ma- 
terials shall  separate  the  auditorium  from 
the  entrance  vestibule,  and  from  any 
room  or  rooms  over  the  same,  also  from 
lobbies,  corridors,  refreshment  or  other > 
rooms.  All  etalrcases  for  the  use  of  the] 
audience  shall  be  inclosed  with  walls  of 
brick,  or  of  fireproof  materials  approved 
by  the  department  of  buildings,  in  the  I 
storieH  through  which  they  pass,  and  the 
openings  to  said  staircases  from  “ich  t ier  ( 
shall  be  the  full  width  of  said  afa'rcase.  j 
No  door  shall  open  immediately  noon  a 
flight  of  stairs,  but  a landlt.g  at  least  i 
the  width  of  the  door  shall  be  provided  I 
between  such  stairs  and  such  door.  A 
flie wall,  built  of  brick,  shall  separate  'he 
auditorium  from  the  stage.  The  same 
shall  extend  at  least  four  leet  above  the1 
stage  roof,  or  the  auditorium  roof.  If  the  j 
latter  be  the  higher,  and  shall  bo  coped. 
Above  the  proscenium  opening  there  shall 
be  an  iron  girder  of  suffl  ulont  strength 
to  safely  support  the  load  above.  and  the 
same  shall  he  covered  with  fireproof  ma- 
terials to  protect  It  from  the  heat.  Should 
there  be  constructed  an  orchestra  over 
the  stage,  above  the  prose .•niuni  opening, 
the  said  orchestri  shall  be  placed  on  liic 
auditorium  side  of  the  proscenium  fl"e- 
wall.  and  shall  be  entered  onlv  from  the 
auditorium  Bide  of  suld  wall.  The  molded 
frame  around  the  proscenium  open'ng 
shall  be  formed  entirely  of  fireproof  Ma- 
terials: If  metal  be  used,  the  rrelal  shall 
be  filled  In  solid  with  n« /.-combustible 
ir.sterlal  and  securely  an  .bored  to  the 
wall  with  Iron.  The  proscenium  operrng 
shall  be  provided  with  a fireproof  metal 
curtain,  or  n curtain  of  asbestos  or  ether 
fireproof  material  approv’d  by  tho  de- 
partment of  buildings,  sliding  at  each  end 
within  Iron  grooves,  securely  listened  to 
the  brick  wnll  and  exf/ndlng  In  u such 
grooves  to  n depth  not  less  'hail  six 
Inches  on  es^h  side  of  the  openiug  l1-'1 1 


fireproof  curtain  shall  be  raised  at  the 
commencement  of  each  performance  aud 
lowered  at  the  close  of  said  performance, 
and  be  operated  by  approved  machinery 
for  that  purpose.  The  proscenium  cur- 
tains shall  be  placed  at  least  three  leet 
distant  from  the  footlights  at  the  near-  j 
est  point.  No  doorway  or  opening  through 
the  proscenium  wall,  from  the  auditorium, 
shall  be  allowed  above  the  level  of  the  j 
first  floor,  and  such  first  floor  openings , 
shall  have  fireproof  doors  on  each  face  i 
of  the  wall  and  the  doors  shall  be  hung  | 
so  as  to  be  opened  from  either  side  at  ; 
all  times.  There  shall  be  provided  over! 
the  stage  metal  skylights  of  an  area  or, 
lombined  area  of  at  least  one-eighth  the 
area  of  said  stage,  fitted  up  with  sliding 
sash  and  glazed  with  double  thick  sheet 
glass  uat  exceeding  one-twelfth  of  an 
inch  tnick,  and  each  pane  thereof  measur- 
ing not  less  than  300  square  inches,  and 
the  whole  of  which  skylight  shall  be  so 
constructed  as  to  open  instantly  on  the 
cutting  or  burning  of  a hempen  cord, 
which  shall  be  arranged  to  hold  said  sky- 
lights closed  or  some  other  equally  simple 
approved  device  for  opening  them  may  be 
provided.  Immediately  underneath  the 
glass  of  said  skylights  there  shall  be  wire 
netting,  but  wire  glass  shall  not  be  used 
in  lieu  of  this  requirement.  All  that  por- 
tion of  the  stage  not  comprised  in  the 
working  of  scenery,  traps  and  other  me- 
chanical apparatus  for  the  presentation , 
of  a scene,  usually  equal  to  the  width  of 
the  proscenium  opening,  shall  be  built  of  j 
iron  or  steel  beams  filled  in  between  with: 
fireproof  material,  and  all  girders  for  the 
support  of  said  beams  shall  be  of  wrought 
iron  or  rolled  steel.  The  fly-galleries 
entire,  including  pin-rails,  shall  be 
constructed  of  iron  or  steel,  and  the  floors 
of  said  galleries  shall  be  composed  of 
iron  or  steel  beams,  filled  with  frreproof 
materials,  and  no  wood  boards  or  sleepers! 
shall  be  used  as  covering  over  beams, 
but  the  said  floors  shall  be  entirely  fire- 
proof. The  rigging  loft  shall  be  fireproof. 
All  stage  scenery,  curtains  and  decora- 
tions made  of  combustible  material,  and 
all  woodwork  on  or  about  the  stage  shall 
be  painted  or  saturated  with  some  non- 
combustible  material  or  otherwise  ren- 
dered safe  against  fire,  and  the  finishing 
coats  of  paint  applied  to  all  woodwork 
through  the  entire  building  shall  be  of 
such  kind  as  will  resist  fire  to  the  satis-  j 
faction  of  the  department  of  buildings,  i 
The  roof  over  the  auditorium  and  the  en-  ! 
tire  main  floor  of  the  auditorium  and  ves- 
tibule. also  the  entire  floor  of  the  second 
story  of  the  front  superstructure  over  the: 
entrance,  lobby  and  corridors,  and  all  gal- 
leries aud  supports  for  the  same  in  the 
auditorium  shall  be  constructed  of  iron 
or  steel  and  fireproof  materials,  not  ex- 
cluding the  use  of  wood  floor-boards  and 
necessary  sleepers  to  fasten  the  same  to. 
but  such  sleepers  shall  not  mean  timbers 
of  support,  and  the  space  between  the 
sleepers,  excepting  a portion  under  the 
stepping  in  the  galleries,  which  shall  bo 
properly  fire-stopped,  shall  be  solidly 
filled  with  incombustible  material  up  to 
under  side  of  the  floor-boards.  The  fronts 
of  each  gallery  Bhall  be  formed  of  fire- 
proof materials,  except  the  capping,  which 
may  be  made  of  wood.  Tho  celling  tinder 
each  gallery  shall  be  entirely  formed  of 
fireproof  materials.  The  celling  by  the 
auditorium  shall  be  formed  of  fireproof 
materials.  All  lathing,  whenever  used, 
shall  be  of  wire  or  other  metal.  The  par- 
titions In  that  portion  of  tfie  building 
which  contains  the  auditorium,  the  eu- 
Irance  and  vestibule  and  every  room  and 
passage  devoted  to  the  use  of  the  audi- 
ence shall  be  constructed  of  fireproof  ma- 
terials, Including  the  furring  of  outside 
or  olfyer  walls.  None  of  the  walls  or  ceil- 
ings shall  be  covered  with  wood  sheath- 
ing. canvas  or  any  combustible  material. 
Hut  this  Mhall  not  exclude  the  use  of  wood 
wainscot ing  to  a height  not  to  exceed  si*, 
feet,  which  hall  be  filled  in  soll/1  between 
the  wainscoting  and  the  wall  with  fire- 
proof materials.  The  walls  separating 
t lie  a .-tors'  dressing  rooms  from  tho  stage 
and  the  partitions  dividing  the  dressing 
t-gether  with  the  psrM'tons  «f 


every  passageway  from  the  same  to  ths 
stage,  and  all  the  partitions  od  or  about 
the  stage  shall  be  constructed  of  fire- 
proof material  approved  by  the  depart- 
ment of  buildings.  All  doors  in  any  of 
said  partitions  shall  be  fireproof.  All 
shelving  and  cupboards  in  each  and  every 
dressing  room,  property  room  or  other 
storage  rooms  shall  be  constructed  of 
metal,  slate  or  some  fireproof  material. 
Dressing  rooms  may  be  placed  in  the  fly- 
galleries  provided  that  proper  exits  are 
secured  theretrom  to  the  fire  escapes  In 
the  open  courts,  and  that  the  partitions 
and  other  matters  pertaining  to  dressing 
rooms  shall  conform  to  the  requirements 
herein  contained,  but  the  stairs  leading  to 
the  same  shall  be  fireproof.  All  dressing 
rooms  shall  have  an  independent'  exit 
leading  directly  into  a court  or  street, 
and  shall  be  ventilated  by  windows  in  the 
external  walls;  and  no  dressing  room 
shall  be  below  the  street  level.  All  win- 
dows shall  be  arranged  to  open,  and  none 
of  the  windows  in  outside  walls  shall  have 
fixed  sashes,  iron  grills  or  bars.  All  seats 
in  the  auditorium,  excepting  those  con- 
tained in  boxes,  shall  be  -not  less  than 
thirty-two  inches  from  back  to  back, 
measured  in  a horizontal  direction,  and 
firmly  secured  to  the  floor.  No  seat  In 
the  auditorium  shall  have  more  than  six 
seats  intervening  between  it  and  an  aisl-1 
on  either  side.  No  stool  or  seat  shall  be 
placed  in  any  aisle.  All  platforms  in  gal- 
leries formed  to  receive  the  seats  shall 
not  be  more  than  twenty-one  inches 
in  height  of  riser,  nor  less  than 
thirty-two  inches  in  width  of  plat- 
form. All  aisles  on  the  respective  flooi-3 
in  the  auditorium  shall  be  not  less 
than  three  feet  wide  where  they  begin, 
and  shall  be  increased  in  width  toward 
the  exits  in  a ratio  of  one  and  one-half 
inches  to  five  running  feet.  The  foyers, 
lobbies,  corridors,  passages  and  rooms  tor 
the  use  of  the  audience,  uot  including 
aisles  spaced  between  seats,  shall 
on  the  first  or  main  floor  where  the  seat- 
ing capacity  exceeds  five  hundred  or 
more,  be  at  least  sixteen  feet  clear, 
back  of  the  last  row  of  seats,  and 
on  each  balcony  or  gallery  at  least 
twelve  feet  clear  of  the  last  row  of 
seats.  Gradients  or  inclined  planes  shall 
be  employed  instead  of  steps  where  pos- 
sible to  overcome  slight  difference  of 
level  la  cr  between  aisles,  corridors  and 
passages.  Every  theater  accommodai  - 
ing  three  hundred  persons  shall  have 
at  least  two  exits;  when  accommo- 
dating five  hundred  persons,  at  least 
three  exits  shall  be  provided;  these  exits 
not  referring  to  or  including  the  exits  to 
the  open  court  at  the  side  of  the  theater. 
Doorways  of  exit  or  eutranee  for  the  use  ot 
the  publlcshall  be  not  less  than  five  feet  in 
width,  and  for  every  additional  one  hundred 
persons  or  portions  thereof  to  be  accom- 
modated. In  excess  of  five  hundred,  an  ag- 
gregate of  twenty  inches  additional  exit 
wtdth  must  be  allowed.  All  doors  of  exit 
or  entrance  shall  open  outwardly  and  be 
huDg  to  swing  in  such  a manner  as  not  l*. 
become  an  obstruction  in  a passage  or 
corridor,  and  no  such  doors  shall  be 
closed  and  locked  during  any  representa- 
tion, or  when  the  building  Is  open  to  the 
public.  Distinct  aud  separate  places  of 
exit  und  entrance  shall  he  provided  for 
each  gallery  above  the  first.  A common 
place  of  exit  and  entrance  niny  serve  for 
the  main  floor  of  the  auditorium  aud  the 
first  gallery,  provided  Us  capacity  be 
equal  to  the  aggregate  capacity  of  the 
outlets  from  the  main  floor  und  tho  said 
gallery.  No  passage  leading  to  any  stair- 
way communicating  with  any  entrance  or 
exit  shall  be  less  than  four  feet  In  width 
In  any  part  thereof.  All  stairs  within 
the  building  shall  be  constructed  of  fire- 
proof matorlnl  throughout.  Stairs  from 
balconies  and  galleries  shall  not  com- 
municate with  the  basement  nr  cellar 
All  stairs  shall  have  I read/,  of  uniform 
width  and  risers  of  uniform  height 
throughout  In  each  llighl.  Stairways  serving 
for  the  exit  for  fifty  people  shall  be  at 
least  four  feet  wide  between  railings  or 
I . u ,.n  'vp 1 1-  nod  'o.  every  additional 


42 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


fifty  people  to  be  accommodated  six 
Inches  must  be  added  to  their  width.  The 
width  of  all  stairs  shall  be  measured  in 
the  clear  between  hand-rails.  In  no  case 
shall  the  risers  of  any  stairs  exceed  seven 
and  a half  inches  in  height,  nor  shall  the 
treads,  exclusive  of  nosings,  be  less  than 
ten  and  one-half  inches  wide  in  straight 
stairs.  No  circular  or  winding  stairs  for 
the  use  of  the  public  shall  be  permitted. 
Where  the  seating  capacity  is  for  more 
than  one  thousand  people,  there  shall  be 
at  least  two  independent  staircases,  with 
direct  exterior  outlets,  provided  for  each 
gallery  in  the  auditorium,  where  there 
are  not  more  than  two  galleries,  and  the 
same  shall  be  located  on  opposite  sides 
of  said  galleries.  Where  there  are  more 
tnan  two  galleries  one  or  more  additional 
staircases  shall  bo  provided,  the  outlets 
from  which  shall  communicate  directly 
with  the  principal  exit  or  other  exterior 
outlets.  All  said  staircases  shall  be  of 
width  proportionate  to  the  seating  ca- 
pacity as  elsewhere  herein  prescribed. 
Where  the  seating  capacity  is  for  one 
thousand  people,  or  less,  two  direct  lines 
of  staircases  only  shall  be  required,  lo- 
cated on  opposite  sides  of  the  galleries, 
and  in  both  cases  shall  extend  from  the 
sidewalk  level  to  the  upper  gallery,  with 
outlets  from  each  gallery  to  each  of  said 
staircases.  At  least  two  independent 
staircases,  with  direct  exterior  outlets, 
shall  also  be  provided  for  the  service  of 
the  stage  and  shall  be  located  on  the  op- 
posite sides  of  the  same.  All  inside  stair- 
ways leading  to  the  upper  galleries  of 
the  auditorium  shall  be  inclosed  on  both 
sides  with  walls  of  fireproof  materials. 
Stairs  leading  to  the  first  or  lower  gallery 
may  be  left  open  on  one  side,  in  which 
case  they  shall  be  constructed  as  herein 
provided  for  similar  stairs  leading  from 
the  entrance  hall  to  the  main  floor  of  the 
auditorium.  But  in  no  case  shall  stairs 
leading  to  any  gallery  be  left  open  on 
both  sides.  When  straight  stairs  return 
directly  on  themselves,  a landing  of  the 
full  width  of  both  flights,  without  any 
steps,  shall  be  provided.  The  outer  line 
of  landings  shall  be  curved  to  a radius 
of  not  less  than  two  feet,  to  avoid  square 
angles.  Stairs  turning  at  an  angle  shall 
have  a proper  landing  without  winders 
Introduced  at  said  turn.  In  stairs,  when 
two  side  flights  connect  with  one  main 
flight,  no  winders  shall  be  introduced,  and 
the  width  of  the  main  flight  shall  be  at 
least  equal  to  the  aggregate  width 
of  the  side  flights.  All  stairs  shall 
have  proper  landings  introduced  at 
convenient  distances.  All  inclosed  stair- 
cases shall  have,  on  both  sides,  strong 
hand-rails  firmly  secured  to  the  wall 
about  three  inches  distant  therefrom  and 
about  three  feet  above  the  stairs,  but  said 
hand-rails  shall  not  run  on  level  platforms 
and  landings  where  the  same  is  more  in 
length  than  the  width  of  the  stairs.  All 
staircases  eight  feet  and  over  in  width 
shall  be  provided  with  a center  hand- 
rail of  metal,  not  less  than  two  inches  in 
diameter,  placed  at  a height  of  about 
three  feet  above  the  center  of  the  treads, 
and  supported  on  wrought  metal  or  brass 
standards  of  sufficient  strength,  placed 
not  nearer  than  four  feet  nor  more  than 
six  feet  apart,  and  securely  bolted  to  the 
treads  or  risers  of  stairs,  or  both,  and 
at  the  head  of  each  flight  of  stairs,  on 
each  landing,  the  post  or  standard  shall 
be  at  least  six  feet  in  height,  to  which 
the  rail  shall  be  secured.  Every  steam 
boiler  which  may  be  required  for  heating 
or  other  purposes  shall  be  located  out- 
side of  the  building,  and  the  space  al- 
lotted to  the  same  shall  be  inclosed  by 
walls  of  masonry  oia  all  sides,  and  the 
ceiling  of  such  space  shall  be  constructed 
of  fireproof  materials.  All  doorways  in 
said  walls  shall  have  fireproof  doors.  No 
floor  register  for  heating  shall  be  permit- 
ted. No  coil  or  radiator  shall  be  placed 
In  any  aisle  or  passageway  used  as  an 
exit,  but  all  said  coils  and  radiators  shall 
be  placed  in  recesses  formed  in  the  wall 
or  partition  to  receive  the  same.  All 
supply,  return  or  exhaust  pipes  shall  be 
properly  incased  and  protected  where 


passing  through  floors  or  near  woodwork. 
Standpipes  four  inches  in  diameter  shali 
be  provided  with  hose  attachments  on 
every  floor  and  gallery  as  follows,  name- 
ly: One  on  each  side  of  the  auditorium 
in  each  tier,  also  on  each  side  of  the 
stage  in  each  tier  and  at  least  one  in  the 
property  room  and  one  in  the  carpenter’s 
shop,  if  the  same  be  contiguous  to  the 
building.  All  such  standpipes  shall  be 
kept  clear  from  obstruction.  Said  stand- 
pipes shall  be  separate  and  distinct,  re- 
ceiving their  supply  of  water  direct  from 
the  power  pump  or  pumps,  and  shall  be 
fitted  with  the  regulation  couplings  of  the 
fire  department,  and  shall  be  kept  con- 
stantly filled  with  water  by  means  of  an 
automatic  power  pump  or  pumps,  of  suf- 
ficient capacity  to  supply  all  the  lines  of 
hose  when  operated  simultaneously,  and 
said  pump  or  pumps  shall  be  supplied 
from  the  street  main  and  be  ready  for 
immediate  use  at  all  times  during  the 
performance  in  said  building.  In  addi- 
tion to  the  requirements  contained  in  this 
section,  the  standpipes  shall  also  con- 
form to  the  requirements  contained  in 
section  102  of  this  code.  A separate  and 
distinct  system  of  automatic  sprinklers, 
with  fusible  plugs,  approved  by  the  de- 
partment of  buildings,  supplied  with 
water  from  a tank  located  on  the  roof 
over  the  stage  and  not  connected  In  any 
manner  with  the  standpipes,  shall  be 
placed  each  side  of  the  proscenium  open- 
ing and  on  the  ceiling  or  roof  over  the 
stage  at  such  intervals  as  will  protect 
every  square  foot  of  stage  surface  when 
said  sprinklers  are  in  operation.  Auto- 
matic sprinklers  shall  also  be  placed, 
whereever  practicable,  in  the  dressing 
rooms,  under  the  stage  and  in  the  car- 
penter shop,  paint  rooms,  storp  rooms 
and  property  room  A proper  and  suf- 
ficient quantity  of  two  and  one-half  inch 
hose,  not  less  than  one  hundred  feet  in 
length  fitted  with  the  regulation  coup- 
lings of  the  fire  department,  and  with 
nozzles  attached  thereto,  and  with  hose 
spanners  at  each  outlet,  shall  always  be 
kept  attached  to  each  hose  attachment 
as  the  fire  commissioner  may  direct. 
There  shall  also  be  kept  In  readiness  for 
immediate  use  on  Ihe  stage,  at  least  four 
casks  full  of  water,  and  two  buckets  to 
each  cask.  Said  casks  and  buckets  shall 
be  painted  red.  There  shall  also  he  pro- 
j vided  hand  pumps  or  other  portable  fire 
extinguishing  apparatus  and  at  least  four 
axes  and  two  twenty-five  foot  books,  two 
fifteen  foot  hook  = , and  two  ten  foot  hooks 
on  each  tier  or  floor  of  the  stage.  Every 
portion  of  the  building  devoted  to  the 
uses  or  accommodation  of  the  public,  also 
all  outlets  leading  to  the  streets  and  in- 
cluding the  open  courts  or  corridors, 
shall  b°  well  and  properly  lighted  during 
every  performance,  and  the  same  shall 
remain  lighted  until  the  entire  audience 
has  left  the  premises  All  gas  or  electric 
lights  in  the  halls,  corridors,  lobby  or 
any  other  part  of  said  buildings  used  by 
the  audience,  except  the  auditorium,  must 
be  controlled  by  a separate  shut-off. 
located  in  the  lobby  ami  controlled  only 
in  that  particular  place.  Gas  mains  sup- 
plying the  building  shall  have  indepen- 
dent connections  for  the  auditorium  and 
the  stage,  and  provision  shall  be  made 
for  shutting  off  the  gas  from  the  out- 
side of  the  building.  When  interioi 
gas  lights  are  not  1‘ehtsd  by  electricity 
other  suitable  appliances,  to  be  approved 
by  the  department  of  buildings,  shall  be 
provided.  All  suspended  or  bracket  lights  j 
surrounded  by  glass  in  the  auditorium, 
or  in  any  part  of  the  building  devoted  to 
the  publie,  shall  be  provided  with  proper 
wire  netting  underneath.  No  gas  or  elec- 
tric light  shall  be  Inserted  In  the  walls, 
woodwork,  ceilings,  or  in  any  part  of  the 
building,  unless  protected  by  fireproof 
materials.  All  lights  in  passages  and 
corridors  in  said  buildings,  and  wherever 
deemed  necessary  by  the  department  of 
buildings  shall  be  protected  with  proper 
wire  net  work.  The  footlights,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  wire  network,  shall  be  pro- 
tected with  a strong  wire  guard  and 
chain,  placed  not  less  than  two  feet  dis- 
tant from  said  footlights,  and  the  trough  1 


containing  said  footlights  shall  be  formed 
of  and  surrounded  by  fireproof  materials. 
All  border  lights  shall  be  constructed  ac- 
cording to  the  best  known  methods,  and 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  depart- 
ment of  buildings,  and  shall  be  suspend- 
ed for  ten  feet  by  wire  rope.  All  ducts 
or  shafts  used  for  conducting  heated  air 
from  the  main  chandelier,  or  from  any 
other  light  or  lights,  shall  be  constructed 
of  metal  and  made  double,  with  an  air 
space  between.  All  stage  lights  shall 
have  strong  metal  wire  guards  or  screens, 
not  less  than  ten  inches  in  diameter,  so 
constructed  that  any  material  in  contact 
therewith  shall  be  out  of  reach  of  the 
flames  of  said  stage  lights  and  must  be 
soldered  to  the  fixture  In  all  cases.  The 
standpipes,  gas  pipes,  electric  wires, 
hose,  footlights,  and  all  apparatus  for 
the  extinguishing  of  fire  or  guarding 
against  the  same,  as  in  this  section  speci- 
fied, shall  be  in  charge  and  under  control 
of  the  fire  department,  and  the  commis- 
sioner of  said  department  is  hereby  di- 
rected to  see  that  the  arrangements  in 
respect  thereto  a<re  carried  out  and  en- 
forced. A diagram  or  plan  of  each  tier, 
gallery  or  floor,  showing  distinctly  the 
exits  thprefrom,  each  occupying  a space 
not  less  than  fifteen  square  inches,  shall 
be  printed  in  black  lines  in  a legible 
manner  on  the  programme  of  the  per- 
formance. Every  exit  shall  have  over  tha 
same  on  the  inside  the  word  “Exit" 
painted  in  legible  letters  not  less  tbaa 
eight  inches  high. 

Sec.  2.  The  provisions  of  the  foregoing 
section  shall  not  be  construed  to  mean 
or  made  to  apply  to  any  theater,  opera 
house,  or  building  Intended  to  be  used 
for  theatrical  or  operatic  purposes,  now 
erected  or  for  which  plans  have  hereto- 
fore been  approved  by  the  superintendent 
of  buildings. 

PART  XXII. 

IRON  \XD  STEEL  COXSTRL’CTIO.Y. 
Skeleton  Construction. 

Sec.  110.  Where  columns  are  used  t> 
support  iron  or  steel  girders  carrying  in- 
closure walls,  the  said  columns  shall  be 
of  cast  iron,  wrought  iron,  or  rollel 
steel,  and  on  their  exposed  outer  and  in- 
ner surfaces  be  constructed  to  resist  fire 
by  having  a casing  of  brickwork  not  less 
than  eight,  inches  in  thicknes  on  the 
outer  surfaces,  nor  less  than  four  inches 
in  thickness  on  the  inner  surfaces,  and 
all  bonded  into  the  brickwork  of  the  in- 
closure  walls.  The  exposed  sides  of  the 
iron  or  steel  girders  shall  be  similarly 
covered  in  with  brickwork  not  less  thau 
four  Inches  in  thickness  ou  the  outer 
surfaces  and  tied  and  bonded,  but  the 
extreme  outer  edge  of  the  flanges  of 
beams,  or  plates  or  angles  connected  to 
i he  beams,  may  project  to  within  two 
inches  of  the  outside  surface  of  the  brick 
casing.  The  inside  surfaces  of  girders 
may  be  similarly  covered  with  brickwork, 
or  if  projecting  inside  of  the  wall,  they 
shall  he  protected  by  terra-cotta,  con- 
crete or  other  fireproof  material.  Gird- 
ers for  the  support  of  the  inclosure  walls 
shall  be  placed  at  the  floor  line  of  each 
story. 

Steel  and  Wroofflit  Iron  Columns. 

See.  Ill — No  part  of  a steel  or  wrought 
iron  column  shall  be  less  than  one-quar- 
ter of  an  Inch  thick.  No  wrought  Iron  or 
rolled  steel  column  shall  have  an  un- 
supported length  of  more  than  forty 
times  its  least  lateral  dimension  or  di- 
ameter, except  as  modified  by  section  138 
of  this  code,  and  also  except  in  6uch 
cases  as  the  commissioners  of  buildings 
may  specially  allow  a greater  unsup- 
ported length.  The  ends  of  all  columns 
shall  be  faced  to  a plane  surface  at  right 
angles  to  the  axis  of  the  columns  and  the 
connection  between  them  shall  be  made 
with  splice  plates.  The  joint  may  be 
effected  by  rivets  of  sufficient  size  and 
number  to  transmit  the  entire  stress,  and 
then  the  splice  plates  shall  be  equal  In 
sectional  area  to  the  area  of  column 
spliced.  When  the  section  of  the  columns 
to  be  spliced  Is  such  that  spliced  plates 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


43 


cannot  be  used,  a connection  formed  of 
plate3  and  angles  may  be  used,  designed 
to  properly  distribute  the  stress.  No  ma- 
teria1 v hether  in  the  body  of  the  column 
or  used  as  lattice-bar  or  stay-plate,  shall 
be  used  in  any  wrought  iron  or  steel  col- 
umn of  less  thickness  than  one-thirty- 
second  of  its  unsupported  width  measured 
between  centers  of  rivets  transversely, 
or  one-sixteenth  the  distance  between 
centers  or  rivets  in  the  direction  of  the  j 
stress.  Stay-plates  are  to  have  not  less 
than  four  rivets,  and  are  to  be  spaced  so 
that  the  ratio  of  length  by  the  least  ra- 
dius of  gyration  of  the  parts  connected 
does  not  exceed  forty;  the  distance  be- 
tween nearest  rivets  of  two  stay-plates 
shall  in  this  case  be  considered  as  length. 
Steel  an  1 wrought  iron  columns  shall  be 
made  in  one,  two  or  three-story  lengths, 
and  the  materials  shall  be  rolled  in  one 
length  wherever  practicable  to  avoid  in- 
termediate splices.  Where  any  part  of 
t lie  section  of  a column  projects  beyond 
that  of  the  column  below,  the  difference 
shall  be  made  up  by  filling  plates  se- 
cured to  column  by  the  proper  number  of 
rivets.  Shoes  of  iron  or  steel,  as  de- 
scribed for  cast  iron  columns,  or  built 
shoes  of  plates  and  shapes  may  be  used, 
complying  with  same  requirements. 

Cast  Iron  folunmn. 

Sec.  112.  Cast  iron  columns  shall  not 
have  less  diameter  than  five  inches  or 
less  thickness  than  three-quarters  of  an 
inch.  Nor  shall  they  have  an  unsupport- 
ed length  of  more  than  twenty  times 
iheir  least  lateral  dimensions  or  diam- 
eters, except  as  modified  by  section  128 
of  this  code,  and  except  the  same  may 
form  part  of  an  elevator  inelosure  or 
staircase,  and  also  except  In  such  eases  i 
as  the  commisssioner  of  buildings  having 
jurisdiction  may  specially  allow  a great  - , 
er  unsupported  length.  All  cast  iron  col-  I 
umns  shall  be  of  good  workmanship  and 
material.  The  top  and  bottom  flanges,  i 
seats  and  lugs  shall  be  of  ample  strength 
reinforced  by  fillets  and  brackets;  they 
shall  not  be  less  than  one  Inch  In  thick- 
ness when  finished.  All  columns  must  be 
faced  at  the  ends  to  a true  surface  per- 
pendicular to  the  axis  of  the  column. 
Column  joints  shall  be  secured  by  not 
less  than  four  bolts  each,  not  less  than 
three-quarters  of  an  Inch  in  diameter. 
The  holes  for  these  bolts  shall  be  drilled 
to  a template.  The  core  of  the  column 
below  a Joint  shall  be  not  larger  than 
ihe  core  of  the  column  above,  and  the 
metal  shall  be  tapered  down  for  a dis- 
tance of  not  less  than  six  inches,  or  a 
Joint  plate  may  be  inserted  of  sufficient 
strength  to  distribute  the  load.  The 
thickness  of  metal  shall  be  not  le3s  than 
one-twelfth  the  diameter  or  the  greatest 
lateral  dimension  of  cross  section,  but 
never  less  than  three-quarters  of  an 
Inch.  Wherever  the  core  of  a cast  iron 
column  has  shifted  more  ihait  one-fourth 
the  thickness  of  the  shell,  the  strength 
shall  be  romputed  assuming  the  thlekness  . 
of  metal  all  around  equal  to  'he  thinnest 
part,  and  the  column  shall  be  condemned  I 
if  this  computation  shows  the  strength  to, 
be  less  than  required  by  this  code 
Wherever  blowholes  or  Imperfections  are 
found  In  a cast  Iron  column  which  re-  ^ 
duces  the  area  of  the  cross-section  at 
that  point  more  than  ten  per  cent.,  such  j 
column  shall  be  condemned.  Cas'  Iron  | 
posts  or  eolurnns  not  cast  with  one  open 
side  or  back,  before  being  set  up  in 

i 

tn<h  hole  drilled  In  the  shaft  of  each 
post  or  column,  by  the  manufacturer  or 
contractor  furnishing  the  same,  to  ex- 
hibit the  thickness  of  the  castings;  and 
any  other  similar  sized  hole  or  hole<  i 
which  th’  commisssioner  of  building'  j 
may  require,  shall  be  drilled  in  the  said 
posts  or  columns  by  the  said  manufac- 
turer or  contractor  at  his  own  expense,  i 

Iron  or  steel  shoes  or  plates  shall  be  ! 
used  under  the  bottom  tier  of  columns  to  j 
properly  distribute  the  lond  on  the  foun 
d .it Ion.  Shoes  shall  be  planed  on  top. 

Pontile  Column*. 

Sec.  113.  In  all  building*  hereafter 
erected  or  altered,  where  any  iron  nr  : 
, steel  column  or  columns  are  used  to  sup-  i 


port  a wall  or  part  thereof,  whether  the 
same  be  an  exterior  or  an  interior  wall, 
and  columns  located  below  the  level  of 
the  sidewalk,  which  are  used  to  support 
exterior  walls  or  arches  over  vaults,  the 
said  column  or  columns  shall  be  either 
constructed  double,  that  is,  an  outer  and 
an  inner  column,  the  inner  column  alone 
to  be  of  sufficient  strength  to  sustain 
safely  the  weight  to  be  imposed  thereon, 
and  the  outer  columns  shall  be  one  inch 
shorter  than  the  inner  columns,  or  such 
other  iron  or  steel  column  of  sufficient 
strength  and  protected  with  not  less  than 
two  inches  of  fireproof  material  securely 
applied,  except  that  double  or  protected 
columns  shall  not  be  required  for  walls 
fronting  on  streets  or  courts. 

Party  Wall  Posts. 

Sec.  114.  If  iron  or  steel  posts  are  to 
be  used  as  party  posts  in  front  of  a 
party  wall,  and  intended  for  two  build- 
ings. then  the  said  posts  shall  be  not  less 
in  width ’than  the  thickness  of  the  party 
wall  nor  less  in  depth  than  the  thick- 
ness of  the  wall  to  be  supported  above. 
Iron  or  steel  posts  in  front  of  side,  di- 
vision or  party  walls,  shall  be  filled  up 
solid  with  masonry  and  made  perfectly 
tight  between  the  posts  and  walls.  In- 
termediate posts  may  be  used,  which 
shall  be  sufficiently  strong,  and  the  lin- 
tels thereon  shall  have  sufficient  bearings 
to  carry  the  weight  above  with  safety. 

Plnte*  Between  Joints  of  Open  Hack 
C ol  n in  ns. 


Sec.  115.  Iron  or  steel  posts  or  columns 
with  one  or  more  open  sides  and  backs 
shall  have  solid  iron  plates  on  top  of 
each,  excepting  where  pierced  for  the 
passage  of  pipes. 

Steel  and  Iron  Girder*. 

Sec.  lit:.  Itivets  in  flanges  shall  be  i 
spaced  so  that  the  last  value  of  a rivet  j 
for  either  shear  or  bearing  is  equal  or 
greater  than  the  increment  of  strain  due 
to  the  distance  between  adjoining  rlv-  j 
ets  All  other  rules  given  under  rivet-  j 
ing  shall  be  followed.  The  lengths  of  | 
rivets  between  heads  shall  be  limited  to 
four  times  the  diameter.  The  compres- 
sion flange  of  plate  girders  shall  be  se- 
cured against  buckling,  if  its  length  ex- 
ceeds thirty  times  its  width.  Jf  splices 
are  usoTl,  they  shall  fully  make  good 
the  members  sliced  in  either  tension  or 
compression.  Stiffeners  shall  be  provided 
over  supports  and  under  concentrated 
loajs;  they  shall  be  of  sufficient  strength 
as  a column,  to  carry  the  loads,  and 
shall  be  connected  with  a sufflcier.1  num- 
ber of  rivets  to  transmit  the  stresses 
into  the  web  plate.  Stiffeners  shall  fit. 
so  as  to  support  the  flanges  of  the  gird- 
ers. If  the  unsupported  depth  of  the 
web  plate  exceeds  sixty  times  its  thick- 
ness. Stiffeners  shall  be  used  at  inter- 
vals not  exceeding  one  hundred  and 
twenty  limes  the  thickness  of  Ihe  web. 


may  be  used,  provided  that  in  all  cases 
the  safe  loads  do  not  exceed  those  fixed 
by  section  139  of  this  code. 

Rolled  Steel  and  Wrought  Iron 

Floor  und  Roof  Beams. 

Sec.  120.  All  rolled  steel  and  wrought 
iron  floor  and  roof  beams  used  in  build- 
ings shall  be  of  full  weight,  straight  and 
free  from  injurious  defects.  Holes  for  tie 
rods  shall  be  placed  as  near  the  thrust 
of  the  arch  as  practicable.  The  distance 
between  tie  rods  in  floors  shall  not  exceed 
eight  feet,  and  shall  not  exceed  eight 
times  the  depth  of  floor  beams  twelve 
inches  and  under.  Channels  or  other 
shapes,  where  used  as  skewbaoks,  shall 
have  a sufficient  resisting  moment  to 
take  up  Hie  thrust  of  the  arch.  Bearing 
plates  of  stone  or  metal  shall  be  used 
to  reduce  the  pressure  on  the  wall  to  the 
working  stress.  Beams  resting  on  gir- 
ders shall  be  securely  riveted  or  bolted 
to  the  same;  where  joined  on  a girder, 
i tie-straps  of  one-half  inch  net  sectional 
area  shall  be  used,  with  rivets  or  bolts 
1 to  correspond.  Anchors  shall  be  provided 
at  the  ends  of  all  such  beams  bearing  on 
walls. 

Template*  T.'niler  End*  of  Steel  or 
Iron  Floor  Beam*. 

Sec.  121.  Under  the  ends  of  all  iron  or 
steel  beams  where  they  rest  on  the  walls, 
a stone  or  cast  'ton  template  shall  be 
built  into  the  walls.  Templates  under  ends 
of  steel  or  iron  beams  shall  be  of  such 
dimensions  as  to  bring  no  greater  pres- 
sure upon  the  brickwork  than  that 
allowed  by  set  ion  139  of  this  code.  When 
rolled  iron  or  steel  floor  beams,  not  ex- 
ceeding six  inches  in  depth,  are  placed 
not  more  than  thirty  inches  on  centers, 
no  templates  shall  be  required. 


IIoIIimI  Steel  it  nil  Wrought  Iron 
Ileum*  I *ed  H*  Girder*. 

Sec.  117.  When  rolled  steel  or  wrought 
iron  beams  are  used  in  pairs  to  form  a 
glrifi  r.  they  shall  be  eonnected  together 
by  bolts  and  iron  separators  at  inter- 
vals of  not  more  Ilian  live  feet.  All 
beams  twelve  inches  and  over  In  depth 
shall  have  at  least  two  holla  to  each  sep- 
arator. 

( nut  Iron  l.lntrh. 

Sec.  118.  Cast  Iron  lintels  shall  not  be 
used  for  spans  exceeding  sixteen  feet. 

iron  lint  "Is  or  beams  shall  be  not 
less  than  three-quarters  of  an  Inch  In 
thickness  in  any  of  their  parts. 

Pin  I e*  t ruler  Mini*  of  I. Intel*  nml 
Girder*. 

Sec.  119.  When  the  lintels  or  girders 
are  supported  at  the  ends  by  brick  walls 
or  p|em  they  shall  rest  upon  cut  granite  ( 
or  blues' on*'  blocks  ut  least  ten  Inches  , 
thick,  or  upon  cast  Iron  plates  of  equal  | 
strength  by  the  full  Blze  of  the  bearings. 
In  ease  the  opening  Is  less  ihun  twelve 
feet,  the  stone  block*  may  be  five  Inches! 
In  thickness,  or  east  Iron  plates  of  equal  | 
strength  by  the  full  size  of  the  bearing*  I 


Framing  and  Connecting  Structural 
Work. 

Bee.  122.  All  iron  or  steel  trimmer 
beams,  headers,  and  tail  beams,  shall  be 
suitably  framed  and  connected  together, 
and  the  iron  or  steel  girders,  eolumus, 
beams,  trusses  and  all  other  iron  work  of 
all  floors  and  roofs  shall  be  strapped, 
bolted,  anchored  and  connected  together, 
and  to  the  walls. 

All  beams  framed  into  and  supported 
by  other  beams  or  girders,  shall  be  con- 
nected thereto  by  angles  or  knees  of  a 
proper  size  and  thickness,  and  have  suffi- 
cient bolts  or  rivets  in  both  legs  of  each 
connecting  angle  to  transmit  the  entire 
weight  or  load  coming  on  the  beam  to  the 
supporting  beam  or  girder.  In  no  case- 
shall  the  shearing  value  of  the  bolts  or 
rivets  or  the  bearing  value  of  the  con- 
nection angles,  provided  for  in  section  139 
of  this  code,  be  exceeded. 

nivellng  of  Struoturnl  Steel  i»n«l 
Wroniilit  Iron  Work, 

Sec.  123.  The  distance  from  center  of  a 
rivet  hole  to  the  edge  of  the  material 
shall  not  be  less  than — 

% of  an  inch  for  Vz  inch  rivets, 

Ti  “ % 

Hi  " 

1%  “ Ti 

Hi  " \ 

Wherever  possible,  however,  (he  dis- 
tance shall  be  equal  to  two  diameters. 
All  rivets,  wherever  practicable,  shall  be 
machine  driven.  The  rivets  in  eonne<  - 
1 lions  shall  be  proportioned  und  placed  to 
suit  the  stresses.  The  plteh  of  rivets  shall 
never  be  less  than  three  diameters  of  the 
rivet,  nor  more  limn  six  Inches,  in  the 
direction  of  the  stress  It  shall  not  ex- 
reed  sixteen  times  the  least,  thickness  of 
the  outside  member.  At  right,  angles  to 
the  stress  It  shall  not  exceed  thirty-two 
times  the  least  thickness  of  the  outside 
member.  All  boles  shall  be  punched  u<  - 
curately,  to  that  upon  assembling  a cold 
rivet  will  enter  the  hole  without  strain- 
ing the  material  by  drifting.  Occasional 
slight  errors  shall  be  corrected  by  ream- 
ing The  rivets  shall  fill  the  holes  com- 
pletely; the  heads  shall  be  hemispheric*! 
and  concentric  with  th"  axis  of  the  rivet. 
Cusaets  shall  be  provided  wherever  re- 
quired, of  sufficient  thickness  and  size  to 


44 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


accommodate  the  number  of  rivets  neces- 
sary to  make  a connection. 

Bolting  of  Strnctnral  Steel  and 
Wronglit  Iron  Work. 

Sec.  124.  Where  riveting  is  not  made 
mandatory  connections  may  be  effected  by 
bolts.  These  bolts  shall  be  of  wrought 
Iron  or  mild  steel,  and  they  shall  have 
U.  S.  Standard  threads.  The  threads 
shall  be  full  and  clean,  the  nut  shall  be 
truly  concentric  with  the  bolt,  and  the 
thread  shall  be  of  sufficient  length  to 
allow  the  nut  to  be  screwed  up  tightly. 
When  bolts  go  through  bevel  flanges, 
level  washers  to  match  shall  be  used  so 
that  head  and  nut  of  bolt  are  parallel. 
When  bolts  are  used  for  suspenders,  the 
working  stresses  shall  be  reduced  for 
wrought  iron  to  ten  thousand  pounds  and 
for  steel  to  fourteen  thousand  pounds  per 
Bquare  inch  of  net  area,  and  the  load  shall 
be  transmitted  into  the  head  or  nut.  by 
strong  washers  distributing  the  pressure 
evenly  over  the  entire  surface  of  the 
same.  Turned  bolts  in  reamed  holes  shall 
be  deemed  a substitute  for  field  rivets. 

Steel  and  Wronglit  Iron  Trasses. 

Sec.  125.  Trusses  shall  be  of  such  de- 
sign that  the  stresses  in  each  member 
can  be  calculated.  All  trusses  shall  be 
held  rigidly  in  position  by  efficient  sys- 
tems of  lateral  and  sway  bracing,  struts 
being  spaced  so  that  the  maximum  limit 
of  length  to  least  radius  of  gyration,  es- 
tablished in  section  one  hundred  and 
eleven  of  this  code,  is  not  ex- 
ceeded. Any  member  of  a truss 
subjected  to  transverse  stress,  in  addi- 
tion to  direct  tension  or  compression, 
shall  have  the  stresses  causing  such 
strain  added  to  the  direct  stresses  com- 
ing on  the  member,  and  the  total  stresses 
thus  formed  shall  in  no  case  exceed  the 
working  stresses  stated  in  section  one 
hundred  and  thirty-nine  of  this  code. 

Riveted  Steel  ami  Wrought  Iron 
Trusses. 

Sec.  126.  For  tension  members,  the  ac- 
tual net  area  only,  after  deducting  rivet 
holes,  one-eighth  inch  larger  than  the 
rivets,  shall  be  considered  as  resisting 
the  stress.  If  tension  members  are  made 
of  angle  irons  riveted  through  one  flange 
only,  only  that  flange  shall  be  considered 
In  proportioning  areas.  Rivets  to  be  pro- 
portioned as  prescribed  in  section  one 
hundred  and  twenty-three  of  this 
code.  If  the  axes  of  two  adjoining 
web  members  do  not  intersect  within  the 
line  of  the  chords,  sufficient  area  shall 
be  added  to  the  chord  to  take  up  the 
beading  strains.  No  bolts  shall  be  used 
In  the  connections  of  riveted  trusses,  ex- 
cepting when  riveting  is  impracticable, 
~nd  then  the  holes  shall  be  drilled  or 
reamed. 

Steel  nn«l  Iron  Pin-Connected 
Trusses. 

Sec.  12V.  The  bending  stresses  on  pins 
shall  be  limited  to  twenty  thousand 
pounds  for  steel  and  fifteen  thousand 
pounds  for  iron.  All  compression  mem- 
bers in  pin-connected  trusses  shall  be 
proportioned,  using  seventy-five  per  cent, 
of  the  permissible  working  stress  for  col- 
umns. The  heads  of  all  eye-bars  shall  be 
made  by  upsetting  or  forging.  No  weld 
will  be  allowed  in  the  body  of  the  bar. 
Steel  eye-bars  shall  be  annealed.  Bars 
shall  be  straight  before  boring.  All  pin- 
holes shall  be  bored  true,  and  at  right 
angles  to  the  axis  of  the  members,  and 
must  fit  the  pin  within  one-thirty-sec- 
ond of  an  inch.  The  distances  of  pin- 
holes from  center  to  center  for  corre- 
sponding members  shall  be  alike,  so  that, 
when  piled  upon  one  another,  pins  will 
pass  through  both  ends  without  forcing. 
Eyes  and  screw  ends  shall  be  so  propor- 
tioned that  upon  test  to  destruction,  frac- 
ture will  take  place  in  the  body  of  the 
member.  All  pins  shall  be  accurately 
turned.  Pin-plates  shall  be  provided 
wherever  necessary  to  reduce  the 
stresses  on  pins  to  the  working  stresses 
prescribed  in  section  one  hundred  and 
thirty-nine  of  this  code.  These 
pin-plates  shall  be  connected  to 


the  members  by  rivets  of  sufficient  size 
and  number  to  transmit  the  stresses 
without  exceeding  working  stresses.  All 
rivets  in  members  of  pin-connected 
trusses  shall  be  machine  driven.  All  rivets 
in  pin-plates  which  are  necessary  to 
transmit  stress  shall  be  also  machine- 
driven.  The  main  connections  of  mem- 
bers shall  he  made  by  pins.  Other  con- 
nections may  be  made  by  bolts.  If  there 
is  a combination  of  riveted  and  pin-con- 
nected members  in  one  truss,  these  mem- 
bers shall  comply  with  the  requirements 
for  pin-connected  trusses;  but  the  rivet- 
ing shall  comply  with  the  requirements 
of  section  one  hundred  and  twenty-six  of 
this  code. 

Iron  nnd  Other  Metal  Fronts  to  Be 
Filled  In. 

Sec.  128  All  cast  Iron  or  metal  fronts 
shall  be  backed  up  or  filled  In  with  ma- 
sonry of  the  thicknesses  provided  for  in 
sections  thirty-one  and  thirty-two. 

Painting;  of  Strnctnral  Metal  Work. 

Sec.  129.  All  structural  metal  work 
shall  be  cleaned  of  all  scale,  dirt  and 
rust,  and  be  thoroughly  coated  with  one 
coat  of  paint.  Cast  iron  columns  shall 
not  be  painted  until  after  inspection  by 
the  department  of  buildings.  Where  sur- 
faces in  riveted  work  come  in  contact, 
they  shall  be  painted  before  assembling. 
After  erection  all  work  shall  be  painted 
at  least  one  additional  coat.  All  iron  or 
steel  used  under  water  shall  be  inclosed 
with  concrete. 

PART  XXIII. 

FI.OOR  LOADS— TEMPORARY  SUP- 
PORTS. 

Floor  Loads. 

Sec.  1?>0.  The  dead  loads  in  all  build- 
ings shall  consist  of  the  actual  weight  of 
walls,  floors,  roofs,  partitions  and  all 
permanent  construction. 

The  live  or  variable  loads  shall  con- 
sist of  all  loads  other  than  dead  loads. 

Every  floor  shall  be  of  sufficient 
strength  to  bear  safely  the  weight  to  be 
imposed  thereon  in  addition  to  the  weight 
of  the  materials  of  which  the  floor  is 
composed;  if  to  be  used  as  a dwelling 
house,  apartment  house,  tenement,  house, 
hotel  or  lodging  house,  each  floor  shall 
be  of  sufficient  strength  in  all  Its  parts 
to  bear  safely  upon  every  superficial  foot 
of  its  surface  not  less  than  sixty  pounds; 
if  to  be  used  for  office  purposes  not  less 
than  seventy-five  pounds  upon  every  su- 
perficial foot  above  the  first  floor,  and 
for  the  latter  floor  one  hundred  and  fifty 
pounds;  if  to  be  used  as  a school  or 
place  of  instruction,  not  less  than  sev- 
enty-five pounds  upon  every  superficial 
foot;  if  to  be  used  for  stable  and  car- 
riage house  purposes,  not  less  than  sev- 
enty-five pounds  upon  every  superficial 
foot;  if  to  be  used  as  a place  of  public 
assembly,  not  less  than  ninety  pounds 
upon  every  superficial  foot;  if  to  be  used 
for  ordinary  stores,  light  manufacturing 
and  light  storage,  not  less  than  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty  pounds  upon  every  su- 
perficial foot;  if  to  be  used  as  a store 
where  heavy  materials  are  kept  or  stored, 
warehouse,  factory,  or  for  any  other  man- 
ufacturing or  commercial  purpose,  not 
less  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  pounds 
upon  every  superficial  foot. 

The  strength  of  factory  floors  Intended 
to  carry  running  machinery  shall  be  in- 
creased above  the  minimum  given  In  this 
section  in  proportion  to  the  degree  of 
vibratory  impulse  liable  to  be  trans- 
mitted to  the  floor,  as  may  be  required 
by  tile  commissioner  of  buildings  having 
jurisdiction  The  roofs  of  all  buildings 
having  a pitch  of  less  than  twenty  de- 
grees shall  be  proportioned  to  bear  safely 
fifty  pounds  upon  every  superficial  foot 
of  their  surface,  in  addition  to  the  weight 
of  materials  composing  the  same.  If  the 
pitch  be  more  than  twenty  degrees  the 
live  load  shall  be  assumed  at  thirty 
pounds  upon  every  superficial  foot  meas- 
ured on  a horizontal  plane.  For  side- 
walks between  the  curb  and  area  lines 
the  live  Load  shall  b«  taken  at  three 


hundred  pounds  upon  every  superficial 
foot.  Every  column,  post  or  other  verti- 
cal support  shall  be  of  sufficient  strength 
to  bear  safely  the  weight  of  the  portion 
of  each  and  every  floor  depending  upon 
it  for  support,  in  addition  to  the  weight 
required  as  before  stated  to  be  supported 
safely  upon  said  portion  of  said  floors. 
For  the  purpose  of  determining  the  car- 
rying capacity  of  columns  of  dwellings, 
office  buildings,  stores,  stables  and  publie 
buildings  when  over  five  stories  In  height, 
a reduction  of  the  live  loads  shall  be  per- 
missible as  follows:  For  the  roof  and  top 
floor  the  full  live  loads  shall  be  used; 
for  each  succeeding  lower  floor  It  shall 
be  permissible  to  reduce  the  live  load  by 
five  per  cent,  until  fifty  per  cent,  of  the 
live  loads  fixed  by  this  section  is  reached, 
when  such  reduced  loads  shall  ba  used 
for  all  remaining  floors. 

Load  on  Floors  to  be  Distributed. 

Sec.  131.  The  weight  placed  on  any  of 
the  floors  of  any  building  shall  be  safely 
distributed  thereon.  The  commissioner  of 
buildings  having  jurisdiction  may  require 
the  owner  or  occupant  of  any  building, 
or  of  any  portion  thereof,  to  re-dis- 
tribute the  load  on  any  floor,  or  to 
lighten  such  load,  where  he  deems  it  to 
be  necessary. 

Strength  of  Existing  Floors  to  Be 
Calculated. 

Sec.  132.  In  all  warehouses,  storehouses, 
factories,  workshops,  and  stores  where 
heavy  materials  are  kept  or  stored,  or 
machinery  introduced,  the  weight  that 
each  floor  will  safely  sustain  upon  each 
superficial  foot  thereof,  or  upon  each  va- 
rying part  of  such  floor, shall  be  estimated 
by  the  owner  or  occupant,  or  by  a compe- 
tent person  employed  by  the  owner  or 
occupant.  Such  estimate  shall  be  reduced 
to  writing,  on  printed  forms  furnished 
by  the  department  of  buildings,  stating 
the  material,  size,  distance  apart  and 
span  of  beams  and  girders,  posts  or  col- 
umns to  support  floors,  and  its  correct- 
ness shall  be  sworn  to  by  the  person 
making  the  same,  and  it  shall  thereupon 
be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  department  of 
buildings.  But  if  the  commissioners  of 
buildings  shall  have  cause  to  doubt  the 
correctness  of  said  estimate,  they  are 
empowered  to  revise  and  correct  the 
same,  and  for  the  purpose  of  such  re- 
vision the  officers  and  employes  of  the 
department  of  buildings  may  enter  any 
building  and  remove  so  much  of  any  floor 
or  other  portion  thereof  as  may  be  re- 
quired to  make  necessary  measuremente 
and  examination.  When  the  correct  esti- 
mate of  the  weight  that  the  floors  in  any 
such  buildings  will  safely  sustain  has 
been  ascertained,  as  herein  provided,  the 
department  of  buildings  shall  approve  the 
same,  and  thereupon  the  owner  or  oc- 
cupant of  said  buiidlng,  or  of  any  portion 
thereof,  shall  post  a copy  of  such  ap- 
proved estimate  in  a conspicuous  place 
uo  each  story,  or  varying  parts  of  each 
story,  of  the  building  to  which  it  re- 
lates. Before  any  building  hereafter 
erected  Is  occupied  and  used.  In  whole 
or  in  part,  for  any  of  the  purposes  afore- 
said. and  before  any  building,  erected 
prior  to  the  passage  of  this  code,  but 
not  at  such  time  occupied  for  any  of  the 
aforesaid  purposes,  is  occupied  or  used,  in 
whole  or  in  part,  for  any  of  said  purposes, 
the  weight  that  each  floor  will  safely 
sustain  upon  each  superficial  foot  thereof, 
shall  be  ascertained  and  posted  In  a con- 
spicuous place  on  each  story  or  varying 
parts  of  each  story  of  the  building  to 
which  ft  relates.  No  person  shall  place, 
or  cause  or  permit  to  be  placed  on  any 
floor  of  any  building  any  greater  load 
than  the  safe  load  thereof,  as  correctly 
estimated  and  ascertained  as  herein  pro- 
vided. Any  expense  necessarily  incurred 
in  removing  any  floor  or  other  portion 
of  any  building  for  the  purpose  of  making 
any  examination  herein  provided  for  shall 
be  paid  by  the  comptroller  of  The 
City  of  New  York,  upon  the  requisition 
of  the  board  of  buildings,  out  of  the 
fund  paid  over  to  said  board  under 
the  provisions  of  section  one  hundred 
and  fifty-eight  of  this  code.  Such  ex- 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


45 


peases  shall  be  a charge  against  the  per- 
son  or  persons  by  whom  or  on  whose  be- 
half said  estimate  was  made,  provided 
such  examination  proves  the  floors  of  in- 
sufficient strength  to  carry  with  safety 
the  loads  found  upon  them  when  such  ex- 
amination was  made;  and  shall  be  col- 
lected in  an  action  to  be  brought  by  the 
corporation  counsel  against  said  person 
or  persons,  and  the  sum  so  collected  shall 
be  paid  over  to  the  said  comptroller  to 
be  deposited  in  said  fund  in  reimburse- 
ment of  the  amount  paid  as  aforesaid. 
When  the  architect  of  record  for  any 
building  has  filed  with  his  application  to 
build  the  data  required  to  determine  the 
strength  of  floors,  on  one  of  the  blank 
forms  provided  for  that  purpose,  such 
examination  shall  not  be  required,  pro- 
vided that  the  purposes  and  uses  of  the 
building  have  not  been  changed. 

Strength  or  Temporary  Supports. 

Sec.  133.  Every  temporary  support 
placed  under  any  structure,  wall  girder 
or  beam,  during  the  erection,  finishing, 
alteration,  or  repairing  of  any  building 
or  structure  or  any  part  thereof,  shall 
he  of  sufficient  strength  to  safely  carry 
the  load  to  be  placed  thereon. 


square  inch  shall  not  exceed  that 
in  the  following  tables:  / 


When  the  Length 

r- Working 

Stresses  per  Sq.— \ 

Divided  by  Least 

Inch  of  Section. 

Radius  of  Gvration 

Fast 

Wr'giv 

Equals : 

Iron. 

Steel. 

Iron. 

120 

* 240 

4.400 

110 • 

% 820 

5.200 

100 

0.400 

6.000 

o 0SO 

6.  S00 

so 

30.560 

7.600 



9 *nr> 

11.140 

M0<! 

60 

31.720 

$.200 

50: 

. 3. SO1) 

12.300 

10.000 

40 

10.100 

32.6*0 

10.SO0 

. 10.400 

13.460 

11.600 

20 

. 10.700 

14.040 

12.400 

16 

. 11.000 

14.620 

13,200 

And  in  like  proportion  for  intermediate 

ratios. 

When  the  Length 
Divided  by  the 
Least 
Diameter 
Equals; 

ai 


Working  Stresses  per  Sq.- 
. Inch  of  Section. 

Long  TV f White  Pine. 
Yellow  N’way  Pine, 


Pine. 

Spruce. 

Oak. 

4S> 

050 

r>$o 

550 

425 

475 

t>40 

500 

f»60 

700 

575 

045 

7S4 

620 

636 

820 

c;»o 

730 

Rolled  steel 
Cast  steel  .... 
Wrought  iron 

Cast  iron  

Yellow  pine  . 
White  pine  .. 

Spruce  

Oak  

Hemlock  


Tension  (Direct). 


Shear. 

Steel  weh  plates 

Steel  shop  rivets  and  pins 

Steel  field  rivets 

Steel  field  bolts 

Wrought  iron  web  plates 

Wrought  iron  shop  rivets  and  pins. 

Wrought  iron  field  rivets 

Wrought  iron  field  bolts 

Cast  iron  


Yellow  pine 
White  pine  . 

Spruce  

Oak  

Locust  

Hemlock  ... 
Chestnut  ... 


I*  otto 

16.000 

12.000 

3.000 
1.200 

soo 

*oo 

1.000 

600 

9 no* 

10,000 

s.ono 

7.000 

6.000 

7.500 
6.000 

5.500 

8.000 

Wilh  Across 
fiber,  fiber. 


70 

40 

50 

100 

100 

40 


PART  XXIV. 

CALCl  LATIOXS.  STRENGTH  OF  MA- 
TERIALS. 

Ufe  Load  for  Maionry  Work. 

Sec.  134.  The  safe-bearing  load  to  apply 
to  brickwork  shall  be  taken  at  eight  tons 
per  superficial  foot,  when  lime  mortar 
is  used;  eleven  and  one-half  tons  per  su- 
perficial foot  when  lime  and  cement 
mortar  mixed  is  used;  fifteen  tons  per 
superficial  foot  when  cement  mortar  is 
used.  The  safe-bearing  load  to  apply  to 
rubble-stone  work  shall  be  taken  at  ten 
tons  per  superficial  foot  when  Portland 
cement  is  used;  when  cement  other  than 
Portland  is  used,  eight  tons  per  super- 
ficial foot;  when  lime  and  cement  mortar 
mixed  is  used,  seven  tons  per  superficial 
foot;  and  when  lime  mortar  is  used,  five 
tons  per  superficial  foot.  The  safe- 
bearing  load  to  apply  to  concrete  when 
Portland  cemeDt  is  used  shall  be  taken 
at  fifteen  tons  per  superficial  foot;  and 
when  cement  other  than  Portland  is  used, 
eight  tons  per  superficial  foot. 

Weights  of  Certain  Materials. 

Sec.  135.  In  computing  the  weight  of 
walls,  a cubic  foot  of  brickwork  shall 
be  deemed  to  weigh  one  hundred  and 
fifteen  pounds.  Sandstone,  white  marble, 
granite  and  other  kinds  of  building  stone 
shall  be  deemed  to  weigh  one  hundred 
and  setenty  pounds  per  cubic  foot. 

Com  pn  t a t Ion  ■ for  Strength  of  Ma- 
terial*. 

Sec.  136.  The  dimensions  of  each  piece 
•r  combination  of  materials  required 
shall  be  nsrertalned  by  computation,  ac- 
cording to  the  rules  prescribed  by  this 

code. 

Factors  of  Safety. 

Sec.  137.  Where  the  unit  stress  for  any 
matetial  la  not  prescribed  In  this  code 
the  relation  of  allowable  unit  stress  to 
ultimate  strength  shall  be  as  one  to  four 
for  metals,  subjected  to  tension  or  trans- 
verse stress;  as  one  to  six  for  timber, 
and  as  one  to  ten  for  natural  or  artificial 
stones  and  brick  or  stone  masonry.  Rut 
wherever  working  stresses  are  pro- 
scribed In  this  code,  varying  the  factors 
of  safety  hereinabove  given,  the  said 
working  stresses  shall  he  used. 

Strength  of  Colnnins. 

See.  13*.  In  columns  or  compression 
members  with  flat  ends  of  cast  Iron,  steel, 
wrought  Iron  or  wood,  the  stress  per 


:o 

15 

12 

10 

And  in  like  proportion  for  intermediate 
ratios.  Five-eighths  the  values  given  for 
white  pine  shall  also  apply  to  chestnut 
and  hemlock  posts.  For  locust  posts  use 
one  and  one-half  the  value  given  for 
white  pine. 

Columns  apd  compression  members 
shall  not  he  used  haviDg  an  unsupport- 
ed length  of  greater  ratios  than  given 
in  the  tables.  Any  column  eccentrically 
loaded  shall  have  the  stresses  caused  by 
such  eccentricity  computed,  and  the  com- 
bined stresses  resulting  from  such  eccen- 
tricity at  any  part  of  the  column,  added 
to  all  other  stresses  at  that  part,  shall 
in  no  case  exceed  the  working  stresses 
stated  in  this  code. 

The  eccentric  load  of  a column  shall  be 
considered  to  be  distributed  equally  over 
the  entire  area  of  that  column  at  the 
next  point  below'  at  which  the  column 
is  securely  braced  laterally  in  the  direc- 
tion of  the  eccentricity. 

Working  Stresses. 

Sec.  139.— The  safe  carrying  capacity 
of  the  various  materials  of  construction 
(except  in  the  case  of  columns)  shall  be 
determined  by  the  following  working 
stresses  in  pounds  per  square  inch  of 
sectional  area: 


Safe  Extreme  Fiber  Stress  (Bending) 

Rolled  steel  beams 

Rolled  steel  pins,  rivets  and  bolts.. 
Riveted  steel  beams  (net  flange 

section)  

Rolled  wrought  iron  beams 

Rolled  wrought  Iron  pins,  rivets 

and  bolts  

Riveted  wrought  Iron  beams  (net 

flange  section)  

Cast  iron,  compression  side 

Cast  iron,  tension  side  

Yelow  pine  

White  pine  - 

Spruce  

Oak  ••• 

Locust  

Hemlock  

Chestnut  

Granite  

Greenwich  stone  

Gneiss  (New  York  City)  

Limestone  

Slate  

Marble  

Sandstone  

Bluestone  (North  River)  

Concrete  (Portland)  cement,  1; 

sand.  2;  stone.  4 

Concrete  (Portland)  cement,  1; 

sand.  2;  stone,  5 

Concrete  (Rosendale,  or  equal)  ce- 
ment. 1;  sand,  2;  stone,  4 

Concrete  (Rosendale,  or  equal)  ce- 
ment, 1;  sand.  2;  stone,  5 

Brick  (common)  

Brickwork  (In  cement)  


500 

257 

320 

600 

720 

275 

150 

16,000 

20.000 

14, "00 

12.000 

15.000 

l".noo 

16.000 

3.000 

1,200 

?«o 

600 

1.000 

1.200 

600 
Sf'll 
ISO 
150 
150 
150 
400 
■ 120 
100 
300 


Compression  (Direct). 

With 

grain. 

Across 

grain. 

16.000 

JG.000 

12,000 

Cast  Iron  (In  short  blocks) 

Steel  pins  and  rivets  (bearing).... 
Wrought  iron  pins  and  rivets 

3 6.00 0 

20.000 

15.000 

900 

800 

1,000 

600 

800 

400 

800 

400 

1.200 

1 000 

500 

600 

uUO 

1.000 

Concrete  (Portland)  cement,  1; 

250 

Concrete"  (Portland)  cement.  1; 

20* 

Concrete".’  R->«*ndale,  or  equal, 

cement,  1:  sand.  2;  atone,  4.... 
Concrete.  Roeendale,  or  equal, 

cement,  1;  aand.  2;  atone.  6 

Rubble  atonework  In  Portland 

126 

lit 

1*6 

Rubble  atonework  In  Roaendale 

111 

Rubble  atonework  In  lime  and 

97 

Flubbt*  stonework  In  lime  morter 
Brickwork  In  Portland  cement 

mortar:  cement,  1;  sand,  3 

Brickwork  In  Rosendale  or  equal, 
rement  mortar;  cement,  1;  sand. 

70 

250 

2'-8 

Brickwork  In  lime  and  cement 

inortar;  cement,  1;  lime,  1; 

110 

Brickwork.  In  lime  mortar;  ilme. 

in 

Granite,  (according  to  (aat) 

1,000 

lo  2.400 
1.200 

Oneiaa  (New  Vork  City) 

Limestones  farrordln*  to  t**ti  ... 

Marbles  fscrordlns  to  test) 

Mandstones  faccordln*  to  test)..,. 

Rluestone.  North  Rh«*r  

Rrlck  rHaveratraw,  flatwise) 

B’itt  

1.300 
700  to  r.300 
GOO  to  1.200 
4 0 1"  1.6e*> 
2.000 
300 

l,??d 

Wind  Pressure. 

Sec.  140.  All  structures  exposed  to 
wind  shall  be  designed  to  resist  a hori- 
zontal wind  pressure  of  thirty  pounds  for 
every  square  foot  of  surface  thus  exposed, 
from  the  ground  to  the  top  of  same,  in- 
cluding roof,  in  any  direction.  In  no 
case  shall  the  overturning  moment  due 
to  wind  pressure  exceed  seventy-five  per 
centum  of  the  moment  of  stability  of 
the  structure.  In  all  structures  exposed 
to  wind,  if  the  resisting  moments  of  the 
ordinary  materials  of  construction,  such 
as  masonry,  partitions,  floors  and  con- 
nections are  not  sufficient  to  resist  the 
moment  of  distortion  duo  to  wind  pres- 
sure, taken  in  any  direction  on  any  part 
of  the  structure,  additional  bracing  shall 
be  introduced  sufficient  to  make  up  the 
difference  in  the  moments.  In  caloula- 
tlons  for  wind  bracing,  the  working 
stresses  set  forth  In  this  code  may  be 
Increased  by  fifty  per  centum.  In  build- 
ing-! under  one  hundred  feet  In  height, 
provideil  the  height  does  not  exceed  four 
times  the  average  width  of  the  base,  the 
wind  pressure  may  bo  disregarded. 


PART  XXV. 

l'l, I MHING  AM)  DRAINAGE. 

I1;,  in  bi  nir,  Urolnsge  and  Repair* 
Thereto. 

See.  141.  I.  The  drainage  and  plumbing 
of  all  buildings,  both  public  and  Private, 
sh  ill  be  executed  In  accordance  with  tin* 
rules  and  regulations  of  tho  department 
of  buildings.  Said  rules  and  refuta- 
tion* and  any  change  thereof  shall  be 
published  In  the  “nity  Record  on  eight 
successive  Mondays  before  tho  same  shall 
become  operative.  . 

Re  ini  Ira  or  alterations  of  such  plumbing 
or  drainage  may  be  madp  without  the 

log  and  approval  of  drawing* 

„ , ,t • i 1 rlm« nt  of  buildings. 


46 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


but  such  repairs  or  alterations  shall  not 
be  construed  to  include  cases  where  new 
vertical  or  horizontal  lines  of  soil, 
waste,  vent  or  leader  pipes  are  proposed 
to  be  used. 

Notice  of  such  repairs  or  alterations 
shall  be  given  to  the  said  department 
before  the  same  are  commenced  in  such 
cases  as  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  rules 
and  regulations  of  the  said  department, 
and  the  work  shall  be  done  in  accordance 
with  the  said  rules  and  regulations. 

II.  Once  in  each  year,  every  employing 
or  master  plumber  carrying  on  his  trade, 
business  or  calling  in  The  City  of  New 
York,  shall  register  his  name  and  address 
at  the  office  of  the  department  of  build- 
ings in  said  city  under  such  rules  and 
regulations  as  said  department  shall  pre- 
scribe and  as  hereinafter  provided. 

And  thereupon  he  shall  be  entitled  to 
receive  a certificate  of  such  registration 
from  said  department,  provided,  however, 
that  such  employing  or  master  plumber 
shall,  at  the  time  of  applying  for  such 
registration,  hold  a certificate  of  compe- 
tency from  the  examining  board  of 
plumbers  of  said  city. 

The  time  for  making  such  registration 
shall  be  during  the  month  of  March  in 
each  year.  Where,  however,  a persofi 
obtains  a certificate  of  competency  at  a 
time  other  th^r  in  the  month  of  March 
in  any  year,  he  may  register  within  thirty 
days  after  obtaining  such  certificate  of 
competency,  but  he  must  also  register  in 
the  month  of  March  in  each  year  as  here- 
in provided. 

Such  registration  may  be  canceled  by 
the  department  of  buildings  for  a viola- 
tion of  the  rules  and  regulations  for  the 
plumbing  and  drainage  of  said  depart- 
ment of  buildings,  duly  adopted  and  in 
force  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this 
section  or  whenever  the  person  so  regis- 
tered ceases  to  be  a master  or  employing 
plumber,  after  a hearing  had  before  said 
department,  and  upon  a prior  notice  of 
not.  less  than  ten  days,  stating  the 
grounds  of  complaint  and  served  upon 
the  person  charged  with  the  violation  of 
the  aforesaid  rules  and  regulations. 

III.  After  this  code  takes  effect,  no  per- 
son, corporation  or  copartnership  shall 
engage  in  or  carry  on  the  trade,  busi- 
ness or  calling  of  employing  or  master 
plumber  in  The  City  of  New  York,  unless 
the  name  and  address  of  such  person  and 
the  president,  secretary  or  treasurer  of 
such  corporation  and  each  and  every 
member  of  such  copartnership  shall  have 
been  registered  as  above  provided. 

IV.  No  person  or  persons  shall  expose 
the  sign  of  “Plumber”  or  “Plumbing”  or 
a sign  containing  words  of  similar  im- 
port and  meaning  in  The  City  of  New 
York  unless  each  person  forming  such  a 
copartnership  shall  have  obtained  a 
certificate  of  competency  from  the  exam- 
ining board  of  plumbers,  and  shall  have 
registered  as  herein  provided. 

A master  or  employing  plumber  within 
the  meaning  of  this  code  is  any  person 
who  hires  or  employs  a person  or  persons 
to  do  plumbing  work. 

V.  The  inspectors  of  plumbing  in  the 
department  of  buildings  in  addition  to 
their  other  duties  shall  ascertain  whether 
the  employing  or  master  plumber  hav- 
ing charge  of  the  construction,  repair- 
ing or  alteration  of  any  plumbing  work 
performed  in  The  City  of  New  York  is 
registered  as  herein  provided,  and  if  such 
person  is  not  so  registered  then  such 
inspectors  .shall  forthwith  report  »o  said 
department  the  name  of  said  plumber. 

VI.  The  commissioner  of  buildings  hav- 
ing jurisdiction  may  present  a petition 
to  a justice  of  the  supreme  court  or  to  a 
special  term  thereof  for  an  order  re- 
straining the  person  so  reported  from 
acting  as  an  employing  or  master  plumb- 
er until  he  registers  pursuant  to  the  pro- 
visions of  this  code.  Said  petition  shall 
state  that  the  said  person  is  engaged  in 
plumbing  work  as  an  employing  or  mas- 
ter plumber  without  having  so  regis- 
tered and  shall  be  verified  by  the  in- 
spector making  the  said  report. 

Upon  the  presentation  of  the  petition! 
the  court  shall  grant  an  order  requiring 
•uch  plumber  to  appear  before  a special 


term  of  the  supreme  court  on  a date 
therein  specified,  not  less  than  two  nor 
more  than  six  days  after  the  granting 
thereof,  to  show  cause  why  he  should  not 
be  permanently  enjoined  until  he  has  ob- 
tained a certificate  of  registration  as 
herein  required.  A copy  of  such  petition 
and  order  shall  be  served  upon  such  per- 
son not  less  than  twenty-four  hours  be- 
fore the  return  thereof.  On  the  day 
specified  in  such  order  the  court  before 
whom  the  same  is  returnable  shall  hear 
the  proofs  of  the  parties  and  may,  if 
deemed  necessary,  take  testimony  in  re- 
lation to  the  allegations  of  the  petition. 

If  the  court  is  satisfied  that  such 
plumber  is  practicing  without  having  reg- 
istered as  provided  by  this  code,  an  order 
shall  be  granted  enjoining  him  from  act- 
ing as  an  employing  or  master  plumber, 
until  he  has  so  registered. 

No  undertaking  shall  be  required  as  a 
condition  to  the  granting  or  issuing  of 
such  injunction  order  or  by  reason 
thereof. 

If  after  the  entry  of  such  order  in  a 
county  clerk’s  office  in  Tlie  City  of  New 
York  such  person  shall  in  violation  df 
such  order,  practice  as  an  employing  or 
master  plumber,  he  shall  be  deemed 
gjiilty  of  a criminal  contempt  of  court, 
and  be  punishable  as  for  a criminal  con- 
tempt in  the  manner  provided  by  the  code 
of  civil  procedure. 

In  no  case  shall  the  department  of 
buildings  be  liable  for  costs  in  any  such 
proceeding,  but  costs  may  be  allowed 
against  the  defendant  or  defendants  in 
the  discretion  of  the  court. 


PART  XXVI. 

BLILDINGS  RAISED,  LOWERED,  AL- 
TERED OR  MOVED. 

Sec.  142.  Within  the  fire  limits  it  shall 
not  be  lawful  for  the  owner  or  owners 
of  any  brick  dwelling-house  with  eight- 
inch  walls,  or  of  any  wood  building  al- 
ready erected  that  has  a peaked  roof,  to 
raise  the  same  for  the  purpose  of  making 
a flat  roof  thereon,  unless  the  same  be 
raised  with  the  same  kind  of  material  as 
the  building,  and  unless  such  new  roof 
be  covered  with  fireproof  material,  and 
provided  that  such  building,,  when  so 
raised,  shall  not  exceed  forty  feet  in 
height  to  the  highest  part  thereof.  All 
such  buildings  must  exceed  twenty-five 
feet  in  height  to  the  peak  of  the  main 
roof  before  the  said  alteration  and  rais- 
ing. In  increasing  the  height  of  aDy  such 
building  the  entire  area  which  such 
building  covers  may  be  raised  to  a uni- 
form height.  If  any  such  building  has 
an  extension  of  less  width  than  the  main 
building  the  same  may  be  increased  in 
width  to  the  full  width  of  the  main  build- 
ing. with  the  same  kind  of  material  and 
to  the  same  height  as  the  main  build- 
ing. Any  such  building  may  be  extended 
either  on  the  front  or  rear  to  a depth 
of  not  more  than  fifteen  feet  and  not  ] 
more  than  the  width  of  the  building,  and 
not  more  than  two  stories  aud  basement 
in  height,  with  the  same  kind  of  rn  terial 
as  the  building.  Any  frame  building  sit- 
uated in  a row  of  frame  buildings  may  be 
increased  in  height  to  conform  to  the 
height  of  adjoining  buildings.  If  any 
block  situated  within  the  fire  limits  has 
ninety  per  cent,  of  the  buildings,  located 
thereon,  constructed  of  frame,  any  vacant 
lot  situated  therein  may  have  a frame 
building  placed  thereon,  provided  the 
same  be  not  more  than  two  stories  and 
basement  in  height  and  is  to  be  used  for 
residence  purposes  only.  If  any  building 
shall  have  been  built  before  the  street 
upon  which  it  is  located  is  graded,  or  if 
the  grade  is  altered,  such  building  may 
be  raised  or  lowered  to  meet  the  require- 
ments of  such  grade.  The  restrictions 
contained  in  this  section  shall  not  pro- 
hibit one  story  and  basement  frame 
dwelling  houses  from  being  increased  one 
additional  story  In  height.  Within  the 
fire  1'lllils  no  f :•  ■ • ImUd'nr  -pore  iho'11 


two  stories  In  height,  now  used  as  a 
dwelling,  shall  hereafter  be  raised  or  al- 
tered to  be  used  as  a factory,  warehouse 
or  stable. 

No  wood  building  within  or  without  the 
fire  limits  shall  be  moved  from  one  lot  to 
another  until  a statement  setting  forth 
the  purposes  of  said  removal  and  thl 
uses  to  which  said  building  is  to  be  ap* 
plied  is  filed  in  the  department  of  build- 
ings, and  a permit  be  first  obtained 
therefor.  No  wood  building  shall  be 
moved  from  without  to  within  the  fire 
limits. 

Within  the  fire  limits  no  brick  building 
shall  be  enlarged  or  built  upon  unless  the 
exterior  walls  of  said  addition  or  en- 
largement be  constructed  of  incombusti- 
ble materials;  provided,  however,  that 
such  brick  building  may  be  raised,  low- 
ered or  altered  under  the  same  circum- 
stances, and  in  the  manner  provided  for 
in  this  section. 


PART  XXVII. 

FIRE  LIMITS. 

Fire  Limits.  No  frame  or  stooiI 
structure  shall  l>e  built  hereafter 
in  the  City  of  New  York  within 
the  following'  limits: 

Sec.  143.  In  the  Borough  of  Manhattan: 
Within  the  following  described  lines: 

Beginning  at  a point  on  the  North  River 
at  the  Battery  and  running  them  e north- 
erly along  the  pier  headline  to  a point 
one  hundred  feet  north  of  the  northerly 
side  of  One  Hundred  and  Sixty-fifth 
street,  and  running  thence  easterly  one 
hundred  feet  north  of  the  northerly  side 
of  One  Hundred  and  Sixty-fifth  street  to 
a point  one  hundred  feet  west  of  the 
westerly  side  of  Broadway;  thence  north- 
erly on  a line  drawn  always  one  hundred 
feet  west  of  the  westerly  side  of  Broad- 
way to  the  bulkhead  line  of  the  Harlem 
River;  thence  southerly  along  the  bulk- 
head line  of  the  Harlem  River  to  the 
Bronx  Kills;  thence  easterly  along  the 
bulkhead  line  of  the  Bronx  Kills  to  Ihs 
East  River;  then  e southerly  along  the 
East  River,  passing  to  the  east  of  Black- 
well’s Island;  and  thence  continuing  by 
the  pierhead  line  of  the  East  River  to  the 
place  of  beginning. 

Adopted  by  the  board  of  aldermen,  De- 
cember 12,  1899. 

Adopted  by  the  council,  December  19, 

It  99. 

Approved  by  the  mayor,  December  23- 

1899. 

In  the  Borough  of  The  Bronx:  Within 
the  following  described  lines: 

Beginning  at  a point  on  the  eastern 
bulkhead  line  of  the  Harlem  River  one 
Hundred  feet  south  of  East  One  Hundred 
and  Sixty-first  street,  running  thence 
easterly  and  parallel  with  East  One  Hun- 
dred and  Sixty-first  street  to  the  east 
side  of  Sheridan  avenue  and  one  hun- 
dred feet  therefrom;  thence  north  on  the 
east  side  of  Sheridan  avenue  to  a point 
one  hundred  feet  north  of  the  north  line 
of  East  One  Hundred  and  Sixty-firs: 
street;  thar.-e  easterly  and  parallel  to 
East  One  Hundred  and  Sixty-first  street 
and  one  hundred  feet  therefrom  to  a 
point  one  hundred  feet  west  of  Bark  r.ve- 
nue;  thence  northeasterly  and  parallel 
to  Parle  a ''011110  and  one  hundred  feet 
therefrom  to  a point  distant  one  Hundred 
feet  west  of  Webster  avenue;  tberco 
northerly  aid  parallel  to  Webster  ave- 
nue and  one  hundred  feet  therefrom  to  a 
point  one  hundred  feet  northerly  at  East 
One  Hundred  and  Seventy-seventh  street; 
thence  easterly  and  parallel  to  East  One 
Hundred  and  Seventy-seventh  street  and 
one  hundred  feet  therefrom  to  Third  ave- 
nue; thence  southerly  along  the  westerly 
boundary  line  of  Crotona  Park,  and 
thence  easterly  along  the  southerly 
boundary  line  of  Crotona  Tark  to  a point 
distant  one  hundred  feel  east  of  Prospect 
avenue;  thence  along  Prospect  avenue 
and  one  hundred  feet  east  therefrom  t > 
Westchester  avenue:  thence  along  West- 
chester avenue  and  on  • hundred  feet  east 
therefrom  to  a r’" 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


47 


east  of  the  easterly  line  of  Robbins  ave-  I 
nue;  thence  southerly  and  parallel  to  t 
Robbins  avenue  one  hundred  feet  east  s 
therefrom  to  the  Port  Morris  Branch  ( 
Railroad;  thence  southeasterly  along  the  i 
Port  Morris  Branch  Railroad  to  the  East  . 
Rtrer;  thence  southwesterly  along  the  ' 
East  Rlrer,  northwesterly  along  the  1 
Bronx  Kills  and  northerly  along  the  Har- 
tem  River  to  the  point  of  beginning. 

la  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn:  Within 
the  following  described  lines: 

Beginning  at  a point  formed  by  the 
Intersection  of  Sixtieth  street  and  New 
York  bay:  thence  running  easterly  on  a 
line  drawn  one  hundred  feel  south 
of  and  parallel  with  the  southerly  side 
of  Sixtieth  street  to  Sixth  avenue; 
thence  running  northerly  on  a line 
drawn  one  hundred  feet  east  of  and 
parallel  with  the  easterly  side  of  Sixth 
avenue  to  Thirty-sixth  street:  thence 
running  westerly  through  the  center  line 
of  Thirty-sixth  street  to  Fifth  avenue; 
thence  running  northerly  through  the 
center  line  of  Fifth  avenue  to  Twenty- 
fourth  street:  thence  running  easterly 
through  the  center  line  of  Twenty- 
fourth  6treet  to  Sixth  avenue:  thonce 
running  northerly  through  the  center  line 
of  Sixth  avenue  to  Twenty-third  s'reet; 
thence  running  easterly  through  the 
center  line  of  Twenty-third  street  to  Sev- 
enth avenue:  thence  running  northerly 
through  the  center  line  of  Seventh  avenue 
to  Twentieth  street:  thence  running  east- 
erly through  the  center  line  of  Twentieth 
s-reet  to  Ninth  avenue,  or  Prospect  Parle 
West;  thence  running  northerly  through 
the  center  line  of  Ninth  avenue,  or 
Prospect  Park  West  to  Prospect  avenue; 
thence  running  easterly  through  the  cen- 
ter line  of  Prospect  avenue  to  Eleventh 
avenue:  thence  running  northerly  through 
the  center  line  of  Eleventh  avenue  to 
Fifteenth  street:  thence  running  westerly 
through  the  center  line  of  Fifteenth 
street  to  Ninth  avenue,  or  prospect  Park 
West:  thence  northerly  through  the  cen- 
ter line  of  Ninth  avenue,  or  Prospect 
Park  West  to  Flatbush  avenue:  thence 
southerly  along  the  center  line  of  Flat- 
bush  avenue  to  Ocean  avenue:  thence 
•Outherly  on  a line  drawn  one  hundred 
feet  west  of  and  parallel  with  the  west 
side  of  Flatbush  avenue  to  Avenue  E; 
thence  easterly  through  th9  center  line  of 
Avenue  E to  Flatbush  avenue;  thence 
northwesterly  on  a line  drawn  one  hun- 
dred feet  east  of  and  parallel  with  the 
easterly  aide  of  Flatbush  avenue  to 
Franklin  avenue:  thence  northerly  on  a 
line  drawn  one  hundred  feet  east  of  and 
parallel  with  the  easterly  side  of  Frank- 
l.n  avenue  to  Crown  street:  thence 
easterly  on  a line  drawn  one  hundred  feet 
south  of  and  parallel  with  the  southerly  | 
s,de  of  Crown  itreei  to  East  New  York 
avenue;  thence  easterly  on  a line  drawn 
on#  hundred  feet  south  of  and  parallel 
with  the  southerly  elde  of  East  New  York 
avenue  to  Gillen  place:  thence  northerly 
on  a line  drawn  one  hundred  feet  east  of 
and  parallel  with  the  easterly  side  of 
Gillen  place  to  Broadway;  thence  north- 
erly on  a line  drawn  one  hundred  feet 
east  of  and  parallel  with  the  "dSt  a de  of 
Broadway  to  Pilling  atree":  thence  east- 
erly through  the  center  line  of  Pilling 
street  to  Centra!  avenue;  thence  north- 
westerly on  a line  drawn  one  hundred 
feed  eaet  of  and  parallel  with  the  easterly 
aide  of  Central  avenue  to  Flushing  ave- 
nue; thence  westerly  from  a line  drawn 
one  hundred  fee*  north  of  and  parallel 
with  the  northerly  side  of  Flushing  ave- 
nue to  Busbwlck  avenue:  thence  nor‘h- 
erly  on  a line  drawn  one  hundred  feet 
east  of  and  parallel  with  the  easterly 
•ids  of  Buahwlclc  avenue  to  Metro- 
politan avenue;  thence  westerly  on  a 
line  drawn  one  hundred  feet  north  of 
and  parallel  with  the  northerly  side  of 
Metropolitan  avenue  to  Graham  avenue: 
thence  northerly  on  a line  drawn  one 
hundred  feet  east  of  and  parallel  w.'h 
ib#  easterly  aide  of  Graham  avenue  to 
--  r.mad  avenue;  then  * westerly  on  ft 
line  drawn  one  hundred  : 
parallel  wirh  the  northerly  a 8k 

maa  avenue  to  Union  avenue;  thence 
northerly  oa  a lias  drawn  one  hundred 


feet  east  of  and  parallel  with  the  east- 
erly  side  of  Union  avenue  to  North  Ninth 
street;  thence  northwesterly  on  a line 
drawn  one  hundred  feet  northeast  of  ana 
parallel  with  the  northeasterly  side  o. 
North  Ninth  street  to  Bedford  avenue; 
thence  easterly  on  a line  drawn  one 
hundred  feet  south  of  and  parallel  with 
the  southerlv  side  of  Bedford  avenue  to 
North  Eleventh  street:  thence  northwest- 
erly on  a line  drawn  one  hundred  feet 
northeast  of  and  parallel  with  the  north- 
easterly side  of  North  Eleventh  street  -o 
the  East  river;  thence  to  Yan  Brun. 
street;  thence  northeasterly  on  ft  line 
drawn  one  hundred  feet  east  of  and  pa.* 
allel  with  the  easterly  side  of  Van  Brunt 
street  to  King  street;  thence  south- 
easterly on  a line  drawn  one  hundred 
feet  south  of  and  parallel  with  the  south- 
erly side  of  King  street  to  Columbia 
street;  thence  northeasterly  on  a line 
drawn  one  hundred  feet  east  of  and  par- 
allel with  the  easterly  side  of  Columbia 
street  to  Luquer  street;  thence  easterly 
on  a line  drawn  one  hundred  feet  south 
of  and  parallel  with  the  southerly  elde 
of  Luquer  street  to  Hamilton  avenue: 
Thence  southerly  on  a line  drawn  one  hun- 
dred feet  west  of  and  parallel  with  the 
west  side  of  Hamilton  avenue  to  Court 
street;  thence  southwesterly  on  a line 
drawn  one  hundred  feet  east  of  and  par- 
allel with  the  easterly  side  of  Court 
street  to  Gowanus  bay  and  New  York  bay 
to  the  point  or  place  of  beginning. 

Also  beginning  at  a point  formed  by  the 
Intersection  of  “East  River  and  Noble 
street;  thence  running  easterly  on  a line 
drawn  one  hundred  feet  south  of  and  par- 
allel with  the  southerly  side  of  Noble 
s‘.r°et  to  Lorimer  street;  thence  south- 
erly on  a line  drawn  one  hundred  feet 
west  of  and  parallel  with  the  westerly 
side  of  Lorlmer  street  to  Nassau  avenue: 

I thence  easterly  on  a line  drawn  one  hun- 
dred feet  south  of  and  parallel  with  the 
southerlv  side  of  Nassau  avenue  to  Oak- 
land street:  thence  northerly  on  a line 
drawn  one  hunrded  feet  east  of  and  par- 
allel with  the  easterly  side  of  Oakland 
street  to  Newtown  creek,  to  the  East 
river,  to  the  point  or  place  of  beginning. 

Ir.  that  part  of  the  Twenty-ninth  Ward 
bounded  by  Coney  Island  avenue  on  the 
west,  by  New  York  avenue  on  the  east 
’ and  by  the  tines  of  said  ward  on  the 
I north  and  south,  no  row  of  two  or  more 
' attached  frame  stores,  dwellings  or  build- 
, ings  shall  be  permitted  to  be  erected: 

> and  no  frame  bouse  or  building  shall  be 
t erected  on  any  lot  or  building, plot  cover- 
\ lng  more  than  eighty  per  cent.  In  width  of 
any  such  lot  or  building  plot, 
s Resolved.  That  the  department  of 
: buildings  be  and  It  hereby  is  requested 

• to  extend  the  fire  Emits  in  the  Eighth 
: ' Ward,  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  to  Include 
i the  territory  between  the  south  side  of 
1 Forty-fifth  street  and  the  north  side  of 
t Sixtieth  street  and  the  easterly  side  of 
' Sixth  avenue  and  the  westerly  side  of 
f Seventh  aventsst. 

‘ Adopted  by  the  Council,  December  4, 

; 1900. 

Adopted  by  the  Board  of  Aldermen.  De- 
" cember  11,  i 303. 

" [ Received  by  the  Municipal  Assembly 
from  hts  Honor  the  Mayor,  December  20, 
1 I 1900,  without  his  approval  or  dlsappro- 
r I vai  thereof:  therefore,  as  provided  In 
. section  forty  of  the  Greater  New  York 
t Charter,  the  same  took  effect  as  If  he 
I had  approved  It. 

- i ao  ordinance  relative  to  frame  bulld- 

- Ings  In  the  Thirtieth  Ward,  Borough  of 
t Brooklyn. 

? 1 Be  it  ordained  by  the  Municipal  Alien* 

• i bly  of  The  City  of  New  York,  as  follows: 

• i Section  1.  That  lection  143  of  the  build- 
, mg  code  be  and  the  same  Is  hereby 
; | amended  by  adding  In  the  section  allotted 
„ I to  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn  the  follow* 
h ! 

o Any  frame  building  erected  hereafter 
..  d iry  1 Deluded  within  he  foi- 

•1  lowing  boundary — all  in  lh«*  Thirtieth 

- Ward  of  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn— name- 
sly  Beginning  at.  the  Shore  road  and  Bay 
d 1 U.'Jgo  avenue  along  Bay  Kidge  avenue, 


Including  both  sides  of  said  avenue,  to 
Fourteenth  avenue;  along  Fourteenth 
avenue.  Including  both  sides,  to  Eighty- 
sixth  street:  along  Eighty-sixth  street, 
including  both  sides,  to  Third  avenue; 
along  Third  avenue,  including  both  sides, 
to  Ninety-second  street;  along  Ninety- 
second  street.  Including  both  sides,  to 
Shore  road;  along  the  said  Shore  road  to 
the  point  of  beginning— shall  not  occupy 
more  than  eighty  (80)  per  cent,  in  widtk 
of  the  lot  on  which  said  building  le 
erected. 

Adopted  by  the  Board  of  Aldermen  De- 
cember 18,  1900. 

Adopted  by  the  Council  December  18, 
1900. 

Received  from  his  honor,  the  Mayor. 
January  8,  1901.  without  his  approval  or 
disapproval  thereof;  therefore,  as  pro- 
vided in  section  40  of  the  Greater  New 
York  charter,  the  same  took  effect  as  If 
he  had  approved  it. 

AN  ORDINANCE  relative  to  frame  build- 
ings In  the  Thirtieth  Ward.  Borough  of 
Brooklyn. 

Be  It  Ordained  by  the  Board  of  Aider- 
men  In  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  City  of 
New  York,  as  follows: 

Section  1.  That  section  143  of  the 
building  code  be  and  the  same  Is  hereby 
amended  by  adding  in  the  section  al- 
lotted to  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  the 
following: 

Any  frame  building  erected  hereafter 

In  the  territory  included  within  the  fol- 
lowing boundary,  all  In  the  Thirtieth 

Ward  of  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  name- 
ly: 

Beginning  at  a point  on  New  York  Bay, 
one  hundred  feet  south  of  the  Intersec- 
tion of  the  southerly  side  of  Sixtieth 

street  and  New  York  Bay;  running 

thence  easterly  on  a line  one  hundred 
feet  south  of  the  southerly  side  of  Six- 
tieth street  and  parallel  with  Sixtieth 
street  to  a point  one  hundred  feet  east 
of  the  easterly  side  of  Seventh  avenue; 
thence  northerly  and  parallel  with  Sev- 
enth avenue  one  hundred  feet  to  the 
southerly  side  of  Sixtieth  street;  thence 
easterly  along  the  southerly  side  of  Six- 
tieth street  to  a point  one  hundred  feet 
east  gf  the  easterly  side  of  Fourteenth 
avenue;  thence  southerly  on  a line  one 
hundred  feet  east  of  the  easterly  side  of 
Fourteenth  avenue  and  parallel  with 
Fourteenth  avenue  to  Gravesend  Bay; 
thence  following  the  shore  line  to  the 
point  or  place  of  beginning,  shall  not 
occupy  more  than  80  per  cent.,  in  width 
of  the  lot  on  which  said  building  Is 
erected. 

Which  was  referred  to  the  Committee 
on  Buildings. 

Tn  the  Borough  of  Queens:  Within  the 
following  described  liDes: 

Bounded  on  the  south  by  Newtown 
creek;  on  the  north  by  the  southerly  line 
of  Nott  avenue;  on  the  west  by  the  East 
river,  and  on  the  east  by  the  westerly 
line  of  Van  Alst  avenue. 

An  ordinance  to  amend  Section  143, 
Part  XXV11  of  the  "Building  Code,"  re- 
lating to  fire  limits. 

Be  It  ordained  by  the  Board  of  Aider- 
men  of  the  City  of  New  York  as  follows: 

Section  1.  Section  143.  Part  XXVIT.  of 
the  Building  Code,  relating  to  fir*  limits, 
so  far  as  the  same  applies  to  the  First 
Ward.  Borough  of  Queens.  Is  hereby 
amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

On  the  north  by  a line  one  hundred 
(100)  feet  north  of  the  northerly  side  of 
Nott  avenue  to  a point  one  hundred  (100) 
feet  southeast  of  the  southeasterly  side 
of  Jackson  avenue:  thence  southweeterl v 
along  Jackson  avenue  one  hundred  <1001 
fee:  from  the  aoutheastcrly  side  thereof 
to  ft  po.nl  ninety  (901  feet  east  of  the 
easterly  side  of  Van  Alst  avenue;  then 'ft 
southerly  ninety  (90)  ''■"t  east,  of  the 
easterly  side  of  Van  Alst  avenue  to  New- 
town Creek,  th*  southerly  «nd  westerly 
I boundaries  to  remain  as  now  establish*'!' 


4* 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK, 


PART  XXVIII. 

FRAME  BUILDINGS. 

Frame  Structures  Within  the  Fire 
Limits. 

Bee.  3 44.  The  provisions,  in  this  section 
contained,  shall  apply  to  buildings  and 
structures,  whether  temporary  or  per- 
manent, within  the  fire  limits,  as  the 
said  fire  limits  now  are  or  may  hereafter 
be  established. 

Temporary  one-story  frame  buildings 
may  be  erected  for  the  uses  of  builders, 
within  the  limits  of  lots  whereon  build- 
ings are  in  course  of  erection,  or  on  ad- 
joining vacant  lots,  upon  permits  issued 
by  the  commissioner  of  buildings  having 
jurisdiction. 

Temporary  structures  shall  be  taken  to 
mean  and  include  platforms,  stands,  elec- 
tion booths,  temporary  buildings  and  cir- 
cus tents. 

Sheds  of  wood  not  over  fifteen  feet  high, 
open  on  at  least  one  side,  with  the  sides 
and  roof  thereof  covered  with  fireproof 
material,  may  also  be  built,  but  a fence 
shall  not  be  used  as  the  back  or  side 
thereof.  Such  sheds  shall  not  cover  an 
area  exceeding  two  thousand  five  hundred 
square  feet,  except  by  permission  of  the 
board  of  buildings. 

Fences,  signs  or  bill-boards  shall  not 
bit;  at  any  point,  over  ten  feet  above  the 
adjoining  ground;  except  that  when  any 
fence,  sign  or  bill-board  shall  be  con- 
structed entirely  of  metal  or  of  wood 
covered  on  all  sides  with  sheet  metal, 
including  the  uprights,  supports  and 
braces  for  same,  it  shall  not  be  at  any 
point,  over  eighteen  feet  six  inches  above 
the  adjoining  ground. 

Any  letter,  word,  model,  sign,  device  or 
representation  in  the  nature  of  an  adver- 
tisement. announcement  or  direction,  sup- 
ported or  attached,  ■wholly  or  in  part, 
over  or  above  any  wrall,  building  or  struc- 
ture, shall  be  deemed  to  be  a “sky  sign.” 

Sky  signs  shall  be  constructed  entirely 
of  metal,  including  the  uprights,  supports 
and  braces  for  same,  and  shall  not  be 
at  any  point  over  nine  feet  above  the 
front  wall  or  cornice  or  the  building  or 
structure  to  which  they  are  attached  or 
by  which  they  are  supported. 

All  fences,  signs,  bill-boards  and  sky 
signs  shall  be  erected  entirely  within 
the  building  line,  and  De  properly  se- 
cured, supported  and  braced,  and  shall  be 
so  constructed  as  not  to  be  or  become 
dangerous. 

Before  the  erection  of  any  fence,  sign, 
bill-board  or  sky  sign  shall  have  been 
commenced,  a permit  for  the  erection 
of  the  same  shall  be  obtained  from  the 
superintendent  of  buildings  having  juris- 
diction, as  provided  in  part  ii,  section  4, 
of  this  code.  Each  application  for  the 
erection  of  any  fence,  sign,  bill-board  or 
sky  s.'gn,  shall  be  accompanied  by  a writ- 
ten consent  of  the  owner  or  owners,  or 
the  lessee  or  lessees  of  the  property  upon 
which  it  is  to  be  erected. 

Piazzas  or  balconies  of  wood  on  build- 
ings other  than  frame  building#  which 
do  not  exceed  eight  feet  in  width,  and 
which  do  not  extend  more  than  three 
feet  above  the  second  story  floor  beams, 
may  be  erected,  provided  a permit  from 
the  commissioner  of  buildings,  having 
jurisdiction,  be  granted  therefor.  In  con- 
nected bouses  such  piazzas  or  balconies 
may  be  built,  provided  the  same  are  open 
on  the  front  and  have  brick  ends  not 
less  than  eight  inches  thick,  carried  up 
above  the  roof  of  such  piazza  or  balcony, 
and  coped  with  stone.  Tho  roofs  of  all 
piazzas  shall  be  covered  with  some  fire- 
proof material.  Frame  buildings  already 
erected  may  have  placed  on  any  story 
piazzas,  balconies  or  bay-windows  of 
wood,  the  roofs  of  which  may  be  covered 
with  the  same  material  as  the  roof  of  the 
KU'\a  building. 

Exterior  privies,  and  wood  or  coal- 
houses,  not  exceeding  one  hundred  and 
fifty  square  feet  in  superficial  area  and 
eight  feet  high,  may  be  built  of  wood,  but 
the  roofs  thereof  must  be  covered  with 
metal,  gravel  or  slate. 


Frame  Buildings  Damaged. 

Sec.  145.  Every  wood  or  frame  building 
with  a brick  or  other  front  within  the 
fire  limits,  which  may  hereafter  be  dam- 
aged to  an  amount  not  greater  than  one- 
half  of  the  value  thereof  exclusive  of  the 
valuation  of  the  foundation  thereof,  at 
the  time  of  such  damage,  may  be  re- 
paired or  rebuilt;  but  if  such  damage 
shall  amount  to  more  than  one-half  of 
such  value  thereof,  exclusive  of  the  value 
of  the  foundation,  then  such  building 
shall  not  be  repaired  or  rebuilt,  but  shall 
be  taken  down,  except  as  provided  in  this 
oodp.  Tn  case  the  owner  of  the  dam- 
aged building  shall  be  dissatisfied  with  the 
decision  of  the  commissioner  of  buildings 
having  jurisidetion  that  such  building  is 
damaged  to  a greater  extent  than  one- 
half  of  its  value,  exclusive  of  the  value 
of  the  foundation,  then  the  amount  and 
extent  of  such  damage  shall  he  determ- 
ined upon  an  examination  of  the  building 
by  one  surveyor  who  shall  be  appointed 
by  the  commissioner  of  buildings  having 
jurisdiction,  and  one  surveyor  who  shall 
be  appointed  by  the  owner  or  owners  of 
said  nremlses.  Tn  case  these  two  survey- 
ors do  not  agree,  they  shall  appoint  a 
third  surveyor  to  take  nart  in  such  ex- 
amination, and  a decision  of  a majority 
of  them  reduced  to  writing  and  sworn  to, 
shall  be  conclusive,  and  such  building 
shall  in  no  manner  b°  repaired  or  re- 
built until  after  such  decision  shall  have 
been  rendered. 


Frame  Buildings,  Outside  of  Fire 
Limits. 

Sec.  146.  The  provisions  of  this  section 
shall  apply  to  frame  or  other  buildings 
hereafter  erected  outside  of  the  fire  lim- 
its, as  the  same  are  now  or  may  here- 
after be  established,  in  portions  of  The 
City  of  New  York  where  streets  are  now 
and  where  they  may  hereafter  be  legally 
established.  Three-storv  frame  buildings 
may  be  erected  to  a height  of  forty  feet, 
said  height  being  taken  from  the  curb- 
line, -where  same  exists,  at  the  center  of 
front  or  side  of  building  on  which  main 
entrance  to  upper  floors  is  located.  Where 
the  walls  of  a building  do  not  adjoin  the 
street  or.  building  line,  then  the  average 
level  of  the  ground  on  which  the  build- 
ing stands  may  be  taken  in  place  of  the 
curb-line.  The  measurement,  for  height 
shall  be  to  the  highest  point  of  roof-beams 
in  case  of  flat-roof  buildings,  and  to  the 
average  height  of  gable  or  roof  in  case  of 
pitched  roofs.  Towers,  turrets  and  min- 
arets of  wood  may  be  erected  to  a height 
not  to  exceed  fifteen  feet  greater  than  the 
foregoing  limited  height,  except  that  the 
spires  of  churches  may  be  erected  of 
wood  to  a height  not  exceeding  ninety 
feet  from  the  ground.  All  footings  or 
bottom  stones  shall  be  at  least  six  inches 
wider  on  each  side  than  bottom  width  of 
foundation  walls  above,  except  where  the 
outside  of  the  foundation  wall  sets  on  the 
property  line.  In  which  case  six  inches 
wider  on  the  Inside  shall  be  sufficient. 
The  thickness  of  footings  shall  be  not  less 
than  eight  inches,  if  of  r.tone,  and  not 
less  than  twelve  inches  if  of  concrete. 

Foundations  for  frame  structures  shall 
be  laid  not  less  than  four  feet  below  the 
finished  surface  of  the  earth  or  upon  the 
surface  where  there  is  rock  bottom,  or 
upon  piles  or  ranging  timbers  where 
found  necessary.  The  foundation  walls 
of  frame  structures  exceeding  fifteen  feet 
in  height,  if  of  stone,  shall  be  not  less 
than  eighteen  inches  thick,  and  if  of 
brick,  not  less  than  twelve  inches  to  the 
grade  and  eight  inches  thick  to  the  under 
side  of  the  sill.  If  the  foundation  and 
first  story  walls  are  constructed  of  brick 
the  foundation  walls  shall  be  not  less 
than  twelve  inches  thick  to  the  first  tier 
of  beams  and  eight  Inches  thick  from  first 
tier  to  second  tier  of  beams;  or  if  these 
walls  are  constructed  of  stone  they  shall 
be  not  less  than  twenty  Inches  for  the 
foundation  wall  and  eighteen  Inches  for 
the  first  story  wall;  Rnd  If  the  walls  are 
faced  with  stone  ashlar  the  total  thick- 
ness shall  be  four  inches  greater  than  in 


this  section  specified.  In  the  foundation 
walls  there  may  be  recesses  not  more 
than  eight  feet  long  for  stairs,  with  brick 
walls  not  less  than  eight  inches  thick. 
All  chimneys  in  frame  buildings  shall  be 
built  of  bric-k  or  stone  or  other  fireproof 
material.  If  of  brick  the  flues  shall  have 
walls  at  least  eight  inches  thick,  except 
where  flues  are  lined  with  burnt-clay 
pipe,  in  which  case  the  walls  around  flues 
may  be  four  inches  thick.  All  flue  linings 
shall  extend  at  least  one  foot  above  the 
roof  boards.  Where  chimneys  are  built  of 
stone  the  walls  of  the  flues  shall  be  not 
less  than  eight  inches  on  all  sides,  and 
shall  be  lined  with  burnt-clay  pipe.  All 
chimneys  shall  be  topped  out  at  least 
four  feet  above  the  highest  point  of  con- 
tact with  the  roof,  and  be  properly 
capped.  Chimneys  in  party  walls  or  serv- 
ing two  rooms  on  the  same  floor  may  be 
built  in  the  walls  or  partitions;  else- 
where, they  shall  be  built  inside  of  the 
frame,  except  in  the  case  of  ornamental 
or  exposed  chimneys.  In  no  case  shall  a 
frame  building  be  erected  within  three 
feet  of  the  side  or  rear  line  of  a lot.  un- 
less the  space  between  the  studs  on  any 
such  side  be  filled  in  solidly  with  not 
less  than  two  and  one-haif  inches  of 
brickwork  or  other  fireproof  material. 
When  two  or  more  such  buildings  are 
built  continuous  tho  party  or  division 
studding  shall  be  not  less  than  four 
inches  thick  and  filled  in  solidly  with 
brickwork  or  ether  fireproof  material  ex- 
tending to  the  under  side  of  roof  boards. 
When  the  division  walls  are  of  brick  they 
shall  be  not  less  than  eight  Inches  thick 
above  the  foundation  wall  and  extending 
to  under  side  of  roof  boards,  and  the  ends 
of  the  floor  beams  shall  be  so  separated 
that  four  inches  of  brick  will  be  between 
the  beams  where  they  rest  on  said  walls. 
The  sills  of  all  frame  dwellings,  except 
where  the  first  floor  is  used  for  store 
or  business  purposes,  shall  be  not  less 
than  two  feet  above  the  ground  to  the 
under  side  of  same.  All  frame  or  wood 
buildings  exceeding  a height  of  fifteen 
feet  shall  be  built  with  sills,  posts,  girts, 
plates  and  rafters,  all  of  suitable  size  and 
properly  framed  and  braced  with  suitable 
studs  or  planks,  set  at  proper  distance 
apart;  but  this  shall  not  prohibit  the 
use  of  balloon-framing.  The  floor  beams 
and  rafters  shall  be  not  less  than  two 
inches  in  thickness.  The  covering  of  roof 
may  be  of  shingle.  The  walls  of  light, 
vent  and  dumb-waiter  shafts,  whether  ex- 
terior or  interior,  in  frame  buildings  may 
be  constructed  of  frame.  Posts  of  locust 
or  other  hard  wood  and  wood  girders 
may  be  used  instead  of  brick  fore-and-aft 
partitions  in  cellars  of  frame  buildings, 
and  it  shall  not  be  necessary  to  use 
metal  or  wire  lath  for  the  ceilings  ot 
cellars  or  lowest  floors  of  any  frame 
building.  The  cellar  stairs  In  frame  build- 
ings may  be  placed  directly  UDder  main 
stairs,  and  no  brick  wall  shall  be  neces- 
sary to  inclose  the  same;  nor  shall  areas 
be  required  to  be  built  across  the  front 
of  frame  buildings,  except  where  the  cel- 
lar or  basement  is  used  for  living  pur- 
poses. The  regulations  governing  plumb- 
ing. drainage  and  heating,  also  steam  and 
hot-air  pipes  and  registers,  where  same 
extend  through  or  along  stud  partitions, 
shall  also  apply  to  frame  buildings.  Frame 
buildings  may  be  altered,  extended,  raised 
or  repaired,  provided  tho  new  portions 
comply  with  the  provisions  of  this  sec- 
tion. No  frame  building  exceeding  three 
stories  in  height  shall  hereafter  be  erect- 
or to  bo  occupied  by  more  than  six  fami- 
lies, nor  shall  any  frame  building  already 
erected,  be  altered  to  be  occupied  by 
more  than  6ix  families,  nor  more  than 
three  stories  In  height.  Outside  of  the 
fire  limits,  when  any  brick  or  stone  build- 
ing is  to  be  erected  of  a class  that  could, 
under  this  code,  be  constructed  of  wood, 
the  Commissioner  of  Buildings  having 
jurisdiction  Is  hereby  authorized  and  di- 
rected to  allow  reasonable  modifications 
of  this  cod?  relating  to  brick  buildings.  In 
consideration  of  incombustible  material 
being  used  for  walls  instead  of  wood. 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


49 


Frame  Bnildliurs;  Where  Streets  Are 

Not  Established. 

Sec.  147.  Within  portions  of  The  City  of 
New  York  where  streets  have  not  been  or 
are  not  legally  established  and  are  out- 
side of  the  prescribed  fire  limits,  no 
building  or  structure  other  than  small 
outhouses  shall  be  erected  without  first 
filing  plans  and  a detailed  statement  of 
the  proposed  construction  and  obtaining 
an  approval  therefor,  as  provided  in  Sec- 
tion 4 of  this  code.  Within  the  said  por- 
tions of  The  City  of  New  York,  hotels, 
tenement  houses  for  occupancy  by  not 
more  than  six  families,  and  places  of 
public  assembly  may  be  built  of  wood, 
but  shall  in  all  other  respects  comply 
with  the  several  provisions  of  this  code 
relating  to  such  structures;  but  for  all 
other  buildings  or  structures  only  so 
much  of  the  requirements,  regulations 
and  restrictions  of  this  code  shall  apply 
as  in  the  opinion  of  the  commissioner  of 
building  having  jurisdiction  may  be  nec- 
essary for  safety  and  health.  The  pur- 
pose of  this  section  is  to  permit  greater 
freedom  in  construction  and  in  plumbing 
and  drainage  of  buildings  in  the  outlying 
and  undeveloped  portions  of  The  City  of 
New  York  than  in  those  portions  where  a 
street  system  has  been  adopted  by  the 
municipality  or  established  by  law. 

PART  XXIX. 

APPEALS  AND  MODIFICATIONS  OF 
LAW. 

The  Board  of  Building;*. 

Bee.  148.  Each  commissioner  of  build- 
ings shall  have  power,  with  the  approval 
of  the  board,  to  vary  or  modify  any  rule 
or  regulation  of  the  board,  or  the  provi- 
sions of  chapter  12  of  the  Greater  New 
York  charter,  or  of  any  existing  law  or 
ordinance  relating  to  the  construction, 
alteration  or  removal  of  any  building  or 
structure  erected  or  to  be  erected  within 
his  Jurisdiction,  pursuant  to  the  provi- 
sions of  section  650  of  the  Greater  New 
York  Charter. 

Board  of  Examiner*. 

Sec.  149.  The  board  of  examiners  for 
the  boroughs  of  Manhattan  and  the  Bronx 
shall  be  constituted  as  prescribed  by  Sec- 
tion 649  ot  the  Greater  New  York  Charter. 
Each  of  said  examiners  shall  take  the 
usual  oath  of  office  before  entering  upon 
his  duties.  No  member  of  said  board 
shall  pass  upon  any  question  In  which  he 
is  pecuniarily  interested.  The  said  board 
shall  meet  as  often  as  once  in  each  week 
upon  notice  from  the  commissioner  of  , 
buildings. 

The  members  of  said  board  of  exam- 
iners, and  the  clerk  of  said  board,  shall 
each  be  entitled  to  and  shall  receive  ten 
dollars  for  each  attendance  at  a meeting 
of  said  board  to  be  paid  by  the  comp- 
troller from  the  annual  appropriation  to 
be  made  therefor  upon  the  voucher  of  the 
commissioner  of  buildings  for  ihe  Bor- 
oughs of  Manhattan  and  the  Bronx. 

PART  XXX. 

\ IOI  ATIONN  AND  PENALTIES. 

COl  RTS  HAVING  JURISDICTION. 

Violation*  nn«1  Penn  1 i lm. 

Sec.  150.  The  owner  or  owners  of  any 
building,  structure  or  part  thereof,  or 
wall,  or  any  platform,  staging  or  flooring 
to  be  used  for  standing  or  seating  pur- 
poses where  any  violation  of  this  code 
shall  be  placed,  or  shall  oxlst.  and  any 
architect,  builder,  plumber,  carpenter  or 
mason  who  may  be  employed  or  assist  In 
the  commission  of  any  such  violation, 
and  any  and  all  persons  who  shall  violate 
any  of  the  provls-ons  of  tb in  code  or  fall 
to  comply  therewith,  or  any  requirement  ! 
thereof,  or  who  shall  violate  or  fall  to 
comply  with,  any  order  or  regulation 
made  thereunder,  or  who  shall  build  In 
violation  ot  any  detailed  atatomon’  of 
specifications  or  plana,  submit  led  and  ap- 
proved thereunder,  or  ef  'iv  ccr'Iflcale 
Or  permit  Issue-*  •*  •h'vll  ItSV- 


erallv,  for  each  and  every  such  violation 
^nd  non-compliance,  respectively,  forfeit 
and  pay  a penalty  in  the  sum  of  fifty  dol- 
lars. Except  that  any  such  person  who 
shall  violate  any  of  the  provisions  of  this 
code,  as  to  the  construction  of  chimneys, 
fire-places,  flues,  hot-air  pipes  and  fur- 
naces, or  who  shall  violate  any  of  the 
provisions  of  this  code,  with  reference 
to  the  framing  or  trimming  of  timbers, 
girders,  beams,  or  other  woodwork  in 
proximity  to  chimney  flues  or  fire-places, 
shall  forfeit  and  pay  a penalty  in  the 
sum  of  one  hundred  dollars.  But  if  any 
said  violation  shall  be  removed  or  be  in 
process  of  removal  within  ten  days  after 
the  service  of  a notice  as  hereinafter  pre- 
scribed, the  liability  of  such  a penalty 
shall  ceast.  and  Ihe  corporation  counsel, 
on  request  of  the  commissioner  of  build- 
ings having  jurisdiction,  shall  discontinue 
any  action  pending  to  recover  the  same, 
l upon  such  removal  or  the  completion 
I thereof  within  a reasonable  time.  Any 
and  all  of  the  aforementioned  persons 
who  having  been  served  with  a notice  as 
hereinafter  proscribed,  to  remove  any  vio- 
1 lation,  or  comply  with  any  requirement 
of  this  code,  or  with  any  order  or  regu- 
lation made  thereunder,  shall  fail  to  com- 
ply with  said  notice  within  ten  days  after 
such  service  or  shall  continue  to  violate 
any  requirement  of  this  code  in  the  re- 
spect named  in  said  notice  shall  pay  a 
penalty  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars. 
For  the  recovery  of  any  said  penalty  or 
penalties  an  action  may  be  brought  in 
any  municipal  court,  or  court  of  record, 
in  said  city  in  the  name  of  The  City  of 
New  York;  and  whenever  any  judgment 
shall  be  rendered  therefor,  the  same  shall 
be  collected  and  enforced,  as  prescribed 
and  directed  by  the  code  of  civil  proeed- 
uie  of  the  state  of  New  York.  The  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdic- 
tion, through  'he  corporation  counsel,  is 
hereby  authorized,  in  his  discretion,  good 
and  sufficient  cause  being  shown  theretor, 

I to  remit  any  fine  or  fines,  penalty  or  pen- 
I altics,  which  any  person  or  persons  may 
I have  incurred,  or  may  hereafter  incur,  uu- 
| der  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  code, 
but  no  fine  or  penalty  shall  be  remitted 
for  any  such  violation  until  the  violation 
shall  have  been  removed.  Said  remission 
shall  also  operate  as  the  remission  of  the 
costs  obtained  in  such  action. 

Court*  Haring  Jurisdiction. 

Sec.  151.  All  courts  of  civil  jurisdic- 
tion in  The  City  of  New  York  shall  have 
cognizance  of  and  Jurisdiction  over  any 
and  all  suits  and  proceedings  by  this  code 
authorized  to  be  brought  for  the  recovery 
of  any  penalty  and  tho  enforcement  of 
any  of  the  several  provisions  of  this  code, 
and  shall  give  preference  to  such  suits 
and  proceedings  over  all  others,  and  no 
court  shall  lose  jurisdiction  of  any  action 
by  reason  of  a pica  that  the  title  to  real 
estate  Is  involved,  provided  the  object  of 
tho  action  is  to  recover  a penalty  for  the 
violation  of  any  of  tho  provisions  of  this 
code.  The  corporation  counsel  is  author- 
ized to  Institute  any  and  all  actions  and 
proceedings,  either  legal  or  equitable  that 
may  be  appropriate  or  necessary  for  tho 
enforcement  of  the  provisions  of  this  code, 
and  nil  civil  cou  ;ts  In  said  city  are  here- 
by Invested  with  full  legal  and  equitable 
Jurisdiction  to  hear,  try  and  determine 
all  surh  actions  and  proceedings,  and  to 
make  appropriate  orders  and  render  Judg- 
ment therein  according  to  law,  so  us  to 
give  force  and  effect  to  tho  provisions  of 
this  code.  Whenever  the  commissioner  of 
buildings  having  jurisdiction  Is  satisfied 
that  any  building  or  structure,  or  any 
portion  thereof,  or  any  drainage  or 
plumbing,  tho  erection,  construction  or 
alteration,  execution  or  repair  of  which 
Is  regulated,  permitted  or  forbidden  by 
this  code.  Is  being  erected,  constructed, 
altered  or  repaired,  or  has  been  erected, 
constructed,  altered  or  repaired.  In  vio- 
lation of.  or  not  In  compliance  with  any 
of  the  provisions  or  requirements  of  this 
code,  or  In  vlolallon  of  any  detailed  state- 
ment of  specifications  or  plans  submitted 


tifieate  or  permit  issued  thereunder,  or 
that  any  provision  or  requirement  of  this 
code,  or  any  order  or  direction  made 
thereunder  has  not  been  complied  with, 
or  that  plans  and  specifications  for 
plumbing  and  drainage  have  not  been  sub- 
mitted or  filed  as  required  by  this  code, 
the  commissioner  of  buildings  having  jur- 
isdiction may  in  his  discretion  through 
the  corporation  counsel  institute  any  ap- 
propriate action  or  proceeding,  at  law  or 
in  equity,  to  restrain,  correct  or  remove 
such  violation,  or  the  execution  of  any 
work  thereon,  or  to  restrain  or  correct  the 
erection  or  alteration  of  or  to  require 
the  removal  of.  or  to  prevent  the  occu- 
1 pation  or  use  of,  the  building  or  structure 
erected,  constructed  or  altered,  in  viola- 
tion of,  or  not  in  compliance  with  any  of 
{ the  provisions  of  this  code,  or  with 

respect  to  which  the  require- 
ments of  this  code,  or  of  any 

order  or  direction  made  pursuant  to  any 
provisions  contained  in  this  code,  shall 
not  have  been  complied  with.  In  any  such 
action  or  proceeding  The  City  of  New 
York  may,  in  the  discretion  of  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdic- 
tion and  on  his  affidavit  setting  forth  the 
facts,  apply  to  any  court  of  record  in 
said  city,  or  to  a judge  or  justice  thereof, 
for  an  order  enjoining  and  restraining  all 
persons  from  doing  or  causing  or  permit- 
ting to  be  done,  any  work  in  or  upon 
such  building  or  structure,  or  in  or  upon 
such  part  thereof  as  may  be  designated 
in  said  affidavit,  or  from  occupying  or  us- 
ing said  building  or  structure,  or  such 
portion  thereof  as  may  be  designated  in 
said  affidavit  for  any  purpose  whatever, 
until  the  hearing  and  determination  ot 
said  action  and  the  entry  of  final  judg- 
ment therein.  The  court  or  judge  or  Jus- 
tice thereof,  to  whom  such  application  is 
made,  is  hereby  authorized  forthwith  to 
make  any  or  all  of  the  orders  above 
specified,  as  may  be  required  in  such 
application,  with  or  without  notice,  and 
to  make  such  other  or  further  orders  or 
directions  as  may  be  necessary  to  render 
the  same  effectual.  No  officer  of  said 
department  of  buildings,  acting  in  good 
faith  and  without  malice  shall  bo  liable 
for  damages  by  reason  of  anything  done 
in  any  such  action  or  proceeding.  No 
undertaking  shall  be  required  as  a condi- 
tion to  the  granting  or  issuing  of  such 
injunction  order,  or  by  reason  thereof. 
All  courts  in  which  any  suit  or  proceed- 
ing is  instituted  under  this  code,  shall 
upon  the  rendition  of  a verdict,  report 
of  a referee,  or  decision  of  a judge  or  jus- 
I t.ico,  render  judgment  in  accordance 
therewith;  and  the  said  Judgment  so  ren- 
dered, shall  be  and  become  a lien  upon 
the  premises  named  in  the  complaint  in 
any  surh  action,  to  date  from  the  time  of 
filing  in  a county  clerk's  office  In  Tho 
City  of  New  York,  whero  the  property  af- 
fected by  such  action,  suit  or  proceeding. 
Is  lorated.  of  a notice  of  lis  pendens 
therein;  which  lieu  may  be  enforced 
against  said  property,  in  every  respect, 

1 notwithstanding  the  same  may  be  trans- 
ferred subsequent  to  tho  filing  of  the  said 
notice.  Said  notice  of  lis  pendens  shall 
consist  of  n copy  of  tho  notice  issued  by 
the  commissioner  of  buildings  having 
Jurisdiction  requiring  the  removal  of  tho 
violation  and  a rotlcc  of  the  sm*  or  pro- 
I ceedlngs  Instituted,  or  to  be  instituted 
thereon,  and  said  notice  of  lis  pendens 
may  be  filed  at  any  time  after  tho  sorv- 
i Ice  of  the  notice  Issued  by  the  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  ns  aforesaid,  provided 
j ho  may  deem  the  same  to  be  necessary. 
1 or  Is  891.1*0**1  Mint  the  owner  >f  lha 
property  Ik  about  to  transfer  the  ima  to 
avoid  responsibility  for  having  violated 
the  provisions  of  litis  code  or  some  one  of 
Its  provision*.  Any  notice  of  lis  pendens 
filed  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this 
code,  may  be  vacated  and  canceled  of 
record;  upon  nn  order  of  a Judge  or  Jus- 
tice of  the  court  In  which  such  suit  or 
proceeding  was  instituted  or  Is  pending, 
or  upon  (ho  conifcnt  in  writing  of  tho 
corporation  counsel,  and  the  clerk  of  tho 
j said  county  where  such  notice  Is  filed. 

Is  hereby  directed  and  required  to  mark 

-I,  ■ fl'ieii  nolle*-  of  i|*  peDd*n"  I any 


50 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


record  or  docket  thereof  as  vacated  and 
canceled  of  record,  upon  the  presentation 
and  filing  of  a certified  copy  of  an  order 
a*  aforesaid  or  of  the  consent,  in  writ- 
ing. of  said  corporation  counsel.  In  no 
case  shall  the  said  department  of  build- 
ings, or  any  officer  thereof,  or  the  cor- 
poration of  The  City  of  New  York,  or  any 
defendant,  be  liable  for  costs  in  any  ac- 
tion, suit  or  proceedings  that  may  have 
been,  or  may  hereafter  be,  instituted  or 
commenced  in  pursuance  of  ihis  code,  un- 
less specially  ordered  and  allowed  against 
any  defendant  or  defendants  by  a court 
or  justice,  in  the  course  of  such  action, 
suit  or  proceeding. 

Notice  of  Violations  of  Code;  Service 

of  Papers, 

Sec.  152.  All  notices  of  the  violation 
of  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  code,  and 
all  notices  directing  anything  to  be  done, 
required  by  this  code,  and  all  other  no- 
tices that  may  be  required  or  authorized 
to  be  issued  thereunder,  including  notice 
that  any  building,  structure,  premises,  or 
any  part  thereof,  are  deemed  unsafe  or 
dangerous,  shall  be  issued  by  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdic- 
tion, and  shall  have  his  name  affixed 
thereto,  and  may  be  served  by  any  officer 
or  employe  of  the  department  of  build- 
ings or  by  any  person  authorized  by  the 
said  department.  All  such  notices,  and 
any  notice  or  order  issued  by  any  court 
in  any  proceeding  instituted  pursuant  to 
this  code  to  restrain  or  remove  any  vio- 
lation, or  to  enforce  compliance  with 
any  provision  or  requirement  of  this 
code,  may  be  served  by  delivering  to 
and  leaving  a copy  of  the  same  with 
any  person  or  persons  violating,  or  who 
may  be  liable  under  any  of  the  several 
provisions  of  thus  code,  or  to  whom  the 
same  may  be  addressed,  and  if  such  per- 
son or  persons  cannot  be  found  after 
diligent  search  shall  have  been  made  for 
him  or  them,  then  such  notice  or  order 
may  be  served  by  posting  the  same  in  a 
conspicuous  place  upon  the  premises 
where  such  violation  is  alleged  to  have  j 
been  placed  or  to  exist,  or  to  which  such 
notice  or  order  may  refer,  or  which  may 
be  deemed  unsafe  or  dangerous,  which 
shall  be  equivalent  to  a personal  service 
of  said  notice  or  order  upon  all  parties 
for  whom  such  search  shall  have  been 
made.  Such  notice  or  order  shall  con- 
tain a description  of  the  building,  prem- 
ises or  property  on  which  such  violation 
shall  have  been  put  or  may  exist,  or 
which  may  he  deemed  unsafe  or  danger- 
ous, or  to  which  such  notice  or  order 
may  refer.  If  the  person  or  persons  or 
*ny  of  them,  to  whom  said  notice  or  or- 
der is  addressed,  do  not  reside  in  the 
Ftate  of  New  York,  and  have  no  known 
place  of  business  therein,  the  same  may 
be  served  by  delivering  to  and  leaving 
with  such  person  or  persons,  or  either 
of  them,  a copy  of  said  notice  or  order, 
nr  if  said  person  or  persons  cannot  be 
found  within  said  state  after  diligent 
search,  then  by  posting  a copy  of  the 
same  in  manner  as  aforesaid  and  depos- 
iting a copy  thereof  in  a post  office  in 
The  City  of  Now  York,  inclosed  in  a sealed 
wrapper  addressed  to  said  person  or  per- 
sons at  his  or  their  last  known  place  of 
residence,  with  the  postage  paid  thereon; 
and  said  posting  and  mailing  of  a copy 
of  said  notice  or  order  shall  be  equiva- 
lent to  personal  service  of  said  notice  or 
order. 

PART  XXXI. 

INSAFE  BUILDINGS.  SURVEYS, 
COURT  PROCEEDINGS. 

Unsafe  Rnllilinga. 

Sec.  153.  Any  building  or  buildings, 
part  or  parts  of  a building,  staging  or 
other  structure  in  The  City  of  New  lork. 
that  from  any  cause  may  now  be,  or 
shall  at  any  time  hereafter  become  dan- 
gerous or  unsafe,  may  be  takpu  down  and 
removed,  or  made  sate  and  secure,  in 
the  manner  following:  Immediately  upon 
such  unsafe  or  dangerous  building  or 
buildings,  or  part  or  parts  of  a build- 
ing, staging  or  structure  being  so  re- 


ported by  any  of  the  officers  of  said  de- 
partment of  buildings,  the  same  shall  be 
immediately  entered  upon  a docket  of  un- 
safe buildings  to  be  kept  by  the  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  having  jurisdiction; 
and  the  owner,  or  some  one  of  the  own- 
ers, executors,  administrators,  agents, 
lessees  or  any  other  person  or  persons 
who  may  have  a vested  or  contingent  in- 
terest in  the'same,  may  be  served  with  a 
printed  or  written  notice  containing  a de- 
scription of  the  premises  or  structure 
deemed  unsafe  or  dangerous,  requiring 
the  same  to  be  made  safe  and  secure,  or 
removed,,  as  the  sac-  may  be  deemed 
necessary  by  the  commissioner  of  build- 
ings having  jurisdiction,  which  said  no- 
tice shall  require  the  person  or  persons 
thus  served  to  immediately  certify  to  the 
said  commissioner  his  or  their  assent 
or  refusal  to  secure  or  remove  the  same. 

Surveys  on  Unsafe  Building.!. 

Sec.  151. — If  the  person  or  persons  so 
served  with  notice  shall  immediately  cer- 
tify his  or  their  assent  to  the  securing 
or  removal  of  said  unsafe  or  dangerous 
building,  premises  or  structure,  he  or 
they  shall  be  allowed  until  one  o’clock 
p.JI.  of  the  day  following  the  service  of 
such  notice,  in  which  to  commence  the 
securing  or  removal  of  the  same;  and 
he  or  they  shall  employ  sufficient  labor 
and  assistance  to  secure  or  remove  the 
same  as  expeditiously  as  the  same  can 
be  done;  hut  upon  his  or  their  refusal  or 
neglect  to  comply  with  any  of  the  re-  j 
quirements  of  said  notice  so  served  a 
further  notice  shall  be  served  upon  the 
person  or  persons  heretofore  named,  and 
in  the  manner  heretofore  prescribed,  no- 
tifying him  or  them  that  a survey  of  the 
premises  named  in  the  said  notice  will 
be  made  at  the  time  and  place  therein 
named,  which  time  may  not  be  less  than 
twenty-four  hours  nor  more  than  three 
days  from  the  time  of  the  service  of  said 
notice,  by  three  competent  persons,  one 
of  whom  shall  be  the  commissioner  of 
buildings,  having  jurisdiction,  or  a su- 
perintendent of  buildings,  or  an  inspec- 
tor, designated  in  writing  by  said  com- 
missioner, another  of  whom  shall  be  an 
architect,  appointed  by  the  New  York 
Chapter  of  the  American  Institute  of 
Architects  for  the  Boroughs  of  Manhat- 
tan, The  Bronx  and  Richmond,  and  by 
the’  Brooklyn  Chapter  of  the  American 
Institute  of  Architects  for  the  Boroughs 
of  Brooklyn  and  Queens,  depending  upon 
the  borough  or  boroughs  in  which  the 
property  is  located,  another  of  whom 
shall  be  appointed  by  the  person  or  per- 
sons thus  notified,  and  who  shall  he  a 
practical  builder  or  architect,  upon 
whose  neglect  or  refusal  to  appoint  such 
surveyor,  however,  the  said  other  two 
surveyors  may  make  such  survey;  and  in 
ease  of  a disagreement  of  the  latter, 
they  shall  appoint  a third  person  to  take 
part  in  such  survey,  who  shall  also  be  a 
practical  builder  or  architect  of  at  least 
ten  years’  practice,  and  the  decision  of 
the  said  surveyor  shall  be  final;  and  that 
in  case  the  said  premises  shall  be  re- 
ported unsafe  or  dangerous  under  such 
survey,  the  said  report  will  be  placed 
before  a court  therein  named,  having  ju- 
risdiction to  the  extent  of  $1,000,  and  that 
a trial  upon  the  allegations  and  state- 
ments contained  in  said  report,  be  the 
report  of  said  surveyors  more  or  less 
than  is  contained  in  the  said  notice  of 
survey,  will  be  had  before  said  court,  at 
a time  and  place  therein  named,  to  de- 
termine whether  said  unsafe  or  danger- 
ous building  or  premises  shall  be  re- 
paired and  secured  or  taken  down  and 
removed;  and  a report  of  such  survey,  re- 
duced to  writing,  shall  constitute  the 
issue  to  be  placed  before  the  court  for 
trial.  A copy  of  said  report  of  survey 
shall  be  posted  on  the  building  by  the 
persons  holding  the  survey,  immediately 
on  their  signing  the  samp.  The  archi- 
tect appointed  by  the  chapters  of  tho 
American  Institute  of  Architects  as  here- 
inbefore provided,  who  may  act  ou  any 
survey  called  in  accordance  with  the  pro- 
visions of  this  code,  shall  be  entitled  to, 
and  receive  the  sum  of  twenty-five  dol- 
lar*, to  be  paid  by  the  comptroller  upon 


the  voucher  of  the  board  of  buildings. 
And  a cause  of  action  is  hereby  created 
for  the  benefit  of  The  City  of  New  York 
against  the  owner  or  owners  of  said 
building,  staging  or  structure,  and  of  the 
lot  or  parcel  of  laDd  on  which  the  same 
is  situated,  for  the  amount  so  paid  with 
interest,  which  shall  he  prosecuted  in  the 
name  of  The  City  of  New  York,  by  the 
corporation  counsel.  The  amount  so  col- 
lected shall  be  paid  over  to  the  comp- 
troller in  reimbursement  cf  the  amounts 
paid  by  him  as  aforesaid.  

Conrt  Proceedings.  ’W  * 

Sec.  155.  Whenever  the  report  of  any 
such  survey,  had  as  aforesaid,  shall  recite 
that  the  building,  premises  or  structure 
thus  surveyed  is  unsafe  or  dangerous,  the 
corporation  counsel  of  The  City  of  New 
York  shall  at  the  time  in  the  said  notice 
named,  place  said  notice  and  report  be- 
fore the  judge  or  justice  holding  a special 
term  of  the  court,  in  the  said  notice 
named,  which  said  judge  or  justice  shall 
immediately  proceed  to  obtain  and  im- 
panel a jury,  aud  to  the  trial  of  said 
issue  before  said  jury,  whose  verdict  shad 
be  conclusive  and  final,  and  shall  try  sain 
issue  without  adjournment,  except  as  may 
be  necessary  from  day  to  day,  giving 
precedence  to  the  trial  of  this  issue  over 
every  other  business,  and  said  judge  or 
justice  shall  have  power  to  impanel  a 
jury,  for  that  purpose  from  any  jurors 
in  attendance  upon  said  court,  or  in  case 
sufficient,  jurors  shall  not  be  in  at- 
tendance. then  from  any  jurors  (hat  may 
be  summoned  for  that  purpose;  and  said 
judge  or  justice  shall  have  power  to 
summon  jurors  for  that  purpose;  and  any 
such  suit  or  proceeding  commenced  be- 
fore a judge  or  justice  may  be  continued 
before  another  judge  or  justice  of  the 
same  court;  a jury  trial  may  be  waived 
by  the  default  of  the  defendant  or  de- 
fendants to  appear  at  the  time  and  place 
named  in  the  said  notice,  or  by  agree- 
ment, and  in  such  case  the  trial  may  be 
by  court,  judge,  justice,  or  referee,  whose 
report  or  decision  in  the  matter  shall  be 
final;  and  upon  the  rendition  of  a verdict 
or  decision  of  the  court,  judge,  justice,  or 
referee,  if  the  said  verdict  or  decision 
shall  find  the  said  building,  premises  or 
structure  to  be  unsafe  or  dangerous,  the 
judge  or  justice  trying  said  cause,  or  to 
whom  the  report  of  the  referee  trying 
said  cause  shall  be  presented,  shall  im- 
mediately issue  a precept  out  of  said 
court,  directed  to  the  commissioner  of 
buildings,  having  jurisdiction,  reciting 
said  verdict  or  decision,  and  commanding 
him  forthwith  to  repair  and  secure  or 
tako  down  or  remove,  as  the  case  may 
be.  in  accordance  with  said  verdict  o” 
decision,  said  unsafe  or  dangerous  build- 
ing, buildings,  part  or  parts  thereof, 
staging,  structure  or  other  premises  that 
shall  have  been  named  in  the  said  report : 
and  said  commissioner  of  buildings  shall 
immediately  thereupon  proceed  to  execute 
said  precept  as  therein  directed,  and  may 
employ  such  labor  and  assistance  and 
furnish  such  materials  as  may  bo  neces- 
sary for  that,  purpose,  and  after  having 
done  so.  said  commissioner  of  building* 
shall  make  return  of  said  precept,  with 
1 an  indorsement  of  the  action  thereunder 
and  the  cost  and  expenses  thereby  iu- 
i eurrred,  to  the  judge  or  justice  then  hold- 
ing the  said  special  term  of  the  said 
court,  and  thereupon  said  Judge  or  justice 
shall  tax  and  aljust  the  amount  indorsed 
I upon  said  precept,  and  shall  adjust  and 
allow  disbursements  of  said  proceeding, 
together  with  the  preliminary  expenses 
' of  searches  and  surveys,  which  shall 
be  inserted  in  the  judgment  in  #aid 
action  or  proceeding,  and  shall  render 
judgment  for  such  amount,  r.nd  for  the 
tale  of  the  said  premises  in  the  sa  d 
notice  named,  together  with  all  the  righ'. 
title  and  interest  that  the  person  or  per- 
sons, or  either  of  them,  named  in  the 
said  notice  had  in  the  lot.  ground  or  land 
upon  which  the  sRid  building  or  struc- 
ture was  pla:ed,  at  the  time  of  the  filing 
of  a notice  of  lis  pendens  In  the  said 
proceedings,  or  at  the  time  of  the  en- 
I trv  of  judgment  therein  to  satisfy  the 


! I the  building  code. 


5i 


same,  which  shall  be  in  the  same  man* 
ner  and  with  like  effect  as  sales  under 
judgment  in  foreclosure  of  mortgages; 
and  in  and  about  all  preliminary  pro- 
ceedings, as  well  as  the  carrying  into 
effect  any  order  of  the  court  or  any  pre- 
cept issued  by  any  court,  said  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  may  make  requisition 
upon  the  comptroller  of  The  City  of  New 
York  for  such  amount  or  amounts  of 
money  as  shall  be  necessary  to  meet 
the  expenses  thereof:  and  upon  the  same 
being  approved  by  any  judge  or  justice  of 
the  court  from  which  the  said  order  or 
precept  was  issued  and  presented  to  said 
omptroller,  he  shall  pay  the  same,  and 
for  that  purpose  shall  borrow  and  raise, 
upon  revenue  bonds,  to  be  issued  as  pro- 
vided in  section  one  hundred  and  eighty- 
eight  of  the  Greater  New  York 

Charter,  the  several  amounts  that 
may  from  time  to  time  be  required,  whicn 
shall  be  reimbursed  by  the  payment  of 
the  amount  and  interest  at  six  per  cent, 
out  of  the  judgment  or  judgments  ob- 
tained as  aforesaid,  if  the  same  shall  be 
collected.  In  case  said  issue,  shall  not 
he  tried  at  the  time  specified  In  said  no- 
tice. or  to  which  the  trial  may  be  ad- 
journed, the  same  may  be  brought  lo 
trial  at  any  time  thereafter  by  the  said 
commissioner  of  buildings,  without  a new 
survey,  upon  not  less  than  three  days’ 
notice  of  trial  to  the  person  or  persons 
upon  whom  the  original  notice  was 
served,  or  to  his  or  their  attorney,  which 
notice  of  trial  may  be  served  in  ihe 
same  manner  as  said  original  notice.  The 
notice  of  lis  pendens  provided  for  in  this 
section  shall  consist  of  a copy  of  said 
notice  of  survey,  and  shall  be  died  iu 
ihe  office  of  a county  clerk  in  The  City 
of  New  York,  in  the  county  where  the 
property  affected  by  such  action,  suit  or 
proceeding  is  located.  Provided,  neverthe- 
less. that  immediately  upon  the  issuing 
of  said  precept,  the  owner  or  owners 
of  said  building,  staging  or  structure, 
or  premises,  or  any  party  interested 
therein,  upon  application  to  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings,  shall  be  allowed 
to  perform  the  requirements  of  said  pre- 
cept at  his  or  their  own  proper  cost  and 
expense,  provided  the  same  shall  be 
done  immediately  and  in  accordance  with 

• the  requirements  of  said  precept,  upon 
the  payment  of  all  costs  and  expenses  in- 
curred up  to  that  time,  and  provided, 
further,  that  the  commissioner  of  build- 
ings having  jurisdiction  shall  have  au- 
thority to  modify  the  requirements  of 
said  precept  upon  application  to  him 
therefor.  In  writing,  by  the  owner  or 
owners  of  said  building,  staging  or 
structure,  or  his  nr  their  representative 
when  he  shall  be  satisfied  that  such 
change  shall  secure  equally  well  the 
safety  of  said  building,  staging  or  struc- 
ture. 

Application  for  Order  to  Remove 
Violation*  and  to  \acate  Hnlld- 
I nga. 

fi*c.  156.  In  rase  any  noire  or  di- 
rection authorized  to  be  issued  by  this 
coda  I*  not  compiled  with  within  the 
time  designated  in  said  notice.  The  City 
of  New  York  by  the  corporation  coun- 
sel may,  at.  the  request  of  the  commis- 
sioner of  buildings  having  Jurisdiction, 
appl7  to  the  supreme  court  of  New  York, 
St  a special  term  theroof.  for  an  order 
directing  said  commissioner  to  proceed  to 
make  the  alterations  or  remove  the  vio- 
lation or  violations,  as  the  ssmr  msy  be 
specified  In  said  notice  or  direction. 
Whenever  any  notice  or  direction  so  au- 
thorized, shall  have  been  served  as  di- 
rected In  this  code,  and  the  same  shall 
not  havr  been  complied  with  within  the 
time  designated  therein,  the  .orporstlcn 
counsel  may  at  the  request  of  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  hiving  Jurisdiction, 
in  addition  to.  or  In  ll*u  of  the  remedy 

• last  above  provided,  apply  to  the  supreme 

I i ourf.  of  New  York,  at  » speiial  term 

t thereof,  for  an  order  directing  the  said 

I i ommisaioner  to  vacate  such  building  or 

premises.  or  so  mii<  h thereof  as  said 
commissioner  may  deem  necessary,  and 
prohibiting  the  same  to  b»  useo  or  r u- 
pled  for  any  purpose  speciflcd  in  said  or- 


der until  such  notice  shall  have  been 
complied  with.  The  expenses  and  dis- 
bursement. incurred  in  the  carrying  out 
of  any  said  order  or  orders,  shall  become 
a lien  upon  said  building  or  premises 
named  in  the  said  notice,  from  the  time 
of  filing  of  a copy  of  the  said  notice, 
with  a notice  of  the  pendency  of  the  ac- 
tion or  proceeding  as  provided  in  this 
code,  taken  thereunder,  in  the  office  of 
the  clerk  of  the  county  where  the  prop- 
erty affected  by  such  action,  suit  or  pro- 
ceeding is  located:  and  the  said  su- 
preme court,  or  a judge  or  justice  there- 
of, to  whom  application  shall  be  made, 
is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  | 
grant  any  of  the  orders  above  named, 
and  to  take  such  proceedings  as  shall  be 
necessary  to  make  the  same  effectual.  ! 
and  any  said  judge  or  justice  to  whom 
application  shall  be  made  is  hereby  au- 
thorized and  directed  to  enforce  such  lien 
in  accordance  with  the  mechanics  lien 
laws  applicable  to  The  City  of  New  York: 
and  in  case  any  of  the  notices  herein 
mentioned  shall  be  served  upon  any  lessee 
or  party  in  possession  of  the  building  or 
premises  therein  described,  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  the  person  upon  whom  such 
service  is  made  to  give  immediate  notice 
to  the  owner  or  agent  of  said  building 
named  in  the  notice,  if  the  same  shall 
be  known  to  the  said  person  personally, 
if  such  person  shall  be  within  the  lim- 
its of  The  City  of  New  York,  and  his  resi- 
dence known  to  such  person,  and  if  not 
within  said  city,  then  by  depositing  a 
copy  of  said  notice  in  any  post  office  in 
The  City  of  New  York,  properly  inclosed 
and  addressed  to  such  owner  or  agent,  at.  | 
his  then  place  of  residence,  if  known, 
and  by  paying  the  postage  thereon:  and  ( 
in  case  any  lessee  or  party  in  possession 
shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  give  such  no- 
tice as  herein  provided,  he  shall  be  per-  I 
sonally  liable  to  the  owner  or  owners  of 
said  building  or  premises  for  all  dam- 
ages he  or  they  shall  sustain  by  rea- 
son thereof. 

* ' PART  XXXII. 

RECOVERY  OF  BODIES  I MIKIl 
FALLEN  BUILDINGS. 

Sec.  157.  In  case  of  the  falling  of  any 
building  or  part  thereof  in  The  City  of 
New  York,  where  persons  are  known  or 
believed  to  be  buried  under  the  ruins 
thereof,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  fire 
department  to  cause  an  examination  of 
the  premises  to  be  made  for  the  recovery 
of  the  bodies  of  the  killed  aod  injured. 
Whenever,  in  making  such  examination, 
it  shall  be  necessary  to  remove  from  the 
premises  any  debris,  it  shall  bo  the  duty 
of  the  r omtnissioners  of  the  department 
'if  docks,  of  the  department  of  parks,  of 
the  department  of  highways,  and  of  the  de- 
partment of  street  cleaning,  when  called 
upon  by  the  department  of  buildings  to 
co-operate,  to  provide  a suitable  and  con- 
venient dumping  place  for  the  deposit  of 
such  debris.  In  cane  there  shall  be  in 
the  opinion  of  the  department,  of  build- 
ings. actual  and  Immodlate  danger  of  the 
falling  of  any  building  or  part  thereof  so 
aa  to  endanger  life  or  property,  said  de- 
partment shall  eauae  the  necessary  work 
to  he  done  to  render  aald  building  or  part 
thereof  temporarily  safe  until  the  proper 
proceedings  can  bo  taken  aa  in  the  case  j 
of  an  unsafe  building  as  provided  for  In 
this  code.  The  department  of  buildings 
Is  hereby  a ut  ho  r I zed  snd  empowered  In  | 
such  cases,  and  also  where  any  building  1 
or  part  thereof  has  fallen,  and  life  Is  ' 
endangered  hy  the  occupation  thereof,  to  ; 
ord»r  and  require  the  Inmates  and  occu- 
pants of  su<h  building  or  part  thereof  <o 
vs.  ale  the  same  forthwith,  and  said  do» 
panment  may,  w-hen  necessary  for  the  j 
public  safety,  temporarily  clot*  the  aid*-  , 
walk*  and  streets  adjacent  to  su<  h build- j 
Ing  or  part  thereof,  and  prohibit  the 
same  from  hemg  used  aod  the  police  de- 
partment, when  called  upon  hy  the  said 
department  of  buildings  !o  co-operai* 
shall  enforce  such  order*  or  require- 
ment*. For  the  aforesaid  purpoiea  Ujs 


said  fire  department,  or  the  depart- 
ment of  buildings,  as  the  case  may  be, 
shall  employ  such  laborers  and  materials 
as  may  be  necessary  to  perform  said  work 
as  speedily  as  possible. 

Sec.  157A.  In  case  there  shall  be,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  borough  president  or  su- 
perintendent of  buildings  in  any  borough 
having  jurisdiction,  danger  to  life  or 
property  by  reason  of  any  defective  or 
illegal  work,  or  work  in  violation  of  or 
not  in  compliance  with  any  of  the  pro- 
visions or  requirements  of  this  code,  the 
said  borough  president  or  superintendent 
of  buildings  or  such  person  as  may  be 
designated  by  him  shall  have  the  right 
and  he  is  hereby  authorized  and  empow- 
ered to  order  all  further  work  to  be 
stopped  in  and  about  said  building  and  to 
require  all  persons  in  and  about  said 
building  forthwith  to  vacate  the  same, 
and  to  cause  such  work  to  be  done  in  and 
about  the  building  as  in  his  judgment 
may  be  necessary  to  remove  any  danger 
therefrom.  And  said  borough  president 
or  superintendent  of  buildings  may,  when 
necessary  for  the  public  safety,  tempor- 
arily close  the  sidewalks  and  the  streets 
adjacent  to  said  building,  or  part  thereof, 
and  the  police  department,  when  called 
upon  by  the  said  borough  president  or 
superintendent  of  buildings  to  co-op- 
erate, shall  enforce  such  orders  or  re- 
quirements. 

Adopted  by  the  board  of  aldermen,  May 
31.  1904. 

Approved  by  the  mayor,  June  7,  1904. 


PART  XXXIII. 

FI  Ml  FOR  USE  AND  BENEFIT  OF 
THE  DEPARTMENT  OF  BUILDINGS. 

Sec.  158.  The  corporation  counsel  shall 
sue  for  and  collect  all  penalties  and  take 
charge  of  and  conduct  all  legal  proceed- 
ings imposed  or  provided  for  by  thl» 
code;  and  all  suits  or  proceedings  insti- 
tuted for  the  enforcement  of  any  of  the 
several  provisions  of  the  preceding  sec- 
tions of  this  code  or  for  the  recovery  of 
any  penalty  thereunder  shall  be  brought 
in  the  name  of  Tho  City  of  New  York, 
by  the  corporation  counsel,  to  whom  all 
notices  of  violation  shall  be  returned  for 
prosecution,  and  it  shall  be  his  duty  to 
take  charge  of  the  prosecution  of  all  such 
suits  or  proceedings,  collect  and  receive 
all  moneys  that  may  be  collected  upon 
judgments,  suits  or  proceedings  so  insti- 
tuted, or  which  may  bo  paid  by  any  par- 
ties who  have  violated  any  of  the  pro- 
visions of  this  code  and  upon  settlement 
of  judgment  and  removal  of  violations 
thereunder,  execute  satisfaction  therefor. 
He  shall  on  the  first  day  of  each  and 
every  month  render  to  each  commissioner 
of  buildings  an  account  of  and  pay  over 
to  the  commissioner  having  jurisdiction, 
the  amount  of  such  penalties  and  costa 
received  by  him  together  with  his  bill  for 
all  necessary  disbursements  incurred  or 
paid  In  said  suits,  keeping  a separate  ac- 
count for  each  commissioner,  and  each 
commissioner  shall  pay  over  monthly  the 
amount  of  such  penalties  and  costs  so  col- 
lected to  the  comptroller  of  The  City  of 
New  York  as  a fund  for  the  use  and 
benefit  of  the  department  of  buildings 
for  tho  purpose  of  paying  any  expense  In- 
curred hy  said  department,  under  section 
one  hundred  and  fifty-seven  of  this  cods, 
and  also  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  into 
effect  any  order  or  precept.  Issued  by  any 
court,  or  Judge  or  Justus  thereof,  In  this 
coda  named,  to  any  commissioner  of  build- 
ings. and  upon  the  requisition  of  the  com- 
missioner of  buildings  having  jurisdiction, 
said  comptroller  shall  pay  such  sum  or 
sums  as  may  be  allowed  and  adjusted  by 
an  r ot  record,  or  a judge  or  Justins 
■ •'  foi  such  purposaa,  aa  far  aa  th* 

in. iv  be  In  his  hands.  A separata 
» >ii ,i i «h»tl  be  kept  by  tha  comptroller 
of  ih»  niuuevs  paid  to  blrn  by  each  com- 
• m.ssicuer.  and  uu  such  moneys  shall  be 


52 


BUILDING  VND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


paid  for  such  purposes  to  any  of  said 
commissioners  except  from  die  account 
of  the  funds  received  from  h,m. 

PART  XXXIV. 

SEAL.  OFFICERS  OF  DEPARTMENT 
MAY  ENTER  BUILDINGS. 

Seal. 

Sec.  159.  The  board  of  buildings  may 
mdopt  a seal  and  direct  its  use  in  the 
department  of  buildiugs. 

Officer*  of  Department  May  Enter 
Building;*. 

Sec.  160.  All  the  officials  of  the  depart- 
ment of  buildings,  so  far  as  it  may  be 
, necessary  for  the  performance  of  their 
respective  duties,  have  the  right  io  enter 
any  building  or  premises  in  said  city, 
upon  showing  their  badge  of  office. 


PART  XXXV. 

EXISTING  SUITS  AND  LIABILITIES. 
INVALIDITY  OF'  ONE  SECTION 
NOT  TO  INVALIDATE  ANY 
OTHER. 

Existing;  Snlts  and  Liabilities. 

Sec.  161.  Nothing  in  this  code  con- 
tained shall  be  construed  to  affect  any 
suit  or  proceeding  now  pending  in  any 
court,  or  any  rights  acquired,  or  liability 
incurred,  nor  any  cause  or  causes  of  ac- 
tion accrued  or  existing,  under  any  act 
or  ordinance  repealed  hereby.  Nor  shall 
any  right  or  remedy  of  any  character  be 
lost,  impaired  or  affected  by  this  code. 

Invalidity  of  One  Section  Not  to  In- 
validate Any  Otlier. 

Sec.  162.  The  invalidity  of  any  section 
or  provision  of  this  code  shall  not  in- 


validate any  other  section  or  provision 
thereof. 

PART  XXXVI. 

ORDINANCES  REPEALED.  DATE 
WHEN  ORDINANCE  TAKES 
EFFECT. 

Repealing  Section. 

Sec.  163.  All  ordinances  of  the  former 
municipal  and  public  corporations  con- 
solidated into  The  City  of  New  York 
affecting  or  relating  to  the  construction, 
alteration  or  removal  of  buildings  or  other 
! structures,  and  all  other  ordinances  or 
parts  thereof  inconsistent  herewith  aro 
hereby  repealed. 

Date  When  Ordinance  is  to  Take 
Effect. 

Sec.  164.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect 
sixty  days  after  its  approval  by  the  mayor. 


Rules  and  Regulations  for  Plumbing,  Drainage,  Water  Supply  and  Ventilation  of 

Buildings. 


NOTE — Matter  underlined  applie*  to  i 
Brooklyn,  bnt  not  to  Munhatlan. 
Matter  in  brocket*  applies  to  Man- 
hattan, hut  not  to  Brooklyn.  Unless 
otherwise  Indicated,  regulations  ap- 
ply lo  botli  Brooklyn  and  Manliat- 
tu  ii  . 


FILINGS  OF  DRAWINGS.  DESCRIP 
AVON'S,  ETC. 


1.  Drawings  and  triplicate  descrip- 
tions, on  forms  furnished  by  the  bureau 
of  buildings  for  all  plumbing  and  drain- 
age, shall  be  filled  in  with  ink  and  filed 
by  the  owner  or  architect  in  the  said 
bureau.  The  plans  must  be  drawn  to 
scale  in.  ink,  on  cloth,  or  they  must  be 
cloth  prints  of  such  scale  drawings,  and 
shall  consist  of  such  floor  plaus  and  sec- 
tions as  may  be  necessary  to  show  clear- 
ly all  plumbing  work  to  be  done,  and 
must  show  partitions  and  method  of  ven- 
tilating water  closet  apartments. 

2.  The  said  plumbing  and  drainage 

• hall  not  be  commenced  or  proceeded 
with  until  said  drawings  and  descriptions 
shall  have  been  so  filed  and  approved  by 
the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

3.  No  modification  of  the  approved 
drawings  and  descriptions  will  be  per- 
mitted unless  either  amended  drawings 
and  triplicate  descriptions  or  an  amend- 
ment to  the  original  drawtngs  and  de- 
scriptions. covering  the  proposed  change 
or  changes,  are  so  filed  and  approved  by 
the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

4.  The  drainage  and  plumbing  of  all  ! 
buildings,  both  public  and  private,  shall  j 
be  executed  in  accordance  with  the  rules 

• nd  regulations  of  the  bureau  of  build- 
ings. 

5.  Repairs  or  alterations  of  plumbing 
or  drainage  may  be  made  without  filing 
drawings  and  descriptions  in  the  bureau 
of  buildings,  but  such  repairs  or  altera- 
tions shall  not  be  construed  to  include  ! 
cases  where  new  vertical  or  horizontal  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 
lines  of  soil,  waste,  vent  or  leader  pipes  ! 
are  proposed  to  be  used. 

6.  Notice  of  such  repairs  or  alterations 
shall  be  given  to  the  said  bureau  before 
the  same  are  commenced  in  such  cases  as 
shall  be  prescribed  by  the  rules  and  regu-  j 
lations  of  the  said  bureau,  and  the  work 
shall  be  done  In  accordance  with  the  said 
rules  and  regulations. 

7.  Where  repairs  or  alterations  or- 
dered by  the  board  of  health  for  sanitary  : 
reasons  include  cases  where  new  vertical  I 


and  horizontal  lines  of  soil,  waste,  vent 
or  leader  pipes  are  proposed  to  be  used 
or  old  ones  replaced,  drawings  and  de- 
scriptions must  be  filed  with  and  ap- 
proved by  the  superintendent  of  build- 
ings before  the  same  shall  he  commenced 
or  proceeded  with. 

8.  Repairs  and  alterations  may  comply 
in  all  respects  with  the  weight,  quality, 
arrangement  and  venting  of  the  rest  of 
the  work  in  the  building. 

9.  It  shall  not  be  lawful  to  commence 
work  on  said  plumbing  and  drainage  or  on 
any  part  thereof  until  the  plumber  who 
is  to  do  the  work  shall  sign  the  speci- 
fications and  make  affidavit  that  he  is 
duly  authorized  to  proceed  with  the  work. 
Affidavit  must  give  the  name  and  address 
of  owner  and  plumber,  etc. 

10.  One  set  of  spe .ideations  will  be  re- 
ceived for  not  more  than  ten  houses,  and 
then  only  when  on  adjoining  lots  and 
houses  are  exactly  alike. 

11.  Written  notices  must  be  given  to 
the  superintendent  of  buildings  by  the 
plumber  when  any  work  is  begun,  and 
from  time  lo  time  when  any  work  is 
ready  for  inspection.  All  notices  re- 
quired must  be  sent  in  on  blank  forms 
furnished  by  the  bureau  of  buildings. 


II. 

DEFINITION  OF  TERMS. 

12.  The  term  “private  sewer”  is  ap- 
plied to  main  sewers  that  are  not  con- 
structed by  and  under  the  supervision  of 
the  bureau  of  sewers. 

13.  The  term  "house  sewer”  is  applied 
to  that  part  of  the  main  drain  or  sewer 
extending  from  a point  two  feet  outside 
of  the  outer  wall  of  the  building,  vault 
or  area,  to  its  connection  with  public 
sewer,  private  sewer  or  cesspool. 

14.  The  term  “house  drain”  is  applied 
to  that  part  of  the  main  horizontal  drain 
and  its  branches  inside  the  walls  of  the 
building,  vault  or  area,  and  extending  to 
and  connecting  with  the  house  sewer. 

15.  The  term  “soil-pipe”  is  applied  to 
any  vertical  line  of  pipe  extending 
through  roof,  receiving  the  discharge  of 
one  or  more  water-closets,  with  or  with- 
out other  fixtures. 

16.  Tne  term  "waste-pipe"  is  applied 
to  any  pipe,  extending  through  roof,  re- 
ceiving the  discharge  from  any  fixture* 
except  water-closets. 

17.  The  term  "vent-pipe”  Is  applied  to 
any  special  pipe  provided  to  ventilate  the 
system  of  piping  and  to  prevent  trap  sl- 
phonage  and  back  pressure. 


III. 

MATERIALS  AND  WORKMANSHIP. 

18.  All  materials  must  be  of  the  best 
quality,  free  from  defects,  and  all  work 

| must  be  executed  in  a thorough,  work- 
j manlike  way. 

19.  All  cast-iron  pipes  and  fittings 
j must  be  uncoated,  sound,  cylindrical  and 
j smooth,  free  from  cracks,  sand  holes  and 

other  defects,  and  of  uniform  thickness 
I and  of  the  grade  known  in  commerce  as 
"extra  heavy.” 

20.  Pipe,  including  the  hub,  shall 
weigh  not  less  th’an  the  following  aver- 
age weights  per  linear  foot: 

Weights  per 


Diameters.  linear  foot. 

2 inches  5>4  pounds 

3 inches  gi£ 

4 inches  13  •• 

5 inches  17  •« 

G inches  20  ” 

7 inches  27  ” 

S inches  33i£ 

iO  inches  45  “ •• 

12  inches  54  •• 


21.  The  size,  weight  and  maker’s  name 
must  be  cast  on  each  length  of  the  pipe. 

22.  All  joints  must  be  made  with  picked 
oakum  and  molten  lead  and  be  made  gas- 
tight.  Twelve  (12)  ounces  of  fine,  soft 
pig  lead  must  be  used  at  each  joint  for 
each  inch  in  the  diameter  of  the  pipe. 

23.  All  wrought-iron  and  steel  pipes 
j must  be  equal  in  quality  to  "standard.” 

and  must  be  properly  tested  by  the  manu- 
jfacturcr.  All  pipe  must  be  lap-welded. 
[No  plain  black  or  uncoated  pipe  will  be 
| permitted. 

24.  Wrought-iron  and  steel  pipes  must 
be  galvanized,  and  each  length  must  have 
the  weight  and  maker's  name  stamped  on 
it. 

25.  Fittings  for  vent-pipes  on  wrought- 
iron  and  steel  DiDes  may  be  the  ordinary 
cast  or  maileablc  steam  and  water  fit- 
ting?. 

26.  Fittings  for  waste  or  soil  and  re- 
J frigerator  waste-pipes  must  be  the  special 
j extra  heavy  cast-iicn  recessed  and 
I threaded  drainage  fittings  with  smooth 

' interior  waterway  and  threads  tapped,  so 
as  to  give  a uniform  grade  to  branch  -s 
1 of  not  less  than  ouc-fonrth  of  an  inch 
per  foot  All  fittings  f ir  wrought-iron  or 
steel  pipes  must  be  galvanized. 

27.  All  joints  to  bo  screwed  Joints 
made  up  with  red  lead,  and  the  burr 
formed  in  cutting  must  be  cnrefully 
reamed  out. 

28.  Short  nipples  on  wrought-iron  or 
J sUel  pipe,  where  the  unthreaded  part  of 
I the  pipe  Is  less  tnnn  one  and  one-half 
I inches  long,  must  bo  of  the  thickness  anil 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


59 


weight  known  as  “extra  heavy”  or  “ex- 
tra strong.” 

29.  The  pipe  shall  i.ot  be  less  than  the 
following  average  thickness  and  weight 


per  linear  foot. 


Diameters. 
I'i  inches  .. 
2 Inches  .... 
Hi  inches  .. 

r.  Inches  

Z‘2  Inches  .. 

4 Inches  

4>.  Inches  .. 

5 inches  . .. 

6 Inches  .... 

T Inches  

8 Inches 

9 Inches  

ID  Inches 

11  Inches  ... 

12  Inches  . . . 


Thick- 

Weights for 

nesses 

linear  f»*»t 

(irclies). 

(pounds). 

.14 

i.6S 

.15 

3 61 

.20 

5 74 

.21 

?.M 

9.00 

.23 

10.66 

.24 

12.34 

14. V 

-2S 

19.16 

.30 

23  27 

.32 

29.  .8 

.34 

33.70 

.36 

4u  06 

.37 

j *i  r»2 

48 

30.  All  brass  pipes  for  soil,  waste  and 
vent  pipes  and  solder  nipples  must  be  [ 
thoroughly  annealed,  seamless.  drawu 
bras.s  tubing,  of  standard  iron-pipe  gauge. 

31.  Connections  on  brass  pipe  and  be- 
tween brass  pipe  and  traps  on  iron  pipe 
must  not  be  made  up  with  slip  joints  or 
couplings.  Threaded  connections  on  brass 
pipe  must  be  of  the  same  size  as  iron- 
pipe  threads  for  same  size  of  pipe,  and 
be  tapered. 

32.  The  following  average  thicknesses 
and  weights  per  linear  foot  will  be  re- 


quired: 

Weights  uer 

Diameter*.  Thicknesses.  linear  foot 

]u  Inches  14  Inches  2.84  pounds 

j ' Inches  13  Inches  3.82  pounds 

31..  inches  20  Inches  8.08  pounds 

3 ■ Inches  21  Inches  7.92  pounds 

!'  . Inches  22  Inches  9 34  pounds 

4 " Inches  23  Inches  11  29  pounds 

4>~  Inches  24  Inches  13.08  pounds 

0 " Inches  23  Inches  13  37  pounds 

* inches  2S  Inches  19  88  pounds 


33.  Brass  ferrules  must  be  best  quality. 


bell-shaped,  extra  heavy  cast  brass,  not  j 
less  than  four  inches  long  and  two  and  ( 
one-quarter,  three  and  one-half  inches, 
and  four  and  one-half  inches  in  diameter, 
and  not  less  than  the  following  weights:  I 


Diameters.  r Weights. » ( 

;c4  Inches  1 pound  u ounces 

Sl.  ln*he»  1 pound  12  ounce*  • 

4«r  Inches  2 pMUndc  8 ounce*  | 

34.  One  and  one  half  Inch  ferrules  are  j 
not  permitted. 

35.  Soldering  nipples  must  be  heavy  cast 
brass  or  of  orass  pipe,  iron  pipe  size. 
When  cast  they  must  not  be  less  than 

the  following  weights: 

Diameters.  , Weights. , 

1'3  Inches  0 pounds  8 ounces  : 

2 Inches  9 pound*  14  ounces 

tti  Inches  1 pound  6 ounces 

t " In'  hes  S pounds  0 

4 Inches  8 pounds  8 ounces 

3C.  Brass  screw  caps  for  cleanouts  must 
be  extra  heavy,  not  less  than  one-eighth 
of  an  Inch  thick.  The  screw  cap  must 
have  a iolld  square  or  hexagonal  nut.  not  i 
less  than  one  Inch  high,  with  a least 
diameter  of  one  and  one-half  Inches.  The 
body  of  the  cleanout  ferrule  must  be  at 
least  equal  in  weight  and  thickness  to  the 
calking  ferrule  for  the  same  size  of  pipe. 

37.  Where  cleanouts  are  required  by 
rules  and  by  the  approved  plans,  fh<- 
screw  cap  must  be  of  brass  The  engag- 
ing parts  must  have  not  less  than  six 
threads  of  Iron  pipe  size  and  be  tapered. 

Cleanouts  must  be  of  full  size  of  trap 
up  to  four  Inches  In  diameter,  and  nut 
less  than  four  Inches  for  larger  traps. 

38.  The  use  of  lead  pipes  Is  restricted 
to  the  short  Lrunches  of  the  soil  and 
waste  pipes,  bends  and  traps,  and  roof 
connections  of  Inside  leaders.  “Short 
branches"  of  lead  pipe  to  be  construed  to 
mean  not  more  than: 

5 feet  of  1V4  Inch  pipe. 

4 feet  of  2 Inch  pipe. 

2 feet  of  3-tnch  pipe. 

2 feet  of  4-lnch  pipe. 

39.  All  connections  between  lead  pipes 
and  between  brass  or  copper  pipes  must 
be  made  by  means  of  wiped  soldered 
Joints,  and  all  floor  flanges  of  all  sani- 
tary fixtures  and  all  connections  between 
said  fixtures  and  waste  or  soil  pipes, 
where  said  connections  are  on  outlet  or 


sewer  side  of  trap,  shall  be  made  with 
strong  and  carefully  prepared  red  lead 
putty. 

40.  All  lead  waste  soil,  vent  and  flush 
pipes  must  be  of  the  best  quality,  known 
in  commerce  as  “D,”  and  of  not  less  than 
the  following  weights  per  linear  foot: 

Weights  per 
linear  foot- 


Hi  Inches  (for  flush  pipes  only) 2>A  pounds 

R4  Inches  3 pounds 

2 Inches  4 pounds 

3 inches  6 pounds 

4 and  4H  inches  8 pounds 


41.  All  lead  traps  and  bends  must  be  of 
the  same  weight  and  thickness  as  their 
corresponding  pipe  branches.  Sheet  le..d 
for  roof  flashings  must  be  six-pound  lead 
and  must  extend  not  less  than  six  inches 
from  the  pipe  and  the  Joint  made  water- 
tight. 

42.  Copper  tubing  when  used  for  inside 
leader  roof  connections  must  be  seam- 
less drawn  tubing,  not  less  than  22-gauge, 
and  when  used  for  roof  flashings  must  not 
be  less  than  18-gauge. 


IV. 

CK\  MR  A I,  REGULATIONS. 

43.  The  entire  plumbing  and  drainage 
system  of  each  building  must  be  entire- 
ly separate  and  independent  of  that  of 
any  other  building. 

44.  Each  building  must  be  separately 
and  Independently  connected  with  a pub- 
lic or  private  sewer,  or  cesspool. 

45.  Every  building  must  have  its  sewer 
connections  directly  in  front  of  the  build- 
ing, unless  permission  is  otherwise  grant- 
ed by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

46.  Where  there  is  no  sewer  in  the 
street  or  avenue,  and  it  is  possible  to 
construct  a private  sewer  to  connect  in 
an  adjacent  street  or  avenue,  a private 
sewer  must  be  constructed.  It  must  be 
laid  outside  the  curb,  under  the  road- 
way of  the  street. 

47.  Cesspools  and  privy-vaults  will  be 
permitted  only  after  it  has  been  shown 
to  the  satisfaction  of  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  that  their  use  is  absolutely 
necessary. 

48.  When  allowed,  they  must  be  con- 
structed strictly  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  the  permit  issued  by  the  super- 
intendent of  buildings. 

49.  Cesspools  must  not  be  used  as 
privy- vaults.  Cesspools  and  privy- vaults 
must  be  at  least  twenty-five  feet  from 
any  building  and  should  be  on  the  same 
lot  with  the  building  for  which  its  use 
Is  Intended.  Cesspools  and  privy- vaults, 
when  constructed  of  brick,  must  be  eight 
Inches  thick;  of  stone,  twenty  inches 
thick. 

50.  All  cesspools  and  privy-vaults  must 
be  made  water-tight. 

51.  As  soon  as  It  Is  possible  to  con- 
nect with  a public  sewer  the  owner  must 
have  the  cesspool  and  privy-vault 
emptied,  cleaned  and  disinfected  and  Ailed 
with  fresh  earth,  and  have  a sewer  con- 
nection made  in  the  manner  herewith 
prescribed. 

52.  All  pipe  lines  must  be  supported  at 
the  base  on  brick  piers  or  by  heavy  Iron 
hangers  from  the  cellar-ceiling  beans, 
and  along  the  line  by  heavy  Iron  hang- 
ers at  intervals  of  not  mure  than  ten 
feet. 

53.  All  pipes  Issuing  from  extension 
or  elsewhere,  which  would  otherwise 
open  within  thirty  feet  of  the  window  of 
any  building,  must  be  extended  above 
the  highest  roof  and  well  away  and  above 
all  windows. 

64.  The  arrangement  of  all  pipes  must  j 
be  as  siralght  and  dlroet  as  possible. 
Offsets  will  bo  permitted  only  when  un- 
avoidable. 

66.  All  pipes  and  traps  should,  where 
possible,  be  exposed  lo  view  They 
should  always  hn  readily  accessible  for 
Inspection  and  repairing. 

56.  In  every  building  where  there  Is  a 
leader  connected  to  the  drain.  If  ther" 
are  nny  plumbing  fixtures,  there  must 
he  at  least  one  four  (4)  Inch  pipe  ex- 
tending above  the  roof  for  vcnlllatlon. 


V. 

YARD,  AREA  AND  OTHER  DRAINS, 

57.  All  yards,  areas  aud  courts  must  be 
drained. 

5S.  Lodging  houses  must  have  their 
j yards,  areas  and  courts  drained  into  ths 
sewer. 

59.  These  drains,  when  sewer  connec- 
ted. must  have  connections  not  less  than 
three  inches  in  diameter.  They  should  be 
controlled  by  one  trap— the  leader  trap 
if  possible. 

60.  Cellar  drains  will  be  permitted  only 
where  they  can  be  connected  to  a trap 
with  a permanent  tvater  seal. 

61.  Subsoil  drains  should  discharge  in- 
to a sump  or  receiving  tank,  the  con- 
tents of  which  must  be  lifted  and  dis- 
charged into  the  drainage  system  above 
the  cellar  bottom  by  some  approved 
method.  Where  directly  sewer  connected 
they  most  be  cut  off  from  the  real  of 
the  plumbing  system  by  a brass  w 
valve  on  the  inlet  to  the  catch-basin,  ac.4 
the  trap  on  the  drain  from  the  catch- 
basin  must  be  water  supplied,  as  re- 
quired for  cellar  drains. 

62.  Floor  or  other  drains  will  only  be 
permitted  when  it  can  be  shown  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  superintendent  of 
buildings  that  their  use  is  absolutely 
necessary  and  arrangements  made  te 
maintain  a permanent  water  seal  in  the 
traps. 

VI. 

LEADERS. 

63.  All  buildings  shall  be  kept  provided 
with  proper  metallic  leaders  for  conduct- 
ing water  from  the  roofs  in  such  manner 
as  shall  protect  the  walls  and  founda- 
tions of  said  buildings  from  injury.  In 
no  case  shall  the  water  from  said  lead- 
ers be  allowed  to  flow  upon  the  sidewalk, 
but  the  same  shall  be  conducted  by  pipe 
or  pipes  to  the  sewer,  if  there  be  uo 
sewer  in  the  street  upon  which  such 
buildings  front,  then  the  water  from  said 
leader  shall  be  conducted  by  proper  pipe 
or  pipes  below  the  surface  of  the  side- 
walk to  the  street  gutter. 

64.  Inside  leaders  must  be  made  of 
cast  iron,  wrought  iron  or  steel,  with 
roof  connections  made  gas  and  water 
tight  by  means  of  a heavy  lead  or  cop- 
per-drawn tubing  wiped  or  soldered  to  a 
brass  ferrule  or  uipple  calked  or  screwed 
into  the  pipe. 

65.  Outside  leaders  may  be  of  sheet 
metal,  but  they  must  connect  with  the 

j house-drain  by  means  of  a cast  Iron  pipe 
I extending  vertically  five  feet  above  grad* 
i level. 

66.  Leaders  must  be  trapped  with  cast 
Iron  running  traps  so  placed  as  to  pre- 
vent freezing. 

67.  Kaln  water  leaders  must  not  be 
used  as  soil,  waste  or  vent  pipes,  nor 
shall  any  such  pipe  be  used  us  a leader. 

VII. 

THE  IIOl  SE  SEWER,  HOI  SE  DRA1 V, 
IIOI  »I0  TRAP  AND  FRESH-AIR 
INLET. 

68.  Old  house  sewers  cun  be  used  in 
comic*  lion  with  the  new  buildings  or  new 
plumping  only  when  they  are  found,  on 
exnmlnatlon  by  the  plumbing  Inspector, 
to  conform  In  ail  respects  to  the  require- 
ments governing  new  sewers. 

69.  When  a proper  foundation,  consist- 
ing of  a natural  bed  of  earth,  rock,  etc., 
can  be  obtained,  the  house  sewer  cau  be 
of  earthenware  pipe. 

70.  Where  tho  ground  Is  made  or 
filled  In.  or  where  the  pipes  are  legs 
lhan  three  feet  deep,  or  In  any  case 
where  there  Is  danger  of  settlement  by 
frost  or  from  any  cause,  and  when  cess- 
pools are  used,  the  house  sewer  must  be 
>f  extra  heavy  cast-iron  pipe,  with  lead- 

sliced  Joints. 

71.  The  house  drain  and  Its  branchos 
must  be  of  extra  heavy  east-iron,  whea 
underground,  and  of  extra  heavy  cast- 


54 


«9*5  * AtjJAdW 

BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


Iron  or  galvanized  wrought-iron  or  aieel 
when  above  ground. 

72.  The  house  drain  must  properly 
connect  with  the  house  sewer  at  a point 
two  feet  outside  of  the  outer  front  vault 
or  area  wall  of  the  building.  An  arched 
or  other  proper  opening  must  be  pro- 
vided for  the  drain  in  the  wall  to  pre- 
vent damage  by  settlement. 

73.  If  possible,  the  house  drain  must 
be  above  the  cellar  floor.  The  house 
drain  must  be  supported  at  intervals  of 
ten  feet  by  eight-inch  brick  piers  or  sus- 
pended from  the  floor  beams,  or  be  other- 
wise properly  supported  by  heavy  iron 
pipe  hangers  at  intervals  of  not  more  than 
ten  feet.  The  use  of  pipe  hooks  for  sup- 
porting pipe  drains  is  prohibited. 

74.  No  steam-exhaust,  boiler  blow-off 
or  drip  pipe  shall  be  connected  with  the 
house  drain  or  sewer.  Such  pipes  must  first 
discharge  into  a proper  condensing  tank, 
and  from  this  a proper  outlet  to  the 
house  sewer  outside  of  the  building  must 
be  provided.  In  low  pressure  steam  sys- 
tems the  condensing  tank  may  be 
omitted,  but  the  waste  connection  must 
be  otherwise  as  above  required. 

75.  The  house  drain  and  house  sewer 
must  be  run  as  direct  as  possible,  with  a 
fall  of  at  least  one-quarter  inch  per  foot, 
all  changes  in  direction  made  with  prop- 
er fittings,  and  all  connections  made  with 
Y branches  and  one-eighth  and  one-six- 
teenth bends. 

76.  The  house  sewer  and  house  drain 
must  be  at  least  fou*  inches  in  diameter  t 
where  water-closets  discharge  into  them. 
Where  rain  water  discharges  iuto  them 
the  house  sewer  and  house  drain  up  to 
the  leader  connections  must  be  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  following  table: 


s 

7 

8 
S 


Diameters. 

inches 

Inches  ... 
Inches  ... 
Inches  ... 


Fall 

Fall  U-in.  per  ft.  (sq 
(sq.  ft.) 

5,00ft 

t!.90i) 

9,100 

11,600 


ti-in.  per  ft. 

. "ft.  drainage 
of  area). 
7.500 
10.300 
13,600 
17,400 


77.  Full  size  Y and  T branch  fittings 
for  handhole  cleanouts  must  be  provided 
where  required  on  house  drain  and  its 
branches. 

78.  An  iron  running  trap  must  be  placed 
on  the  house  drain  near  the  wall  of  the 
house,  and  on  the  sewer  side  of  all  con- 
nections, except  a drip-pipe  where  one 
is  used.  If  placed  outside  the  house  or 
below  the  cellar  floor,  it  must  be  made 
accessible  in  a brick  manhole,  the  walls! 
of  which  must  be  eight  inches  thick,  with 
an  iron  or  flagstone  cover.  When  outside 
the  house  it  must  never  be  less  than  three  ! 
feet  below  the  surface  of  the  ground.  I 

T'he  house  trap  must  have  two  cleanouts' 
with  brass  screw  cap  ferrules  calked  in.  i 

79.  A fresh  air  inlet  must  extend  to  the 
outer  air,  and  open  into  the  side  of  a box 
not  less  than  eighteen  inches  squire, 
jlaced  below  the  sidewalk  at  the  curb. 
The  bottom  of  the  box  must  be  eighteen 
inches  below  the  under  side  of  the  fresh 
air  inlet  pipe.  The  box  may  be  of  cast 
iron  or  it  may  be  constructed  with  eight-  i 
Inch  walls  of  brie.,  or  flagstone  laid  in 
hydraulic  cement.  The  box  must  be  cov- 
ered by  a flagstone  fitted  with  removable  j 
metal  grating,  leaded  into  the  stone,  hav- 
ing openings  equal  in  area  to  the  area  of j 
'he  fresh  air  inlet,  and  not  less  than  one- 
half  inch  in  their  least  dimension.  The 
fresh  air  inlet  must  be  of  the  same  size  as 
the  drain  up  to  four  inches;  for  five-inch 
and  six-inch  drain  it  must  not  be  less 
than  four  inches  in  diameter;  for  seven- 
inch  an^  eight-inch  drains  not  less  than 
six  inches  in  diameter,  and  for  larger 
drains  not  less  than  eight  inches  in  di- 
ameter. the  removable  portion  of  grate 
to  be  at  least  eight  by  twelve  inches  in  j 
area.  ,, 

> * 

. * VIII. 


SOU.  AND  WASTE  PIPES. 

80.  All  main,  soil,  waste  or  vent  pipes 
must  be  of  iron,  steel  or  brass. 

81.  When  they  receive  the  discharge  of 
fixtures  on  any  floor  above  the  first,  they 
must  he  extended  in  full  •■nl'hei'  at  ien®r 


one  foot  above  the  roof  coping,  and  well 
away  from  all  shafts,  chimneys,  windows 
or  other  ventilating  openings.  When  less 
than  four  inches  In  diameter,  they  must 
be  enlarged  to  four  inches  at  a point  not 
less  than  one  foot  below  the  roof  surface 
by  an  increaser  not  less  than  nine  (9) 
inches  long. 

82.  No  caps,  cowls  or  bends  shall  be 
affixed  to  the  top  of  such  pipe. 

83.  In  lodging-houses  wire  baskets 
must  be  securely  fastened  into  the  open- 
ing of  each  pipe  that  is  in  an  accessible 
position. 

84.  Necessary  offsets  above  the  highest 
fixture  branch  must  not  be  made  at  an 
angle  of  less  than  45  degrees  to  the 
horizontal. 

85.  Soil  and  waste  pipes  must  have 
proper  Y branches  for  all  fixture  connec- 
tions. 

86.  No  connection  to  lead  branches  for 
water-closets  or  slop  sinks  will  be  per- 
mitted, except  the  required  branch  vent. 

87  Branch  soil  and  waste  pipe  must 
have  a fall  of  at  least  one -quarter  inch 
per  foot. 

88.  Short  TY  branches  will  be  premitted 
on  vertical  lines  only.  Long  one-quarter 
bends  and  long  TYs  are  permitted.  Short 
one-quarter  bends  and  double  hubs,  short 
roof  increasers  and  common  offsets,  and 
bands  and  saddles  are  prohibited. 

89.  The  diameters  of  soil  and  waste 
pipes  must  not  be  less  than  those  given 
in  the  following  tables; 

Inches. 


Main  soil  pipes  4 

Main  soil  pipes  for  water  closets  on  five  or 

more  floors  5 

Branch  soil  pipes  4 


Main  waste  pipes  2 

Main  waste  pipes  for  kitchen  sinks  on  five 

or  more  floors  3 

Branch  waste  pipes  for  laundry  tubs 1’* 

When  set  in  ranges  of  three  or  more 2 

Branch  waste  for  kitchen  sinks  2 

Branch  waste  for  urinals  2 

Branch  uste  for  other  fixtures.. 1’i 


IX. 

\ EXT- PIPES. 

90.  All  traps  must  be  protected  from 
syphonage  and  back  pressure,  and  the 
drainage  system  ventilated  by  special 
lines  of  vent-pipes. 

91.  All  vent-pipe  lines  and  main 
branches  must  be  of  iron,  steel  or  brass. 
They  must  be  increased  in  diameter  and 
extended  above  tlie  roof  as  required  for 
waste-pipes.  They  may  be  connected 
with  the  adjoining  soil  or  waste  line  well 
above  the  highest  fixture,  but  this  will 
not  be  permitted  when  there  are  fixtures 
on  more  than  six  floors. 

92.  All  offsets  must  be  made  at  an  angle 
of  not  less  than  forty-five  degrees  to  the 
horizontal,  and  all  lines  must  be  con- 
nected at  the  bottom  with  soil  or  waste- 
pipe  or  the  drain  in  such  a manner  as  to 
prevent  the  accumulation  of  rust  seals. 

9".  Branch  vent-pipes  should  be  kept 
above  the  top  of  all  connecting  fixtures, 
to  prevent  the  use  of  vent-pipes  as  soil  or 
waste-pipes.  Braneh*vent-pipes  should 
be  connected  as  near  to  the  crown  of  the 
trap  as  possible. 

94.  Earthenware  traps  for  water-closets 
and  slop  sinks  must  be  ventilated  from 
the  branch  soil  or  waste-pipe  just  below 
the  trap,  and  this  branch  vent-pine  must 
be  so  connected  as  to  prevent  obstruction, 
and  no  waste-pipe  connected  between  it 
and  the  fixture.  Earthenware  tr-ps  nuts, 
have  no  vent-horns. 

95.  No  sheet  metal,  brick  or  other  flue 
shall  be  used  as  a vent-pipe. 

96.  The  sizes  of  vent-pipes  throughout 
must  not  be  less  than  the  following: 

For  main  vents  and  long  branches,  two 
inches  in  diameter;  for  water-closets  on 
three  or  more  floors,  three  inches  in  di- 
ameter; for  other  fixtures  on  less  than 
seven  floors,  two  inches  in  diameter; 
three-inch  vent-pipe  will  be  permitted  for 
less  than  nine  stories,  for  more  than  eight 
and  less  than  sixteen  stories,  four  inches 
in  diameter;  for  more  than  fifteen  and 
less  than  twenty-two  stories,  five  Inches 
in  diameter;  for  more  than  twenty-one 
«*l\  iiu>lip«  in  1 n A|*  j branch 


vents  for  traps  larger  than  two  inches, 
two  inches  in  diameter;  branch  vents  for 
traps  two  inches  or  less,  one  and  one- 
half  inches  in  diameter. 

For  fixtures  other  than  water-closets 
and  slop-sinks  and  for  more  than  eight 
(8)  stories,  vent-pipes  may  be  one  4.1) 
.inch  smaller  than  above  stated. 


X. 

TRAPS. 

97.  No  form  of  trap  will  be  permitted  to 
be  used  unless  it  has  been  approved  by 
the  bureau  of  buildings,  and  no  masocs* 
cesspool,  bell,  pot,  bottle  or  D-trap  will 
be  permitted,  nor  any  form  of  trap  that 
is  not  self-cleaning  nor  has  interior 
chamber  or  mechanism,  nor  any  trap,  ex- 

j cept  earthenware  ones,  that  depend  upon 
| interior  partitions  for  a seal. 

98.  Every  fixture  must  be  separately 
trapped  by  a water-sealing  trap  placed  as 
close  to  the  fixture  outlet,  as  possible. 

99.  A set  of  wash  trays  may  connect 
, with  a single  trap,  or  into  the  trap  of  an 

adjoining  sink,  provided  both  sink  and  tub 
• waste  outlets  are  on  the  same  side  of  the 
| waste  line,  and  the  sink  is  nearest  the 
j line.  When  so  connected  the  waste-pipe 
from  the  wash  trays  must  be  branched  in 
I below  the  water  seal. 

100.  The  dlsc-h  irge  from  any  fixture 
must  not  pass  through  more  than  on* 

j trap  before  reaching  the  house  drain. 

! 101.  All  traps  must  be  well  supported 

and  set  true  with  respect  to  their  water 
levels. 

102.  All  fixtures  other  than  water-clos- 
ets and  urinals  must  have  strong  me- 
tallic strainers  or  bars  over  the  outlets 
to  prevent  obstruction  of  the  waste- 
pipe. 

103.  All  exposed  or  accessible  traps, 
except  water-closet  traps,  must  have 
brass  trap  screws  for  cleaning  the  trap 
placed  on  the  inlet  side,  or  below  the 
water  level. 

104.  All  iron  traps  for  house  .drain, 
yard  and  other  drains  and  leaders  must 
be  running  traps  with  handhole  ciean- 
outs  of  full  size  of  the  traps  when  the 
same  are  less  than  five  (5)  inches.  All 
traps  underground  must  be  made  acces- 
sible by  brick  manholes  with  proper 

! covers. 

i 105.  Overflow  pipes  from  fixtures  must 
| in  all  cases  be  connected  on  the  inlet 
! side  of  traps. 

I 106.  All  earthenware  traps  must  hav  • 
j heavy  brass  floor  plates  soldered  to  the 
: lead  bends,  or  where  brass  or  iron  pipes 
I are  used,  to  be  screwed  to  the  same  and 
I bolted  to  the  trap  flange  and  the  joint 
j bo  made  gas-tight  with  strong  and  care- 
fully prepared  re  1 lead  putty. 

107.  No  trap  shall  be  placed  at  the  foof 
of  main  soil  and  waste-pipe  lines. 

108.  The  sizes  for  traps  must  not  be  less 
I ihan  those  given  in  the  followingffable: 

Traps  for  water  closers 4 Inches  in  diameter 

I Trat»s  for  slop  sinks 2 inches  in  diameter 

I Traps  for  kiichen  sinks. ...2  Inches  in  diameter 

Traps  for  wash  trays 2 Inches  in  diameter 

■ Traps  for  urinals  7 inches  in  diameter 

| Traps  for  oion.-  fixtures,  ,1k.  inches  in  diameter 

I Traps  fer  leaders,  nejs.  Boor  and  other 
drains  must  lie  at  lens:  2 inches  In  diameter. 


SAFE  \\T)  IlF.FItlfiER ATOR  AV\>»TE- 
1*1  FES. 

109.  Safe  and  refrigerator  wasle-pipes 
must  be  of  galvanized  Iron,  anil  be  not 
less  than  one  and  one-quarter  (11*1 
inches  in  diameter,  with  lead  branches  of 

! the  same  size,  with  strainers  over  the 
! inlets  secured  by  a bar  soldered  to  the 
| lead  branch. 

110.  Safe  w^ste-pipes  must  not  con- 
nect directly  .vith  any  pari  of  the  plumb- 

| !ng  system. 

I 111.  Safe  wnste-plpes  must  either  dis- 
charge over  an  open,  water-aupplied. 
publicly  placed,  ordinarily  used  sink, 
placed  not  morn  than  three  and  one-halt 
feet  above  the  collar  floor. 

lift  The  safe  w ft  ft  l ft  r’l  * from  a re- 


THE  BUILDING  CODE 


55 


frigeraior  [must,  be  trapped  a the  bot- 
tom of  the  line  only  and]  cannot  dis- 
charge  upon  the  ground  or  floor.  It 
must  discharge  over  an  ordinary  portable 
pan,  or  over  some  properly  trapped, 
water-supplied  sink,  as  above.  In  no 
i-ase  shall  the  refrigerator  waste-pine 
discharge  over  a sink  located  in  a room 
used  for  lying  purposes. 

113.  The  branches  on  vertical  lines 
must  be  mad<»  by  Y fittings,  and  be  car- 
ried up  to  the  safe  with  as  much  pitch 
as  possible. 

114.  Lead  safes  must  be  graded  and 
neatly  turned  over  bevel  strips  at  their 
edges. 

115.  Where  there  is  an  offset  on  a re- 
frigerator waste-pipe  in  the  cellar, 
there  must  be  cleanouts  to  control  tho 
horizontal  part  of  the  pipe. 

116.  In  tenement-houses  [lodging- 
houses]  the  refrigerator  waste-pipes  must 
extend  above  the  roof,  and  must  not  be 
larger  than  one  and  one-half  inches,  nor 
the  branches  smaller  than  one  and  one- 
quarter  inches. 

117.  Refrigerator  waste-pipes  [except) 
in  tenement-houses]  and  all  safe  waste- 
pipes,  must  have  brass  flap-valves  at 
their  lower  cuds. 


XII. 

t.  * 

118.  T*  lodging-houses,  factories,  work- 
shops and  all  public  buildings,  the  entire 
water-closet  apartment  and  side  walls  to 
a height  of  six  inches  from  the  floor,  ex- 
cept at  the  door,  must  be  made  water- 
proof with  asphalt,  cement,  tile,  metal 
or  other  waterproof  material  as  approved 
by  the  bureau  of  ouildlngs. 

119.  In  lodging-houses  the  water-closet 
and  urinal  apartments  must  have  a win- 
dow opening  to  the  outer  air;  if  three 
stories  or  less  in  height,  they  may  have 
such  window  opening  on  a ventilating 
shaft  not  less  than  ten  square  feet  In 
area. 

120.  In  all  buildings  the  outside  parti- 
tion of  such  apartment  must  extend  to 
the  celling  or  be  independently  celled 
over,  and  these  partitions  must  bo  air- 
tight. The  outside  partitions  must  include 
a window  opening  to  outer  air  on  the  lot 
whereon  the  bullling  is  situated,  or  some 
other  approved  moans  of  ventilation  must 
be  provided  When  necessary  to  prop-  j 
erly  light  such  apartments,  the  upper 
part  of  the  partitions  must  be  made  of 
glass.  The  interior  partitions  of  such 
apartments  must  be  dwarfed  partitions. 

121.  The  general  water-closet  accom- 
modations for  a [tenement  or]  lodging  J 
house  cannot  be  placed  in  the  cellar. 

122.  No  water-closet  can  be  placed  out-  , 
side  of  a building. 

123.  The  closets  must  be  set  open  and  \ 
free  from  all  Inclosing  woodwork. 

124.  Where  water-closets  will  not  sup- 

port a rim  seat,  the  seat  must  be  sup- 
ported on  galvanized  Iron  legs,  and  a drip  i 
tray  must  be  used.  • 

125.  Every  earthenware  closet  in  all 
new  work  and  In  all  alterations  where  It 
Is  not  impossible  to  use  It  because  of ; 
water-pipes  or  other  obstructions,  must  1 
be  set  on  a natural  stone  slab.  Sand  or' 
artificial  stone  or  tile  will  not  be  allowed. ! 

126.  All  water-closets  must  have  earth- 
enware flushing  rim  bowls.  "Pipe-wash" 
bowls  or  hoppers  will  not  be  permitted.  ( 

127.  Pan,  valve,  plunger,  offaet-wush-  1 
out  and  other  water-closets  having  an 
unventilated  space,  or  whose  walls  are 
not  thoroughly  washed  at  each  discharge, 
will  not  be  permitted. 

128.  Long  hoppers  will  not  be  permit- 
ted, except  where  there  Is  an  exposure  to  I 
frost. 

129.  The  connections  of  traps  must  be 
made  to  main  soil,  waste  or  vent  pipe, 
by  means  of  lead  calked  or  screwed 
joints.  Drip  trays  must  bn  enameled  on 
both  sides  and  secured  In  place. 

130.  In  all  sewer-connected  occupied 
buildings  there  must  be  at  least  one 
water-closet,  and  there  mum  be  add  I 
lional  closets  so  that  there  will  never  be 
more  than  fifteen  persons  pee  closet. 

131.  Iu  lodging-houses  there  must  be 


one  water-closet  on  each  floor,  and  where 
there  are  more  than  fifteen  persons  on 
any  floor  there  must  be  an  additional 
water-closet  on  that  floor  for  every  fifteen 
additional  persons  or  fraction  thereof. 

132.  Water-closets  and  urinals  must 
never  be  connected  directly  with  or 
flushed  from  the  water  supply  pipes. 

133.  Water-closets  and  urinals  must  be 
flushed  from  separate  cisterns  on  each 
floor,  the  water  from  which  is  used  for 
no  other  purpose;  where  flusliometers  are 
used,  they  must  be  supplied  from  sepa- 
rate tanks  provided  for  that  purpose,  and 
in  no  case  are  connections  to  be  made 
direct  with  the  water  service  pipe. 

134.  The  overflow  of  cisterns  may  dis- 
charge into  the  bowls  of  the  closet,  but 
in  no  case  connect  with  any  part  of  the 
drainage  system. 

135.  Iron  water-closet  and  urinal  cis- 
terns and  automatic  water-closet  and 
urinal  cisterns  are  prohibited. 

136.  The  copper  lining  of  water-closet 
and  urinal  cisterns  must  not  be  lighter 
than  ten  (10)  ounces  copper. 

137.  Water-closet  flush-pipes  must  not 
be  less  than  one  and  one-fourth  inches 
and  urinal  flush-pipes  one  (1)  inch  in 
diameter,  and  if  of  lead  must  not  weigh 
less  than  two  and  one-half  pounds  and 
two  pounds  per  linear  foot.  Flush  coup- 
lings must  be  of  full  size  of  the  pipe. 

138.  Latrine’s  trough  water-closets  aud 
similar  appliances  may  be  used  only  on 
written  permit  from  the  superintendent 
of  buildings,  and  must  be  set  and  ar- 
ranged as  may  be  required  by  the  terms 
of  the  permit. 

139.  All  urinals  must  be  constructed  of 
materials  impervious  to  moistures  that  it 
will  not  corrode  under  the  action  of  urine. 
The  floor  and  wall  of  the  urinal  apart- 
ments must  be  lined  with  similar  non- 
absorbent and  non-corrosive  material. 

140.  The  platforms  or  treads  of  urinal 
stalls  must  never  be  connected  inde- 
pendently to  the  plumbing  system,  nor 
can  they  be  connected  to  any  safe  waste- 
pipe. 

141.  Iron  trough  water-closets  and 
trough  urinals  must  be  enameled  or  gal- 
vanized. 

142.  All  [iu  lodging  houses]  sinks  must 
be  entirely  open,  on  iron  legs  or  brackets, 
without  any  inclosing  woodwork. 

143.  Wooden  washtubs  are  prohibited. 
Cement  or  artificial  stone  tubs  will  not  be 
permitted  unless  approved  by  the  bureau 
of  b indings. 

XIII. 

WATER  SUPPLY  FOR  FIXTURES. 

144.  All  water-closets  and  other  plumb- 
ing fixtures  must  be  provided  with  a suffi- 
cient supply  of  water  for  flushing  to  keep 
them  In  a proper  and  cleanly  condition. 

145.  When  the  water  pressure  is  not 
sufficient  to  supply  freely  and  continu- 
ously all  fixtures,  a house  supply  tank 
must  be  provided  of  sufficient  size  to 
afford  an  ample  supply  of  water  to  all 
fixtures  at.  all  times.  Such  tank  must  be  > 
supplied  from  the  pressure  or  by  pumps, 
as  may  be  necessary;  when  from  the 
pressure,  ball-cocks  must  be  provided. 

146.  It  water  pressure  Is  not  sufficient 
to  fill  house-tank,  power  pumps  must  be 
provided  for  filling  them  In  lodging- 
houses,  factories  und  workshops. 

147.  Tanks  must  be  covered  so  us  to  ex- 
clude dust,  and  must  be  so  located  us  to 
prevent  water  contamination  by  gas  and 
odors  from  the  plumbing  fixtures. 

148.  Mouse  supply-tanks  must  be  of 
wood  or  iron  or  of  wood  lined  with  tinned 
and  planished  copper. 

149.  Mouse  tanks  must  be  supported  on 
I Iron  beams. 

150.  The  overflow  pipe  should  discharge  I 
upon  the  roof,  where  possible,  and  In  such 
cases  should  he  brought  down  to  within  i 
six  f6)  Inches  of  the  roof,  or  It  must  be  ] 
trapped  and  discharged  over  an  open  nnd 
vil  r-supplled  ninlt  not  In  the  same 
room,  not  over  2VJ  feet  above  tin*  floor. 

: In  no  case  shall  the  overflow  ho  con- 
I nected  with  any  part,  of  tho  plumbing 
system. 

151.  Emptying  pipes  for  such  tanks  1 
I must  be  provided  and  be  discharged  In  i 


the  manner  required  for  overflow  pipes, 
and  may  be  branched  into  overflow  pipes. 

152.  No  service-pipes  or  supplying- 
pipes  should  be  run,  and  no  tanks,  flush- 
ing cisterns  or  water-supplied  fixtures 
should  be  placed  where  they  would  be 
exposed  to  frost. 

153.  Where  so  placed  they  shall  be 
properly  packed  aud  boxed  in  such  man- 
ner as  to  prevent  freezing. 

■ ^ 6 i xiv, 

TESTP«S  Tire  PLUMBING  SYSTEM. 

154.  The  entire  plumbing  and  drainage 
system  within  the  building  must  be  tested 
by  the  plumber  in  the  presence  of  a 
plumbing  inspector,  under  a water  or  air 
test,  as  directed.  All  pipes  must  remain 
uncovered  iu  every  part  until  they  have 
successfully  passed  the  test.  The  plumber 
must  securely  close  all  openings  as  di- 
rected by  the  inspector  of  plumbing.  The 
use  of  wooden  plugs  for  this  purpose  is 
prohibited. 

155.  The  water  test  will  be  applied  by 
closing  the  lower  end  of  the  main  house 
drain  and  filling  the  pipes  to  the  highest 
opening  above  the  roof  with  water.  The 
water  test  shall  include  at  one  time  the 
house  drain  and  branches,  all  vertical  and 
horizontal  soil,  waste  and  vent  and  leader 
lines  aud  all  branches  therefrom  to  point 
3*bove  the  surface  of  the  finished  floor  and 
beyond  the  finished  face  of  walls  and  par- 
titions. Deviation  from  the  above  rule 
will  not  be  permitted  unless  upon  -writ- 
ten application  to  and  approval  by  the 
superintendent  of  buildings.  If  the  drain 
or  any  part  of  the  system  is  to  be  tested 
separately,  there  must  be  a head  of 
water  at  least  six  [6)  feet  above  all  parts 
of  the  work  so  tested,  and  special  pro- 
vision must  be  made  for  including  all 

| joints  and  connections  in  at  least  one 
test. 

156.  The  air  test  will  be  applied  with 
a force-pump  and  mercury  columns  un- 
der ten  pounds  pressure,  equal  to  twenty 
inches  of  mercury.  The  use  of  spring 
gauges  is  prohibited. 

157.  After  the  completion  of  the  work, 
when  the  water  has  been  turned  on  and 
the  traps  filled,  the  plumber  must  make 
a peppermint  or  smoke  test  in  the  pres- 
ence of  a plumbing  inspector  aud  as  di- 
rected by  him,  and  no  device  shall  be  used 
to  apply  said  smoke  test  unless  It  has 
been  approved  by  the  bureau  of  build- 
ings. 

158.  The  material  and  labor  for  the 
tests  must  be  furnished  by  the  plumber. 
Where  the  peppermint  test  Is  used,  two 

ounces  of  oil  of  peppermint  must  be  pro- 
vided for  each  line  up  to  five  stories  and 
I basement  iu  height,  and  for  oach  addi- 
tional five  stories  or  fraction  thereof  one 
additional  ounce  of  peppermint  must  be 
provided  for  oach  line. 


XV. 

PLUMBING  IN  TENEMENT  HOUSES. 

159.  All  sections  or  parts  of  sections 
of  the  tenement  house  law  relating  to 
plumbing  and  drainage  of  tenement 
houses  . re  to  be  observed,  and  aro  here- 
by made  a part  of  these  rules  and  regu- 
lations. 

XVI. 

GAB  PIPING  AND  FIXTURES. 

ICO.  Hereafter  the  gas  piping  and  fix- 
tures la  ell  new  buildings  and  all  alter- 
ations and  extensions  made  to  the  gas 
piping  or  fixtures  In  old  buildings  must, 
be  done  In  accordance  with  the  follow- 
ing rules,  walrn  are  made  In  accordance 
with  the  provisions  of  section  89  of  the 
building  code. 

For  additional  requirements  of  public 
buildings,  theaters  and  places  of  assem- 
blage, see  Part  XXI  of  the  building  col* 

161.  Before  tho  construction  or  u Itera- 
tion of  any  gas  piping  In  any  building  or 
part  of  any  building,  a permit  must  be 


56 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


obtained  from  the  superintendent  of 
buildings.  This  permit  will  be  issued  only 
to  a registered  plumber  and  in  conjunc- 
tion with  the  permit  for  plumbing  and 
drainage.  Application  must  include  all 
floor  plans  complete,  showing  each  and 
every  outlet  and  the  number  of  burners 
to  go  on  each  outlet.  [Before  beginning 
work.]  Small  alterations  may  be  made 
by  notifying  the  bureau  of  byildings,  us- 
ing the  same  blank  forms  provided  for 
alterations  and  repairs  to  plumbing. 

162.  Before  any  fixtures  are  connected 


with  the 

gas  piping,  a permit  must 

be 

obtained 

from  the  superintendent 

of 

buildings. 

application  for  same  to 

be 

made  on 

forms  furnished  by  the  bureau 

of  buildings. 


163.  All  gas  pipe  shall  be  of  the  best 
quality  wrought  iron  and  of  the  kind 
classed  as  standard  pipe,  and  shall  weigh 
according  lo  the  following  scale: 

Weights  per 

Diameters.  linear  foot. 

inch 0.56  pound 

yi  inch 0.85 

inch 1.12  " 

1  inch 1.67  ” 

1U  inches 2.24  " 

1 % inches 2.68  “ 

2 inches 3.61  " 

2%  inches 5.75  “ 

3 inches 7.54  “ 

3y2  inches 9.00  “ 

4 inches  10.66 

No  pipe  allowed  of  less  than  % inch  in  diameter. 

164.  All  fittings  (excepting  stop-cocks 
or  valves)  shall  be  of  malleable  iron. 
[All  bends  or  angles  in  the  piping  system 
must  be  made  by  means  of  fittings.  The 
bending  of  pipes  will  not  be  permitted.] 

165  There  shall  be  a heavy  brass 
straightaway  cock  or  valve  on  the  ser- 
vice pipe  immediately  inside  the  front 
foundation  wall. 

Iron  cocks  or  valves  are  not  permitted. 

166.  Where  it  is  not  impracticable  so 
to  do,  all  risers  shall  be  left  not  more 
than  five  feet  from  front  wall. 

167.  No  pipe  shall  be  laid  so  as  to  sup- 
port any  weight  (except  fixtures)  or  be 
subjected  to  any  strain  whatsoever.  All 
pipe  shall  be  properly  laid  and  fastened 
to  prevent  becoming  trapped,  and  shall 
be  laid,  when  practicable,  above  timbers 
or  beams  instead  of  beneath  them.  Where 
running  lines  or  branches  cross  beams 
they  must  do  so  within  thirty-six  inches 
of  the  end  of  the  beams,  and  in  no  case 
shall  the  said  pipes  be  let  into  the  beams 
more  than  two  inches  in  depth.  Any  pipe 


laid  in  a cold  or  damp  place  shall  be 
properly  dripped,  protected  and  painted 
with  two  coats  of  red  lead  and  boiled  oil 
or  tarred. 

168.  No  gas  pipe  shall  be  laid  in  ce- 
ment or  concrete  unless  the  pipe  and 
channel  in  which  it  is  placed  are  well 
covered  with  tar,  nor  within  six  inches 
of  an  electric  wire  excepting  where  they 
Immediately  join  outlets. 

169.  All  drops  must  be  set  plumb  and 
securely  fastened,  each  one  having  at 
least  one  solid  strap.  Drops  and  outlets 
less  than  % of  an  inch  in  diameter  shall 
not  be  left  more  than  one  inch  below 
plastering,  center-pieces,  or  woodwork. 

170.  All  outlets  and  risers  shall  be  left 
capped  until  covered  by  fixtures. 

171.  No  unions  or  running  threads 
shall  be  permitted.  Where  necessary  to 
cut  out  to  repair  leaks  or  make  exten- 
sions, pipe  shall  be  again  put  together 
with  right  and  left  couplings. 

172.  No  gasfitters'  cement  shall  be 
used,  except  in  putting  fixtures  together. 

173.  All  gas  brackets  and  fixtures  shall 
be  placed  so  that  the  burners  of  same 
are  not  less  than  three  feet  below  any 
ceiling  or  woodwork,  unless  the  same  is 
properly  protected  by  a shield,  in  which 
case  the  distance  shall  not  be  less  than 
eighteen  inches. 

No  swinging  or  folding  gas-  brackets 
shall  be  placed  against  any  stud  partition 
or  woodwork. 

No  gas  bracket  on  any  lath  and  plaster 
partition  or  woodwork  shall  be  less  than 
five  inches  in  length,  measured  from  the 
burner  to  the  plaster  surface  or  wood- 
work. 

Gas  lights  placed  near  window  curtains 
or  any  other  combustible  material  shall 
be  protected  by  a proper  shield. 

174.  Gas  outlets  for  burners  shall  not 
bp  placed  under  tanks,  back  of  doors  or 
within  four  feet  of  any  meter. 

175.  All  buildings  shall  be  piped  accord- 
ing to  the  following  scale: 


Diameter. 

Length. 

Burners. 

inch  

3 

“ 

S 

% ••  

00  “ 

20 

1 4 

so  •* 

35 

D4  “ 

110  ** 

81 

IV2  “ 

150  ** 

100 

2 “ 

200  •* 

200 

2U  “ 

300 

3 “ 

450  *• 

450 

314  “ 

500  •* 1 2 3  4 

600 

4 “ 

600  •* 

750 

176.  Outlets  for  gas  ranges  shall  have 
a diameter  not  less  than  required  for  six 
burners,  and  all  gas  ranges  and  heaters 


shall  have  a straightaway  cock  on  servic* 
pipe. 

177.  When  brass  piping  is  used  on  the 
outside  of  plastering  or  woodwork  it  shall 
be  classed  as  fixtures. 

178.  All  brass  tubing  used  for  arms  and 
stems  of  fixtures  shall  be  at  least  No.  18 
standard  gauge  and  full  size  outside,  so 
as  to  cut  a full  thread.  All  threads  on 
brass  pipe  shall  screw  in  at  '.east  5-16 
of  an  inch.  All  rope  or  square  tubing 
shall  be  brazed  or  soldered  into  fittings 
and  distributers,  or  have  a nipple  brazed 
into  the  tubing. 

179.  All  cast  fittings,  such  as  cocks 
swing  joints,  double  centers,  nozzles,  etc., 
shall  be  extra  heavy  brass.  The  plugs 
of  all  cocks  must  be  ground  to  a smooth 
and  true  surface  for  their  entire  length, 
be  free  from  sandholes.  have  not  less  than 
% of  an  inch  bearing  (except  in  cases 
of  special  design),  have  two  flat  sides  on 
the  end  for  the  washer,  and  have  two  nuts 
instead  of  a tail  screw.  All  stop  pins 
to  keys  or  cocks  shall  be  screwed  into 
place. 

180.  After  all  piping  is  fitted  and  fast- 
ened and  all  outlets  capped  up,  there 
must  be  applied  by  the  plumber,  in  the 
presence  of  an  inspector  of  the  bureau  ol 
buildings,  a test  with  air  to  a pressure 
equal  to  a column  of  mercury  six  inches 
in  height,  and  the  same  to  stand  for  five 
minutes:  only  mercury  gauge  shall  be 
used.  No  piping  shall  be  covered  up,  nor 
shall  any  fixture,  gas,  heater  or  range  be 
connected  thereto  until  a card  showing 
the  approval  of  this  test  has  been  issued 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings.  And. 
again,  when  all  fixtures  are  hung,  a simi- 
lar test  shall  be  applied  in  exactly  the 
same  manner,  excepting  that  one  burner 
fixture. will  be  omitted  to  permit  of  ap- 
plying a pump  and  gauge.  On  the  inspe  t- 
or’s  report  of  this  test  as  above,  a final 
approved  card  in  duplicate  will  be  issued 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

181.  No  meter  will  be  set  by  any  gas 
company  until  a certificate  is  filed  with 
them  from  the  bureau  of  buildings  certi- 
fying that  the  gas  pipes  and  fixtures  com- 
ply with  the  foregoing  rules. 

182.  When  for  any  reason  it  may  be  im- 
practicable to  comply  strictly  with  the 
foregoing  rules,  the  superintendent  of 
buildings  shall  have  power  to  modify 
their  provisions  so  that  the  spirit  and 
substance  thereof  shall  be  complied  with. 
Such  modifications  shall  be  indorsed  upon 
the  permit  over  the  signature  of  the  su- 
perintendent of  buildings. 


Regulations  of  the  Bureau  of 


BuiMinris  for  the  Testing  of  New  Materials  of 


1.  These  regulations  are  to  apply  to 
all  such  new  materials  as  are  used  in 
building  construction,  in  the  same  man- 
ner and  for  the  same  purposes,  as  nat- 
ural stones,  brick  and  concrete  are  now 
authorized  by  the  building  code. 

2.  Before  any  such  material  is  used  in 
buildings,  an  application  for  its  use  and 
for  a test  of  the  same  must  be  filed  with 
the  superintendent  of  buildings.  A de- 
scription of  the  material  and  a brief  out- 
line of  its  manufacture  must  be  embodied 
in  the  application. 

3.  The  material  must  be  subjected  to  the 
following  tests:  transverse,  compression, 
absorption,  freezing  and  fire.  Additional 
tests  may  be  called  for  when,  in  the 
judgment  of  the  superintendent,  the  same 
may  be  necessary.  All  such  tests  must 
be  made  at  some  laboratory  of  recognized 
standing,  under  the  supervision  of  the 
engineer  of  the  bureau  of  buildings.  The 
tests  will  be  made  at  the  expense  of  the 
applicant. 

4.  The  results  of  the  tests,  whether 
satisfactory  or  not,  must  be  placed  on 
file  in  the  bureau  of  buildings.  They  shall 
be  open  to  public  inspection,  but  need 
not  necessarily  be  published. 

ft.  For  the  purposes  of  the  tests,  at 


construction. 

least  fifteen  samples  or  test  pieces  must 
be  provided.  Such  samples  must  repre- 
sent the  ordinary  commercial  product. 
They  may  be  selected  from  stock  by  the 
superintendent  of  buildings,  or  his  repre- 
sentative, or  may  be  made  in  his  pres- 
ence, at  his  discretion.  The  samples 
must  be  approximately  eight  inches  long, 
four  inches  wide  and  two  inches  thick.  In 
cases  where  the  material  is  made  and 
used  in  special  shapes  or  forms,  full  size 
samples  may  also  be  called  for  and 
tested  In  such  manner  as  may  he  directed 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings,  to  de- 
termine the  physical  characteristic  spee- 
ded in  regulation  three. 

6.  The  samples  may  be  tested  as  soon 
as  desired  by  the  applicant,  but  in  no 
case  later  than  sixty  days  after  manufac- 
ture. 

7.  The  weight  per  cubic  foot  and  spe- 
cific gravity  of  the  material  must  be  de- 
termined. 

8.  These  tests  shall  be  made  In  series 
of  at  least  five,  except  that  in  the  fire 
tests  a series  of  two  (four  samples)  Is 
sufficient.  The  transverse  tests  shall  he 
made  first  on  full-size  samples  (8  by  4 by 
2).  The  resulting  half  samples  are  then 
used  for  the  compression  and  absorption 


t tests,  but  in  no  ease  must  both  halves 
] of  the  same  piece  be  used  in  either  series. 
Half  samples  may  also  be  used  for  the 
freezing  and  fire  tests  under  the  same  re- 
strictions. The  remaining  samples  are 
I kept  in  reserve,  in  case  unusual  flaws  or 
exceptional  or  abnormal  conditions  make 
it  necessary  to  discard  certain  of  the 
tests.  All  the  samples  must  be  marked 
for  identification  and  comparison. 

9.  The  transverse  test  shall  be  made 
as  follows:  The  sample  shall  be  placed 
flatwise  on  two  rounded  knife-edge  bear- 
ings set  parallel,  seven  inches  apart.  A 

, load  is  then  applied  on  top,  midway  be- 
tween the  supports,  and  transmitted 
through  a similar  round  edge,  until  the 
sample  is  ruptured.  The  modulus  of  rup- 
ture shall  then  be  determined  by  multi- 
plying the  breaking  load  in  pounds  by 
twenty-one  < three  times  the  distance  be- 
! tween  supports  in  Inches),  and  dividing 
i the  result  by  twice  the  product  of  the 
width  (approximately  four)  in  Inchea  by 
! the  square  of  the  depth  (approximately 
1 two)  In  Inches. 

10.  The  compression  test  shall  be  mad* 
as  follows:  Tho  sample  must  first  b* 
thoroughly  dried  to  a constant  weight. 

I It  must  be  enrefully  measurod,  than 
bedded  flatwlso  either  In  plaster  of  parts 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


57 


or  blotting  paper,  to  secure  a uniform 
bearing  in  the  testing  machine,  and 
crushed.  The  total  breaking  load  is  then 
divided  by  the  area  in  compression  in 
square  inches. 

11.  The  absorption  test  must  be  made 
as  follows:  The  sample  is  first  thorough- 
ly dried  to  a constant  weight.  The 
weight  must  be  carefully  recorded.  It  is 
then  placed  in  a pan  or  tray  of  water, 
immersing  it  to  a depth  of  not  more  than 
one-half  inch.  It  Is  again  carefully 
weighed  at  the  following  periods:  Thirty 
minutes,  four  hours  and  forty-eight  hours, 
respectively,  from  the  time  of  immersion, 
being  replaced  in  the  water  in  each  case 
as  soon  as  the  weight  is  taken.  Its  com- 
pressive strength,  while  still  wet.  is  then 
determined  at  the  end  of  the  rorty-eight 
hour  period,  in  the  manner  specified  in 
regulation  ten. 

12.  The  rreezing  test  Is  made  as  fol- 
lows: The  sample  is  immersed,  as  de- 

scribed in  regulation  eleven,  for  at  least 
four  hours,  and  then  weighed.  It  is  then 
placed  in  a freezing  mixture  or  a refrig- 
erator, or  otherwise  subjected  to  a tem- 
perature of  less  than  fifteen  degrees  Fah- 
renheit, for  at  least  twelve  hours.  It  is 
then  removed  and  placed  in  water,  where 
it  must  remain  for  at  least  one  hour,  the 
temperature  of  which  is  at  least  one  hun- 
dred and  fifty  degrees  Fahrenheit.  This 
operation  is  repeated  twenty  times,  after 


which  the  sample  is  again  weighed  while 
still  wet  from  last  thawing.  Its  crushing 
strength  should  then  be  determined,  as 
called  for  in  regulation  ten. 

1C.  The  fire  test  must  be  made  as  fol- 
lows: Two  samples  are  placed  in  a cold 

gas  furnace,  in  which  the  temperature 
is  gradually  raised  to  seventeen  hundred 
degrees  Fahrenheit  in  one  hour.  One  of 
the  samples  is  then  plunged  in  cold  water 
(about  fifty  to  sixty  degrees  Fahrenheit), 
and  results  noted.  The  second  sample  is 
permitted  to  cool  gradually  in  air,  and 
the  results  noted. 

14.  The  following  requirements  must 
be  met  to  secure  an  acceptance  of  the 
materials:  The  modulus  of  rupture  must 
average  four  hundred  and  fifty  and  must 
not  fall  below  three  hundred  and  fifty 
in  any  case.  The  ultimate  compressive 
strength  must  average  three  thousand 
pounds  per  square  inch  and  must  not  fall 
below  twenty-five  hundred  in  any  cas-' 
The  percentage  of  absorption  (being  the 
weight  of  water  absorbed  divided  by  the 


must  not  exceed  twenty  per  cent,  in  any 
case.  The  reduction  of  compressive 
strength  must  not  be  more  than  thirty- 
three  and  one-third  per  cent.,  except 
that  when  tha  lower  figure  is  still  above 
three  thousand  pounds  per  square  Inch, 
the  loss  in  strength  may  be  neglected. 


The  freezing  and  thawing  process  must 
not  cause  a loss  in  weight  greater  than 
ten  per  cent.,  nor  a loss  in  strength  of 
more  than  thirty-three  and  one-third 
per  cent.,  except  that  when  the  lower 
figure  is  still  above  three  thousand 
pounds  per  square  inch,  the  loss  in 
strength  may  be  neglected.  The  fire 
test  must  not  cause  the  material  to  dis- 
integrate. (Note— No  great  stress  will 
be  laid  on  this  last  test.) 

15.  The  approval  of  any  material  is 
given  only  under  the  following  conditions: 

(a)  A brand  mark  for  identification 
! must  be  impressed  on.  or  otherwise  at- 
tached to  the  material. 

(b)  A plant  for  the  production  of  the 
material  must,  be  in  full  operation  when 
the  official  tests  are  made. 

| (e)  The  name  of  the  firm  or  corpora- 

tion  and  the  responsible  officers  must  be 
placed  on  file  with  the  superintendent  of 
i buildings,  and  changes  in  same  promptly 
] reported. 

(d)  The  tests  must  be  repeated  at  any 
time  when  called  for.  on  samples  selected 
from  the  open  market,  where  there  is  any 

i doubt  whether  the  product  is  up  to  the 
I standard  of  these  regulations. 

(e)  In  case  the  results  of  tests  made 
| under  this  condition  (d)  should  show’  that 
i the  standard  of  these  regulations  is  not 
j maintained,  the  approval  of  this  bureau 
' will  be  at  once  suspended  or  revoked. 


Revised  Regulations  of  the  Bureau  of  Buildings  Governing  the  Erection  and  Conver- 
sion of  Buildings  to  Be  Used  for  the  Purpose  of  Moving  Picture  Shows,  Music 
Halls  or  Any  Other  Public  Entertainment  for  the  Accommodation  of  Not  More 
Than  300  People. — January  29,  1910. 


Before  the  erection,  construction  or  | 
alteration  of  aDy  sucd  building,  or  part 
(hereof,  there  must  be  filed  with  the  Su- 
perintendent of  Buildings.  complete 
plans  and  detailed  statement  as  set 
forth  In  section  4 of  the  Building  Code. 

The  plans  must  show  clearly  and  fully 
• he  location  and  width  of  all  exits,  pas- 
sageways. stairs,  fire-escapes,  aisles, 
etc.;  the  arrangement  of  seats:  size  of 
floor  beams,  walls,  supports,  etc.;  the 
location  and  construction  of  the  enclos- 
ure for  the  moving  picture  light  and  ma- 
chinery or  for  other  similar  apparatus; 
a diagram  of  the  lot  or  plot  showing 
outlets  from  all  exits  and  also  such 
oiho-  d«tati«t>  s' a.ter't-n:,i.  or  de- 

rila  »«■  iuv  required  ny  me  superin- 
tendent. of  1>uildings.  and  if  such  house 
is  a tenement  house,  permit  from  the 
Tenement  House  Department  must  be 
obtained. 

Exits. 

All  such  buildings  must  be  provided 
with  at  least  two  separate  exits  remote 
from  each  other  and  leading  to  direct 
ant)  positive  outlets.  The  width  in  the 
clear  of  such  exits  must  be  ut  least  4 
feet  G Inehes  f 4%  feet)  in  the  clear 
where  above  100  and  not  more  than  200: 
and  6 feet  In  the  clear  where  above  200 
ar.4  not  more  than  2.00  poopl";  or  in 
lieu  of  the  Increased  width  there  may  be 
provided  an  additional  exit  not  less 
than  2 feet  6 Inehes  In  the  elear. 

All  surh  buildings  to  be  erected  on  a 
lot  other  than  a corner  lot,  an  open 
court  must  be  provided  on  one  side,  at 
least  4 feet  in  width  In  the  rlcnr  for 
buildings  accommodating  100  persons  or 
less  4 feet  0 Inehes  In  the  elesr  where 
more  than  100  and  not  more  than  200 
porsons,  and  5 foot  In  the  rlear  whore 
over  200  and  not  more  than  800  persons; 
said  court  to  oxtend  from  rear  exit  to 
street  front. 

In  cnee  of  an  existing  building  lo- 
cated on  a lot  othor  than  a corner  lot, 
and  occupying  tbo  full  width  of  same,  U 


to  be  altered  to  be  used  for  the  purpose! 
herein  defined,  and  direct  means  ot  , 
egress  to  a street  cannot  be  provided  at  j 
the  rear  of  such  building,  a fireproof 
passage  or  corridor  must  be"  provided 
from  rear  exit  to  the  street  front,  of  the 
same  width  as  required  for  the  side 
court  of  new  buildings;  such  passage- 
way must  be  constructed  of  fireproof 
material;  the  wall  forming  su<  h pas- 
sageway on  the  auditorium  side  must  be 
8 Inches  thick,  of  brick,  started  one  fool 
below  the  cellar  bottom,  and  carried  up 
to  the  underside  of  roof  boards  If  a one- 
story  building,  and  to  the  underside  of 
the  flooring  of  the  next  story  above 
i where  such  building  is  more  than  one 
! story  In  height,  or  such  wall  may  be 
constructed  of  fireproof  hollow  blocks 
, If  deemed  suitable  by  the  superintendent 
of  buildings  having  jurisdiction.  The 
1 celling  of  such  passageway  must  bo  eov- 
| "red  with  metal  lath  or  wire  mesh  and 
j plastered  with  three  coats  of  "Kings 
Windsor”  or  other  plaster  equally  as 
good,  having  a total  thickness  of  at  least 
1(4  Inrhes;  or  the  celling  may  be  pro- 
tected with  %-lnch  plaster  boards 
joints  properly  filled  with  mortar  and 
covered  with  metal. 

All  exit  doors  must  be  fireproof  and 
made  to  open  outwnrdly  and  In  such  a 
way  os  not  to  obstruct  any  passageway. 

finllery. 

If  there  Is  to  he  a gallery,  there  must 
| he  provided  from  said  gallery  at  least 
one  line  of  Interior  stalrB  and  one  line 
of  outside  fire  escapes  remote  from  each 
1 other. 

All  doors  hading  to  fire  escapes  must 
bo  not  less  than  3 feet  wide  In  the  rlear 

Stain. 

The  width  In  the  rlenr  of  all  slnlrs 
must  be  ot  least  3 feet  where  they  ac- 
commodate Bd  peopto  or  loss;  4 feet  In 
I the  clear  where  above  50  anil  not  more 
than  100  people;  4 feet  0 Inches  In  th*- 
I clear  where  ulmc  100  and  not  more  than 


150  people-;  5 feet  in  the  clear  where 
above  150  and  not  more  than  200  people; 

5 feet  G inches  in  the  elear  where  above 
200  and  not  more  than  250  people,  and  fi 
feet  in  the  clear  where  more  than  250 
and  not  more  than  300  people;  and  in 
lieu  of  the  increased  width  there  may  be 
provided  an  additional  stair  providing 
that  the  width  in  the  clear  of  each  stair 
is  not  less  than  4 feet. 

Eire  escapes. 

All  fire  escapes  must  have  balconies 
not  less  than  3 feet  in  width  In  the  clear 
and  not  less  than  4 feet  G inches  long, 
and  from  said  balconies  there  shall  be 
alair  cases  eti-Dcling  to  the  ground  level, 
with  a rlao  o?  not  over  S’4  Inehes  snd  * 
step  of  not.  less  (him  8Vi  inehes,  and  the 
width  of  stales  must  be  not  less  lhau  3 
feet. 

All  fire  escapes  must  be  built  of  fire 
proof  material. 

1‘roNcriilnni  null. 

A fire  wall  shall  separate  the  audito- 
rium irom  the  stage,  and  said  wall  shall 
extend  the  full  neight  of  the  auditorium; 
said  wall  must  bo  constructed  of  fire- 
proof materia;,  or  may  be  constructed  of 
wood  studs  covered  on  both  sides  with 
either  expanded  metal  lath  or  wire  mesh 
and  plastered  two  coats  of  "Kings  Wind- 
sor" or  other  plaster  equally  as  good,  or 
inny  be  covered  with  metal  on  >4- Inch 
plaster  boards  the  Joints  of  same 
to  be  properly  filled  with  mortar.  The 
eelllng  and  the  partitions  of  all  rooms 
back  of  proscenium  wall  shall  be  pro- 
tected In  the  sntne  manner  as  herein 
specified  for  proscenium  wall. 

\n<lllorlnm  mill  oilier  rooms. 

Tim  walls  of  the  nudltorhim  and  any 
other  room  loented  within  that  portion 
of  the  building  devoted  to  the  uses  or 
accommodation  of  the  public  and  em- 
ployers, or  used  for  storage  purposes, 
workshop  or  property  room,  shall  In 
enclosed  with  walls  or  partitions;  If  ths 


58 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


walls  or  partitions  are  of  woood  studs, 
they  shall  be  constructed  in  the  same 
manner  as  herein  specified  for  proscen- 
ium walls;  the  ceilings  of  all  such 
rooms  shall  be  covered  with  ’.4-inch 
plaster  boards  and  plastered  or  plaster 
boards  may  be  covered  with  metal. 

The  ceiling  directly  under  the  audito- 
rium floor,  stage  and  platform  must  be 
plastered  with  two  coats  of  “Kings 
Windsor’’  or  other  plaster  equally  as 
goood,  on  wire  mesh  or  expanded  metal 
lath,  or  may  be  covered  with  metal  on 
14-lnch  plaster  boards. 

Moving  picture  apparatus. 

Where  the  calcium  lights  are  used  for 
moving  pictures  or  other  purposes,  and 
where  specially  hazardous  lights  or  ap- 
paratus is  used  for  any  purpose  whatso- 
ever, all  the  supports  and  inclosures  used 
for  said  apparatus  must  be  constructed 
fireproof  with  angle  irons,  wire  mesh  or 
expanded  metal  lath  and  two  coats  of 
“Kings  Windsor”  or  plaster  equally  as 
good;  and  adequate  provision  must  be 
made  for  the  protection  of  both  life  and 
property. 

Curtain,  scenery,  etc. 

All  curtains,  sceneries,  drops,  etc.,  must  J 
be  treated  with  at  least  one  good  coat  of  | 


fire  resisting  paint  approved  by  the  Su- 
perintendent of  Buildings. 


intervening  between  It  and  an  aisle  on 
either  side. 


Gradients.  ' -W’t  -»— 

To  overcome  any  difference  of  level 
in  and  between  cuorts,  corridors,  lobbies, 
passages  and  aisles,  gradients  of  not  over  ; 
one  foot  in  eight  feet  or  steps  having  a 
rise  of  not  over  8’4  inches  and  a width  of 
not  less  than  10  inches  must  be  used. 

Aisles. 

All  aisles  on  the  respective  floors  in 
the  auditorium  must  be  not  less  than  2 
feet  G inches  wide  in  the  clear  where  they 
accommodate  50  people  or  less,  and  the 
width  of  such  aisles  must  be  Increased 
one  inch  for  every  ten  people  over  60. 

Chairs. 

All  chairs  in  the  auditorium  excepting 
those  contained  in  the  boxes  must  not  be 
less  than  32  inches  from  back  to  back 
where  such  chairs  have  stationary  seats, 
and  28  inches  from  back  to  back  where 
such  chairs  are  what  is  known  as  the 
folding  opera  chairs,  measured  in  a hori- 
zontal direction.  No  seat  in  the  audi- 
torium shall  have  more  than  seven  sears 


Sign  over  exits. 

Every  exit  must  have  over  the  same 
on  the  inside,  the  word  EXIT  printed  in 
legible  letters  not  less  than  8 inches  high. 

Lights. 

Every  portion  of  the  building  devoted 
to  the  uses  or  accommodation  of  the 
public,  also  all  outlets  leading  to  the 
streets,  and  including  the  courts  and  cor- 
ridors, must  be  well  and  properly  lighted 
during  every  performance,  and  the  same 
must  remain  lighted  until  the  entire  au- 
dience has  left  the  premises. 

There  must  be  one  red  light  placed 
over  each  exit,  on  the  inside. 

Floor  loads. 

Any  portion  of  the  floor  of  the  build- 
ing devoted  to  the  use  or  accommodation 
of  the  public  must  be  of  sufficient  strength 
to  safely  bear  a live  load  of  90  pounds  per 

superficial  foot. 

These  rulea  and  regulations  to  take  ef- 
fect immediately;  all  other  rules  and  reg- 
ulations affecting  buildings  to  be  occupied 
as  herein  defined  are  hereby  i evoked  Jan- 
uary 29,  1910, 


Regulations  of  the  Bureau  of  Buildings  for  the  Construction,  Inspection  and  Opera 

tion  of  Elevators. 


1.  The  term  “Elevators,”  as  used  in 
these  Regulations,  shall  include  all  eleva- 
tors or  lifts  used  for  the  carrying  of  pas- 
sengers or  employees  or  freight.  So  far 
a,s  practicable,  these  Regulations  shall 
also  apply  to  escalators.  Where  freight 
elevators  are  placed  within  the  same 
shaft  enclosure  as  passenger  elevators, 
such  elevators  must  conform  in  all 
particulars  to  the  regulations  for  the 
construction,  inspection  and  operation  of 
passenger  elevators.  All  other  freight 
elevators  must  comply  with  Sections  2,  3, 
4,  6,  7,  8,  10,  12,  13,  14,  15,  16,  17,  18,  20,  21, 
22,  23,  24  and  25  of  the  Regulations  for 
passenger  elevators. 

2.  All  elevators  must  be  inspected  as 
often  as  possible  by  ail  Inspector  of  the 
Bureau  of  Buildings  known  and  desig- 
nated as  Inspectors  of  Elevators,  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  Rules  and  Regulations 
of  the  Bureau  prescribing  the  duties  and 
governing  the  actions  of  the  employees. 

3.  Before  any  elevator  shall  be  here- 
after installed  or  altered  in  any  building 
in  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  the  owner  or 
his  agent,  architect  or  contractor,  shall 
notify  the  Superintendent  of  Buildings  in 
writing,  stating  the  construction  and 
mode  of  operation  of  machinery  of  eleva- 
tor to  be  installed  or  altered,  and  ob- 
tain liis  approval  therefor,  and  such  ele- 
vator shall  not  be  operated  until  it  shall 
have  been  duly  tested  and  inspected  and 
a certificate  of  such  inspection  obtained. 

4.  The  owner,  lessee,  manager  or  other 
person  haviug  charge  or  control  of  any 
elevator  now  in  operation  in  the  Borough 
of  Brooklyn,  and  the  manufacturer  of 
any  such  elevator  hereafter  placed  in  any 
building,  shall  cause  to  be  fastened  in  a 
conspicuous  place  in  said  elevator  a 
metal  plate,  having  suitably  raised  let- 
ters on  same,  which  shall  prescribe  the 
number  of  pounds,  weight  which  said  ele- 
vator shall  be  permitted  to  carry,  which 
weight  shall  be  determined  by  a proper 
test,  calculation  and  inspection  made  un- 
der the  supervision  of  an  Inspector  of 
Elevators  of  the  Bureau  of  Buildings. 

5.  Every  elevator  except  in  private 
dwellings  occupied  by  one  family,  must 
be  in  charge  of  a competent  operator  of 
reliable  and  industrious  habits,  not  less 
than  eighteen  years  of  age,  with  at  least 
one  month's  experience  in  running  na  ele- 


vator under  the  instruction  of  a compe- 
tent person.  Iu  case  the  Superintendent 
of  Buildings  shall  become  satisfied  that 
the  person  engaged  in  running  any  eleva- 
tor is  incompetent  or  disqualified  from 
any  cause  to  continue  to  run  the  same, 
the  owner  or  person  managing  or  control- 
ling the  elevator  shall,  upon  notice  from 
the  Superintendent  of  Buildings,  at  once 
replace  the  said  operator  by  a competent 
operator. 

6.  Elevator  shafts  and  doors  of  same 
in  non-flreproof  buildings  must  be  con- 
structed fireproof  and  made  solid  for 
their  full  height.  Any  lights  that  may  be 
desired  in  these  doors  must  be  provided 
with  wire  glass.  No  one  pane  of  wire 
glass  shall  exceed  five  square  feet  in 
area, 

7.  All  doors  or  gates  leading  to  any 
elevator  shaft  shall  be  looked  or  bolted 
on  the  shaft  side  so  as  to  be  opened  only 
by  the  operator  of  the  car. 

8.  In  all  cases  where  the  law  or  regu- 
lations permit  grill  xvork  inclosing  the 
shaft  or  car,  it  shall  be  of  substantial 
material,  properly  braced  and  carried  the 
full  height  of  openings,  and  there  shall 
not  be  more  than  one  and  one-half  inch 
space  between  any  two  members  of  said 
grill  work. 

9.  All  entrances  to  elevator  cars  must 
be  provided  with  substantial  folding  or 
sliding  gates  or  doors,  and  where  floor 
tracks  are  used  the  same  must  be  coun- 
tersunk. All  folding  gates  over  three 
feet  wide  at  entrance  to  shaft  or 
ear  shall  have  top  and  bottom  center 
braces.  Said  gates  must  toe  closed  be- 
fore car  leaves  the  landing  when  one  or 
more  persons  are  on  the  car. 

10.  All  counterweights  shall  have  their 
sections  strongly  bolted  together  and 
shall  be  so  situated  that  they  cannot  fall 
on  any  part  of  the  elevator  or  machinery. 
Where  weights  run  iu  tha  same  ishaft  as 
the  car  they  must  be  protected  with  a 
substantial  screen  of  iron  from  the  top 
of  rail  to  a point  15  feet  below  and  6 
feet  beginning  at  bottom  of  elevator  pit. 
There  shall  not  be  less  than  three  feet 
clearance  between  the  top  of  counter- 
weight and  the  underside  of  overhead 
beams  when  the  car  is  resting  on  the 
bumpers. 

11.  Hereafter  no  elevator  shall  be  per- 


mitted to  have  attached  above,  below  or 
on  the  side  of  the  car  a freight  compart- 
ment or  similar  device. 

12.  All  elevators  shall  have  a governor 
or  speed  safety  properly  connected  to  the 
safety  devices  on  the  car. 

13.  The  car  of  all  elevators  must  toe 
constructed  of  fireproof  materials,  except 
that  interior  trim  and  flooring  may  be  of 
hard  wood  and  have  electric  bell  with 
push  button  on  every  landing. 

14.  All  guide  rails  for  both  the  car  and 
weights  shall  be  of  iron  or  steel,  and 
shall  be  fastened  to  the  sides  of  the 
shaft  xvith  wrought  or  cast-iron  brackets 
not  more  than  eight  feet  apart. 

15.  There  shall  be  not  less  than  two 
cables  independently  connected  to  the  car 
and  to  each  set  of  counterweights.  The 
lifting  or  weight  cables  shall  have  a’ 
least  one  full  turn  of  cable  on  the  drum 
when  they  have  run  the  limit. 

16.  All  sheaves  for  operating  cables 
shall  be  provided  with  proper  guards. 

17.  Immediately  under  the  sheaves  at 
the  top  of  every  elevator  shaft  in  any 
building  there  shall  be  provided  and 
placed  a sutostantial  grating  of  Iron  or 
steel,  having  not  more  than  one  and  one- 
half  inch  space  between  any  two  mem- 
bers of  said  grating,  and  of  such  con- 
struction as  shall  be  approved  by  the 
Bureau  of  Buildings. 

18.  A clear  space  of  not  lesa  than  three 
feet  must  be  provided  between  the  bot- 
tom of  the  shaft  and  the  lowest  point 
of  the  underside  of  car  floor  when  the 
ear  is  at  Its  lowest  landing,  and  be- 
tween the  top  of  crosshead  of  the  car 
and  the  underside  of  the  overhead  grating 
when  the  car  is  at  its  top  landing,  pro- 
vided that  for  elevators  of  greater  speed 
than  350  per  minute,  the  distance  be- 
tween the  top  of  crosshead  of  the  car 
and  the  underside  of  the  overhead  grat- 
ing when  the  car  is  at  its  top  landing 
shall  be  not  less  than  five  feet. 

19.  All  parts  of  the  elevator  machinery 
muist  be  properly  inclosed  by  suitable  par- 
titions and  such  inclosure  must  be  lighted. 
Free  nnd  safe  access  must  be  provided  to 
all  parte  of  elevator  machinery. 

20.  The  speed  of  all  elevators  must  not 
exceed  400  feet  per  minute  except  that 
express  elevators  nitty  run  600  feet  per 
minute  for  that  portion  of  the  shaft  in 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


59. 


which  no  Intermediate  stops  are  made,  permitted  to  have  attached  any  friction  or  altered  must  be  made  to  conform  to 
Express  elevators  ehall  mean  only  such  clutch  belt  or  other  power  than  hand  the_ present  law  and  regulations. 
elevatorB  as  run  80  feet  or  more  without  unless  said  elevator  shall  be  re-construct-  j 25.  Any  infraction  of  these  regulations, 
stop  ed  so  as  to  comply  With  sections  2,  3.  10,  | or  failure  to  comply  with  their  provisions 

21. "  At  the  bottom  of  all  elevator  shafts  ‘ 12.  13.  14,  15,  16,  17,  18,  19,  20,  21,  22,  23  alter  due  notice  from  the  Superintendent 

there  shall  be  placed  substantial  buffer  and  24  of  the  Regulations  of  Elevators  of  Buildings,  shall  be  treated  the  same  as 
springa.  and  Escalators.  a violation  of  the  Building  Code  and  shall 

22.  The  carrying  beams  for  all  machin-  24.  In  making  any  changes  or  altera-  subject  the  owner  to  the  same  penalties 

erv  shall  be  of  wrought  iron  or  steel.  tlons  to  elevator  shafts,  rails,  overhead  as  prescribed  in  Section  150  of  the  Build- 

23.  No  hand  power  eleva  or  shall  be  * jpaehinery  or  power,  all  the  work  changed  ing  Code  for  such  violations. 


Regulations  of  the  Bureau  of  Buildings  Governing  the  Construction  of  Fire  Escapes. 


Definition  of  Are  escape. 

The  term  fire  escape  shall  be  construed 
to  mean  a positive  and  safe  means  of 
egress  from  a building  in  case  of  fire  or 
panic. 

When  required. 

Every  building  already  erected,  or  that 
may  heieafter  be  erected,  which  Is  used, 
or  designed  to  be  used,  for  any  of  the 
purposes  of  occupancy  as  set  forth  in  the 
requirements  of  Section  103  of  the  Build- 
ing Code,  shall  be  provided  with  ample 
fire  escapes;  the  number  and  location  of 
such  escapes  shall  be  decided  by  the  su- 
perintendent of  buildings. 

Const  ruction. 

All  stairs,  halls  or  passageways  of  fire 
escapes  shall  be  inclosed  in  fireproof 
walls,  and  such  inclosures  shall  be  sepa- 
rated from  the  main  building  in  all  its 
parts  by  an  unpiereed  fire  wall.  The 
stair  inclosure  shall  extend  from  the 
ground  surface  to  the  roof  level.  The 
entire  stair  and  platform  construction  in 
all  such  fireproof  Inclosures  shall  be  ot 
Incombustible  material. 

terras  to  lire  escape. 

Access  to  all  fire  escapes  shall  be  made 
from  the  exterior  of  the  building,  by 
means  of  iron  connecting  balconies,  ot 
other  approved  method.  These  balconies 
shall  take  In  at  least  one  door  of  each, 
the  fire  escape  and  main  bulldiug,  on  each 
door  above  the  ground. 

The  balconies  shall  not  be  less  than 
4 ft,  In  width.  They  shall  be  below,  but 
not  more  than  1 In.  below,  the  door  sill. 
The  floors  of  balconies  shall  be  of  wrong.it 
lion  or  steel  plate,  not  less  than  I'ix** 
nf  an  Inch,  placed  not  more  than  l>,i  in. 
apart,  and  well  secured  and  riveted  to 
iron  battens  l‘ix*«  of  an  Inch,  spaced 
not  over  three  feet  apart,  a:. I riveted 


at  the  Intersection.  The  railing  shall  | 
extend  around  the  entire  length  of  the 
platform,  and  in  all  cases  shall  go  | 
through  the  wall  at  each  end.  and  be 
properly  secured  by  nut  and  4-inch  square  ■ 
washer  at  least  % of  an  inch  thick,  and  ! 
no  rail  shall  be  connected  at  right  angle  [ 
with  cast  iron. 

The  top  rail  of  balconies  shall  be  at 
least  1%  inches  by  ’2  inch  of  wrought  ] 
iron,  or  H&  inch  angle  iron  14  inch  thick. 
The  bottom  rail  shall  be  at  least  lli 
inches  by  % inch  wrought  iron,  or  Hi  ! 
inch  angle  iron,  14  inch  thick. 

The  standard,  or  filling  in,  bars  shall 
be  not  less  than  % inch  round  or  square 
wrought  iron,  well  riveted  to  top  and  j 
I bottom  rail  and  platform  frame.  The  | 
filling  in  bars  shall  not  be  spaced  more  j 
than  6 Inches  apart.  The  height  of  rail- 
ing in  no  case  shall  be  less  than  3 feet  > 
high. 

Supporting  bracket*. 

The  brackets  shall  not  be  less  than  1 ! 
in.  by  1%  in.  wrought  iron,  placed  edge-  j 
wise,  or  21 fcx%  inch  angle  iron  well 
braced. 

They  shall  not  be  more  than  3 ft  apart, 
and  shall  be  braced  by  means  of  not  less 
than  1 inch  square  wrought  iron,  and  > 
shall  extend  at  least  two-thirds  of  the  | 
width  ot  the  respective  balcony  or  brack- 
ets. The  brackets  shall  go  through  the 
wall,  and  be  turned  down  at  least  3 inches 
or  be  properly  secured  by  nut  antj  4 inch 
square  washers  at  least  14  inch  thick. 

l‘u  luting. 

All  metal  parts  of  such  balconies  shall 
receive  not  less  than  two  coals  of  paint 
when  erected,  and  kept  well  painted,  to 
avoid  rust  after  completion. 

The  doors  leading  to  and  from  all  fire 
escapes  shall  not  be  less  than  3 ft.  wide 
in  the  clear,  and  arranged  to  open  out- 
, wardly,  or  toward  the  line  of  egress 


when  going  from  the  building.  All  such 
doors,  including  the  casings,  jambs,  etc., 
must  be  entirely  covered  with  metal. 
The  door  loading  from  the  building  to 
the  connecting  balcony  may  be  fastened 
by  bolt  or  lioolc  on  the  inside  of  the  build- 
ing. The  door  leading  to  the  fire  escape 
ft  out  the  connecting  balcony  may  be  fas- 
tened on  the  outside  of  the  fire  escape 
inclosure  by  bolt  or  hook.  The  outlet 
doors  may  be  fastened  on  the  inside  of 
the  fire  escape  inclosure  by  bolt  or  hook. 
The  use  of  locks  on  any  such  doors  1« 
strictly  prohibited. 

Stair*,  platform*.  etc. 

The  stairs  in  all  fire  escape  lnclosures 
shall  be  not  less  than  3 ft.  wide  in  the 
clear.  The  height  of  the  risers  shall  not 
be  more  than  8 inches,  ami  the  width  of 
the  tread  shall  not  be  less  than  9 inches, 
exclusive  of  nosing.  An  Intermediate 
landing  must  be  provided  in  all  stories 
exceeding  12  feet  ‘ti  inches  in  height.  The 
width  of  all,  platforms  or  landings,  shall 
not  be  less  than  3 feet  in  the  clear,  In 
any  direction. 

The  use  of  winders  in  any  such  stairs 
is  strictly  prohibited.  All  such  stairs 
shall  be  provided  with  substantial  hand 
rails. 

Outlet*  from  lire  escape*. 

A direct  and  positive  outlet  must  be 
provided  to  the  street,  or  yard,  at  the 
ground  level  of  all  fire  escape  lnclosures. 
There  shall  also  be  provided  an  outlet 
to  the  roof  of  the  building,  accessible  by 
stairs  to  a properly  inclosed  bulkhead. 

l.lgliting. 

All  fire  escape  luelosures  and  connect- 
ing balconies  shall  be  kept  clean,  unob- 
structed and  properly  lighted.  All  win- 
dows in  any  such  inclosures  shall  be  made 
of  iron  sash,  glazed  with  wire  glass  and 
1 luing  in  iron  frames. 


Regulations  of  the  Bureau  of  Buildings  to  Govern  the  Construction,  Alteration,  Oper- 
ation and  Inspection  of  Mechanical  Amusement  Devices  and  Escalators. 


I The  term  "Mechanical  Amusement 
||.  VI.  . •’  shall  be  taken  to  mean,  and  in- 
li.le.  all  amusement  devices  such  as  Es- 
olaLors.  Scenic  Railways.  Toboggan 
Glides.  Shoot  the  Chutes.  Roller  Coasters, 
Kerris  Wherls.  Air  Ships.  Circle  Swings, 
Revolving  Towers.  Twirl  the  Whirl. 
Wblrl  111-  Whirl.  ZU.  Loop  the  lx>op  and 
all  olhei  similar  amusement  devices 
u-cl  for  the  conveyance  of  persons  for 
purposes  of  pleasure  or  business. 

2.  All  such  amusement  devices  when  In 
use  must  be  Inspected  ut  least  once  In 
each  week,  and  the  Superintendent  of 
Buildings  shall  keep  a record  of  the  con- 
structional and  mechanical  parts  of  each 
device  Inspected,  relative  to  th-lr  con- 
dition as  to  safety  at  the  time  of  the 
Iasi  Inspection. 

{.  Before  any  amusement  device  shall 
be  hereafter  Installed  or  altered  In  the 
Borough  of  Brooklyn,  the  owner,  or  hi* 
agent,  architect  or  rontractor,  shall  be 
required  to  file  a statement  with  the  Hu- 
pfrlnlen  lent  of  BulMlng*  relative  to  *hf* 


mrthod  of  construction  and  mode  of  op- 
eration of  tile  proposed  device,  and  as 
to  tin  nunibi  r of  persons  It  Is  designated 
to  carry  at  any  one  time. 

4.  The  owner,  lessee,  manager  or  other 
person  In  charge  of,  or  having  control  of 
tiny  amusement  device  In  actual  oper- 
ation In  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  must 
attach  to  each  and  every  car,  or  other 
currier,  a sign  plate  upon  which  shall 
! be  Inscribed  the  number  of  persons  per- 
imlttcd  to  rid'  thereon. 

D.  The  number  of  persons  permitted  to 
rlue  on  iinv  amusement,  device  shall  be 
.determined  by  <*  practical  test  to  bo  made 
at  the  expense  of  the  owner,  and  In  the 
| presence  of  the  Superintendent  of  Build* 

' Ings  or  his  representative.  Additional 
i safeguards  must  be  placed  on  any  such 
! device,  where,  In  the  opinion  of  the  Su- 
perintendent, a condition  prevails  that.  In 
the  operation  of  the  dovlco  Ilf*  or  limb 
' would  be  endangered. 

6.  Every  amusement,  device  while  In 
J nj*.erp  t ton  must  he  in  charge  ef  n comp- 


Lent,  person  of  reliable  character,  not  less 
than  twenty-otic  (21)  years  of  ago,  ann 
who  Is  In  possession  of  sufficient  knowl- 
edge and  experience  In  the  management 
of  the  device  in  lit*  charge  to  Insure  the 
safety  of  Its  occupants. 

7.  A block  system  of  automatic  signals 
must  be  provided  on  all  structures  where 
amusement  devices  of  any  kind  arc  lu 
chergs  of  an  operator  and  pass  through  « 
tunnel  or  other  luclosure.  These  signal* 
must  he  arranged  so  es  to  warn  all  op- 
erator* r*  <"»utrer  ahead,  The  system* 

i best  suited  for  tills  purpose  are.  Ill* 
light— red  and  white;  the  urm — red  sud 
white,  and  the  lu  ll. 

8.  Cars  on  incline  railways,  not  In 
charge  of  nu  operator,  which  are  driven 
by  sprocket,  wheel  and  chain,  must  be 
provided  with  mhslontlal  automatic 
brakes,  arranged  so  as  to  Insure  tb* 
snfety  of  Urn  rur  while  ascending  the  In- 
cline. rim.  bi  iltes  must  also  be  pro- 
vided in  (lie  i enter  of  tho  track  bed  for 
*11  aneb  iv  tin  t ' nld  hi  ike*  shall  be 


60 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


made  so  as  to  readily  act  on  and  stop  I 
the  car  at  any  curve,  turn  or  dip  in  the  | 
road. 

9.  Cars  on  incline  railways  which  are  in  [ 
charge  of  an  operator,  and  are  driven  hy 
electricity  or  other  power,  must  be  pro-  I 
vided  with  safety  brake  shoes.  These 
shoes  shall  be  arranged  so  as  to  enable 
the  operator  of  the  car  to  keep  it  under 
his  direct  control;  the  speed  of  all  such 
cars  when  rounding  a curve  shall  be  re- 
duced to  three  miles  per  hour. 

10.  Cars  on  incline  railways  not  in 
charge  of  an  operator  must  be  provided 
with  sprocket  chain  dogs  of  substantial 
make  securely  fastened  to  the  ear.  All 
such  cars  in  charge  of  an  operator  which 
are  driven  by  cable  must  be  provided 
with  a substantial  clutch,  arranged  so  as 
to  be  effectively  handled  by  the  oper- 
ator. When  such  cars  are  driven  by  elec- 
tricity, the  power  conducting  rails,  wires, 
or  system,  through  which  the  current  is  \ 
transmitted,  must  be  placed  safely  out 
of  reach  of  the  passengers.  Substantial 
guard  rails  or  gates  must  be  provided  for 
the  sides  of  all  such  cars. 

31.  All  air  ships,  swings,  boats,  etc., 
which  are  supported  on  cables,  must  be 
provided  with  emergency  cables  properly 
secured  by  bolts  and  nuts  into  the  object 
which  they  are  designed  to  support. 
These  cables  must  be  kept  free  from 
strain,  and  in  number  and  size  be  equal 
to  the  load  they  would  have  to  support 
should  any  permanent  supporting  cable 
break.  All  supporting  cables  must  be 
Insulated.  No  electric  light  wires  will 
be  permitted  to  be  attached  to  the  sup- 
porting cables  of  any  amusement  device. 


12.  All  air  ships  using  elevators  which 
depend  upon  cables  for  support  mmt 
have  a speed  safety  or  governor  connect- 
ed to  the  safety  device  on  the  car.  The 
cars  of  all  such  elevators  must  be  con- 
structed of  fireproof  material  through- 
out. 

13.  The  frames  of  all  Ferris  wheel  cars 
must  be  of  iron  and  made  sufficiently 
strong  to  support  the  load  they  are  per- 
mitted to  carry.  The  supporting  iron 
bands  must  encircle  all  such  cars,  and 
be  securely  fastened  with  bolts  and  nuts. 

i There  must  also  be  provided  an  extra  or 
j emergency  band,  this  to  be  placed  on 
the  center  of  the  car  and  set  with  1-8  or 
1-16  clearance,  and  be  of  sufficient 
strength  and  so  arranged  as  to  safely 
support  the  car  should  one  or  both  of 
the  permanent  supporting  bands  break. 

All  such  cars  must  be  Inclosed  with  a 
heavy  wire  mesh  or  Iron  grill.  The  doors 
of  all  such  cars  must  be  dosed  and  se- 
j curely  fastened  from  the  outside  before 
the  car  leaves  the  platform  with  pas- 
sengers. 

I 14.  Before  any  amusement  device  is 
I started  on  its  journey  the  operators  and 
attendants  who  are  in  charge  of  the  de- 
vice shall  be  required  to  see  that  all 
passengers  are  properly  strapped,  or 
otherwise  secure  against  falling  or  being 
thrown  from  the  device. 

15.  All  machinery  used  in  the  operation 
of  any  mechanical  amusement  device 
must  be  inclosed  by  suitable  partitions,  | 
and  such  inclosures  must  be  lighted.  Free  I 
and  safe  access  must  be  provided  to  all 
parts  of  any  such  machinery.  All  the  > 
moving  parts  of  escalators  must  be  pro-  I 


vided  with  good  and  sufficient  guards,  so 
as  to  prevent  accidents. 

16.  When  an  amusement  device  has  been 
out  of  service  for  any  length  of  time  it 

| shall  not  be  lawful  to  commence  the  op- 
eration of  any  such  device  until  it  has 
been  properly  inspected,  tested  and  ap- 
proved by  the  superintendent  of  build- 
ings. 

17.  The  construction,  alteration  or 
change  of  the  structure,  rails,  machinery 
or  power  of  any  mechanical  amusement 
device  must  be  done  in  a manner  that 
would  he  consistent  with  the  requirement 
of  these  rules  and  regulations.  No  amuse- 
ment device  will  be  permitted  to  operate 

l lhat  has  not  been  inspected,  tested  and 
approved  of  by  the  superintendent  of 
buildings. 

18.  The  owners  or  managers  of  any  me- 
chanical amusement  device  shall  be  re- 
quired to  immediately  cease  in  the  op- 
eration of  any  such  device  that  is  found 

| upon  inspection  to  be  in  an  unsafe  or 
! dangerous  condition,  and  said  owners  and 
j managers  will  be  held  strictly  account- 
| able  for  any  accident  wherein  any  person 
| is  injured  during  the  operation  of  any 
| such  device  that  has  been  declared  to  be 
j in  an  unsafe  and  dangerous  condition  hy 
j the  Bureau  of  Buildings. 

19.  Any  infraction  of  these  rules  and 
regulations,  or  upon  failure  by  the 

j proper  person  to  comply  with  the  pro- 
j visions  thereof,  after  having  received  due 
notice  from  the  superintendent  of  build- 
ings, shall  be  treated  the  same  as  a vio- 
lation of  the  building  code,  and  subject 
the  guilty  person  to  the  penalties  pre- 
scribed in  section  151  of  the  building 
code. 


Regulations  of  the  Bureau 


1.  The  term  "concrete-steel”  in  these . 
regulations  shall  be  understood  to  mean 
an  approved  concrete  mixture  reinforced 
by  steel  of  any  shape,  so  combined  that 
the  steel  will  take  up  the  tensional 
stresses  and  assist  in  the  resistance  to 
•hear. 

2.  Concrete-steel  construction  will  be 
approved  only  for  buildings  which  are  not 
required  to  be  fireproof  by  the  building 
code,  unless  satisfactory  fire  and  water 
tests  shall  have  been  made  under  the 
supervision  of  this  bureau.  Such  tests 
shall  be  made  in  accordance  with  the 
regulations  fixed  by  this  bureau  and  con- 
ducted as  nearly  as  practicable  in  the 
same  manner  as  prescribed  for  fireproof 
floor  fillings  in  Section  J06  of  the  building 
code.  Each  company  offering  a system  of 
concrete-steel  construction  for  fireproof 
buildings  must  submit  such  construction 
to  a fire  and  water  test. 

3.  Before  permission  to  erect  any  con- 
crete-steel structure  is  issued,  complete 
drawings  and  specifications  must  be  filed 
with  the  superintendent  of  buildings, 
Bhowing  all  details  of  the  construction, 
the  size  and  position  of  all  reinforcing 
reds,  stirrups,  etc.,  and  giving  the  com- 
position of  the  concrete. 

4.  The  execution  of  work  shall  be  con- 
fided to  workmen  who  shall  be  under  the 
control  of  a competent  foreman  or  super- 
intendent. 

6.  The  concrete  must  ba  mixed  In  the 
proportions  of’  one  of  content,  two  of 
•and  and  four  of  stone  or  gravel;  or  tbe 
proportions  may  be  such  that  the  re- 
sistance of  the  concrete  to  crushing  shall 
not  be  less  than  2,000  pounds  per  square 
Inch  after  hardening  for  twenty-eight 
days.  The  tests  to  determine  this  value 
must  be  made  under  the  direction  of  the 
superintendent  of  buildings.  The  con- 
crete used  in  concrete-steel  construction 
must  be  what  is  usually  known  as  a 
“wet”  mixture. 

6.  Only  high-grade  Portland  cements 
shall  be  permitted  in  concrete-steel  con- 
struction. Such  cements,  when  tested 
neat,  shall,  after  one  day  in  air,  develop 


of  Buildings  in  Reg'ard  to  the  Use  of  Concrete-Steel 
Consirucfcion. 


a tensile  strength  of  at  least  300  pounds 
per  square  inch;  and  after  one  day  in  air 
and  six  days  in  water  shall  develop  a 
tensile  strength  of  at  least  500  pounds  per 
square  inch;  and  after  one  day  in  air  and 
twenty-seven  days  in  water  shall  develop 
a tensile  strength  of  at  least  600  pounds 
per  square  inch.  Other  tests,  as  to  fine- 
ness, constancy  of  volume,  etc.,  made  in 
accordance  with  the  standard  method 
prescribed  by  the  American  Society  of 
Civil  Engineers’  Committee  may,  from 
time  to  time  be  prescribed  by  the  super- 
intendent of  buildings. 

• The  sand  to  be  used  must  be  clean, 
sharp  grit  sand,  free  from  loam  or  dirt, 
and  shall  not  be  finer  than  the  standard 
sample  of  the  bureau  of  buildings. 

8.  The  stone  used  in  the  concrete  shall 
be  a clean,  broken  trap  rock,  or  gravel, 
of  a size  that  will  pass  through  a ihree- 
quarter  inch  ring.  In  case  it  is  desired  to 
use  any  other  material  or  other  kind  of 
stone  than  that  specified,  samples  of  same 
must  first  be  submitted  to  and  approved 
by  the  superintendent  of  buildings. 

9.  The  steel  shall  meet  the  require- 
ments and  section  twenty-one  of  the 
building  code. 

10.  Concrete-steel  shall  be  so  designed 
that  the  stresses  In  the  concrete  and  the 
steel  shall  not  exceed  the  following 
limits: 

Extreme  fiber  stress 
on  concrete  in  com- 
pression   500  lbs.  per  sq.  In. 

Shearing  stress  In  con- 
crete   so  *i  ««  •*  « 

Concrete  in  direct 

compression 350  '•  •*  n •• 

Tensile  stress  In  steel. 16,000  M **  **  “ 

Shearing  stress  In 

steel  10,000  **  u “ " 

11.  The  adhesion  of  concrete  to  steel 
shall  be  assumed  to  be  not  greater  than 
the  shearing  strength  of  the  concrete. 

12.  The  ratio  of  the  moduli  of  elas- 
ticity of  concrete  and  steel  shall  be  taken 
at  one  to  twelve. 

13.  The  following  assumption  shall 
guide  in  the  determination  of  the  bend- 


ing moments  due  to  the  external  forces. 
Beams  and  girders  shall  be  considered 
as  simply  supported  at  the  ends,  no  al- 
lowance being  made  for  continuous  con- 
| struetion  over  supports.  Floor  plates, 
] when  constructed  continuous  and  when 
! provided  with  reinforcement  at  top  of 
J plate  over  the  supports,  may  be  treated 
j as  continuous  beams,  the  bending  moment 
I f°r  uniformly  distributed  loads  being 
taken  at  not  less  than  —A'  ; the  bending 
moment  may  be  taken  at  in  the 
| case  of  square  floor  plates  which  are  re- 
| forced  in  both  directions  and  supported 
I on  all  sides.  The  floor  plate  to  the  extent 
| of  not  more  than  ten  times  the  width  of 
! any  beam  or  girder  may  be  taken  as  part 
; of  that  beam  or  girder  in  computing  its 
moment  of  resistance. 

14.  The  moment  of  resistance  of  any 
concrete-steel  construction  under  trans- 
verse loads  shall  be  determined  by 
formulae  based  on  the  following  assump- 
tions : 

(a)  The  bond  between  the  concrete  and 
steel  is  sufficient  to  make  the  two  ma- 
tei  ials  act  together  as  a homogeneous 

solid. 

(b)  The  strain  in  any  fiber  is  directly 
proportionate  to  the  distance  of  that  fiber 
from  the  neutral  axis. 

(c)  The  modulus  of  elasticity  of  the 
concrete  remains  constant  within  the 
limits  of  the  working  stresses  fixed  in 
these  regulations. 

From  these  assumptions  it  follows  that 
the  stress  In  any  fiber  is  directly  propor- 
tionate to  the  distance  of  that  fiber  from 
the  neutral  axis. 

The  tensile  strength  of  the  contract 
shall  not  be  considered. 

15.  When  the  shearing  stresses  de- 
veloped In  any  part  of  a concrete-steel 
construction  exceed  the  safe  working 
strength  of  concrete,  as  fixed  In  these 
regulations,  a sufficient  amount  of  steel 
shall  bo  Introduced  In  such  a position 
that  the  deficiency  In  the  resistance  to 
shear  Is  overcome. 

16.  When  the  safe  limit  of  adhesion 


THE  BUILDING  CODE. 


61 


between  the  concrete  and  steel  is  ex- 
ceeded, some  provision  must  be  made  for 
transmitting  the  strength  of  the  steel  to 
the  concrete. 

17.  Concrete-steel  may  be  used  for 
columns  In  which  the  ratio  of  length  to 
least  side  or  diameter  does  not  exceed 


twelve.  The  reinforcing  rods  must  be 
tied  together  at  intervals  of  not  more 
than  the  least  side  or  diameter  of  the 
column. 

18.  The  contractor  must  be  prepared 
to  make  load  tests  on  any  portion  of  a 
concrete-steel  construction,  within  a rea- 


sonable time  alter  erection,  as  often  as 
may  be  required  by  the  superintendent 
of  buildings.  The  tests  must  show  that 
the  construction  will  sustain  a load  of 
three  times  that  for  which  it  is  designed 
without  any  sign  of  failure. 

Approved  September  9th,  1903. 


Provisions  Contained  in  Permit  from  Bureau  of  Highways  to  Place  Building  Mate 


Permission  is  granted  to  place  building  . 
materials  upon  the  street  in  front  of 
premises  in  the  City  of  New  York,  upon  ( 
the  following  conditions: 

1st.  The  portion  of  said  street  to  be 
occupied  shall  not  exceed  one-third  (1-3) 
of  the  width  of  the  carriageway  outside 
curbstone.  The  materials  to  be  placed 
near  the  curbstone  and  directly  in  front 
of  said  premises. 

2d.  The  materials  shall  be  so  placed 
as  not  to  obstruct  the  free  flowage  of 
water  along  the  gutter  in  front  of  or  ad- 
joining said  premises. 

3d  The  sidewalk  in  front  of  said  prem- 
ises shall  be  kept  at  all  times  free  and 
clear  for  pedestrians,  and  suitable  pro- 
visions maintained  when  the  same  is  re- 
moved for  alterations  or  other  purposes. 

4th.  The  material  shall  occupy  a space 
of  uniform  width,  and  shall  not  be 
placed  within  two  (2)  feet  of  any  rail- 
road track,  nor  within  four  (4)  feet  of 
any  city  lamp  post,  or  ten  (10)  feet  of 
any  fire  hydrant.  The  carriageway  of  all 
streets  shall  be  covered  with  planking 
before  such  material  is  placed  therer.i. 
which  planking  shall  be  limited  to  the 
space  included  in  this  permit,  and  shall 
not  interfere  with  the  free  flowage  of  wa- 
ter in  the  gutterways,  and  no  material 


rials  on  Street. 

or  other  incumbrances  shall  be  placed 
upon  the  highway  outside  the  limits  of 
said  planking.  . 

5th.  In  all  cases  suitable  and  sufficient 
lights  are  to  be  placed  upon  such  build- 
ing materials  at  twilight  in  the  evening, 
and  the  same  are  to  be  kept  burning 
every  night  until  such  building  materials 
are  removed  from  such  street. 

6th.  Fences  must  be  erected  to  guard 
excavations  and  to  prevent  pedestrians 
from  falling  into  the  excavations. 

7th.  Asphalt  pavements  must  be  prop- 
erly covered  with  planking  to  protect  the 
same  from  damage,  before  any  building 
materials  are  placed  thereon  Persons 
holding  this  permit  will  be  held  liable 
for  any  damage  sustained  to  these  pave- 
ments through  neglect  to  comply  with 
this  condition. 

8th.  Any  violation  of  the  ordinances 
relating  to  barriers,  erection  of  fences, 
placing  sufficient  lights  to  prevent  acci- 
dents or  failure  to  comply  with  the 
above  conditions,  or  either  of  them,  will 
be  sufficient  cause  for  revocation  of  this 
permit,  and  the  commencement  of  pro- 
ceedings to  recover  penalties  for  the  vio- 
lation of  the  same. 

9th  In  case  of  any  street  opening,  or 
repairing  or  laying  of  water  pipes,  gas 
pipes  subways  or  other  improvement  or 
alteration,  this  permit  is  hereby  revoked. 


and  all  material  must  be  immediately  re- 
moved without  further  notice. 

10th.  No  material  shall  be  placed  on 
unpaved  cuts. 

The  holder  of  this  permit  is  required  to 
replace  any  pavement  disturbed  in  con- 
sequence thereof  in  proper  condition,  and 
to  remove  any  rubbish,  dirt  or  surplus 
material  therefrom,  within  the  time  for 
which  this  permit  is  granted;  and  the 
holder  of  this  permit  shall  notify  the  as- 
sistant commissioner  of  public  works. 
Borough  of  Brooklyn,  on  or  before  the  ex- 
piration of  the  permit,  of  the  time  when 
the  work  to  which  the  permit  applies  is 
completed,  and  no  further  permit  will  be 
issued  to  any  person  who  shall  fall  to 
comply  with  these  conditions. 

Chapter  8,  Section  231,  Ordinances  1880— 
The  owner  or  builder  of  any  house  or 
other  buildings  which  may  be  erecting  or 
repairing  in  The  City  of  New  York,  shall 
cause  all  the  rubbish  of  every  kind  oc- 
casioned thereby  which  may  accumulate 
in  the  street,  or  be  cast  into  the  street, 
and  all  the  ground,  stone,  sand  and  clay 
which  may  be  dug  from  the  cellar  or  yard, 
or  area  or  vault,  and  cast  into  the  street, 
to  be  removed  out  of  said  street  before 
sunset  on  each  day.  under  the  penalty  of 
five  dollars  for  each  day’s  neglect,  to  be 
recovered  from  the  owner  or  builder, 
severally  and  respectively. 


Resolutions  Adopted  by  the  Board  of  Estimate  and  Apportionment  on  April  23, 
1909,  Governing  the  Width  of  Roadways  and  SidewalKs  and  Intended  to  Pre- 
vent the  Erection  of  Buildings  Which  Would  Encroach  on  Streets  Laid  Out 


Upon  the  City  Map. 

Resolved.  That  unless  otherwise  pro-  . 
rlde(]  by  franchise  or  by  a special  rcsolu-  | 
lion  of  this  board,  the  following  rules; 
shall  apply  to  all  streets  which  may  j 
hereafter  be  Improved  within  the  limits 
of  the  city  Of  New  York: 

1 The  roadway  width  of  streets  shall 
be  such  as  to  give  a clear  Bpacc  between 
curb  lines  as  follows: 

(a)  For  streets  less  than  20  feet  wide 
and  used  for  vehicular  traffi  . the  width 
of  the  roadway  shall  correspond  with  the 
street  width,  less  the  space  occupied  by 
the  curb. 

(b)  For  streets  having  a width  ranging 
from  20  feet  to  60  feet  and  not  occupied 
by  a railroad,  the  width  of  the  roadway 
shall  be  60  per  cent,  of  the  total  width 

of  the  street. 

(c)  For  streets  having  a width  ranging 
from  50  feet  to  60  feet  and  not  occupied 
by  a double-track  railroad,  the  roadway 
shall  have  a width  of  30  feet. 

(d)  For  streets  having  a width  ranging 
from  60  feet  to  66  feet  8 inches  and  not 
occupied  by  a double-track  ra  ir  >nd.  the 
width  of  the  roadway  shall  b’  or.e-half 
of  the  total  width  of  the  street. 

(pi  For  nil  streets  having  a width  of 
over  66  feel  8 Inches,  except  those  por- 
tions of  Fifth  avenue  and  of  Forty-second 
street.  Borough  of  Manhattan,  concerning 
the  treatment  of  which  a resolution  was 
sdopted  by  this  board  on  December  18. 
1908,  the  roadway  width  shall  be  80  per 
cent,  of  the  street  width  lesB  20  feet. 


provided,  however,  that  if  the  street  is 
occupied  by  a double-track  railroad  the 
minimum  roadway  width  herein  pre- 
scribed for  such  railroad  shall  be  re- 
quired. 

(f)  For  streets  in  which  there  is  a 
single-track  railroad,  the  minimum  road- 
way width  is  to  be  30  feet. 

(gl  For  streets  In  which  there  Is  a 
double-track  railroad  the  minimum  road- 
way width  is  to  be  40  feet. 

2.  The  curb  corners  at  street  Intersec- 
tions where  the  interior  angle  is  80  de- 
giecs  or  more,  shall  be  turned  with  a 
curve  having  a radius  of  6,  6.  8,  10  or  12 
feet,  this  being  determined  for  each  case 
as  the  nearest  of  these  dimensions  which 
would  represent  10  per  cent,  of  the  width 
of  the  wider  street,  provided,  however, 
that  In  case  the  Interior  angle  Is  less 
than  80  degrees  the  radius  shall  not  be 
1 less  than  20  per  cent,  of  the  distance  be- 
tween the  building  line  corner  and  the 
I point  of  Intersection  of  the  curb  tan- 
1 gents. 

For  intersections  where  the  Interior 
angle  Is  less  than  30  degrees  a tangent 
shall  be  Inserted  In  tho  curb  line  at  Ihe 
eorner  at  right  angles  to  the  line  bisect- 
ing the  said  interior  angle,  and  at  a dis- 
tance from  the  building  line  corner  equiv- 
alent to  the  width  of  the  wider  sidewalk 
of  Ihe  Intersecting  streets,  the  said  dis- 
tance being  measured  along  the  bisecting 
! line.  The  curves  to  connect  this  tangent 
with  the  curb  lines  otherwise  provided 
I for,  shall  each  have  a radius  of  G feel. 


3.  The  roadways  shall  he  centrally  lo- 
cated between  the  street  lines,  and  for 
streets  having  a width  of  20  feet  or  more 
the  remaining  space  on  each  side  of  the 
roadway  shall  bo  designated  as  the  side- 
walk. 

4.  No  encroachment  shall  he  permitted 
upon  any  roadway  unless  authorized  by 
a franchise. 

5.  No  encroachment  of  a permanent 
nature  shall  be  permitted  upon  the  side- 
walk space  of  streets  owned  in  fee,  or 
shall  be  hereafter  permitted  upon  an 
easement  street  between  the  elevation  of 
the  curb  and  a horizontal  piano  10  feet 
above  the  elevation  of  the  curb. 

Resolved.  That  all  ordinances,  resolu- 
tions. permits  and  licenscg  heretofore 
passed,  issued  or  granted  b n0  city  of 
New  York,  or  by  any  board,  body,  coun- 
cil or  officer  thereof,  permitting,  licensing 
or  allowing  an  encroachment  of  any  kind 
or  description  upon  tho  public  streets  In 
conflict  with  the  provisions  of  tills  reso- 
lution are  hereby  In  all  respects  cancelled 
and  revoked,  with  tho  exception  of  Ihe 
resolution  adopted  by  this  board  on  De- 
cember 18,  1808,  relating  to  a portion  of 
Fifth  avenue  and  *o  a portion  of  Forty- 
second  street  Borough  of  Manhattan, 
which  resolution  Is  hereby  perpetuated. 

Whereas,  It  hns  been  determined  by 
a resolution  adopted  by  Ibis  board  »n 
April  23,  1909,  that  no  permanent  on- 
eronrhnienl h shall  hereafter  he  permitted 
ut>oti  the  roadway  of  any  street  which  has 


62 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK, 


been  laid  out  upon  the  map  of  the  City 
of  New  York,  or  upon  that  portion  of  the 
space  between  the  house  line  and  the 
curb  which  is  or  may  be  required  for 
public  use; 

Resolved,  That  the  president  of  each 
borough  be  requested  to  instruct  the  su- 
perintendent of  buildingg  in  his  borough 
to  hereafter  require  that  all  applications 


for  permits  for  new  buildings,  or  for  al- 
terations to  old  buildings  shall  be  ac- 
companied with  a map  showing  the  actual 
relation  of  the  premises  and  the  pro- 
posed building  or  alterations  to  the 
street  line  as  laid  out  upon  the  city  map, 
and  to  refuse  to  issue  a permit  for  any 
such  building  or  alteration  any  part  of 
which  encroaches  upon  the  roadway,  or  I 


upon  the  portion  of  the  sidewalk  space 
between  a horizontal  plane  level  with  the 
curb  line  and  a similar  plane  10  feet 
above  the  curb. 

Resolved,  That  nothing  herein  con- 
tained shall  be  construed  as  granting, 
confirming  or  continuing  any  right  to  the 
, occupation  of  any  portion  of  the  public 
'streets  by  buildings  heretofore  erected. 


Ad  Ordinance  Regulating  the  Placing  of  Electric  Signs  in  the  City  of  New  YorK, 
and  Providing  That  the  Same  Be  Licensed.  — 


AN  ORDINANCE  to  amend  "An  Ordi- 
nance regulating  the  placing  of  elec- 
tric signs  in  The  City  of  New  York, 
and  providing  that  the  same  shall  be 
licensed.” 

Be  it  Ordained  by  the  Board  of  Aider- 
men  of  The  City  of  New  York  as  fol- 
lows 

Section  1.  “An  Ordinance  regulating  the 
placing  of  electric  signs  in  The  City  of 
New  York,  and  providing  that  the  same 
shall  be  licensed,”  adopted  April  30, 
1907,  and  approved  May  7.  1907,  is  hereby 
amended  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

Section  1.  Any  electric  letter,  word, 
model,  sign,  device  or  representation  in 
the  nature  of  an  advertisement,  an-  , 
nouncement  or  direction  erected  at  right 
angles  to  any  building  shall  be  deemed 
to  be  an  electric  sign. 

Sec.  2.  Electric  signs  may  be  hung  or 
attached  at  right  angles  to  buildings,  and 
extend  not  to  exceed  six  feet  therefrom 
in  said  space,  and  to  be  ten  feet  in  the 
clear  above  the  level  of  the  sidewalk  in 
front  of  such  building,  upon  the  payment 
of  an  annual  license  fee  of  10  cents  for 
each  square  foot  of  sign  space  or  part  of 
square  foot  of  such  sign  space,  to  be 
collected  by  the  City  Clerk  of  The  City 
of  New  York.  The  square  feet  of  sign 
space  on  one  side  of  an  electric  sigu. 


however,  shall  be  deemed  to  be  the  entire 
number  of  square  feet  of  sigu  space  for 
the  purpose  of  computing  the  license  fee 
herein  referred  to  and  required  to  be 
paid. 

All  electric  signs  shall  be  constructed 
entirely  of  metal,  including  the  uprights, 
supports  and  braces  for  the  same,  prop- 
erly and  firmly  attached  to  the  building, 
and  shall  be  so  constructed  as  not  to  be 
or  become  dangerous. 

Before  any  permit  is  issued  by  the  City 
Cleric  plans  and  statements  of  the  pro- 
posed sign  and  method  of  attachment  to 
the  building  must  be  filed  with  the  Su- 
perintendent of  Buildings  having  juris- 
diction, as  provided  in  part  2,  section  4. 
of  the  Building  Code,  and  his  certificate 
of  approval  be  obtained  as  to  the  suffi- 
ciency of  the  construction  and  method 
of  attachment  to  the  building.  A cer- 
ticate  must  also  be  obtained  from  the 
Department  of  Water  Supply.  Gas  and 
Electricity,  certifying  that  the  proposed 
electric  wiring  and  electric  appliances 
are  in  conformity  with  the  rules  and 
regulations  of  that  Department. 

A license  issued  hereunder,  before  its 
expiration  or  within  thirty  days  there- 
after. may  he  renewed  upon  payment  of 
,the  license  fee,  without  the  filing  of  a 
new  set  of  plans  and  statements,  pro- 


vided that  the  old  license  be  surrendeteS, 
accompanied  by  satisfactory  proof  to  the 
City  Clerk  in  the  form  of  an  affidavit 
that  the  method  of  hanging,  size  and 
style  of  sign  are  the  same  as  when  orig- 
inally licensed  and  that  the  wiring  6f 
said  sign  is  in  good  condition. 

Sec.  3.  No  certificate  shall  be  given  by 
the  Superintendent  of  Buildings,  and  no 
permit  shall  be  issued  by  the  City  Clerk, 
for  the  erection  of  electric  sign  or  signs 
on  any  building  when  such  building  ad- 
joins a building  occupied  exclusively  as 
a private  residence,  unless  the  written 
consent  of  the  owner  or  owners  of  said 
private  residence  for  the  erection  of  such 
electric  sign  be  first  obtained. 

Sec.  4.  No  electric  sign  shall  be  placed, 
hung  or  maintained,  except  as  in  this 
ordinance  provided,  under  a penalty  of 
ten  dollars  for  each  offense,  and  a fur- 
ther penalty  of  ten  dollars  for  each  day 
or  part  of  a day  the  same  shall  continue. 

Sec.  5.  All  ordinances  or  parts  of  ordi- 
nances inconsistent  or  conflicting  with 
the  provisions  of  this  ordinance  are 
hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  6.  This  ordinance  shall  take  effect 
immediately. 

Adopted  bv  the  Board  of  Aldermen, 
June  22,  1909. 

Approved  by  the  Mayor,  July  1,  1909. 


Statute  Relating  to  Plumbing  in  New  York  City  and  Ruler*  Made  Under  its  Authority 

by  the  Department  of  Buildings. 

See  Also  Section  141  of  the  Building  Code. 


CHAPTER  803,  LAWS  OF  1896. 

AN  ACT  IN  RELATION  TO  PLUMBING 
IN  THE  CITY  OF  NEIV  VORK, 

Section  1.  Once  in  each  year,  ovary 
employing  or  master  plumber  carrying  on 
his  trade,  business  or  calling  in  The  City 
of  New  York,  shall  register  his  name  and 
address  at  the  office  of  the  department  of 
buildings  in  said  city  under  such  rules 
and  regulations  as  said  department  shall 
prescribe,  and  thereupon  he  shall  be  en- 
titled to  receive  a certificate  of  such 
registration  from  said  department,  pro- 
vided, however,  that  such  employing  or 
master  plumber  shall,  at  the  lime  of  ap- 
plying for  such  registration,  hold  a cer- 
tificate of  competency  from  the  examining 
board  of  plumbers  of  said  city.  The  time 
for  making  such  registration  shall  be  dur- 
ing the  month  of  March  in  each  year. 
Where,  however,  a person  obtains  a cer- 
tificate of  competency  at  a time  other 
than  in  the  month  of  March  In  any  year, 
he  may  register  within  thirty  days  after 
obtaining  such  certificate  of  competency, 
but  he  must  also  register  in  the  month 
of  March  in  each  year  as  above  provided. 
Such  registration  may  be  canceled  b.v 
the  superintendent  of  buildings  for  a vio- 
lation of  the  rules  and  regulations  for 
the  plumbing  and  drainage  of  such  city, 
duly  adopted  and  in  force  pursuant  to  the 
provisions  of  this  act,  or  whenever  the. 
person  so  registered  ceases  to  bo  a mas- 
ter or  employing  plumber,  after  a bearing 
bad  before  said  superintendent,  and  upon 


a prior  notice,  of  not  less  than  ten  days.  1 
stating  the  grounds  of  complaint  and  j 
served  upon  the  person  charged  with  the 
violation  of  the  aforesaid  rules  and  regu- 
lations. After  the  passage  of  this  act 
it  shall  not  be  latvful  for  any  person  or 
ro-partnershfp  to  engage  in,  or  carry  on 
the  trade,  business  or  calling  of  employ- 
ing or  master  plumber  in  The  City  of 
New  York,  unless  the  name  and  address 
of  such  person  and  each  and  every  mem- 
ber of  such  co-partnership  shall  have 
been  registered  as  above  provided. 

Sec.  2.  In  The  City  of  New  York  it 
shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  per- 
sons to  expose  the  sign  of  “Plumber”  or 
"Plumbing,”  or  a sign  containing  words 
of  sbttdlar  import  and  meaning,  unless 
said  person  or  persons  shall  have  ob- 
tained a certificate  of  competency  from 
the  examining  board  of  plumbers  of  said 
city,  and  shall  have  registered  as  herein 
provided. 

Sec.  3.  The  department  of  buildings  is 
hereby  charged  with  the  enforcement  of 
! the  provisions  of  this  act,  through  the 
I superintendent  of  buildings,  and  in  addi- 
■ t.ion  to  such  officers  or  employes  as  are 
now  provided  hv  law  to  be  appointed  by 
him,  he  shall  appoint,  inspectors  of 
plumbing.  It  shall  not  be  lawful  for  any 
inspector  of  plumbing  of  said  department 
to  engage  in  conducting  or  carrying  on 
business  as  a plumber  while  holding  of- 
fice therein.  Any  inspector  of  plumbing 
for  any  neglect  of  ditty  or  omission  to 
properly  perform  his  duty,  or  violation 
1 of  rules,  or  neglect  or  disobedience  of 


orders,  or  Incapacity,  or  absence  without 
leave,  may  be  punished  by  the  superin- 
tendent of  buildings,  by  forfeiting  and 
withholding  pay  for  a specified  time,  or 
I by  suspension  from  duty  with  or  withou' 
pay;  but  this  provision  shall  not  he 
deemed  to  abridge  the  right  of  said 
superintendent  to  remove  or  dismiss  any 
inspector  of  plumbing  from  the  service 
of  said  department  at  any  time  in  his 
discretion. 

Sec.  4.  The  duties  of  inspectors  of 
plumbing  appointed  under  the  provisions 
of  this  act,  in  addition  to  those  which 
may  be  required  by  the  superintendent 
of  buildings,  shall  be  to  inspect  the  con- 
struction and  alteration  of  all  plumbing 
work  performed  in  said  city,  and  to  re- 
port iu  writing  the  result  of  such  in- 
spection to  the  superintendent.  The  said 
inspectors  shall  also  ascertain  whether 
the  employing  or  master  plumber  having 
charge  of  the  construction,  repairing  or 
alteration  of  any  plumbing  work  per- 
formed in  The  City  of  New  York  is  regis- 
tered. as  herein  provided,  and  if  such 
person  is  not  registered,  then  such  in- 
spector shall  forthwith  report  to  sa'd 
department  the  name  of  such  plumber. 
The  department  of  buildings  may  present 
a petition  to  a Justice  of  the  supremo 
, court  or  to  >»  spe-ial  term  thereof  for 
j an  order  restraining  the  person  so  re- 
ported from  actlpg  as  an  employing  or 
master  plumber  until  he  registers  pur- 
suant to  the  provisions  of  this  act.  Sail 
i petition  shall  state  that  th»  said  person 
is  engaged  iD  plumbing  work  as  an  em- 


THHE  BU1LLDING  CODE. 


63 


ploying  or  master  plumber  without  hav-  j 
ing  so  registered,  and  shall  be  more  than 
six  days  after  the  granting  thereof,  to 
show  cause  why  he  should  not  be  per- 
manently enjoined  until  he  has  obtained 
a certificate  of  registration  as  herein  re- 
quired. A copy  of  such  petition  and  or- 
der shall  be  served  upon  3urh  person  not 
less  than  twenty-four  hours  before  the 
return  thereof.  On  the  date  specified  in 
such  order  the  justice  or  court  before 
whom  the  same  is  returnable  shall  hear 
the  proofs  of  the  parties,  and  may,  if  he 
deems  necessary,  take  testimony  in  rela- 
tion to  the  allegations  of  the  petition. 
If  the  justice  or  court  is  satisfied  that 
such  plumber  is  practicing  without  hav- 
ing registered  as  provided  by  this  act,  an 
order  shall  be  granted  enjoining  him 
from  acting  as  an  employing  or  maste- 
plumber  until  he  has  so  registered.  No 
undertaking  shall  be  required  a3  a con- 
dition to  the  granting  or  issuing  of  such 
injunction  order  or  by  reason  thereof. 
If  after  the  entry  of  such  order  in  the 
county  clerks'  office  of  The  City  and 
County  of  New  York  such  person  shall, 
in  violation  of  such  order,  practice  a3 
employing  or  master  plumber. ,,  he  shall 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a criminal  contempt 
of  court  and  be  punished  as  for  a crim- 
inal contempt  in  the  manner  provided  by 
ihe  coda  of  civil  procedure,  but  in  no 
, ass  shall  tlm  department  of  buildings 
be  liable  for  costs  in  any  such  proceed- 
ing but  they  may  be  allowed  against  the 
defendant  or  defendants  in  the  discre- 
tion of  the  justice  or  court. 

Sec.  5.  Hereafter  the  plumbing  and 
drainage  of  all  buildings,  both  public 


and  private,  in  The  City  of  Xew  York, 
shall  be  executed  in  accordance  with  the 
rules  and  regulations  adopted  by  the  su- 
perintendent of  buildings.  Said  rules  and 
regulations  and  any  change  thereof  shall 
be  published  in  the  “City  Record  ’ on 
eight  successive  Mondays  before  the  samo 
shall  become  operative.  Suitable  draw- 
ings and  descriptions  of  the  said  plumb- 
ing and  drainage  shall  in  each  case  be 
submitted  and  placed  on  file  in  the  de- 
partment of  buildings,  and  the  same  shall 
not  be  commenced  or  proceeded  with 
until  the  said  drawings  and  descriptions 
shall  have  been  so  filed  and  approved  by 
the  superintendent  of  buildings.  Repairs 
or  alterations  of  such  plumbing  or  drain- 
age mav  be  made  without  the  filing  and 
approval  of  drawings  and  descriptions  m 
the  department  of  buildings,  but  such 
repairs  or  alterations  shall  not  be  con- 
strued to  include  cases  where  new  verti- 
cal or  horizontal  lines  of  soil,  waste,  vent 
or  leader  pipes  are  proposed  to  be  used. 
Notice  of  such  repairs  or  alterations 
shall  be  given  to  the  said  department 
before  the  same  are  commenced  in  such 
cases  as  shall  be  prescribed  by  the  rules 
and  regulations  of  the  said  department, 
and  the  work  shall  be  done  in  accord- 
ance with  the  said  rules  and  regulations. 

Sec.  6.  Whenever  any  inspector  or  any 
I person  reports  a violation  of  any  of  said 
ruler,  and  regulations,  or  a deviation  from 
! any  said  drawings  and  descriptions  filed 
j with  and  approved  by  the  superintendent 
of  buildings,  said  department  shall  first 
j serve  a notice  of  such  violation  upon  the 
plumber  doing  the  work.  Such  notice 
i may  be  served  personally  or  by  mail,  and 


if  bv  mail  it  may  be  addressed  to  such 
plumber  at  the  address  registered  by  him 
at  the  department  of  buildings,  but  the 
failure  of  an  employing  or  master 
plumber  to  register  pursuant  to  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act  will  relieve  the  said 
department  from  th"  requirement  of  giv- 
ing such  notice.  Unless  said  violation  is 
removed  or  in  process  of  removal  within 
three  days  of  the  date  of  serving  or 
mailing  such  notice,  exclusive  of  the  day 
of  serving  or  mailing,  the  said  depart- 
ment may  proceed  as  hereinafter  pro- 
vided. A master  or  employing  plumber 
within  the  meaning  of  this  act  is  any 
person  who  hires  or  employs  a person  or 
persons  to  do  plumbing  work. 

Sec.  7.  Any  person  violating  any  of  th« 
provisions  of  sections  one,  two  and  flv* 
of  this  act  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  shall 
be  fined  for  each  offense  in  a sum  not 
exceeding  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars, 
or  by  imprisonment  for  a term  not  ex- 
ceeding three  months,  or  by  both,  and 
in  addition  shall  forfeit  any  certificate  of 
competency  or  registration  which  he  may 
hold  under  the  provisions  thereof. 

Sec.  8.  The  attorney  of  said  depart- 
ment of  buildings  shall  prosecute  all 
actions  for  injunction  authorized  under 
the  provisions  of  this  act,  and  shall  also 
take  charge  of  the  prosecution  of  all 
persons  under  section  seven  thereof. 

Sec.  9.  Nothing  herein  contained  shall 
be  so  construed  as  to  abrogate  or  im- 
pair any  of  the  powers  of  the  health  de- 
partment of  The  City  of  New  Y'ork. 


General  Statute  Relating  to  Plumbing  and  Drainage. 


Eiainini  n K Board*  of  Plumber*  In 

Cltiea. 

Sec.  40.  The  existing  boards  for  the  ex- 
amination of  plumbers  in  cities  of  this 
state  are  continued  and  each  shall  here- 
after be  known  as  the  examining  board 
of  plumbers.  Such  board  in  each  city 
shall  continue  to  consist  of  five  persons 
to  be  appointed  by  the  mayor,  of  whom 
•wo  shall  be  employing  or  master  plumb- 
ers of  Dot  less  than  ten  years  experience 
n the  business  of  plumbing  and  one 
shall  be  a Journeyman  plumber  of  like 
experience,  and  *rhe  other  members  o. 
such  board  shall  be  the  chief  inspector  of 
plumbing  and  drainage  of  the  board  ol 
health  of  such  city,  or  officer  performing 
i ne  duties  of  such  inspector,  and  the 
<hi»f  engineer  having  charge  of  sowers  in 
such  city;  but,  in  the  event  of  there  being 
no  such  officers  in  such  city,  then  any  two 
o her  officer*  having  charge  or  supervi- 
sion of  the  plumbing,  drainage,  or  sewer- 
age whom  the  mayor  shall  designate  or 
appoint  or  two  member*  of  'he  board  of 
health  of  such  city  having  like  duties  or 
acting  In  like  capacities. 

Term  of  Offices  Viicnncle*. 

8ec  41.  The  term  of  office  of  each  mem- 
ber of  such  board  shall  be  three  years 
from  the  first  day  of  January  following 
hla  appointment.  Vacancies  occurring  by 
expiration  of  a term  shall  be  filled  by 
the  mayor  for  a full  term.  Vacancies  by 
death,  removal.  Inability  to  act.  resigna- 
tion or  removal  from  the  city  of  any 
member  shall  bo  filled  by  him  for  the 
unexplred  term.  The  chief  Inspector  of 
plumbing  and  drainaje  and  the  engineer 
In  charge  of  sewer*,  or  the  officer*  bold- 
ing equivalent  positions  or  acting  in  like 
i » parities  designated  or  appointed  by  the 
mayor  as  herein  provided,  shall  be  «X- 
offlrio  members  of  such  examining  board: 
and  when  they  shall  cease  to  hold  then 
offices  by  reason  or  on  account  of  which 
i he y were  »■>  designated  or  appointed, 
ihelr  stu  .cssors  shall  a*  t on  the  examin- 
ing board  la  ihelr  atead. 

4 oiupeti*nf Ion  of  .Members  of  Board. 

Sec.  42.  Tho  master  and  Journeyman 
p..nu  ! i serving  a*  members  of  such 


1 board  shall  severally  be  paid  the  rate  of  j 
five  dollars  per  day  for  each  day’s  serv- 
I ice  when  actually  engaged  in  the  per-  | 
formance  of  the  duties  pertaining  to  the 
office;  but  such  compensation  shall  not  | 
j exceed  five  dollars  per  month  in  a city  of 
1 the  third  class,  nor  the  sura  of  ten  dol- 
lars per  month  in  a city  of  the  second 
1 class,  nor  the  sum  of  twenty  dollars  per 
I month  in  a city  of  the  first  class.  It 
shall  be  the  duty  of  such  ex-officio  mem- 
bers of  the  board  of  examiners  to  dis- 
charge their  duties  as  members  of  such  j 
board  without  compensation  thereof. 

ifiiRl  iflen  I ion  a. 

Sec.  43.  All  members  of  such  board 
shall  be  'ill.  ten  a and  actual  residents 
of  the  cities  in  which  they  are  ap- 
pointed. 

Powtr*  nnd  Ditflr*. 

Sec.  41.  The  several  examining  hoards 
of  plumbers  shall  have  punor  and  it  shall 
be  their  duty:  . 

j.  To  meet  at  stated  intervals  in  their 
respective  cities;  they  shall  also  meet 
whenever  the  board  of  health  of  such 
city  or  the  mayor  thereof  shall,  in  writ- 
ing, request  them  to  do  so. 

To  have  Jurisdietion  over  and  to  ex- 
amine all  persons  desiring  or  intending 
to  engage  In  the  trade,  business,  or  call- 
ing of  plumbing  as  employing  plumbers 
In  the  Hty  in  which  such  board  shall  be 
appointed  with  the  power  of  examining 
person*  applying  for  certificates  of  com- 
petency as  such  employing  or  master 
plumbers  or  as  Inspectors  of  plumbing, 
to  determine  their  fltnesH  and  quallflca- 
| tions  for  eondueting  tho  business  as  mus- 
ter plumber*  or  to  art  as  Inspectors  of 
plumbing,  and  to  l**uo  certificates  of 
, rompetency  to  all  such  persons  who  shall 
\ have  passed  a satisfactory  examination 
before  such  board  and  shall  be  by  It  de- 
termined to  be  qualified  for  conducting 
Ihe  business  a*  employing  or  master 
plumber*  or  competent  to  act  as  Inspect- 
or* of  plumbing. 

I 3.  To  formulate.  In  conjunction  wiiit 
the  local  board  of  health  of  the  city  or  an 
officer,  hoard,  or  body  performing  the  du- 
ties of  a board  of  health,  a code  of  rule* 
regulating  the  work  of  plumbing  »nl 


drainage  in  such  city,  including  the  ma- 
terials, workmanship  and  manner  of  exe- 
cuting such  work,  and  from  time  to  time 
to  add  to,  amend,  or  alter  the  same. 

4.  To  charge  and  collect  _ from  each 
person  applying  for  examination  the  sum 
of  five  dollars  for  each  examination  made 
by  such  board,  and  al’  moneys  so  collec- 
ted shall  be  paid  over  by  the  board 
monthly  to  the  chamberlain  or  treasurer 
of  such  city  iu  which  such  board  shall 
be  appointed. 

Tlxn  m inntlon* : Coucl  nc4  In  ir  Hualne** 
Without  Ortlflcnlp  I’rohihilrd. 

Sec.  45.  A person  desiring  or  intending 
to  conduct  the  trade,  business  or  calling 
of  a plumber  or  of  plumbing  in  a city 
or  this  state  as  employing  or  master 
plumber,  shall  lie  required  to  submit  to 
an  examination  before  such  examining 
board  of  plumbers  as  to  his  experience 
and  qualification*  for  such  trade,  busi- 
ness or  calling,  and  it  filial l not  bn  law- 
ful in  any  city  of  this  state  for  a person 
to  conduct  such  trade,  business,  or  call- 
ing. unless  he  shall  have  first,  obtained 
a certificate  of  competency  from  such 
board  of  the  city  in  which  lie  conduct* 
or  proposes  to  conduct  such  business. 

neglalr* 4 Ion,  When  Required. 

See.  46.  Every  employing  or  master 
plumber  carrying  on  his  trade,  busines* 
or  calling  in  any  city  of  this  stato  shall 
register  his  name  and  address  at  tho 
office  of  the  board  of  health  of  the  city 
In  which  he  shall  conduct  such  business, 
under  such  rules  as  the  respective  boards 
I of  health  of  each  of  tho  cities  shall  pro- 
scribe,  and  thereupon  he  shall  be  entitled 
I to  rocelve  a certificate  of  such  registra- 
tion, provided,  however,  that  such  om- 
oloying  or  master  plumber  shall  at.  th« 
time  of  *pplylng  for  such  registration 
! held  a rerMficate  of  competency  from  an 
! examining  board  of  plumber*. 

4 n ncrllRl  Inn  «»f  I4r|il*4  rn  lion  t lolle*. 

See.  47.  Such  reglsi  ra  I Ion  ina>*  be  can- 
r | f*d  bv  such  board  of  health  for  a vio- 
lation of  th*  rules  «nd  regulation*  for 
the  plumbing  and  drainage  of  such  city 
i duly  adopted  and  enforced  thorcln.  after 


64 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


a hearing  had  before  such  board  of  health 
and  upon  a prior  notice  of  not  less  than 
ten  days  stating  the  ground  of  complaint 
and  served  on  the  person  charged  with 
the  violation,  but  such  revocation  shall 
not  be  operative  unless  concurred  in  by 
the  local  board  of  examiners.  It  shall 
not  be  lawful  for  any  person  to  engage 
in  or  carry  on  the  trade,  business  or 
calling  of  an  employing  or  master  plumb- 
er in  any  of  the  cities  of  this  state,  unless 
his  name  and  address  shall  have  been 
registered  in  the  city  in  whitfti  he  carries 
on  or  conducts  such  business. 
Inspectors;  Qualifications:  Notice. 

Sec.  48.  The  local  board  of  health  or 
the  commissioner  or  commissioners  of 
the  board  of  health,  or  the  department 
thereof,  as  the  case  may  be,  shall  detail, 
designate  or  appoint  an  inspector  or  in- 
spectors of  plumbing,  subject,  however, 
to  the  provisions  or  limitations  of  law, 
regulating  the  appointment  of  such  in- 
spectors by  such  commissioner  or  com- 
missioners or  board  or  department  of 
health  of  such  city.  All  inspectors  of 
plumbing  who  are  detailed,  designated  or 
appointed  shall  be  practical  plumbers 
and  shall  not  be  engaged  directly  or  indi- 
rectly in  the  business  of  plumbing  dur- 
ing the  period  of  their  appointment.  They 
shall  be  citizens  and  actual  residents  of 
the  city  in  which  they  are  appointed,  and 
before  entering  upon  the  discharge  of 
their  duties  as  such  inspectors,  shall 
each  be  required  to  obtain  a certificate  of 
competency  from  said  examining  board. 
They  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  com- 
pensation not  exceeding  five  dollars  per 
day,  for  each  day  of  actual  service,  to 
be  fixed  by  the  board,  commission  or  de- 
partment making  such  appointment. 
Duties  of  Inspectors;  Keports. 

Sec.  49.  The  inspector  or  inspectors  of 
plumbing  appointed  under  the  provisions 
of  the  preceding  sections,  in  addition  to 
the  duties  prescribed  by  law,  and  those 
which  may  be  enjoined  or  required  by 
the  commissioner  of  health,  the  board  of 
health,  or  the  health  department  of  the 
city  in  which  they  shall  be  appointed, 
shall  be  to  inspect  the  construction  and 
alteration  of  all  plumbing  work  per- 
formed in  such  city,  and  to  report  in 
writing  the  results  of  such  inspection  to 
such  commissioner  of  health  or  the 
board  of  health  or  the  health  department 
of  their  respective  cities.  They  shall  also 
report  in  like  manner  any  person  en- 
gaged in  or  carrying  on  the  business  of 
employing  plumber,  without  having  the 
certificate  hereinbefore  provided. 


Expiration  and  Renewals  of  Certifi- 
cates and  Licenses. 

Sec.  50.  All  certificates  of  registration 
issued  under  the  provisions  of  the  pre- 
ceding sections  and  all  licenses  author- 
izing connections  with  street  sewers  or 
water  mains  shall  expire  on  the  thirty- 
first  daf  of  December  of  the  year  in 
which  they  shall  be  issued,  and  may  be 
renewed  within  thirty  days  preceding 
such  expiration.  Such  renewals  to  be  for 
one  year  from  the  first  day  of  January  in 
each  year. 

Notice  of  Violation  of  Rnlea. 

Sec.  51.  Whenever  any  inspector  or 
other  person  reports  a violation  of  any 
of  such  rules  and  regulations  for  plumb- 
ing and  drainage,  or  a deviation  from 
any  officially  approved  plan  or  specifica- 
tion for  plumbing  and  drainage  filed  v'th 
I any  board  or  department,  the  local  board 
I of  health  shall  first  serve  a notice  of  the 
I violation  thereof  upon  the  master 
plumber  doing  the  work,  if  a registered 
plumber. 

Notice,  How  Served;  Proceedings 
When  Violations  Not  Removed. 

Sec.  52.  Such  notice  may  be  served  per- 
sonally or  by  mail,  and  if  by  mail  it  may 
be  addressed  to  such  master  plumber  at 
the  address  registered  by  him  with  the 
local  board  of  health,  but  the  failure  of 
a master  plumber  to  register  will  re- 
lieve any  board  of  health  from  the  re- 
quirement of  giving  notice  of  violation. 
Unless  the  violation  is  removed  within 
three  days  after  the  day  ot  serving  or 
mailing  such  notice,  exclusive  of  the  day 
of  serving  or  mailing,  the  board  of 
health  may  proceed  according  to  law. 

Plumbing  and  Drainage  to  Be  Exe- 
cuted According  to  Rules. 

Sec.  63.  The  plumbing  and  drainage  of 
all  buildings,  both  public  and  private,  in 
each  of  the  cities  of  the  state  shall  be 
executexl  in  accordance  with  the  rules  and 
regulations  adopted  by  the  local  board  of 
examining  plumbers,  in  conjunction  with 
the  board  of  health  for  plumbing  and 
drainage,  and  all  repairs  and  alterations 
in  the  plumbing  and  drainage  of  all  build- 
ings heretofore  constructed  shall  also  be  | 
executed  in  accordance  with  such  rules 
and  regulations;  but  this  sedtion  shall  not 
be  construed  to  repeal  any  existing  pro- 
visions of  law  requiring  plans  for  the 
plumbing  and  drainage  of  new  buildings 
to  be  filed  with  any  local  board  of  health 
and  to  be  previously  approved  in  writing 
by  such  board  of  health  and  to  be  exe- 


cuted In  accordance  therewith,  except 
that,  in  case  of  any  conflict  with  such 
plans,  rules  and  regulations  of  the  board 
of  examiners  the  latter  shall  govern. 

Office  Room;  Expenses  a City  Charge 

Sec.  54  Each  of  such  examining  boards 
of  plumbers  shall  have  power  to  procure 
suitable  quarters  for  the  transaction  of 
business,  to  provide  the  necessary  books 
and  stationery,  and  to  employ  a clerk  to 
keep  such  books  and  record  the  transac- 
tions of  such  board.  The  board  of  esti- 
mate and  apportionment  or  the  common 
council  of  a city,  as  the  case  may  be, 
shall  annually  insert  in  their  tax  levy 
a sufficient  sum  to  meet  all  the  expendi- 
tures incurred  under  the  provisions  of 
this  article.  The  expenses  incurred  by 
the  several  examining  boards  of  plumb- 
ers in  the  execution  and  performance  of 
the  duties  imposed  by  this  article  shall 
be  a charge  on  the  respective  cities  and 
shall  be  audited,  levied,  collected,  and 
paid  in  the  same  manner  as  other  city 
charges  are  audited,  levied,  collected  and 
paid. 

Violations,  How  Panlshed. 

Sec.  55.  Any  person  violating  any  of  the 
provisions  of  this  article,  or  any  rules  or 
regulations  of  the  board  of  health  or  of 
the  examining  board  of  plumbers  in  any 
city  regulating  the  plumbing  and  drainage 
of  buildings  in  such  city,  shall  be  guilty 
of  a misdemeanor,  and  on  conviction,  if  a 
master  plumber,  shall  in  addition  forfeit 
any  certificate  of  competency  or  regis- 
tration which  he  may  hold  under  the  pro- 
visions thereof. 

Issne  of  Licenses  to  Connect  Wltli 
Sewers  and  Water  Mains,  Re- 
stricted. 

Sec.  56.  The  commissioner  of  public 
works  of  any  city,  or  the  officer  or  officers 
acting  in  a like  capacity  in  any  of  the 
cities  of  this  state,  and  having  charge  of 
| Ihe  sewers  and  water  mains  therein,  shall 
not  issue  a license  to  any  one  to  connect 
! with  the  sewers  or  with  the  water  mains 
of  such  cities,  unless  such  person  has  ob- 
| tained  and  shall  produce  a certificate  of 
competency  from  the  examining  board  of 
such  city. 

Article  Limited. 

Sec.  57.  Nothing  in  this  article  shall 
affect  or  supersede  any  provision  of  chap- 
ter eight  hundred  and  three  of  the  law* 
of  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-six,  re- 
lating to  plumbing  in  The  City  of  New 
York. 


Rule  : Application  for  the  Building  of  a Tenement  House.  Thrc  ":ts  of 


Applications 

The  following  drawings  must  be  fur- 
nished: Plans  of  all  floors,  including  cel- 
lar, basement  and  roof,  an  elevation 
showing  heights  of  stories,  a section 
showing  stairs  and  stair-hall  windows, 
and,  if  necessary,  transverse  and  longi- 
tudinal sections.  Also  a city  surveyor’s 
plan  of  the  plot,  showing  all  encroach- 
ments and  the  required  information  rela- 
tive to  width  and  grade  of  street,  size, 
location  and  depth  of  flow-line  of  sewer. 
All  plans  must  be  drawn  to  a uniform 
scale,  not  less  than  one-quarter  inch  to 
the  foot,  and  be  on  linen  tracing  cloth 
oh  ibe  cloth  prints.  After  approval  by 
the  Tenement  House  Department,  one  set 
of  pans  and  a (certificate  of  approval 
will  be  at  once  forwarded  to  the  Bureau 
of  Buildings  by  the  department. 

The  dimensions  and  boundaries  of  each 
lot  must  be  clearly  marked  on  plans,  as 
must,  the  clear  measurements  of  all 
courts,  yards,  shafts,  rooms,  stairs  and 
halls,  the  location  of  all  fire  escapes, 
and  the  use  to  which  each  room  and  the 
several  portions  of  the  cellar  are  to  be 
put.  With  each  application  not  persou- 


and  Two  Sets  of  Drawings  1 

ally  signed  by  the  owner,  must  he  filed 
a written  statement  (see  page  8).  au- 
thorizing the  person  signing  this  appli- 
cation to  make  such  application.  There- 
after no  person  other  than  the  owner 
whose  signature  appears  in  the  papers, 
or  the  person  authorized  by  him  as  above 
explained,  will  be  recognized  by  the  de- 
partment. A new  owner  or  a new  archi- 
tect may  be  substituted  during  the  prog- 
ress of  the  work  only  after  filing  a new 
authorization  as  per  page  6. 

With  each  application  shall  also  be  filed 
a block  plan,  on  sheet  8Vixl3V£  in. 
(on  linen  tracing  cloth  or  cloth  print), 
giving  dimensions  and  boundaries  of  each 
lot.  distance  of  same  from  adjacent 
streets,  the  size  of  the  building,  with 
general  dimensions,  including  dimensions 
of  all  courts,  yards,  areas,  shafts  and  off- 
sets from  the  same.  Also  the  distance  ot 
the  street  sewer  from  the  building  line. 
Its  diameter,  and  the  distance  of  the  flow 
line  below  the  curb  level.  Also  all  en- 
croachments upon  said  lot.  above  or  be- 
low curb  level  and  the  grade  of  streets 
bounding  such  lot,  with  profile  of  same  If 
necessary. 

All  amendments  to  plans  and  appUca 


Be  Filed. 


tions  must  be  made  on  a separate  blank 
provided  for  that  purpose,  and  where 
changes  effecting  the  sizes  of  lots,  build- 
ings. courts,  rooms,  or  halls  are  made, 
separate  drawings  showing  such  changes 
must  be  filed,  If  required  by  the  depart- 
ment. Amendments  must  be  typewritten. 
All  important  changes  made  in  drawings 
! or  applications,  after  the  date  of  orig- 
! inal  filing,  must  be  made  in  red  ink.  and 
j each  such  change  or  correction  dated  and 
j initialed  or  signed  by  the  person  making 
I the  same.  Corrected  drawings  will  be 
! required  if  changes  made  in  the  opinion 
| of  the  department  make  same  necessary. 
I Note.— When  it  is  proposed  to  convert 
or  alter  to  the  purposes  of  a tenement 
house  a building  not  erected  for  such 
purpose,  the  form  of  application  used  for 
the  erection  of  a new  tenement  house 
must  be  filed  in  the  department  and  must 
he  completely  filled  out. 

Warning.— The  approval  of  plans,  pro- 
cured bv  misrepresentation  of  facts  or 
conditions,  misstatements  In  applications 
or  through  improper  action  by  any  off!  er 
or  employee  of  this  department,  does  not 
legalize  an  illegal  construction,  arrange- 
ment or  condition. 


The  Sanitary  Code — Contents 


Sections  ! 

Adulterations,  etc *5.  68.  63 

Agent*,  to  give  Information 60 

Alcoholic  spirits,  distilling  of 34  ( 

Animal  food,  age  of 63 

Aalmal  matter  putrid,  not  to  be  thrown 

Into  the  streets,  sewers,  etc y • 1JJ3 

mals.  dangerous  or  offensive TO,  75 

body  not  to  be  carted  through  the  street 

unless  covered  {-> 

not  to  be  kept  In  Infected  places •- 

slaughtering  of 8-.  $•>.  do 

t.aughtering  of.  prohibited  below  Thir- 
ty-ninth street  

not  to  be  killed  or  dressed  in  market..  $- 

dead.  sick  and  injured 1-4.  132 

alck  with  contagious  diseases  to  be  re- 

report  125.  127.  130.  132 

, dead,  entrails,  etc.,  of 45 

i not  taken  to  market  till  cool 45 

not  to  be  throw  n into ' the  streets, 

sewers  etc 9S.  102,  103,  1?S 

not  to  be  skinned  in  street 131 

glue  making,  etc.,  from 91 

duties  of  contractors  for 9.  114 

mad  132 


I 


age*of.  whose  meat  may  be  sold”"”!'  ! 19  Butchers  require  permits  *■> 

...  , ...  11*1  f j"\  e 1 1 a n ine  itnn  I 


ISO 


Sections 

Building,  precaution  to  be  observed  in..  118 

Buildings,  construction  of,  etc 16.  85.  89.91 

to  be  ventilated,  sewered,  etc 16 

when  not  to  be  let  J* 

n hen  to  contain  nothing  offensive  ....  WJ 

overcrowding  of  *» 

definition  ** 

for  dwelling  or  lodging  not  allowed  on 

same  lot  as  slaughter-house  So 

manufacture  of  illuminating  gas.  plans 

to  be  approved 69 

for  certain  occupations,  not  to  be  erect- 
ed without  permit  94 

for  slaughtering  animals,  construction. 

location,  etc  83.  84,  So 

contagious  disease,  persons  sick  or  ex- 
posed not  to  be  taken  from  1“6 

Burial,  mode  of  

returns  of.  to  be  made  163.  167.  179 

Burial  permits  163A 

Burning  material,  not  to  be  done  without 

permit  HI 

Burying-places  168 

persons  In  charge  of  167.  179 

Business,  dangerous  or  detrimental  to 

health  8S.  92 

offensive,  requiring  permit  94 

"Butcher.”  meaning  of  7 


dead,  piers  and  docks  for 113.  114.  11 

skinning,  business  of 90.  9! 

diseased  or  injured,  to  be  reported. 

125  127.  130 

diseased  134.  125,  127.  132 

Injured  or  diseased,  how  killed 129 

who  may  Interfere  with 129 

dead  or  past  recovery  to  be  removed...  129 
with  hydrophobia  or  exposed  thereto...  132 

Animal  substance,  deposit  of 190 

Antitoxin  148 

Apartments,  when  not  to  be  occupied — 17.  18 

Ash  boxes 19S,  109 

Ash  carts,  construction  of 121 

"Ashes."  meaning  of - 

Ash»».  delivery  of.  to  carts 110 


to  allow  inspection  69 

to  give  information  60 

to  keep  places  clean  85 

Butchers’  Ice-boxes,  refrigerators,  etc 59 

offal  and  garbage  103.  129 

refuse,  manner  of  transporting  87 

Butter,  unwholsesome  32 


Calves,  young,  meat  from  13 

Canipe  erected  In  city  186 

Canals,  flith  not  to  be  discharged  into 38 

Candies  and  confectionery  46 

I Carbolic  acid,  sale  of  67 


I 


receptacles  for  198  i Carelessness,  responsibility  for  8 

removing  of 108,  119  <~ar g„  from  quarantine  153 

net  to  be  mixed  with  garbake 108  i Carpet  beating  118 

not  to  be  sifted  In  street 118  | Cars,  railroad,  cushions  17 


’ not  to  be  thrown  Into  streets  or  rivers.  100 
persons  engaged  In  removing. 

’ 111.  114.  119.  121 

from  forges,  etc 96 

Aslatlo  cholera  133.  141.  142 

Authorities — public  and  private,  to  obser\c 
regulst'ons  preventing  spread  of  pul- 
aior.ary  tuberculosis  138 


B 


Barber  shops,  to  be  conducted  In  accord- 
ance with  regulations 179 

Basins  to  have  proper  traps 33 

Bath  pipes  not  to  be  connected  with  water 

closet  pipes  83 

Bath  prom,  sleeping  In i IS 

Bathing  houses  at  seashore 26 

Baths  to  be  trapped 33 

Bedding  for  vessels  132.  157 

etaales  Cl 

Beverage,  beer  or  drink  51 

not  to  be  wold  In  cemeteries 168 

Birds  1 42  58,  89  j 

not  sound  and  fresh 42,  58  1 

not  s>und.  mode  of  treating 58 

mode  of  keeping  83 

offensive  128 

(hat  died  by  disease  or  accident c 

seizure  of 58 

noisy  18) 

Births,  deaths  and  marriages I5«  162 

assistants  at.  duties  of 

falwt  certificates  of 

for  r«rl*p  of  certificate* 

v.  fife  shall  import  ....lot  l.’9.  HD 

r*f>’-rt  of.  to  be  made ....lift  i*'.  141 

registry  of 159.  1**».  Ill 


.159.  I60 
162 

162 


Wood  not  allowed  to  g • into  sewer v*>.  103 

T.  oat*,  for  removal  of  garbage,  not 

mo ored  n v»re  than  24  hour* 12.1 

“Rosrd  ••  Meaning  -f 1 : 

“Boarding-house/*  meaning  of  3 

k<»p«r*  (o  report  persona  nick 136 

I • . me 

some  food  or  drinks  In « 

privies  or  wattr«r|on(i  for  *.'9 

not  to  he  overcrowded  14 

\f.  be  ventilated,  etc • 

owner*  of.  to  provide  for  health 121 

tenant*  In.  1e«*j»*s  and  owner*  of,  to  re- 
port persons  sick  it  1.V) 

Bone-boiling,  forbidden  P0.  9| 

burning,  forbidden  90.  91 

grinding,  forbidden  90.  91 

Bona*.  deposit  of  ...  . 101 

transporting  permit  1«1 

Thread* tuff*,  exposing  In  *(rect  A 

Brick  In  §m*li  . 

Brine  not  to  escape  Into  street  102 

Bronx,  certain  business  prohibited  without 

permit  9] 

Brooklyn,  driving  r»f  rattle  In  ..  70 

slaughtering  animal*  In  

certain  business  prohibited  without  per 


to  bo  cleaned  17.1 

one  In  four  to  be  closed 170 

dirty  clothing  on  174 

speed  of.  on  curves  177 

ventilator*  175 

Carts  for  night-soil,'  manure,  etc,  construc- 
tion of  121 

not  to  stand  in  the  street  120 

nothing  to  escape  from  121 

Cats,  permit  to  keep  for  sale  *0 

Cattle,  horses,  etc 73,  75 

“Cattle.’'  meaning  of  7 

Cattle  overheated,  diseased,  or  feverish...  44 

diseased,  to  he  reported 44,  58 

dlseaoed  to  be  removed  from  city  44 

danger- us  75 

In  vehicles  77 

not  to  run  at  large  70.  75 

permit  to  keep  72 

yarding  of  73 

diseased,  not  to  be  brought  In  124 

place  of  keeping  71,  72 

not  to  bo  uni* »aded  In  street  75 

unsound,  mode  of  treating  58 

how  transported  77 

driving  In  street  70.  74.  75 

inodo  of  keeping  and  slaughtering 62 

not  to  be  slaughtered  south  of  Thirty- 

ninth  street  *4 

not  slaughtered  without  permit  83 

unwholesome,  seizure  *»f  58 

‘•attic- yards  require  permit  73 

Calve*,  slaughter  of  63 

Ceilings  whitewashed  S3 

•Veiiar,"  meaning  of * 3 

Cellars  * 17.  1* 

liermlt  to  occupy  as  stable  7rt 

sleeping  In  13 

Cemeteries  167.  168 

persons  In  charge  f 169.  17‘» 

food  r to  be  sold  In  168 

Cesspool*  37 

not  •*>  lie  emptied  except  by  permit 122 

contents  of.  not  to  be  put  Into  streets 

.•r  riv/r*  100.  104.  106 

contents  of.  not  to  come  within  two  feet 


offensive . 


101 


10 


121 

111 


of  top  

contents  of.  not  to  become 

content*  of,  removal  of  106.  172 

contents  of.  removal  to  be  disinfected..  122 

biiiidlng  h 

«-ar*  Ir  transporting  content*  of 
tu-r.Jw  nnd  stirring  contents  of 
offal  ashes,  garbage,  etc.,  not  to  be 

put  Into  105 

not  \r  be  filled  with  dirt  till  filth  1*  re- 

ITK've4  1^4 

Chets*,  unwholesome  62 

rblfksn*  permit  to  keep  alive 79 

Chief  officer*  of  vessels  to  report  person 

slok  119.15! 

Children,  whsjt  not  to  attend  school  ...  . 1 4> 

Chimney  flues  not  used  as  ventilator*  of 

**w*rt,  etc....... 29 

cholera  133,  141 

< 'hurehss.  dull#*  of  • fill  er»  • f 

w ~ *mlt  7. ’Jl  Cigar  factories,  spittoons  to  be  provided  17S 


Section*. 

Cinder*  | 

from  forges,  factories,  etc  

Cisterns  104.  107 

“City,”  etc.,  meaning  of  * 

Clam  shells l}j 

Clergymen  to  report  marriages 153 

to  register  marriages 161 

performing  marriages  to  register  name 

and  address  l^J 

Coal,  Included  In  term  “ashes” 

Coal  dust  96,  118 

Cocaine,  sale  of 152 

Concert  saloons  3 

Condemnation  of  unsound  food 43.  53 

Confectionery  46,  68 

Consignees  of  vessels  to  report  persons  sick.  149 
Contagious  and  Infectious  diseases,  reports 

as  to 127.  133  to  136,  137,  13S,  140,  141,  151 

Contagious  disease  to  be  reported. 

133,  137.  141,  144.  151 

persons  sick  with 140,  143,  154,  15$ 

animals  sick  1-J 

articles  exposed  to 146 

children  sick  with,  not  to  attend  school..  145 

needless  exposure  to 145 

duties  of  undertakers  In  cases  of 141 

undertakers  to  report 141 

hospitals  14? 

retaining  body  1®J 

Contractors  for  night-soil,  offal,  garbage, 

etc.,  duties  of 113,  114 

for  cleaning  streets S9 

to  comply  with  Code J 

Corpses  163,  167,  168 

Cows  :•••• 72> 

veterinary  certificate  required 1-4 

Cream,  adulterated  *>7 

permits  “J 

sterilized  

cleaning  of  bottles,  cans,  etc 183 

Crematories  

Croton  water  not  to  be  interfered  with......  r;4 

Croup,  a communicable  disease 133.  141 

Curb-stones  41 


Day  nurseries  r* 

Dead  bodies,  interments,  sextons 16<.  1.0 

not  to  be  exposed  where  death  from 

contagious  disease  141,  143 

not  to  be  buried  without  permit 167 

to  be  reported 166,  liO 

not  to  be  transported  without  permit..  163 
not  to  b*>  unduly  retained  or  exposed.  164,  165 
Dead  animals  not  to  be  thrown  Into  streets, 

etc 

to  be  removed 

to  be  reported J30 

certain  to  have  tag y l-’6 

Deaths,  marriages  and  births 158,  162 

false  certificates  of 162 

forgeries  of  certificates 162 

whose  duty  to  report 158.  159,  160 

report  of.  to  be  made 159,  160,  161. 

registry  of  159,  160,  161 

Decoctions  

Definitions  U J 

“Department.”  meaning  of 

Diphtheria  antitoxin  148 

Diphtheria,  a communicable  disease 133 

Dirt  and  filth 87,  100,  111,  123 

“Dirt,"  meaning  of 2 

Dirt,  where  not  to  be  deposited Ill 

not  to  He  piled  or  raked  up  In  street — 114 
not  to  be  thrown  into  streets  or  rivers...  109 

dock*  for  113.115 

In  street  117 

removal  of  121 

person*  engaged  In  transporting list 

“Disease. ” contagious,  meaning  of fi 

Infectious  or  pestilential 5 

Disease.  specific  name  and  type  of.  to  be 

reported  135 

certain  to  l»e  reported 133,  137 

Infection*,  contagious  and  communicable  133 

Isolation  rooms  140 

when  persons  sick  to  he  removed 139 

contagious,  persons  sick  of  a,  to  be  re- 
ported   133  to  137 

contagl  -us.  persons  sick  of  a.  not  to  he 
exposed  or  removed  without  permit..,.  14.1 
Dlsea^*,  contagious,  articles  exposed  to, 

162  164,  166 

persons  exposed  to 141 

exposure  to  143.  145 

Diseased  animals  124,  175 

Diseased  animals,  to  he  reported 130 

Disinfection  < f Infected  premises 14$ 

Dispensary,  to  report  certain  diseases 134 

to  report  tuberculosis 138 

Distilleries  require  uertnlt f)4 

Docks  for  nffnl  and  night-soil Ill,  113,  123 

vessels  not  to  go  to  without  permit 115 

Dogs,  noisy  

biting  nny  person  to  he  surrendered ni 

permit  to  keep  for  sale no 

Drain  pipes  In  relation  to  joints,  connee- 

tlon*.  size  of.  eto 30,  31.  ?1 

Drain  materials  and  eonnsctlons  not  b*  used 

or  made  34,  36 


66 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


Sections. 

Drains ge,  airangement  of j" 

to  be  adequate 2' 

not  to  discharge  Into  streams 

Drink  and  food 42,  60,  t>8 

Drinks,  poisonous,  deleterious,  or  adul- 

terated  4* 

dangerous  or  detrimental  to  life  or 

health  5} 

Drinking-hydrants  •• 

Drugs,  medicines,  adulterations  and  poi- 

sons  6o-69.  IF2 

Drugs  65,  66,  67,  69,  18- 


adulterated 


69 


how  marked  and  sold 65.  66,  69,  1S2 

Ducks  ••• 

Dust  from  factories.  115 

Dwellings,  lodging  houses  and  other  build- 
Ings  


Eggs «.  «.  4SA 

for  sale  — 

Elevated  railroad  stations  and  spitting  in...  in 

Emigrant  vessels,  bedding  from lj>2 

Enforcement  of  ordinances It, 

Bn  trails  of  dead  animals 

Excavations  “J- 

Exposure  to  disease 14a,  14» 


Factory  refuse  J* 

False  statements  Jo 

Farcy,  animals  sick  with li-’o,  1-T 


Fat 


only  fresh,  to  ho  boiled  or  rendered..  95 
not  to  be  brought  Into  city  to  be 

rendered  " 

rendering  of  91, _ 93-9, > 

Fat-boiling  91>  90 

to  be  in  steam-tight  vessels oj 

odors  in  to  ba  destroyed  9J 

to  be  free  from  offense.. 9> 

Feathers  

Feet  of  dead  animiils 4> 

Fence,  for  lots  and  excavations *16 

Fertilizers,  manufacture  of 91 

Fevers  

Filling  grounds,  etc  99 

Filth  and  dirt  S7.  100.  111.  I— 

Filth  not  to  escape  into  street 102,  1-1 

'•Fish.'’  meaning  of  - ® 

Fish-boiling  9? 

Fish  when  for  sale  

not  fresh  or  sound  48.  eS 

that  died  by  disease  or  accident « 

mode  of  keeping  f? 

not  to  be  exposed,  etc.,  outside  of  shops  4.-> 

unsound.  modd  of  treating 58 

false  label  or  statement  as  to 48.  <-3 

offensive  58,  128 

Flagstones  40,  41 

Food  for  drink  -42-W 

unwholesome  meager  or  sickly 43,  47 

not  to  be  made  and  sold  under  false 

names  90 

not  to  be  sold  in  cemeteries los 

not  to  bo  taken  to  market  till  coo! 4 ' 

unwholesome,  deleterious  or  adulterated  CS 

false  label  or  statement  as  to 48,  CS 

unsound,  mode  of  treating 58 

Forges  

Fowls,  not  sound  and  fresh oS 

not  sound  mode  of  dealing  with 68 

mode  of  keeping  s- 

offenslve  as,  12: 

that  died  by  disease  or  by  accident — 43 

perinit  to  keep  — •••  <» 

Fruit  42,  49,  68 

Funerals— Contagious  diseases  141,  14- 

Pui  naces  99 


• 'Garbage, " meaning  of  . 

Garbage,  not  to  fall  or  be  thrown  into 

streets  rivers,  etc  

where  not  to  be  deposited  PS, 

docks  for  113.  115, 

not  to  he  heaped  together  in  street 

boxes  to  be  covered 109,  109.  120, 

receptacles  not  to  be  Interfered  with., 
to  lie  received  and  transported  as  ap- 
proved by  Board  of  Health 

not  to  be  mixed  with  ashes,  etc 

how  transported  

refnoyal  of  

delivery  of  carts  

persons  engaged  in  transporting — 114. 

duties  of  contractors  for ....9, 

loading  and  unloading 

turning  and  stirring 

deodorlzatlon  of  

Garbage  carts,  construction  of 

how  managed  

Carbagc  scows,  management  of 

Gas  

from  factories,  etc 

offensive,  dangorrus  or  prejudicial"  to 

life  or  health,  not  to  bo  made 

Gas  tar  not  to  escape 

Gasworks  

odors  from,  to  be  prevented 

Glanders  125. 

Gluemaking  

<loa;s  ■••• 

Goods,  damaged,  nut  to  be  exposed  for  sale 

Graves  

Grease  

Ground,  what,  and  when,  may  be  opened.. 
Grounds.  Ailing  up  


Sections. 

Gut-cleaning  9* 

Gutters  to  be  cleaned  53  40 

how  to  be  cleaned  

not  to  be  obstructed  iji 

Gymnasium  -3 


l 


H 


Hair  

Halls  of  worship,  ventilation,  etc 

Harbor,  filth  not  to  be  emptied  into 

Heads  of  Institutions  to  report  sick  per- 
sons   134, 

Health,  duties  in  respect  to 

Hide-tanning,  skinning,  etc.,  establishments 
Hidea  not  to  be  unloaded  without  permit 

Hogs,  unloading  in  street  

Horses  13. 

with  glanders  or  farcy 125. 

slaughtering  of.  for  food,  forbidden.. 

skinning  of  

dead  bodies  to  have  tag  

Hospitals— contagious  diseases  

lying-in  

Hotelkeepers,  to  report  sick  persons 

Hotels,  tenants,  lessees,  owners,  etc.,  of. 

to  report  sick  persons  in 3"C, 

House,  tenement,''  meaning  of  

hoarding,  meaning  of  

lodging,  meaning  of  

House  drain,  to  be  kept  in  good  repair.. 

Hydrants  

Hydrant  waste  pipes  to  be  trapped 

Hydrophobia  


Icebox..  See  "Kefrigerators." 

Infected  places  or  vessels 

premises,  disinfection  of  146 

Infectious  disease  5,  133 

Innkeepers  to  report  sick  persons 136 

Inns,  tenants,  lessees,  owners,  eto.  of.  to 

report  sick  person*  in  I?9 

Inquests,  coroners*  1*1 

Inspection,  obstructing  1- 

to  be  permitted  131  * 

Inspector  may  destroy  adulterated  milk..  51 
may  obtain  information  from  butchers, 

milk  dealers  and  others 60 

Institutions  to  report  elclt  persons 134,  140 

Interments,  sextons,  dead  bodies 166,  167 

require  permits  1'J'7 


Babel— diphtheria,  antitoxin— to  be  labeled 

Lambs,  young,  meat  from  

Lampblack  manufactory  

I-and,  garbage  not  to  be  used  for  filing  in 
Lard,  only  fresh,  to  be  rendered  or  melted., 
rendering,  to  be  done  in  steam-tight 

vessels  

odors  in,  to  be  destroyed 

to  be  inoffensive  

not  to  be  hrought  into  city  for  render- 
ing, melting,  etc  

Lnrd-boiling  93, 

Laws  compliance  with  

Leaders  not  to  he  used  for  certain  purposes 

construction  of  

Leather-dressing  establishments  

•'Lessee,”  meaning  of  

duties  of  

Liability  for  violation  of  Code 

Life,  duties  In  respect  to 

Life  tines  for  batliers  

"Light,”  meaning  of  

Lime  ®1> 

Liquid,  noxious  or  stinking 

Liquid  refuse  not  to  be  mixed  with  ashes 

or  rubbish  

receptables  for  

removal  of  

how  transported  16S. 

not  to  spill  or  leak 

turning  or  stirring 

Liquids,  offensive  S3.  1C2, 

not  to  be  discharged  into  harbor,  etc.. 

false  statements  as  to  

Lobster  shells  

"Lodging  heuse,”  meaning  of  

Lodging  houses  19.  21, 

food  in  

not  to  be  overcrowded 

privies  for  1 

tenants,  lessees,  owners,  etc.,  of.  to  re- 
port persons  siek  in  

Lodging  houses  walls  and  ceilings  to  be 

whitewashed  

Lodging  house  keepers  to  report  sick  persons 
Lots,  vacant  to  be  provided  with  proper 

tight  board  fence,  etc 

below  grade  


Section? 

refuse  to  be  removed  from 94 

Manure  not  to  be  thrown  into  street*  or 

rivers  K’0 

Manure,  persons  engaged  in  transporting.97,  119 

carts,  boxes,  etc  320 

to  be  removed 37 

care  in  transporting  97,  12J 

where  not  to  be  deposited 100,  111 

handling  of  97 

loading  and  unloading  311 

turning  and  stirring  Ill 

docks  for  US,  115 

"Market,  private.”  meaning  of 7 

Markets,  unsound  and  unwholesome  articles 

not  to  be  kept  in  43 

to  be  kept  cleanly  43 

refrigerators  in  60 

animals  not  to  be  killed  or  dressed  in..  S3 

Marriages,  births  and  deaths 153,  lb.' 

false  certificates  of  16' 

forgeries  of  certificates ...  m 

persons  who  perform  to  register  name 

and  address  ijj 

report  of,  to  be  made 159,  l‘i 

registry  of  

Masters  of  vessels  to  report 149,  t ’ 

Matter,  filthy  j<:. 

Measles,  a contagious  disease. 12 

"Meat,”  meaning  of  t 

when  for  sale  > 

unsound  or  unwholesome 42,  43,  4$  ,:- 

of  animals  that  died  by  disease  or  acci- 
dent   4. 

not  to  go  to  market  till  cool 4' 

keeping  and  slaughtering,  mode  of 52 

not  to  be  taken  to  market  till  certain 

things  done  4; 

false  statement  of  label  as  to 4S 

to  be  kept  clean  and  wholesome 49 

offensive  128 

not  to  be  hung.  etc.,  in  street 4? 

buildings  where  treated,  how  constructed  5" 
unsound,  mode  of  dealing  with.. Is 

Medicines 65,  66,  *9,  l'i 

not  to  bo  sold  under  false  name r 

poisonous  i« 

Merchandise,  damaged,  not  to  be  exposed.  1'S 

Midwives  139,  1,4 

lying-in  hospital  3Si 

Milch-cows  i:< 

Milk  bottles,  cleaning  of ]V| 

Milk,  condensed  55,  64 

Milk  dealers  to  allow  inspection  and  give 

information  . iW 

Milk,  false  label  or  statement  as  to <4 

unwholesome.  Impure  and  adulterated. 

52,  63,  65  " 

designation  of  56a 

Pasteurized  56b 

permits  off 

seizure  of  adulterated  54 

sterilized  

swill  6:. 

Milk,  cleaning  of  bottles  and  cans,  etc.,..  IF 

Mineral  waters,  filing  name  of,  etc 59 

Misfeasance  and  nonfeasance * 

Mules  7v 


M 


Mad  animals  

Magistrates  to  report,  etc.,  marriages.... 
who  perform  marriages  to  register.... 

"Manager."  meaning  of  

Managers  of  institutions  to  report  sick  per- 
son*   334, 

Manhattan.  110  cattle  driving  in 

slaughtering  in  

"Manufactory."  meaning  of  

Manufactories  19.  29.  22.  59, 

no  overcrowding  of  

waterclotets  for.  to  be  provided 

temperature  of  

fcre*oerta*n  purposes  not  to  be  es- 
tablished   


N 


Negligence  

Night-soil  docks  and  piers  for 113, 

contractors  for  9, 

handling  of  

care  in  removal  of  

not  to  run  into  streets  or  grounds 

not  to  come  within  two  feet  of  top.... 

not  to  lie  in  street 

to  be  disinfected  

carts  

mode  of  using  cartB  for 

Noises  

Nonfeasance  and  misfeasance 

Notice  of  change  of  sewer  connection 

Notices  not  to  be  torn  down  or  mutilated-. 

Nuisance  19.  13 

to  be  abated  within  time  specified 

not  to  he  permitted 38. 

Nurseries,  day  

Nurses  169,  16v, 


155 

134 

111 

114 

1-4 

104 

111 

322 

121 

121 

ISO 


0 

Obedience*  to  ordinances * 

"Occupant.”  meaning  of ’ 

liability  of  13 

Occupations  detrimental  to  health,  or  dan- 
gerous   88,  89,  s'* 

Odors  and  liquids,  offensive  ..8$.  99,  111 

Offal,  docks  for  113 

docks  for.  vessels  not  to  go  to 1 

not  to  He  in  streets J:< 

contractors  for  114 

loading  and  unloading  Ill 

handling  of  Si.  57 

boiling  m 

not  to  be  thrown  into  aewers,  streets. 

rivers  etc S3.  1U2 

how  managed  129 

construction  of  carts,  etc.,  for 171 

where  not  to  be  deposited 311 

care  In  transporting  120 

persons  engaged  In  transporting 114,  119 

to  Iw  conveyed  In  tight  vessels 67 

Offensive  material. 

»S.  192.  103,  104.  105.  Ill,  120.  W.  12! 

trades  58 

"Officer."  meaning  of  1 

Officers  of  vessels  to  report 149,  161,  162,  15-' 

oil-boiling  9? 

Omissions  ...-9.  J’ 

Orders  to  be  observed H 

Ordinances,  obedience  to  9,  11.  14 

Osteopaths  1654 

"O  " meaning  of  * 

duties  of  “** 


I l il  > AMl  ARY  CODE 


<57 


■ tswii  ms  i 

owner  end  tinul  jointly  and  severally 

liable  13 

Owners  of  vessels  to  report  persons  and  , 

articles  from  infected  places 113.  151 

Owners  of  boarding  and  lodging  houses  to  _ 

report  persons  sick 15*.  IS1' 

Oyster  shells  H« 

saloons  11-  i 

Ojstere.  pertr.its  for  sale  1*5 


"fart; . ‘ i..tamng  of J 1 

.Jen.nt."  meaning  of , 1 I 

Permit  obtained  by  false  statements -•> 

Permit  to  remove  persons  sick  of  cot:-  _ 

vaglous  disease  , 

articles  exposed  to  contagion i 4 

for  burial  Wi  163A  -3; 

Connecticut  

Ksw  Jersey M- 

to  remove  bodies  -* 

to  neposlt  n-anure,  oKui,  etc 

y 1 reep  swine  and  goats 

to  :nrd  cattle,  swine,  sheep,  goals  and  _ 

horses,  ducits.  geese  or  fowl? <S 

i » occupy  offal  or  night-soil  dock He 

io  transact  certain  kinds  of  business  .sS.  9* 

t*  keep  cows - 

for  vessels  or  things  from  quarantine. 

132,  165,  134.  Ioj 

for  persons  or  articles  from  infected 

plaoes  J*>2.  *»>■ 

o land  rags,  hides,  etc 8*-. 

for  salugbter  houses  — Jr 

■ > occupy  street  or  sidewall! rl  ' 

fop  scavengers  116.  1— 

for  persons  engaged  in  transporting 

manure,  swill,  offal ’•* 

f,r  persons  engaged  lit  transporting 

ashes,  garbage 134 

. empty  vaults,  sinks,  privies  and  cess-  ^ 

■ > unload  cattle,  etc..  In  streets 

. jfees  not  to  be  slaughtered  without... 


Sections. 

eentents  ef.  not  »o  run  late  streets  or 

on  grounds  M4,  I'-1® 

contents  of,  not  to  come  within  two 

fee:  of  top , 

contents  ef.  not  to  become  offensive. 1M.  JO- 

turning  ami  stirring  coptenls  of....  '!> 

to  be  disinfected — ‘ 

ashes,  aarbage.  offal,  etc.,  not  to  be 


put  Into 

t lbs.  etc.,  i:l,  to  be  tigi.; 

to  bo  provided  ! i certain  building! 

gases  from  

Public  funeral  

■'Public  place,”  meaning  of 


...ill. 


.10-  | 
104  I 

a> 
•.o  I 

142 


111 

75 


tjuari  vessels  y..  sc:..«  » .1  '-'l-  ‘®* 

that  have  been  in.  require  permit 

Queens,  driving  cattle  in,  etc , y; 

burying  body  in — 23s 

certain  business  In.  prohibited  without 

permit  *1 


>2&ga  nut  tr  t>r  uni 
Kailroad  cars  to 

no  dirty  clothing  in 
P.ai.rosd  cars,  speed  of,  ou  curves 

ventilators  

station*,  spieling  iti 

Rain  water  leade- ...  

Ualn  water,  not  to  er.t.-r  building.. 
itecepla.’.les  in  priv  •*. 

for  ashes  to  be  • f m l.i 

for  garbage,  ashes,  etc 

for  garbage,  ashes,  etc.,  not  t 


Section. 

Sheds,  ovster  ant  dam  — 13- 

Shops  ...  ....98, 11 1> 

Sick  persons.  re  mo  al  of  143,  154,  15“ 

report  of  , ...135,  14t>.  b>! 

Sidewalks  <1>  J 

Ice  and  wafer  not  fo  be  on  fs 

not  to  be  obsti  dieted  — SI,  }* 

no  animal  or  vehicle  to  t.a  ♦*.  ■* 

o ’js  kept  in  good  condilhs*  ,,,——.499  41 
Sir.it*.  contents  of,  not  lo  be  put  into 

jtree'.a  or  rivers  .— .lOU,  in* 

to  have  proper  traps  w 

not  la  bs  emptied  except  by  permit....  122 
distraction  of  3~ 

I contents  ef.  not  to  run  Into  streets  or 

grounds  - 100,  lflt 

contents  of.  riot  lo  came  within  two 

feet  of  top  194 

not  Co  become  offensive  ....... ........  101 

to  bo  disinfected  125 

<-K-e  hi  transporting  contents  of  

iutr.lr.ff  and  stilling  contents  of 

not  ;o  be  filled  with  dirt  till  emptied 

of  filth  1«4 

offal,  ashes,  garbage,  etc.,  not  lo  b*  pul 

' . 1« 

Shinning  animate,  business  of 89 

Skins  lor 

Skylight,  repairing  of  . 2i 


S 

111 


, . . » ».  •>  152  tjkyhght,  repairing  of  

1 V M „ l.  ' C ‘ • ..  . Slaughter-houses  S3.  S. 

be  Cleaned  dad; :«  biood,  etc.,  from  *,*>■■ 

id?  ii .....  ii'  . 


on  eidewai! 
milk,  cleaning  of. 

„ Refuse  material  

. I Refrigerators,  drain  pipe 54,  . > 

certain  connections  not  to  be  made * 


ill 

yy.yyy.y.  i-i* 

33 

24 

1W 

MS 

lot., 

remain 

MS 

1S3 
Ml 


east  side, 


u^W*rt  oSl  „ SSSiS--  refSi:::  87  ! Registry  of  births,  marriages  and  death... 


inter  dean 142  i 


t • open  burying  ground  ■ • 

to  open  vault,  etc 

i use  street  sweeping*  for  filling  m 

lot.  etc 

. open  ground  containing  offensive 

matter  ■ 

to  collect  bones,  etc.,  slid  transport 

same  

• > stand  cars  loaded  with 
to  born  straw  and  other 
« deposit  dirt,  etc.,  tn  6treet 
o have  offensive  material  deposited 

during  accumulation  Jll 

>i  transport  offer. slve  mallei 113 

to  melt  or  render  fat 97 

t j suit  or  render  tallow 

o melt  or  render  lard «> 

to  remove  contents  of  vault,  etc 122  | 

to  use  well  water 63 

to  land  and  drive  cattle 76,  7o 

to  vard  horses,  shee)i.  etc 75  I 

io  lead  cattle  through  street... .......74.  7.7  | 

to  drive  sneep  through  street 70,  74 


jss  | ‘‘Regulation,’ 


r.S.  1:79,  160  J 

meaning  of  1 


14s  ; Regulations,  special,  to  be  observed. 


Relapsing  fever  contagious.. 

Rendering  

to  \*>  of  only  fresh  material... 
to  be  in  steam-tight  vessels.... 
odors  in,  to  be  destroyed, 
to  bo  inoffensive 


11 

123 


93 


HU  . to  bo  inoffensive ^ •>< 

manure Ill  .‘•Report,"  meaning  or... -it. •••••  ••  1 

material 1H  Reports  required 133,  127,  130,  132.  13,.,  354, 

reel 117  135,  12S,  187.  IS*.  3 40,  141,  144.  140,  1 .0,  161, 

rial  deposited  779.  160,  161,  166,  lit 


must  be  clean 

woodwork  iu  

construction  of  — 

r ove  south  of  Thivlv-ninth  street,  west 

side  

not  lo  be  dwellings  — 

require  permit  - 

blood,  offal,  etc.,  in 

none  below  Forty-third  slreei 

Manhattan  

I approval  of  plane  

. Slaughtering  rattle,  mode  of  .. 

in  Brooklyn  

not  to  be  done  in  market  

below  Thirty-ninth  street  

requires  permit  

of  horses  

Smail-pos 135,  136,  137,  140,  HI,  142, 

Suipke-houSe  

Smoke  from  factories,  etc.  

Smoking  tn  subways 

Soda  water,  syrup  or  liquids  

Soil  pipes  in  relation  lo  joints,  connections, 
sice,  etc.,  of  30,  31, 


82,  S3 

$ 

Si 

54 

M 

^»l 

14 


S3 


Reservoirs  

Richmond,  driving  cattle,  etc.,  in..... 

certain  business  prohibited  in  without 

permit  ®1 

i Rivers,  drainage  into  -a,  ICO 

substances  not  to  be  thrown  into 166 

Roof,  repair  of j'4 

straw,  eto.,  not  to  ho  placed  on Ill 

Room*,  when  not  to  be  occupied J4 

no  offensive  thing  to  he  in 167 

" Rubbish. " meaning  of 2 


> keep  live  chickens 7®  | Rubbish  not  to  be  thrown  Into  streets  or 


keep  cats,  dogs  or  birds  for  sale kr 

0 keep  pigeons  In  built  up  portion*  of 

city 

f rr  lodging  house  21 

for  srnok*  houee  ’6 

for  day  nursery 2 

f ir  bathing  establishment 26 

for  mineral  waters S» 

f ir  slaughter  houses J* 

•table  In  cellar 

f*J«j  statement  for 17 

.•tuning  — l 

for  sale  of  milk 66 

1 aid  wive*  1S4 

’.ying-m  hospital*  . - 1M 

Person. ''  meaning  of 

*rso-i  to  report  contagious  disease 177 

PtMMl.  sal*  of ®7 

?hyji'.:*n.”  meal. Ing  of „ 

Physician,  to  keep  registrj-  of  births  and 

deaths  159.  16) 

to  repot  t birth*  and  deaths 137.  141 

death*  by  contagious  disea** 127 

uanie  and  type  cf  due  as- 137 

what  Included  In  term  R 

to  rtgMler  name  and  reslden-e ..160 

•o  report  perrons  s.  k cf  contanglou* 

•Ueeaee  157.  14' 

r sr*  manure,  etc.,  nor  to  be  deposited  on  111 
for  offal,  e'.o  . rot  to  he  obstructed.  113.  117 

for  night  *oil  113 

Plgoons.  permit  to  keep.  In  built  up  por- 
tions of  city  II, 

Mg-pea*  *7 

Pig*,  young,  meat  of 4'} 

Rigs  not  to  run  at  large  7.< 

unloading  In  street ■! 

slaughter  of  

driving  111  Street  76. 

Pipes  waste  ot  sol!,  to  be  ventilated 

wasi*.  soil  and  veal,  length,  diametei. 


rivers  760 

to  he  bundled  or  secured 10S 

vot  to  lie  mixed  with  guriago,  eto 108 

not  to  lie  plied  or  raked  in  street 114 

removal  of 110 

lumlng  and  stirring  IU 

• lellverv  or,  to  carts 110 

vans  for.  how  manage  il ICO 

construction  of — 121 

contractors  for Iff 

docks  for  .....113,  11T, 

oenions  engaged  In  transporting . , . .114,  119 

boxes  16* 

Rubella.  • contagion*  dtrem* 


Saloons, 
Hund  .. 
Sanitary 


• meaning  of 

and  persons  tonne' led  iBerewllli. 


Xi 


14 


c.tde,  compliance  witii 

Sanllaiv  aupeilnteudotit.  may  g.'e  permit 
to  lelaio  body  in  cane  of  death  from 

contagious  discaso  163 

« iperln'cndent  may  tause  removal  of 

»!ck  person  129 

superintendent  condemning  unwholesome 

Scarlet  fever,  a contagious  lilre.ise 153 

.Scavengers,  per.nlls  of : 114  i boiiinc 

School*  I"'  | yrvlll  m|. Ic 

flclc  children  not  to  attend 1* 

School-sinks  jj 

Scouring  establishment*  ^ 

i4>v>w».  gsrb.ige )’-5  ! 


not  to  bo  used  as  vent  or  drain  pipes., 
materials  and  connections  r.ot  to  be 

used  or  made  i> 

length  and  diameter,  etc... — , 3‘ 

ventilation  of  ^ 

■’Special  regulations,"  meaning  of 
Special  regulations  to  be  observed  .,.,....11,  17 

Spirits  elooholic,  distilling  of  *' 

Spitting  upon  floors  of  publio  buildings  and 

places  ..—.'.M 

la  printing  offices  17* 

cigar  manufactories  174 

on  elevated  rallroade.  etc 17.' 

clablea  — 6. 

to  be  liopt  clean  7t,  9 

qnimals  In  1*” 

In  ceUiir,  pein.it  for 7* 

infeo'cd.  no  animal  to  bo  1:opl  In......  7 

?Ialrs  of  elevated  railroads,  spitting  oh....  1.. 

fitolia.  etc..  In  market  to  be  clean In 

Stations  of  elevated  uilroads,  spltllug  ou  17  > 

Steam  from  factories  9« 

fltraw  fivm  emigrant  vessel* IS.' 

u.«ed  as  lvddlng  not  to  he  placed  In 

atrftel.  or  burnt  Ul 

‘’Street,”  meaning  of  * 

Slieot*.  certain  articles  not  to  be  shaken 

or  exposed  in 10’ 

mode  of  cleaning 39 

dirt,  brick,  etc.,  in 117 

offensive  substances  falling  in  to  be 

replaced  Iti 

offensive  substances  not  to  be  deposited 

In  160.  102,  M4 

•draw,  eto..  not  to  be  dried  in 11 1 

not  to  be  obstructed 7* 

47  dt,  t or  rubbish  not  to  lio  plied  or  raked 

up  In Ii4 

3 - Surf  bathing t'<! 

Swill  not  to  escape  Into  stree' 101' 

persons  ensag»d  In  transporting 314 

1*3  in  wl:at  kind  of  vessels  removed 130,  38; 

ivseel*  with,  not  to  leak  or  spill til 

how  transported  i» 

turning  slid  stlrrlnj:  of JJ  I 

,»rt*.  construction  of 321 

4i  ■*.  mode  of  using Ro 

pi 


a isiatlnii  to  j -i  vr.iteiitloa*.  ».i  . 

Platforms  of  elevated  railroad*,  •pitting  on. 
Poisons  68.  98*67. 

’■•■•iltry.  expo*lns  lo  »2i«e 


f* 

r/ 

7,4 

115 

45 


Premia**,  dlsinfectlo.i  of... 


Scrap  • . 

.-te.ishorc,  hathing  regulation* 

•Sewage,  wh>  re  tot  to  be  dtecliarged  

Hewer*.  *o’.H  rr.st’er  not  to  pa»*  into...  59 
pilvate,  gaies  from  — 

Hewer*,  lo  be  ffusi.a  I tiom 

construction  and  cgi*  of 

Haw*.-  ventilations,  ina'erlals  ewd  connec- 
tion* not  to  I n used  or  made 


•J),  95 


biller  and  che*»e  from Km 

| twins  not  to  so  at  Urge 7.. 

unloading  m * reel  7fc 

places  where  kept  lo  be  clean p; 

not  to  h*  yarded  without  permit 7't 

»lck.  not  to  brought  In...... 134 

*1*  ight«r  if »» 


T 

i'l'Ougbt  hito  tin 


to  have  no'hlng  offensive  on  them  167 

^r.nclpai*  of  Institution*  to  report  p»:*t>i,» 

sick  ; <6 

Trinting  officer,  spittoon*  to  be  rrovitjaa — hi 
thv i»»,  content*  of.  lo:  to  be  left  la  *'.r«e  * 

or  live:*  MO.  7’4.  1 * 

not  to  be  srr.ptled.  eivtp*.  fcy  ptrnil*.  • 1 

rcjistragdfea  ef  

so:  f.  b*  “Riled  wdib  Hr’  III  z **1117  .,  I I 


• . 144  , i«ex“one-<lead  b die*  Intertliei  “» — 1#.'.  I6J. 


not  to  but:  without  permits... 

to  make  teturn  

to  register  

eiia*)).  not  t*  run  at  large 

not  to  be  yarded  without  para..:. 

rich.  r.ot  to  be  ht ought  In . 

driving  In  at  real 

e’augbter  of 

8h»’.l*bu;i)lhg  


V-’4 


city 


Tali-  w n ■’  t '< 

n*  leudired  

re:. daring  of 

mil v r i « 4:1  to  be  rendaisd 

boiling  92. 

bs  t:i  ataam  ltg.it  veiatl* 

odor*  In,  to  i a deitroyal 

u b*  h ofteu«lv#  

. Tank*,  c.irt«.ln  vonysctlo.:*  uot  re  be  made 

— go* 

»-j.  faucet,  tank  or  fountain 

Tar  msn  ifs?t*ry  


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


IS 


Sections. 

T<tfnper&ture  of  manufactories 22 

certain  public  places  25 

"Tenant/’  meaning  of 

Tenant  and  owner,  liability  of 13 

"Tenement  house,"  meaning  of 3 

houses  19.  20 

not  to  be  overcrowded 19 

ventilation,  etc.,  of 17 

water  closets  for 20 

walls  and  ceilings  to  be  whitewashed  23 

Tents  erected  in  city  1S8 

'"Theatres,"  meaning  of 4 

Tombs  used  only  by  permit 188 

persons  in  charge  of,  to  register 169 

Traps.  location  of -• S3 

materials  and  connections  not  to  be 

made  or  used 29 

Trap  pipe  not  to  be  used  as  a soil  or  waste 

pipe  33 

Tuberculin  test  far  milch  cows 124 

Tuberculosis  to  be  reported, 

133,  133,  136,  137,  138,  140,  141,  144 

Tubs  in  privies  106 

construction  of  106 

stationary,  to  have  proper  traps 33 

Turpentine  manufactory  94 

Typhoid  fever  133 

Typhus  fever  133,  136,  137,  140,  141,  142,  144 

U 

Undertakers  to  register  169 

tr  report  contagious  diseases 141 

duties  in  case  of  contagious  disease....  141 

Urinals  to  be  trapped 33 

Urine  not  to  escape  into  the  street 102 

V 

Vacant  lots  to  be  kept  clean  and  fenced, 

etc  118 

Vaccination  , 147 

Varicella,  contagious  disease 133 

Varnish  factories  84 


Sections. 

Vats  147 

Vaults  not  to  be  emptied,  except  by  per- 
mit   122 

construction  of  37 

not  to  be  offensive 104,  107 

contents  of  104,  106.  107,  122 

to  be  disinfected  122 

contents  of,  not  to  be  thrown  into 

sewers,  streets,  rivers,  etc 108 

contents  of,  to  be  not  less  than  two 

feet  from  top 104 

turning  and  stirring  contents  of Ill 

not  to  be  filled  with  dirt  till  emptied..  104 

care  in  transporting  contents  of 120 

ashes,  offal,  etc.,  not  to  be  put  in 103 

for  burial  168 

persons  in  charge  of,  to  register.... 169 

"Vegetables,”  meaning  of  6 

Vegetables,  not  sound  and  fresh 42,  58 

decayed  and  unwholesome,  not  to  be 
kept  or  brought  into  city,  or  offered 

for  sale  therein  42 

false  label  or  statement  as  to 4S 

unsound,  mode  of  dealing  with 58 

to  be  kept  in  wholesome  place 49 

Vegetable  matter,  putrid,  not  to  be  thrown 

into  the  streets,  etc  ....  103 

Vent  pipes,  length,  diameter,  c 36 

Ventilating  of  waste  pipes 36 

Ventilation  16.  23 

sewers,  traps,  drain,  soil  and  waste 
pipes— materials  and  connections  not 

to  used  or  made  29 

Vessels,  removals  from  and  unloading  of..  152 
reports  of  officers,  owners,  and  con- 
signees of  149,  151 

physicians  on.  to  report 151 

removal  of  sick  from 154,  136 

from  quarantine 153,  157 

nothing  to  be  cast  from 157 

not  to  unload  skins,  rags,  hides,  etc., 

without  penpit  152 

not  to  go  to  offal  docks llo 


Section*. 

Veterinary  surgeon*  122 

certificate  for  milch  cows.* 12* 

w 

Wash  trays  to  be  trapped ?* 

Waste  pipe  ventilation  38 

Waste  pipes,  construction  and  connec- 
tions   60,  $1 

materials  and  connections  not  to  be  used 

or  made  29 

in  relation  to  joint*,  connections,  size. 

etc  81, 

not  to  be  used  for  a vent  or  soil  pipe..  63 

ventilation  of  S* 

Water  from  buildings  not  to  pass  on  to 

walk  40 

reservoirs,  pipes,  etc.,  for,  to  be  kept 

pure  61 

for  human  consumption 62.  63,  64 

from  wells,  permit  63 

to  flush  sewers  28 

offensive  s* 

drinking  63 

well  63 

Waterclosets  “J 

pipes  not  to  be  connected  with  bath 

pipes  S3 

not  to  be  offensive 104.  107 

to  be  provided  in  certain  houses 20 

gases  from  20 

to  be  trapped  8S 

Waters,  mineral,  etc.,  filling  name  of,  eto  59 

Whitewashing  wails  and  ceilings 21 


Tarding  cattle,  sheep,  horses,  etc 71 

Yards  of  slaughter  houses  to  be  ceintrkad, 

etc  88 

Yellow  fever  133  141.  1*1 


THE  SANITARY  CODE 


THE  SANITARY  ORDINANCES  ADOPTED  BY  THE  BOARD  OF  HEALTH  OF  THE  DE- 
PARTMENT OF  HEALTH  OF  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK,  CALLED  THE  SANITARY 
CODE,  AND  CONFORMED  TO  CHAPTER  XIX,  TITLE  I,  CHAPTER  378,  OF  THE 
LAWS  OF  1897,  AND  CHAPTER  XIX,  TITLE  I,  CHAPTER  466,  OF  THE  LAW.. 
OF  1901  PURSUANT  TO  SECTION  1172  OF  SAID  TITLES,  WITH  THE  AMEND- 
MENTS AND  ADDITIONAL  PROVISIONS,  ADDED  AND  PUBLISHED  TO  JULY,  1910. 


DeHnltions  of  Term*. 

Section  1.  The  terms  •■board.”  "this 
board,”  and  "said  board"  whenever  used 
in  thin  code  shall  be  held  to  mean  the 
-board  of  health  ot  the  department  of 
health  o!  The  City  of  New  York”;  the 
word  “department,”  whenever  used  here- 
in shall  be  held  to  mean  the  department  i 
of'  health  of  The  Olty  of  New  York;  the  | 
words  "person."  “owner.”  “tenant,”  "les- 
s-e,"  "occupant,"  "contractor,"  "party,” 
"manager,"  "board,”  and  "officer,”  shall 
respectively  be  held  to  apply  to  and  in- 
clude, both  Jointly  and  severally,  each 
and  all  owners,  part-owners,  tenants,  les- 
sees, occupants,  contractors,  parties  in 
Interest,  persons,  managers,  boards,  offi- 
cers, and  corporations,  who  may  sustain 
the  relations,  or  may  be  In  like  position 
of  any  one  or  more  thereof  referred  to  in 
any  ordinance  or  regulation;  every  word 
or  phrase  anywhere  herein  defined  shall 
be  held  to  have  such  meaning  whenever 
used  herein;  the  words  "city,”  or  "this 
city,”  or  “said  city,”  whenever  used  here- 
in. shall  be  held  to  mean  The  City  of  New 
York;  the  word  "regulations”  shall  be 
held  to  Include  "special  regulations” 
(which  latter  will  be  from  time  to  tlm* 
issued,  and  will  contain  more  detailed 
provisions  than  can  be  herein  conven- 
iently set  forth);  the  word  "permit"  shull 
be  construed  to  mean  the  permission  in 
writing  of  this  board.  Issued  according  to 
its  by-laws,  rules,  regulations,  and  sani- 
tary code;  and  every  "report"  herein  re- 
quired shall  be  held  to  be  a report  in 
writing,  signed  by  the  person  (and  Indi- 
cating his  official  position)  v. bo  makes 
the  same;  the  word  "light"  or  "lighted." 
shall  be  held  to  refer  to  natural,  external 
light;  and  all  words  and  phrases  herein 
defined  3hall  also  Include  their  usual  and 
natural  meaning,  as  well  as  those  herein 
especially  given. 

Sec.  2.  The  word  "street.”  when  used  In 
the  sanitary  code,  shall  he  held  to  In- 
clude avenues,  public  highways,  side- 
walks. gutters,  and  public  alleys;  and  th» 
words  "public  place”  shall  be  held  to  in- 
clude parks,  pier*,  do.  ks.  and  wharves, 
and  wa’er  and  open  spaces  thereto  adja- 
-ent.  and  alao  public  yards,  grounds,  and 
areas,  and  all  open  spaces  between  build- 
lugs  and  street*,  and  In  view  of  su.-h 
streets,  the  word  "ashes"  shall  be  held 
ro  Include  cinders,  coal,  and  everything 
•bat  usually  remains  after  fires;  the  word 
"rubbish"  shall  be  held  <o  Include  all 
the  loose  and  decayed  material  and  dlrf- 
llke  substance  that  attends  use  or  decay, 
or  which  accumulates  from  building, 
storing,  or  cleaning;  the  word  "garbago” 
shall  be  held  to  Include  awlll  and  every 
aocumulaiion  of  both  animal  and  v»ji  a- 
bls  matter,  liquid  or  otherwise,  that  at- 


tends the  preparation,  decay,  and  dealing  | 
in,  or  storage  ot  meats,  fish,  fowls,  birds,  j 
or  vegetables;  and  the  word  “dirt”  shall  j 
be  held  to  mean  natural  soil,  earth,  and  | 
stone.  ! 

Sec.  3.  A "tenement  house”  shall  be 
taken  to  mean  and  Include  every  house, 
building,  or  portion  thereof,  which  Is 
rented,  leased,  let  or  hired  out  to  be  oc- 
cupied, or  is  occupied,  as  the  home,  or 
residence  ot  three  families  or  more,  liv- 
ing independently  of  each  other,  and  do- 
ing their  cooking  upon  the  premises,  or 
by  more  than  two  families  upon  any  floor, 
so  living  and  cooking,  but  having  a com- 
mon right  in  the  balls,  stairways,  yards, 
i water  closets,  or  privies,  or  some  of 
j them.  A "lodging  house"  shall  be  taken 
to  mean  and  include  any  house  or  bund- 
ling. or  portion  thereof,  in  which  persons 
are  harbored  or  received,  or  lodged  for 
hire  for  a single  night,  or  for  less  than 
a week  at  one  time,  or  any  part  of  which 
is  let  for  any  person  to  sleep  in  for  any 
term  less  than  a week.  A "cellar”  shall 
be  taken  to  mean  and  Include  every  base- 
ment or  lower  story  of  any  building  or 
house  of  which  one-half  or  more  of  the 
height  from  the  floor  to  the  ceiling  Is  be- 
low the  level  of  the  street  adjoining.  The 
; phrase  “boarding  house"  shall  be  held  to 
include  every  building,  and  every  story 
and  portion  thereof,  which  is  at  any  time 
or  usually  used,  leased,  or  occupied,  or  in- 
tended so  to  be.  by  aDy  number  of  per- 
sons exceeding  ten,  as  boarders  thereat. 
The  word  "manufactory”  shall  he  held  to 
Include  every  building,  arid  every  story 
and  portion  thereof,  in  which  any  sort  of 
labor  or  work  is  done,  which  calls  for  the 
i continual  or  usual  presence  of  several 
| persons  during  several  hours  of  the  day 
or  night,  engaged  about  said  work  or 
labor;  ?.nd  the  word  "saloon”  shall  be 
bell  to  Includp  every  portion  of  any 
minding  iu  v.  hl  li  the  business  of  selling 
meals,  liquors,  drinks,  or  refreshments  of 
. any  kind,  shall  be  conducted,  and  in- 
I eludes  "concert  saloons  ” 

See  1.  The  term  "theaicr”  shall  be  held 
o include  the  building,  rooms,  and  place 
whore  any  play,  concert,  opera,  circus, 
j trick  or  Jugglery  show,  gymnastic  or 
other  exhibition,  masquerade,  public 
dance,  drill,  lecture,  address,  or  other 
public  or  frequent  gathering  or  amuse- 
ment. are.  Is.  or  may  be  h’ld.  given,  per- 
formed. or  take  place,  and  the  approach 
or  approaches  thereto,  and  e.pptirtenances 
•hereof. 

Sor.  5.  The  word  "physician"  shall  In- 
clude every  person  who  practices  ibnul 
the  cure  of  the  sick  or  injured.  or  who 
ha*  Hie  charge  of.  or  professionally  pre- 
scribes for.  anv  person  slek  injured  or 
disease!;  and  the  phi  tsa  'Infectious  un- 


ease" shall  be  held  to  include  ail  dis- 
eases ot  an  infectious,  contagious  or  pes- 
tilential nature. 

Sec.  6.  The  word  "meat”  whenever 
herein  used,  includes  every  part  of  any 
land  animal  and  eggs  (whether  mixed  or 
not  with  any  other  substance);  and  tha 
word  "fish"  includes  every  part  of  ao* 
animal  that  lives  in  water,  or  the  flesh 
of  which  Is  not  meat;  and  the  word 
"vegetable"  includes  every  article  of 
human  consumption  as  food,  which  (not 
being  meat,  or  fish,  or  milk)  is  held,  or 
offered,  or  intended  for  sale  or  consump- 
tion as  f >od  for  human  beings,  at  any 
place  in  said  city;  and  all  fish  and  meat 
found  therein  shall  be  deemed  to  be 
j therein  and  held  for  such  sale  or  con- 
sumption as  such  food,  unless  the  con- 
trary be  distinctly  proved. 

Sec.  7.  The  word  "cattle”  shall  be  held 
| to  Include  all  animals, ^except  birds,  fowl. 
' and  fish,  of  which  any  part  of  the  body 
Ms  used  as  food;  the  word  “butcher”  shall 
j be  held  to  Include  whoever  is  engaged  in 
[i  he  business  of  keeping,  driving,  or 
slaughtering  any  cattle,  or  In  selling  any 
!meat;  the  words  “private  market"  shall 
; include  every  store,  cellar,  stand,  and 
I place  (not  being  a part  of  a public  mar- 
i itet)  at  which  the  business  is  the  buying, 
.selling,  or  keeping  for  sale,  of  meat.  fish. 
S or  vegetables  for  human  food. 


I 

Mlnfemnnoe  uml  Nonfeasance. 

Sec.  8.  No  person  shall  carelessly  or 
negligently  do  or  devise  or  contribute  lo 
the  doing  of  any  act  or  thing  dangerous 
to  the  life,  or  detrimental  to  the  health 
of  any  human  being;  nor  shall  any  per- 
son knowingly  do  or  advise  or  contribute 
to  the  doing  of  any  such  act  or  thing  (noc 
! actually  authorized  by  law),  except  with 
Justifiable  motives,  nnd  for  adequate  rea- 
sons; nor  shall  any  person  omit  to  do 
any  act,  or  to  take  any  precaution,  rea- 
sonable and  proper,  to  prevent  or  remove 
danger  or  detriment  to  ibe  life  or  health 
of  any  human  being. 

OI*e«llen«-r  in  Ordinance*  and  Itegn- 
In  t iunn. 

Sec.  9.  Fvery  contractor  In  these 
ordinance*  referred  to,  and  every  person 
who  ha*  contracted  or  undertakes,  or  Is 
bound  lo  do,  or  Is  engaged  In  doing  anr 
one  of  the  things.  In  respect  of  which 
these  ordinance-*  contain  provisions  or 
regulations,  shall  (oinpJy  with  the** 
ordinances,  to  the  extent  that  any  con- 
tract, obligation,  or  duty  requires  or  per- 
mit*; and  no  direction  of  any  ronraeror* 
or  persons  shall  excuse  him  for  a noq- 
conipliance  with  any  of  sal  t ordinance*. 

Sec.  lo.  If  In  hereby  declared  to  tie  th- 
duty  of  every  owner  mid  part  oviv-r  ntol 
1 person  Interest  fd,  and  cf  ever)  l-s*  j. 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AfHisC’l  1NG  "i'Hc  oti  V Or  aLV.  YORK, 


tenant,  and  occupant  of  or  in  any  place, 
water,  ground,  room,  stall,  apartment, 
building,  erection,  vessel,  vehicle, 
matter,  and  thing  in  The  City  of 
New  York,  and  of  every  person  conduct- 
'll; or  interested  in  business  therein  or 
thereat,  and  of  every  person  who  has 
undertaken  to  clean  any  place,  ground  or 
street  therein,  and  of  every  person,  pub- 
lic officer  and  department  having  churge 
<•£  any  ground,  place,  building  or  erection 
i herein,  to  keep,  place  and  preserve  the 
same  and  the  sewerage,  drainage  and 
ventilation  thereof  in  such  condition,  and 
to  conduct  the  same  In  such  manner,  that 
it  shall  not  be  a nuisance  or  be  dangerous 
or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health.  The  term 
'‘building”  as  used  in  this  section,  in- 
cludes a railway  car,  booth,  tent,  shop  or 
other  erection  or  enclosure. 

Sec.  11.  Every  person  shall  observe  and 
obey  each  and  every  special  regulation 
and  every  order  of  this  board,  that  is  or 
may  be  made,  for  carrying  into  effect  any 
of  the  ordinances  or  powers  hereinbefore 
or  hereinafter  contained,  or  any  law  of 
this  state  or  otherwise,  -whether  issued 
directly  by  the  board,  or  promulgated 
by  any  bureau  charged  therewith,  as  if  j 
the  same  had  been  herein  inserted  at 
] engtb. 

Sec.  12.  No  person  shall  omit  or  refuse 
to  comply  with,  or  resist,  any  of  the  pro- 
visions of  the  sanitary  code,  or  any  of  the 
rules,  orders,  sanitary  regulations  or  or- 
dinances established  or  declared  by  this 
board  under  or  pursuant  to  any  of  the 
provisions  of  the  seventy-fourth  chapter 
of  the  Laws  of  18.66;  or  of  chapter  six 
hundred  and  eighty-six  of  the  Laws  of 
1866;  or  of  chapter  nine  hundred  and 
fifty-six  of  the  Laws  of  1867;  or  of  chap- 
ter three  hundred  and  thirty-five  of  the 
Laws  of  1873;  or  of  chapter  seven  hun- 
dred and  fifty-seven  of  the  Laws  of  1873; 
or  of  chapter  six  hundred  and  thirty-six 
of  the  Laws  of  1874;  or  of  chapter  three 
hundred  and  seventy-eight,  of  the  Laws 
of  1897;  or  of  chapter  four  hundred  and 
sixty-six  of  the  Laws  of  1901;  nor  shall 
any  person  refuse  or  neglect  to  comply 
with  any  of  the  provisions  of  the  said 
laws  in  so  far  as  the  same  are  now  in 
force  and  applicable  to  The  City  of  New 
York;  or  omit  or  refuse  or  neglect  the 
execution  of  any  order  or  special  regula- 
tion of  this  department;  no  person  shall 
interfere  with  or  obstruct  any  inspector 
of  this  department  when  making  the  in- 
spections or  examinations  ordered  by  ibis 
hoard,  or  when  executing  its  orders. 

Sec.  13.  The  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  and 
occupant  of  any  building  or  premises,  or 
of  any  part  thereof,  where  there  shall  be 
a nuisance,  or  a violation  of  any  or- 
dinance or  section  of  the  saniiary  cede, 
shall  be  Jointly  and  severally  liable 
i herefore  and  each  of  them  may  be  re- 
quired to  abate  the  nuisance,  or  comply 
with  the  order  of  the  board  of  health  ir. 
respect  to  the  premises,  c?  the  part 
’hereof,  of  which  such  person  is  owner, 
lessee,  tenant  or  occupant. 

Sec.  14.  Whenever  a nuisance  in  any 
placs  or  upon  any  premises  in  The  City 
of  New  York  shall  have  been  found  or 
declared  by  resolution  of  the  board  of 
health  to  exist,  and  an  order  shall  have 
been  made  directing  the  owner,  lessee, 
tenant  or  occupant  of  such  premises  to 
make  suitable  and  necessavy  repairs  or 
improvements,  or  to  abate  the  said  nui- 
sance, such  repairs  or  improvements 
shall  be  made  and  such  nuisance  shall 
be  fully  abated  within  the  time  specified 
in  and  by  said  order. 

False  Statemenu, 

Sec.  15.  No  person  shall  make  any  false 
or  untruthful  statement  in  any  applica- 
tion for  a permit  from  the  board  of 
health. 

Dwelling's.  l.oilaiiiit-llmiiiM  and 

Other  BnfldinK«,  Ventilation. 

Drainage  and  Plumbing:. 

Sec.  1G.  No  person  shall  hereafter 
erect,  or  cause  to  be  erected,  or  convert- 
ed to  a new  purpose  by  alteration,  any 
building  or  structure  or  change  the  con- 


struction of  any  part  of  any  building  by 
addition  nr  otherwise,  so  that  it,  or  any 
part  thereof,  shall  he  inadequate  or  de- 
fective in  respect  to  strength,  ventilation, 
light,  sewerage,  or  any  other  usual,  prop- 
er, or  necessary  provision  or  precaution 
for  the  security  of  life  and  health;  and 
do  person  shall  make  or  use  a smoke 
house  or  room  or  apparatus  for  smoking 
meat,  without  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health,  and  subject  to  the  conditions 
thereof;  nor  shall  the  builder,  owner,  les- 
see, tenant  or  occupant  of  any  such,  or 
of  any  other  building  cr  structure,  cause 
or  allow  any  matter  nr  things  to  Vie  or  to 
be  done  in  or  about  any  such  building  or  j 
structure  dangerous  or  prejudicial  in  life  i 
or  health. 

Sec.  17.  No  owner  or  lessee  of  any 
building,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  lease 
or  let  or  hire  out  or  allow  the  same  or 
any  portion  thereof  to  be 


auy  person  or  allow  any  one  to  dwell  or 
lodge  therein,  except  when  said  building 
or  such  parts  thereof  are  sufficiently 
lighted,  ventilated,  provided  and  accom- 
modated. and  are  in  all  respects  in  that 
condition  of  cleanliness  and  wholesome  - 
ness  for  which  this  code  or  any  law  of 
this  state  provides,  or  in  which  they  cr 


keeping,  hire,  or  assist  in  hiring,  or  con- 
duct the  business  of  any  such  lodging- 
house,  or  the  lodgings  therein,  except 
pursuant  to  the  terms  and  conditions  of 
such  permit.  The  beds  in  all  lodging- 
houses  and  in  every  room  in  which  beds 
are  let  for  lodgers  shall  be  separated  by 
a passageway  of  not  less  than  two  feet, 
horizontally,  and  all  the  beds  shall  be 
so  arranged  that  under  each  of  them  the 
air  shall  freoly  circulate  and  there  shall 
be  adequate  ventilation. 

Four  hundred  cubic  feet  of  air  space 
shall  be  provided  and  allowed  for  each 
bed  or  lodger. 

Lodging-houses  shall  b»  conducted  in 
accordance  with  rules  and  regulations 
adopted  from  time  to  time  by  the  Board 
of  Health  and  which  are  hereby  made  'a 
part  thereof. 

See,  22.  Every  owner,  lessee,  tenant  and 
occupied  by  j manager  of  any  boarding  house  or  manu- 


factory, shall  cause  every  part  thereof 
and  its  appurtenances  to  be  put,  and  shi .11 
thereafter  cause  the  same  to  be  kept,  in 
a cleanly  and  wholesome  condition,  and 
shall  cause  every  room,  thereof  in  which 
any  person  may  sleep,  dwell,  or  work, 
to  be  adequately  lighted  and  ventilate  L 
and,  if  the  same  be  a manufactory,  shall 
either  of  them  require  any  such  premises  cause  every  part  thereof  in  which  an' 
to  be  kept.  Nor  shall  any  such  person  j parson  may  work,  to  be  maintained  at 


jpt. 

rent,  let.  lure  out  or  allow,  having  power 
to  prevent  the  same,  to  be  used  as  or  for 
a place  of  ^looping  or  residence,  any 
portion  or  apartment,  of  any  building, 
which  apa Ament  or  portion  has  not  ’it 


such  temperature,  and  be  provided  with 
such  accommodations  and  safeguards,  as 
not,  by  reason  of  the  want  thereof,  or  of 
anything  about  the  condition  of  such  man- 
ufactory or  its  appurtenances,  to  cause 
least  two  feet  of  its  height  and  space  i auy  unnecessary  danger  or  detriment  to 


above  the  level  of  every  part  of  the  side- 
walk r 3.1  durbstono  of  any  adjacent  street 
nor  of  which  the  floor  is  damp  by  reason 
of  water  from  the  ground,  or  which  is 
impregnated  cr  penetrated  by  any  offen- 
ivo  gas,  smell  or  exhalation  prejudicial 


the  life  or  health  of  any  person  h 
properly  therein  or  thereat. 

Sec.  23.  All  filthy  and  dirty  walls  and 
ceilings  of  any  building,  including  tb“ 
walls  and  ceiling  of  the  cellar  thereof, 
shall  be  thoroughly  cleaned  and  white 


to  health.  But  this  section  shall  not  washed  whenever  required  by  the  board 


prevent  the  leasing,  renting  or  occupan- 
cy of  cellars  or  rooms  less  elevated  than 
aforesaid,  and  as  a part  of  any  building 
rented  or  let,  when  they  are  not  let 
or  intended  to  be  occupied  or  used  by  any 
person  as  a.  sleeping  apartment,  or  as  a 
principal  or  sole  dwelling  apartment. 

Sec.  33.  No  person  having  the  right  an;’ 
power  to  prevent  the  same  shall  know- 
ingly cause  or  permit  any  person  to  s',  rp 
or  remain  in  any  cellar,  or  in  any  bath- 


of  health. 

See.  24.  The  roofs  and  skylights  o?  all 
buildings  shall  be  kept  in  a condition  of 
j good  repair  so  that  rain  water  aball  no- 
enter  the  building. 

Sec.  25.  No  master  or  teacher,  or  man- 
■ ager  of  or  in  any  school,  public  or  pri- 
| vate,  or  of  or  in  any  Sunday  school  or 
j gymnasium,  or  the  officers  or  managers 
| thereof,  or  officers  or  managers  or  per- 
sons having  charge  of  any  place  of  publ. 


of  a want  of  ventilation  or  dra  :cr.- 


water  cfoset.T  iT^S  i sbaH  s.°, tar  OOJit  or  aa' 

c-  ’ duty  or  reasonable  care  or  precaution  re- 

specting the  safety  or  health  of  any 

. 4,  , , ) scholar,  pupil,  or  attendant,  or  respeet- 

by  reason  ol  tne  presence  of  anv  po.r-en-  *1  * ..  j 

* ,,  * 1 , mg  the  temperature,  ventilation,  or  clean- 

ous.  noxious,  or  offensive  odors  or  sub-  , ■ ~ * . . , , 

stance  or  otherwise  I l!EBSS  or  strangth  of  any  church'  hal1  of 

Bta  e’,  ...  I worship,  school-house,  school-room,  or 

Sec.  It.  -'•o  owner,  lessee,  or  keeper  of  j place  of  practice  or  exercise,  or  relative 
any  tenement  house,  lodging  house,  bo  ird-  j anything  appurtenant  thereto,  as  tha 
ing  house  or  man;,  artory,  snail  cause  nr  j reason  0f  such  neglect  or  omission,  the 

life  or  health  of  any  person  shall  suffer 


a'.Jew  the  same  fo  he  overcrowded  or 
cause  or  allow  so  great  a number  of  pe-- 
eons  to  dwell,  be.  or  sleep  in  anv  such 
house,  or  any  portion  thereof,  as  l:.ar  Ay 
to  cause  any  danger  or  detriment  to  life 
or  health. 

Sec.  20.  Every  owner,  lessee,  keeper  or 
manager  of  any  tenement  house,  boarding 
house,  lodging  bouse,  dwelling  bexae  or 
manufactory  shall  provide,  or  cause  to  o" 
provided,  fog  tho  accoiumodat  ion  thereof 
and  for  the  use  of  the  tenants,  boarde. ... 


man 

inch 


lodgers  dwellers  or  workers  thereat.  | jjE£ 
adequate  privies  or  water  closets,  and 
the  same  shall  be  properly  ventilated, 
and  shall  at  all  tim’s  he  kept  in  sum 
to  be  offensive  or  dangerous  or  dotri- 
cleanly  and  wholesome  condition  as  r.oi 
mental  to  life  or  health.  And  no  offen- 
sive smell  or  gases,  from  or  through  my 
outlet  or  sewer,  or  through  any  such  privy 
or  water  closet,  shall  be  allowed  by  any 
person  aforesaid  to  pass  into  such  house 


or  incur  any  avoidable  peril  or  detrimen:, 
and  no  day  nursery  shall  be  conducted  in 
The  City  of  New  York  without  a perm-.: 
from  the  board  of  health. 

Sec.  26.  Every  keeper  or  proprietor  i ' 
a hotel  or  boarding  house,  and  every 
other  person  having  for  use  a bathing- 
house  upon  any  beach  or  shore  of  the 
ocean,  lor  the  accommodation  of  his 
guests  or  other  persons  for  pay.  shall  pro- 
vide for  the  safety  of  such  bathers  two 


of  sound,  serviceable  and  strong 
ia  or  hemn  rope,  uot  less  than  one 
in  diameter,  anchored  at  some  paint 
above  high  water,  at  the  same  distance 
apart  as  the  line  of  bathing-houses,  or 
apace  fronting  on  such  beach  occupied  by 
him  is  in  width;  and  from  the  two  point* 
at  which  such  life  lines  are  so  anchored 
such  line  shall  be  made  to  extend  as  fjr 
into  the  surf  as  bathing  ia  ordinarily  sere 
and  free  from  danger  of  drowning  to  par- 


of  any  pari  thereof,  or  into  any  other  soas  „ot  expert  in  swimming,  and  at  such 


I house  or  buildin] 

Sec.  21.  For  all  lodging-hour ce  in  The 
City  of  New  York  containing  rooms  in 
which  there  are  more  than  three  beds 
for  the  use  of  lodgers  or  in  which  more 
than  sis  persons  are  allowed  to  sleep,  a 
permit  from  the  Board  of  Health  shall 
be  required,  and  no  person  shall  have, 
lease,  let  or  keep  any  such  lodging-house 
or  the  lodging*  therein,  or  outlet  in  ‘h* 


points  of  safety  such  lines  shall  be  an- 
chored and  buoyed.  Prom  the  two  point* 
of  such  lines  so  extended,  anchored  and 
buoyed,  a third  line  shall  be  extender', 
connecting  the  two  extremities,  and 
buoyed  at  such  points  as  to  bo  principally 
above  the  surface  of  tho  water,  thereby 
inclosing  a space  witbln  such  lines  and 
the  beach  within  which  bathing  Is  be- 
’•---l  to  b»  s?Je.  Brvy  k59P«r  or 


THE  SANITARY  CODE. 


proprietor  or  ocher  such  person  shall 
anse  to  be  painted  and  put  up  In  some 
prominent  place  upon  the  beach,  near 
such  bathing-houses,  the  following  words.. 
Bathing  beyond  the  lines  dangerous. 
Such  lines  so  placed,  anchored  and 
buoyed,  and  such  notice  so  put  up,  snai 
continue  and  be  so  maintained  by  every 
such  keeper,  proprietor  or  other  person 
during  the  entire  season  of  surf  bathing. 
The  owner  of  a bathing-house  shall  uot 
be  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  sec- 
tion where  it  Is  used,  occupied  or  main- 
tained by  a lessee  for  hire,  but  such 
lessee  shall  be  deemed  the  keeper  or  pro- 
prietor  thereof.  No  bathing  establish- 
ment shall  be  maintained  in  The  City  oi 
New  York  or  along  the  water  front  of 
said  city  without  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health. 


sewerage  and  Drainage. 

Sec.  27.  Every  person  using,  making,  or 
having  any  dralu,  soil-pipe,  passage  or 
. onnectlon  between  any  sewer  (or  wltn 
iuy  river  or  other  body  of  water)  and  any 
ground,  building,  erection,  or  place  oi 
business,  and  In  like  manner  every"  owner 
or  tenant  of  any  grounds,  buildings  oi 
erections,  and  every  person  interested  m 
such  place  of  business  or  the  business 
thereat,  and  in  like  manner  every  board, 
department,  officer,  and  person  (to  the  ex- 
tent of  the  right  and  authority  of  each), 
shall  cause  and  require  such  drain,  soil- 
pipe  passage  and  connection  to  be  at  all 
lime’s  adequate  for  its  purpose,  and  to 
convey  and  allow,  freely  and  entirely,  to 
pass  whatever  enters  or  should  enter  tne 
came;  and  no  change  shall  be  made  of  the 
drainage,  sewerage,  or  the  sewer  connec- 
tion of  any  bouse  or  premises,  involving 
changes  In  the  drainage,  sewerage,  or 
"ewer  connection  of  any  other  house  or 
premises,  unless  at  least  thirty  days 
uotice  thereof  In  writing  shall  lia\e  been 
previously  given  to  this  department,  and 
10  the  owner  or  occupant  of  the  premises 
affected  by  such  change. 

Sec  28.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  all 
boards,  departmeius.  officers,  and  persons 
having  power  and  authority  so  to  do  or 
require  (and  to  the  extent  thereof)  to 
cause  sufficient  water  to  be  used,  and 

ocher  adequate  means  to  be  taken,  so 

that  whatever  substances  may  enter  any 
seWer  shall  pass  speedily  along  and  from 
the  same,  and  sufficiently  far  into  some 
water  or  proper  reservoir,  that  no  accu- 
mulations shall  take  place,  and  no  exhala- 
tions proceed  therefrom,  dangerous  or 
nrejudic'al  to  life  or  health. 

Sec  29.  No  brick,  sheet  metal,  or 

earthenware  material  or  chimney  flue 

shall  oe  used  as  a sewer  ventilator,  or  to 
ventilate  any  trap,  drain,  soli  or  waste 

^'see  30.  The  soil,  waste  and  vent  pipes 
In  an  extension  to  any  building  must  be 
extended  above  the  roof  of  the  main 
building  if  within  thirty  feet  of  the  front 
or  rear  windows  of  the  main  building  or 
of  an  adjoining  building,  or  If  so  located 
»s  to  cause  a nuisance. 

Sec.  31.  All  Joints  In  Iron  drain  pipes, 
soil  and  waste  pipes,  must  be  tilled  with 
oakum  an  1 lead  and  hand  caulked  so  as 
to  make  them  gas-light.  All  connections 
of  lead  with  iron  pipes  must  be  made  with 
a brass  sleeve  or  ferrule  of  the  same  size 
as  the  lead  pipe,  put  in  the  hub  of  the 
branch  of  'he  iron  pipe,  and  caulked  with 
lead  The  lead  pipe  must  be  atached  to 
the  ferrule  by  a wiped  or  overcast  Joint. 
\U  connections  of  lend  waste  and  vent- 
pipes  shall  be  made  by  means  of  wiped 

joints.  . „ 

Sec  32.  All  house  drains,  waste,  soil 
and  vent  pipes,  traps,  and  water  pipes  In 
any  building  and  premises  shall  at  all 
rimes  be  kept  In  good  order  and  repuli 
*o  that  no  gases  or  odors  shall  escape 
therefrom  and  so  that  the  same  shall  nut 

leak.  , , . 

Hec.  S3-  Every  water-closet,  urinal, 
sink,  basin,  wash-tray,  bath  and  every  tub 
or  set  of  tubs  and  hydrant  waste  pipe 
must  be  separately  and  effectively 
trapped;  except  where  a sink  and  wash 
tubs  immediately  adjoin  each  other.  In 
which  case  the  waste  pipe  from  the  tubs 
mny  be  connected  with  the  Inlet  «Mq  of 


the  sink  trap.  Traps  must  he  placed  a» 

near  the  fixtures  as  practicable,  and  :n 
no  case  shall  a trap  be  more  than  two 
feet  from  the  fixture.  Iu  no  case  shall  tn 
waste  from  a bath  tub  or  other  fixtuic 
be  connected  with  a water-closet  trap.  * 
trap  vent  pipe  shall  be  used  as  a wa 
or  soil  pipe. 

Sec.  34.  No  drain  pipe  from  a retngei 
ator  shall  be  conuected  with  the  soil 
waste  pipe,  but  it  shall  discharge  into 
properly  trapped,  sewer-connected,  uat 
supplied,  open  sink.  No  overflow  P P 
from  a tank  shall  discharge  into  any  sou 
or  waste  pipe  or  water-closet  trap, 
into  the  drain  or  sewer,  but  it  may  dis- 
charge upon  the  roof  or  into  an  open 
water-supplied  tank. 

Sec.  35.  Rain  water  leaders  shall  De 
sound,  tight  and  adequate  for  their  pur- 
pose and  shall  not  be  used  as  soil,  waste 
or  vent  pipes,  or  be  connected  therewith, 
nor  shall  any  soil,  waste  or  vent  pipe  De 
used  as  a leader.  Wheu  within  the  house 
the  leader  must  be  of  cast  Iron,  with 
leaded  Joints;  when  outside  of  the  house 
and  connected  with  the  house  drain  It 
must  be  trapped  beneath  the  ground  or 
just  inside  of  the  wall,  the  trap  being 
arranged  in  either  case  so  as  to  prevent 
freezing.  In  every  case  where  a leader 
opens  near  a window  or  a lightshart,  it 
must  be  properly  trapped  at  its  base 
The  joint  between  a cast  iron  leader  ana 
the  roof  must  be  made  gas  and  water 
tight  by  means  of  a bras3  ferrule  and 
lead  or  copper  pipe  properly  connected. 

Sec.  36.  The  waste  or  soil  pipe  in  every 
lodging  house,  or  other  dwelling  in  The 
City  of  New  York  shall  be  ventilated  by 
extending  the  same  by  means  of  a pipe 
of  the  same  size  to  the  height  of  not  less 
than  two  feet  above  the  roof  of  the 

^'sec!*1 37.  No  privy  vault,  or  cesspool, 
shall  be  allowed  to  remain  on  any  prem- 
ises or  shall  be  built  in  the  City  of  New 
York  unless  when  unavoidable.  The  sides 
and  bottom  of  every  privy  vault,  cesspool, 
or  school-sink  in  the  City  of  New  \01'* 
must  bo  impermeable,  and  secure  against 
any  saturation  of  the  walls  or  the  ground 
above  the  same,  unless  otherwise  allowed 
bv  a permit  in  writing  from  the  Board  of 
Health.  No  water-closet  or  privy  vault 
shall  be  constructed  without  adequate 
provision  for  the  effectual  and  proper 
ventilation  and  cleansing  thereof. 

Sec  38.  No  person,  persons,  company 
or  corporation  shall  cause,  permit  or  al- 
low any  sewage,  drainage,  factory  refuse 
or  anv  foul  or  offensive  liquid  or  other 
material  to  flow,  leak,  escape  or  be 
emptied  or  discharged  Into  the  waters 
of  any  river,  stream,  canal,  harbor,  bay 
or  estuary,  or  Into  tho  sea  within  the 
city  limits,  excepting  under  low  water 
mark  and  In  such  manner  and  under  such 
conditions  that  uo  nuisance  can  or  shall 
be  caused  thereby  or  as  a result  thereof. 

Street  Druinnue. 

Sec  39.  Every  person,  when  cleaning 
any  street,  shall  clean,  and  every  con- 
tractor shall  cause  to  be  cleaned,  the 
gutters  and  parts  ot  tho  street  along 
which  tho  water  will  run,  before  using 
any  water  to  wash  the  same;  and  no 
substance  that  could  be  before  scraped 
away  shall  be  washed  or  allowed  to  bo 
carried  or  be  put  Into  the  sewer,  or  Into 
any  receptacle  therewith  connected. 

Sec  40  No  persou  being  owner,  lessee,  , 
tenant  or  occupant  of  any  building  or  | 
premises,  shall  allow  any  water  or  other 
liquid  to  run  from  or  out  of  such  build-  1 
lng  or  premises  upon  or  across  any  side  - 
walk or  curbstone,  and  if  such  substance 
Is  allowed  to  pass  Into  any  street.  It  must 
reach  the  same  by  a passage,  to  be  kept 
at  all  time  adequate  and  In  repair,  under 
or  through  such  flagstone  or  curbstone; 
and  no  water  or  other  liquid,  or  (go 
therefrom,  shall  bo  allowed  to  gathor  or 
remain  on  the  upper  surface  of  such  curb, 
flagstone  or  passage;  nor  shall  such  per- 
son allow  any  accumulation  of  such 
wuler  or  liquid,  or  the  loo  therefrom, 
upon  any  street  or  place,  but  shall  at  all 
times  cause  tho  same  to  be  removed  or 
to  pass  along  the  gutter  or  somo  proper 
passage  to  ouo  of  th?  rivers  cr  Into  a 
cr.  • 


Sec.  41.  Every  owner,  tenant,  1#»»»* 
and  occupant  of  any  building  or  lot 
(whether  vacant  or  occupied)  within  or 
near  the  built-up  portions  of  said  city, 
shall  keep  and  cause  to  be  kept  the  side- 
walk and  flagging,  and  curbstone  in  front 
thereof,  free  from  obstructions  and 
nuisances  of  every  kind,  and  shall  not 
allow  anything  in  the  aroa  or  yard  or  on 
or  about  his  premises  to  become  a 
nuisance,  or  dangerous  or  prejudicial  to 
life  or  health. 


Food  nud  Drink. 

Sec.  42.  No  meat,  fish.  eggs,  birds,  fowl, 
fruit,  vegetables  or  milk  not  being  then 
healthy,  fresh,  sound,  wholesome  and  safe 
for  human  food,  nor  any  meat  or  fish 
that  died  by  disease  or  accident,  shall  be 
brought  into  The  City  of  New  York,  or 
offered  or  held  for  sale  as  such  food  any- 
where in  said  city,  nor  shall  any  such 
articles  be  kept  or  stored  therein. 

For  the  purposes  of  this  section  any 
meat,  fish,  eggs,  birds,  fowl,  fruit,  vege- 
tables or  milk  offered  for  sale  anywhere 
In  the  city  by  dealers  In  food,  shall  be 
deemed  to  be  offered  or  held  for  sale  as 
food. 

Sec.  43.  No  calf,  or  the  meat  thereof, 
shall  be  brought  into  The  City  of  New 
York  or  held,  sold  or  offered  for  sale  for 
human  food,  which,  when  killed,  was  less 
than  four  weeks  old,  or  -hen  killed  and 
dressed  weighs  less  than  forty-five 
pounds.  No  pig,  or  the  meat  thereof 
shall  be  brought  into  The  City  of  New 
York  or  held,  sold,  or  offered  for  sale  for 
human  food,  which,  when  killed,  was  less 
than  five  weeks  old.  No  lamb,  or  the  meat 
thereof,  shall  be  brought  into  The  City  of 
New  York  or  hold,  sold  or  offered  for 
sale  for  human  food,  which,  when  killed, 
was  less  than  eight  weeks  old.  Nor  shall 
any  meager,  sickly  or  unwholesome  fish, 
birds  or  fowl  be  brought  Into  said  city  or 
held,  sold  or  offered  for  sale  for  human 
food. 

Sec.  44.  No  cattle  shall  be  killed  for 
human  food  while  In  an  overheated,  fev- 
erish, or  diseased  condition;  and  all  such 
diseased  cattle,  in  The  City  of  New  York, 
and  the  place  where  found,  and  their  dis- 
ease, shall  be  at  once  reported  to  thla 
department  by  the  owner  or  custodian 
thereof,  that  the  proper  order  may  be 
made  relative  thereto,  or  for  the  removal 
thereof  from  said  city. 

See.  45.  Tlie  body  of  any  animal,  or  any 
part  thereof,  which  is  to  be  used  as  hu- 
man food,  shall  not  be  carted  or  carried 
through  t.lie  streets  or  avenues,  unless  It 
be  so  covered  as  to  protect  it  from  dust 
and  dirt;  and  no  moat,  poultry,  game  or 
fish  shall  be  hung  or  exposed  for  sale  in 
any  street  or  outside  o.f  any  shop  or 
store,  or  In  tho  open  windows  or  door- 
ways thereof,  In  The  City  of  New  York. 
No  meat  or  dead  nnlmal  above  the  size  of 
a rabbit  shall  bo  taken  to  any  public  or 
private  markot  to  bo  sold  for  human  food 
until  the  same  eball  have  been  fully 
tooled  after  killing,  nor  until  the  entrails 
aud  feet  (except  of  poultry  and  game, 
and  except  the  feet  of  swine),  shall  havs 
been  removed. 

Sec.  46.  No  breadstuffs,  cake,  pastry, 
sliced  fresh  fruits,  dried  or  preserved 
fruits,  candles,  confectionery,  or  other 
perishable  food  products,  except  those 
thnt  are  peeled,  pared,  or  cooked  before 
consumption,  shall  be  kept,  soli,  offered 
for  sale,  or  displayed  outside  of  any 
premises  In  The  City  of  New  York,  or  in 
any  street  or  public  place,  unless  they 
l„  kept  so  covered  that  they  shall  ba 
protected  from  dil6t,  dirt,  flics,  and  other 
contamination. 

Sec.  47.  No  person,  being  the  manager 
or  keeper  of  any  saloon,  boarding  house 
or  lodging  house,  or  being  employed  as  a 
clerk,  servant,  nr  agent  thc.eat,  Bhall 
therein  or  thereat,  offer  or  hate-,  for  food 
or  drink,  or  to  he  eaten  or  drunk,  auy 
poisonous,  deleterious,  or  unwholesome 
substance,  nor  allow  anything  therein  to 
be  done  or  to  occur,  dangerous  to  life  or 
prejudicial  to  health. 

Sec.  48.  No  meat,  Ash,  fruit, vegetables, 
eggs.  milk,  or  other  food,  or  unwholesome 
liquid  nlinil  be  Bold,  held,  offered  for  sale, 
t .i  -i,  | 3r  pry  r’i  ;»«ntpi|'>o  made  U 


72 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


respect  thereof  under  a false  name  or 
quality,  or  as  being  what  the  same  is 
not,  as  respects  wholesomeness,  sound- 
ness, or  safety  for  food  or  drink. 

Sec.  48a.  No  person  shall  break  out 
eggs  for  sale  or  conduct  be  business  of 
breaking  out  eggs  to  be  canned,  frozen, 
dried  or  used  in  any  other  manner  in  The 
City  of  New  York,  and  no  eggs  broken 
from  the  shell,  whether  canned,  frozen, 
dried,  or  treated  in  any  other  manner 
Bhall  be  received,  held,  kept,  sold,  offered 
for  sale  or  delivered  In  The  City  of  New 
York  without  a permit  from  the  Board 
of  Health  and  subject  to  the  conditions 
thereof,  and  subject  also  to  the  rules  and 
regulations  adopted  by  the  said  Board  of 
Health. 

(a)  No”  person  shall  receive,  hold,  keep, 
Bell  or  offer  for  sale  or  deliver,  as  or 
for  food,  or  to  be  used  in  food,  in  The 
City  of  New  York,  any  canned,  frozen,  or 
dried  eggs  or  eggs  broken  from  the  shell, 
which  are  adulterated  or  to  which  has 
been  added  any  poisonous  ingredient  or 
any  ingredient  which  may  render  such 
eggs  injurious  to  health,  or  to  which  has 
been  added  any  antiseptic,  preservative, 
o;  foreign  substance  not  evident  and  not 
known  to  the  purchaser  or  consumer,  or 
which  shall  contain  filthy,  decomposed  or 
putrid  animal  matter. 

(b)  No  person  shall  receive,  hold,  keep 
Bell  or  offer  for  sale  or  deliver  in  The 
City  of  New  York  any  eygs  known  as 
"spots"  except  in  eases  which  shall  be 
plainly  and  indelibly  labeled  at  both  ends 
with  the  printed  words  “Spot  Eggs,”  with 
black  letters  at  least  two  inches  high 
and  one  and  one-lialf  inches  wide,  wilh 
no  intervening  marks  or  lettering  be- 
tween the  words  or  the  letters  composing 
the  words,  and  a record  of  such  eggs 
and  the  disposition  thereof  shall  be  kept 
as  required  by  the  rules  and  regulations 
of  the  said  Board  of  Health, 

The  term  “Spots"  and  “Spot  Eggs" 
when  used  herein  means  all  unsound  eggs, 
including  those  affected  by  moulds,  partly 
decomposed,  broken  yolked,  blood  ringed 
or  veined,  partially  hatched,  sour,  or 
eggs  the  shells  of  which  are  so  broken 
or  cracked  that  the  contents  are  leaking 
therefrom. 

• For  the  purposes  of  this  section  a case 
of  eggs  shall  be  deemed  to  be  a case  of 
spot  eggs  if  fifty  per  cent,  or  more  of  the 
eggs  in  the  case  are  “Spots"  as  defined 
herein. 

Sec.  49.  Every  person,  being  the  owner, 
lessee,  or  occupant  of  any  room,  stall  or 
place  where  any  meat,  fish,  fruit  or  vege- 
tables, designed  or  held  for  human  food, 
shall  be  stored  or  kept,  or  shall  be  held 
or  offered  for  sale,  shall  put  and  keep 
such  room,  stall  and  place,  and  its  ap- 
purtenances, in  a cleanly  and  wholesome 
condition;  and  every  person  having 
charge,  or  interested  or  engaged,  whether 
as  principal  or  agent,  in  the  care  or  in 
respect  to  the  custody  or  sale  of  any 
meat,  fish,  fruit,  birds,  fowl  or  vege- 
tables, designed  for  human  food,  shall 
put  and  preserve  the  same  in  a cleanly 
and  wholesome  condition,  and  shall  not 
allow  the  same,  or  any  part  thereof,  to 
be  poisoned,  infected,  or  rendered  unsafe 
or  unwholesome  for  human  food. 

Sec.  50.  No  butcher  or  dealer  shall  keep 
In  any  market  any  refrigerator  or  ice- 
box, unless  the  same  shall  be  lined  with 
some  proper  metallic  substance,  so  as  to 
be  watertight. 

Sec.  51.  In  the  sale,  or  keeping  fer  sale, 
of  any  beverage  or  drink,  no  person  shall 
keep  or  use  any  tap,  faucet,  tank,  foun- 
tain or  vessel,  or  any  pipe  or  conduit  in 
connection  therewith,  which  shall  be 
composed  or  made,  either  wholly  or  In 
part,  of  brass,  lead,  copper,  or  other 
metal  or  metallic  substances  that  are  or 
will  be  affected  by  liquids  so  that  danger- 
ous, unwholesome  or  deleterious  com- 
pounds are  formed  therein  or  thereby,  or 
such  that  beer,  soda  water,  syrups  or 
other  liquids,  or  any  beverage,  drink  or 
flavoring  material  drawn  therefrom  shall 
be  unwholesome,  dangerous  or  detri- 
mental to  health. 

Bee,  52.  No  person  shall  have  at  any 


place  where  milk,  butter  or  cheese  is  kept  j 
for  sale,  nor  shall  at  any  place  sell,  dc-  i 
liver.  Or  offer,  or  have  for  sale,  or  keep  ( 
for  use,  nor  shall  any  person  bring  or 
send  to  said  city  any  unwholesome, 
watered  or  adulterated  milk,  or  milk 
known  as  “swill-milk,"  or  milk  from 
cows  or  other  animals  that  for  the  most 
part  have  been  kept  in  stables  or  that 
have  .been  fed  in  whole  or  in  part  on 
swill,  or  milk  from  sick  or  diseased  cows 
or  other  animals,  or  any  butter  or  cheese 
made  from  any  such  milk,  or  any  un- 
wholesome butter  or  cheese. 

Sec.  53.  No  milk  which  is  watered, 
adulterated,  reduced  or  changed  in  any 
respect  by  the  addition  of  water  or  other 
substance,  or  by  the  removal  of  cream, 
shall  be  brought  into  the  City  of  New 
York,  or  held,  kept,  sold  or  offered  for 
sale  at  any  place  In  said  city;  nor  shall 
anyone  keep,  have,  sell  or  offer  for  sale 
in  the  said  city  any  such  milk. 

The  term  “adulterated  milk."  when  so 
used  in  this  code,  means: 

First — Milk  containing  more  than  eigh- 
ty-eight per  centum  of  water  or  fluids. 

Second — Milk  containing  less  than 

IIV2  per  cent,  of  milk  solids. 

Third — Milk  containing  less  than  three 
per  centum  of  fats. 

Fourth — Milk  drawn  from  animals  with- 
in fifteen  days  before  or  five  days  after 
parturition. 

Fifth — Milk  drawn  from  animals  fed  on 
distillery  waste,  or  any  substance  in  a 
state  of  fermentation  or  putrefaction,  or 
on  any  unwholesome  food. 

Sixth— Milk  drawn  from  cows  kept  in  a 
crowded  or  unhealthy  condition. 

Seventh — Milk  from  which  any  part  of 
the  cream  has  been  removed. 

Eighth— Milk  which  has  been  diluted  with 
water  or  any  other  fluid,  or  to  which  has 
been  added,  or  into  which  has  been  intro- 
duced, any  foreign  substance  whatever. 

Ninth — Milk  the  temperature  of  which 
is  higher  than  50  degrees  Fahrenheit,  or 
which  contains  an  excessive  number  of 
bacteria. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not 
be  applicable,  however,  tP  modified  milk 
or  skimmed  milk  held  or  offered  for  sale 
under  permits  therefor  from  the  Board 
of  Health,  pursuant  to  the  rules  and  reg- 
ulations of  said  Board. 

Sec.  54.  Any  milk  found  to  be  adul- 
terated, which  has  been  brought  into  The 
City  of  New' York  or  is  held  or  offered 
for  sale  in  said  city,  may  be  seized  and 
destroyed  by  any  inspector  or  other  of- 
ficer of  this  department  authorized  to 
inspect  same. 

Sec.  55.  No  condensed  milk  which  is 
adulterated  shall  be  brought  into  TheCity  j 
of  New  York  or  held.  kept,  sold  or  of- 
fered for  sale  at  any  place  in  said  city,  ! 
nor  shall  any  one  have,  keep,  sell  or  offer 
for  sale  in  said  city  any  such  condensed 
milk.  The  term  “adulterated,"  when  used 
in  this  section,  refers  to  condensed  milk 
in  which  the  amount  of  fat  is  less  than 
twenty-five  per  cent,  of  the  milk  solids  j 
contained  therein,  or  to  which  any  for-  | 
eign  substance  whatever  has  been  added,  ! 
excepting  sugars,  as  in  preserved  milks.  ! 

Sec.  56.  No  milk,  modified  milk,  or 
cream  shall  be  renewed  held,  kept,  of-  I 
fered  for  sale  or  sold  and  delivered  In  j 
The  City  of  New  York  without  a permit 
in  writing  therefor  from  the  board  of  ! 
health,  and  subject  to  the  conditions  j 
thereof. 

By  the  term  “modified  milk"  is  meant  j 
milk  which  has  been  changed  by  the  ad-  ! 
dition  of  water,  barley  water,  lime  water,  * 
sugar  of  milk,  or  other  substances  in-  j 
tended  to  render  the  milk  suitable  far  in-  ! 
fant  feeding. 

Sec.  56a.  All  milk  held,  kept,  offered  for  ’ 
sale  or  sold  and  delivered  in  The  City  of; 
New  York  shall  be  so  held,  kept,  offered 
for  sale  or  sold  and  delivered  under  either  j 
or  any  of  the  following  grades  or  desig-  1 
nations  and  under  no  other,  and  in  ac- 
cordance with  such  rules  and  regulations  i 
as  may  be  adopted  by  the  board  of  | 
health,  namely: 

Milk:  This  term  shall  be  applied  to 
cows’  milk  which  conforms  to  the  require- 


ments of  Section  53  of  the  Sanitary  Cod* 
and  which  does  not  meet  the  requirements 
of  milk  sold  under  other  grades  or  desig- 
nations herein  provided  for. 

Selected  Milk:  Which  i9  milk  produced 
by  farms  holding  a permit  therefor  from 
the  board  of  health  and  handled  accord- 
ing to  the  rules  and  regulations  of  said 
board. 

Inspected  Milk:  Which  Is  milk  produced 
under  the  supervision  of  a Mi.k  Commis- 
sion appointed  by  the  Medical  Society  of 
the  County  of  New  York  or  by  the  Medical 
Society  of  the  County  of  Kings,  or  under 
certificates  for  “Inspected  Milk,"  issued 
by  said  Commission.  No  milk,  however, 
shall  be  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale  or 
sold  and  delivered  as  inspected  milk  in 
the  City  of  New  York  which  is  produced 
under  requirements  less  than  those  of 
the  said  board  for  Selected  Milk. 

Guaranteed  Milk:  Which  Is  milk  pro- 
duced by  farms  holding  a permit  there- 
for from  the  Board  of  Health  and  pro- 
duced and  handled  in  accordance  with  the 
rules  and  regulations  of  said  board. 

Certified  Milk:  Which  ig  milk  certified 
by  the  Milk  Commission  appointed  by  the 
Medical  Society  of  the  County  of  New 
York  or  the  Medical  Society  of  the  County 
of  Kings  as  being  produced  under  the 
supervision  and  in  conformity  with  the 
requirements  of  that  Commission  as  laid 
down  for  Certified  Milk.  No  milk,  how- 
ever, shall  be  held,  kept,  offered  for  sale 
or  sold  and  delivered  as  Certified  Milk  in 
the  City  of  New  York  which  is  produced 
under  requirements  less  than  those  of 
the  said  board  for  Guaranteed  Milk. 

Skimmed  Milk:  Which  is  milk  contain- 
ing less  than  three  per  cent,  butter  fat. 

Condensed  Skimmed  Milk:  Which  is 
milk  in  which  the  butter  fat  is  less  than 
twenty-five  per  cent,  of  the  total  milk 
solids. 

Condensed  or  Concentrated  Milk:  Which 
is  Bilk  from  which  any  part  of  the  water 
has  been  removed,  or  milk  from  which 
any  part  of  the  water  has  been  removed 
and  to  which  sugars  have  been  added. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall 
not  apply  to  buttermi"  or  to  milk  prod- 
ucts commonly  known  as  Kumyss.  Mat- 
zoon,  Zoolak.  dried  m lk,  or  mil;  powder, 
or  to  other  similar  preparations,  or  to 
cream  or  modified  milk. 

Sec.  56b.  No  milk  shall  be  held,  kept, 
offered  for  sale  or  sold  and  delivered  In 
The  Oit  of  New  York,  which  has  been 
subjected  to  the  action  of  heat  com- 
monly known  as  “Pasteurization"  unless 
the  receptacle  in  which  the  same  is  con- 
la  ned  is  plainly  labeled  "Pasteurized.” 
Pasteurized  milk  shall  not  be  sold  as 
such  unless  the  rules  and  regulations 
of  the  Board  of  Health  in  regard  thereto 
have  been  complied  with;  and  said  term 
' Pasteurized"  may  be  used  in  connection 
with  any  milk  designated  or  graded  as 
hereinbefore  provided  for 

See.  5fie.  No  milk  shall  be  held.  kept, 
offered  for  sale  or  sold  and  deliver- .1  in 
The  City  of  New  York  under  either  or 
any  of  ihe  designations  known  as  se- 
lecfc-d  milk,  guaranteed  milk,  skimmed 
milk,  or  condenspd  milk  without  a special 
permit  in  writing  from  the  Board  of 
Health  Hnj  subject  to  the  conditions 
thereof;  and  no  milk  shall  be  held,  kept, 
offered  lor  sale  or  sold  and  delivered  In 
.aid  city  under  any  of  the  other  grades 
cr  designations  provided  far  by  section 
59.1  of  til's  • qd«*  without  a perm.;  ;:i 
writing  fr-v*  * Board  of  Health  of  said 
city  for  a.  e of  milk,  subject  to  the 
tcnditit’jb  such  permit  and  in  ac- 
cordance «,  , the  rules  and  regulations 

of  said  Bo-.d;  and  the  said  permit,  when 
issued  lor  selected  milk,  guaranteed  ml!", 
skimmed  ntilk  or  condensed  milk,  shall 
specify  the  grade  or  designation  of  milk 
which  the  holder  of  such  permit  Is  au- 
thorized to  keep,  sell,  oi*  offer  for  sale  as 
aforesaid. 

None  of  the  provisions  hereof,  however, 
shall  anply  to  condensed  mill;  when  con- 
tained in  hermetically  sealed  cans. 

Sec.  57.  No  cream  which  Is  adulterated 
shall  be  brought  'nlo  The  City  of  New 
York  or  held,  kept,  sold  or  offered 
for  sale  in  said  city,  nor  shall  any  on* 


THE  SANITARY  CODE. 


73 


keep.  have,  sell  or  offer  for  sale  in  said 
city  any  such  cream.  The  term  “cream1' 
means  that  portion  of  milk  represented  in 
milk  fa:  which  rises  to  the  surface  of 
milk  on  standing  or  is  separated  from 
it  by  centrifugal  force.  The  term  • adulter- 
ated,” when  used  in  this  section,  refers  to 
cream  to  which  any  foreign  substance 
whatever  has  been  added,  or  which  con- 
tains less  than  15  per  cent,  of  butter  fat. 

Sec.  58.  Upon  any  cattle,  milk,  meat, 
birds,  fowl,  fish  or  vegetables  being 
found  by  any  Inspector  or  other  officer  of 
this  department  in  a condition  which  ren- 
ders them,  in  his  opinion,  unwholesome 
and  unfit  for  use  as  human  food,  or  in  a 
condition  or  of  a weight  or  quality  In 
this  code  condemned  or  forbidden,  he  is 
empowered,  authorized  and  directed  to 
Immediately  condemn  the  same  and  cause 
It  to  be  removed  to  the  offal  or  garbage 
dock  for  destruction,  and  report  his 
action  to  the  department  without  delay. 

ADd  ‘ the  owner  or  person  in  charge 
thereof,  when  so  directed  by  the  said 
inspector  or  by  an  order  of  the  sanitary 
superintendent,  or  an  assistant  sanitary 
superintendent,  shall  remove,  or  cause 
the  same  to  be  removed,  to  the  place 
designated  by  the  said  inspectors  or  the 
order  of  said  sanitary  superintendent  or 
assistant  sanitary  superintendent,  or  to 
the  ofTal  dock,  and  shall  not  sell,  or  offer 
to  sell,  or  dispose  of  the  same  for  human 
food.  And  when,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
sanitary  superintendent,  or  an  assistant 
sanitary  superintendent,  any  such  meat, 
fish,  fruits,  or  vegetables  shall  be  unfit 
for  human  food,  or  any  such  animal,  cat- 
tle. sheep,  swine,  or  fowls,  by  reason  of 
disease,  or  exposure  to  contagious  dis- 
ease, shall  oe  unfit  for  human  food,  and 
Improper  or  unfit  to  remain  near  other 
animals  or  to  be  kept  alive,  the  board 
of  health  may  direct  the  same  to  ho  de- 
stroyed, as  dangerous  to  life  and  health, 
aud  may  order  any  such  animals.  cattle, 
sheep,  swine,  or  fowls,  to  be  removed  by  j 
any  inspector,  police  officer,  officer  o-  i 
agent  of  this  department,  to  be  killed, 
and  taken  to  the  offal  dock. 

Sec.  59-  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every 
manufacturer,  Importer  or  other  person 
who  manufactures  or  Imports,  in  The  City 
of  New  York,  any  artificial  or  natural 
mineral,  spring  or  other  water  for  drink- 
ing purposes,  to  file,  under  oath,  with 
the  department  of  health,  the  name  of 
such  water  and  the  exact  location  from 
which  It  Is  obtained,  together  with  the 
chemical  and  bacteriological  analysis 
thereof,  and.  when  manufactured,  the  ex-  , 
act  formula  used  In  Its  production,  giv- 
ing qualitatively  and  quantitatively  each 
and  every  Item  entering  Into  Its  compo- 
sition. No  person  shall  manufacture  or 
bottle  mineral,  arbonated  or  table  wa- 
tors.  In  The  City  of  New  York  without  a 
permit  from  the  board  of  health. 

Sec.  60.  Every  butcher  or  milk  dealer, 
and  their  agents,  shall  allow  the  parties 
suthorlzed  by  this  department  to  freely 
and  fully  Inspect  the  cattle,  meats,  fish, 
vegetables  and  milk  held  or  kept  by  them, 
or  Intended  for  sale,  and  will  be  expected 
to  ar.swer  all  reasonable  and  proper  ques- 
tions asked  by  such  persons  relative  to 
the  condition  thereof,  and  of  the  places 
where  s-J'ii  articles  may  te. 

Wafer. 

Sec.  Cl.  No  person  shall  ilirow  rr  allow 
to  run  or  pass  Into  any  public  reservoir, 
water-pipe  or  aqueduct,  or  tnio  or  upoD 
any  border  or  margin  thereof,  or  exeava- 
tlon  or  stream  therewith  connected,  any 
animal,  vegetable,  or  mineral  substam  •- 
whatever,  nor  shall  any  person  (having 
power  or  right  to  prevent  the  same)  do 
or  permit  any  art  or  thing  that  will  Im- 
pair or  peril  the  purity  or  whol»some- 
ness  of  any  water  or  other  fluid  used  or 
designed  as  a drink.  In  any  part  of  said 
city:  nor  shall  any  person  bathe  nor  (ex- 
cept In  the  discharge  of  a public  duty) 
put  any  part  of  his  person  Into  such 
water;  nor  shall  any  unauthorized  person 
open  any  erection  or  unscrew  any  hy- 
drant holding  such  water. 

Sec.  62.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every 
persoa.  offi- er,  department,  sad  board, 


having  any  authority  and  control  in  re- 
gard to  any  water  designed  for  human ; 
consumption  (and  within  the  proper 
sphere  of  the  duty  of  each  thereof),  to 
take  all  usual  and  also  all  reasonable 
measures  and  precautions  to  secure  and 
preserve  the  purity  and  wholesomeness  of 
such  water. 

Sec.  63.  Water  from  wells  in  the  Bor- 
ough of  Manhattan  shall  not  be  used  for 
drink;  nor  shall  such  water  be  used  for 
any  purpose  In  any  tenement  or  lodging- 
house,  hotel,  manufactory  or  buildings  in 
which  persons  are  living  or  employed, 
or  in  which  there  are  offices,  or  a res- 
taurant or  saloon,  without  a permit  from 
the  board  of  health.  Water  from  wells 
in  the  other  boroughs  of  said  city,  other 
than  the  public  water  supply,  shall  not 
be  used  In  any  tenement  or  lodging-house, 
hotel,  manufactory  or  building  in  which 
persons  are  living  or  employed,  or  in 
which  there  are  offices  or  a restaurant  or 
saloon,  without  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health. 

Sec.  64.  No  person  shall  destroy  or  in 
any  wise  injure  or  impair  any  drinking 
hydrant,  or  part  thereof,  in  the  said  city; 
nor  shall  any  person  interfere  with  the 
use  or  enjoyment  of  the  • water  therein, 
or  therefrom,  or  interrupt  the  flow  there- 
of. nor  shall  any  person  put  any  dirty, 
poisonous,  medicinal,  or  noxious  sub- 
stance into  or  near  said  water  or  hydrant, 
whereby  such  water  is  made  or  may  be 
regarded  as  dangerous  or  unwholesome  as 
a drink. 

Drug:!!,  Medicine*,  Adulteration* 

and  Poisons. 

Sec.  66.  No  person  shall  make,  pre- 
pare, put  up,  administer  or  dispense  any 
prescription,  decoction,  or  medicine 
under  any  deceptive  or  fraudulent  name, 
direction  or  pretense;  nor  shall  any  in- 
gredient be  substituted  for  another  in 
any  prescription;  nor  shall  any  false  or 
deceptive  representation  be  made  by 
any  person  to  any  other,  as  to  the  kind, 
quality,  purpose,  or  effect  of  any  such 
drug,  medicine,  decoction,  drink,  or  other 
article  offered  or  intended  to  he  taken 
as  food  or  medicine. 

Sec.  66.  No  poison  shall  be  sold  at  re- 
tail by  any  person  in  The  City  of  New 
York  without  having  affixed  to  the  bottle, 
box.  parcel  or  receptacle  containing  such 
poison,  a label  bearing  the  word  "Poi- 
son” distinctly  shown,  printed  or  writ- 
ten In  red  Ink,  together  with  the  name 
and  place  of  business  of  the  seller  and 
| *he  name  of  the  poison  printed  or  written 
upon  such  bottle,  box.  parcel  or  recep- 
I tacle  In  plain  legible  characters. 

Sec.  67.  No  phenol,  commonly  knowD 
i as  carbolic  acid,  shall  be  sold  at  re- 
j tall  by  any  person  In  The  City  of  New 
i York,  except  upon  the  prescription  of  a 
physician,  when  In  a stronger  solution 
than  5 per  cent. 

Sec.  68.  No  person  shall  have,  sell  or 
1 offer  for  sale  In  The  City  of  New  York 
| any  food  which  Is  adulterated  or  mis- 
branded. The  term  food  as  herein  used 
snail  Include  every  article  of  food  and 
! every  beverage  used  by  man,  and  all 
confectionery. 

Food  os  herein  defined  shall  be  deemed 
adulterated : 

(n>  If  any  substance  or  substances  has 
or  have  been  mixed  and  packed  with  It 
so  as  to  reduce,  or  lower  or  Injuriously 
affect  Its  quality  or  strength. 

( (b)  If  any  Inferior  or  cheaper  sut>* 

i stances  have  been  substituted  wholly  or 
I In  part  for  the  article. 

(c)  If  any  valuable  conslltutent  of  the 
i article  bus  been  wholly  or  In  part  ab- 
i stracted. 

(d)  If  It  consists  wholly  nr  In  part  of 
| diseased  or  deeomposed  or  putrid  or  rot- 
| leu  animal  or  vegetable  substance,  of 

any  portion  of  any  animal  unfit  for  food, 

! whelh*  r manufactured  or  uot,  or  If  It  is 
j a product  of  a diseased  animal  or  one  that 
' has  died  otherwise  than  by  slaughter. 

(e)  If  It  Is  colored  or  coated  or  pol- 
ished or  powdered,  whereby  damnge  Is 
concealed  or  It  Is  made  to  appear  better 
than  It  really  Is, 

(f)  If  It  contains  any  added  polsonou  > 
Ingr»1lent,  or  any  lngr»dl' nt  which  rua) 


render  such  article  injurious  to  health; 
or  if  it  contains  any  antiseptic  or  pre- 
servative not  evident  and  not  known  t* 
the  purchaser  or  consumer. 

(g)  If,  in  the  case  of  confectionery.  It 
contains  terra  alba,  barytes,  talc,  chroma 
yellow,  or  other  mineral  substance  of 
poisonous  color  or  flavor,  or  other  ingre- 
dient deleterious  or  detrimental  to 
health;  or  any  vinous,  malt  or  spirltous 
liquor  or  compound  or  narcotic  drug. 

(h)  If,  in  the  case  of  spirituous,  fer- 
mented and  malt  liquors,  they  contain 
anj  substance  or  ingredient  not  normal 
or  healthful  to  exist  in  such  liquors,  or 
which  may  be  deleterious  or  detrimental 
to  health  when  such  liquors  are  used  as 
beverages. 

Food  shall  be  deemed  misbranded: 

(a)  If  it  be  an  imitation  or  offered  for 
sale  under  ihe  distinctive  name  of  an- 
other article. 

(b)  If  it.  be  labeled  or  branded  so  a* 
to  deceive  or  mislead  the  purchaser,  or 
purport  to  be  a foreign  product  when  not 
so;  or  if  the  contents  ol'  the  package  as 
originally  put  up  shall  hare  been  removed 
in  whole  or  in  part  and  other  contents 
shall  have  been  placed  in  such  package; 
or  if  it  fails  to  bear  a statement  on  ths 
label  of  the  quantity  or  proportion  of 
any  morphine,  opium,  cocaine,  heroin, 
chloroform,  cannabis  indica,  chloral  hy- 
drate or  acetanilid  or  any  derivative  or 
preparat'on  of  any  such  substances  con- 
tained therein. 

(c)  If  in  package  form  and  the  contents 
are  stated  in  terms  of  weight  or  meas- 
ure, they  are  not  plainly  and  correctly 
stated  on  the  outside  of  the  package. 

(d)  If  the  package  or  Its  label  shall 
bear  any  statement,  design  or  device  re- 
garding the  Ingredients  or  the  substances 
contained  therein,  which  statement,  de- 
sign or  device  shall  be  false  or  mislead- 
ing in  any  particular;  provided,  that  an 
article  of  food  which  does  not  contain  any 
added  poisonous  or  deleterious  ingredi- 
ents shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  adulterat- 
ed or  misbranded  In  the  following  oases: 

First — In  the  case  of  mixtures  or  com- 
pounds which  may  be  now  or  from  time  to 
time  hereafter  known  as  articles  of  food, 
under  their  own  distinctive  names,  and 
not  an  imitation  ot  or  offered  for  sal* 
under  the  distinctive  name  of  another 
article,  if  the  name  be  accompanied  on 
the  same  label  or  brand  with  a statement 
of  the  place  where  said  article  has  beta 
manufactured  or  produced. 

Second — In  the  case  of  articles  labeled, 
branded  or  tagged,  so  as  to  plainly  Indi- 
cate that  they  are  compounds,  Imitations 
or  blends,  and  the  word  "compound. “ 
•Imitation”  or  "blend,”  as  the  cuse  may 
be,  is  plainly  stated  on  the  package  lu 
which  It  is  offered  for  sale;  provided, 
that  the  term  blend  as  herein  used  shall 
be  construed  to  mean  a mixture  of  like 
substances,  not  excluding  harmless  color- 
ing or  flavoring  Ingredients  used  for  the 
purpose  of  coloring  and  flavoring  only: 
and  provided  further  that  nothing  In  this 
section  shall  be  construed  as  requiring 
or  compelling  proprietors  or  manufac- 
turers of  proprietary  foods  which  contain 
no  unwholesome  added  Ingredient  to  dis- 
close their  trade  formulas,  except  In  so 
far  as  IJ>j»  provisions  of  this  section  may 
require  to  secure  freedom  from  adultera- 
tion or  misbranding. 

Sec.  69.  No  person  shall  manufacture 
or  produce  or  Have,  sell  or  offer  for  sale 
lu  The  City  of  Now  York  any  drug  which 
Is  adulterated  or  misbranded.  The  term 
drug  us  herein  used  shall  Include  all 
medicines  for  external  or  Internal  use,  or 
both.  Drugs  as  herein  defined  shall  b« 
deemed  adulterated: 

(a)  If,  when  sold  by  or  under  a name 
recognized  In  the  United  States  Pharma- 
copoeia nr  National  formulary,  It  differs 
from  the  standard  of  strength,  quality  or 
purity  os  determined  by  the  test  laid 
down  In  the  United  States  Pharmacopeia 
or  National  formulary  official  at  the  time 
of  investigation;  provided,  that  no  drug 
defined  In  the  United  States  Pharmaco- 
poeia or  National  formulary  shall  b* 
deemed  to  be  adulteruled  under  this  pro- 
I vision  If  the  stnndard  of  strength,  quality 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


74 


or  purity  be  plainly  stated  upon  the  bot- 
tle?, box  or  other  container  thereof,  al- 
ltough the  standard  may  differ  from  that 
determined  by  the  test  laid  down^  in  the 
United  States  Pharmacopoeia  or  National 
formulary. 

(b)  If  its  strength  or  purity  falls  be- 
low the  professed  standard  under  which 
it  is  sold. 

A drug  shall  bo  deemed  misbranded: 

(a)  If  it  be  an  imitation  or  offered  for 
sale  under  the  distinctive  name  of  an- 
other article. 

(b)  It  the  contents  of  the  package  as 
originally  put  up  shall  have  been  re- 
moved, in  whole  or  in  part,  and  other 
contents  shall  have  been  placed  in  such 
package,  or  if  the  package  fails  to  bear  a 
statement  on  the  label  of  the  Quantity  oi 
proportion  of  any  alcohol,  morphine, 
opium,  cocaine,  heroin,  chloroform,  can- 
nabis indica,  chloral  hydrate  or  acetanl- 
lid  or  any  derivative  or  preparation  of 
;,ny  such  substances  contained  therein. 

Cattle,  Horses,  Ete. 

Sec.  70.  No  cattle,  swine  or  sheep  shall 
he  driven  through  any  public  street  or 
avenue  in  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn  with- 
out a permit  from  the  Board  of  Health 
in  writing,  and  subject  to  the  conditions 
thereof. 

Sec.  71.  No  cattle  shall  be  kept  in  any 
place  where  the  ventilation  is  not  ade- 
quate and  the  water  and  food  are  not 
of  such  quality  and  In  such  condition  as 
to  preserve  their  health,  safe  condition, 
and  wholesomeness  for  food. 

Sec.  72.  No  cows  shall  bo  kept  in  The 
City  of  New  York  without  a permit  from 
ihe  board  of  health.  Every  stable  and 
place  where  any  cows,  horses,  or  ether 
animals  may  he,  shall  be  kept  at  all  times 
in  a cleanly  and  wholesome  condition,  and 
properly  ventilated,  and  no  person  shall 
allow  any  animal  to  be  therein  which  is 
infected  with  any  contagious  or  pestilen- 
tial disease.  , , 

Sec.  73.  No  horses  shall  be  yarded  and 
no  cattle,  swine,  or  sheep,  geese  or  goats, 
shall  be  kept,  or  yarded  within  or  adja- 
cent to  the  built-up  portions  of  The  City 
of  New  York,  without  a permit  from  the 
board  of  health. 

Sec.  .74.  No  cattle,  with  or  without  their 
young  calves,  shall  be  led  though  or  along 
any  of  the  streets  of  The  City  of  New 
York  without  a permit  from  the  board  of 
health,  and  in  strict  accordance  with  the 
routes,  hours,  and  conditions  prescribed 
thereby;  and  no  person  shall  lead,  at- 
tempt to  lead,  or  cause  to  be  led,  any 
cattle  otherwise  than  singly,  one  person 
with  each,  nor  upon  any  sidewalks;  pro- 
vided, however,  that  sheep  may  be  driven 
on  routes  prescribed  for  them,  pursuant 
io  the  terms  and  conditions  of  the  per- 
mits issued  by  the  board  of  health. 

See.  76.  No  cattle,  sheep,  swine  or 
calves  shall  be  driven  in  the  streets  or 
avenues  of  the  Borough  of  Manhattan 
without  a permit  from  the  department  of 
health,  except  in  those  cases  where  the 
said  cattle,  sheep,  swine  or  calves  shall 
be  landed  at  the  foot  of  the  street  lead- 
ing to  the  slaughter  house  to  which  they 
shall  be  destined,  and  where  the  streets 
shall  be  effectively  barred  or  closed,  so 
cx  to  prevent  the  escape  of  such  cattle, 
etc.,  during  the  transfer  from  the  dock  to 
ihe’ slaughter  house.  No  cattle,  sheep, 
swine  or  calves  shall  be  landed  in  the 
Borough  of  Manhattan  except  in  accord- 
ance with  the  provisions  and  restrictions 
>f  this  ordinance. 

No  cattle,  calves,  swine  or  sheep  shall 
be  driven  iii  the  boroughs  of  The  Bronx, 
Queens  or  Richmond  except  in  such 
streets  or  avenues  or  roads  as  shall  be 
set  apart  and  designated  by  the  board  of 
health. 

Sec.  7C.  No  collar  In  The  City  of  New 
York  shall  be  occupied  as  a static  for 
horses,  cattle  or  other  animals,  without 
u permit  from  the  board  of  health. 

Sec.  77.  No  cattle  shall  he  placed  or  car- 
ried, while  bound  or  tied  by  their  legs, 
or  bound  down  by  their  necks,  In  any 
vehicle  in  said  city,  but  shall  be  allowed 


freely  to  stand  la  »uch  vehicle  when 
transported,  and  while  being  therein. 

Sec.  78.  No  person  shall  take  or  drive 
or  allow  to  go  or  be  taken  (having  tbe 
right  and  ability  to  prevent  the  same) 
auy  horse  or  other  animal,  or  any  vehicle, 
upon  any  sidewalk  or  foot-path  in  front 
of  any  building,  to  the  peril  of  any  per- 
son; nor  shall  any  person  block  up  or 
obstruct  any  street  or  place,  or  contribute 
thereto. 

Fowls  and  Entail  Animals. 

Sec.  79.  No  live  chickens,  geese,  ducks 
or  other  fowls,  shall  be  brought  into  or 
kept  or  held,  or  offered  for  sale,  or  killed, 
in  any  yard,  area,  cellar,  coop,  building, 
premises,  or  part  thereof  or  in  any  pub- 
lic market  or  on  any  sidewalk,  except 
upon  premises  used  for  farming  in  unim- 
proved sections  of  the  city,  without  a 
permit  from  the  board  of  health  and 
subject  to  the  conditions  thereof,  and  ob- 
tained in  accordance  with  the  rules  and 
regulations  adopted  by  the  Board  of 
Health. 

See,  SO.  No  person  shall  sell  or  keep 
for  sale  at  any  place  in  The  City  of  New 
York  any  dogs,  cats,  birds  or  other  small 
animals,  without  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health. 

Sec.  81.  No  live  pigeons  shall  be  kept, 
wit'. in  the  buik  up  portion  of  The  City 
of  New  York  without  a permit  from  the 
board  of  health  and  subject  to  the  con- 
ditions thereof. 


above  the  floor  with  some  non-absorbent 

material. 

The  yards,  other  than  where  cattle  are 
kept,  must  be  cemented  or  paved  so  as 
not  to  absorb  liquid  filth,  and  be  so 
graded  as  to  permit  the  same  to  flow 
into  the  sewer  opening. 

All  woodwork  except  floors  and  coun- 
ters must  be  painted  or  whitewashed. 

Blood  from  slaughtered  animals  must 
not  bo  allowed  to  flow  Into  the  sewer  or 
river,  but  while  still  fresh  must  be 
treated  so  as  not  to  become  offensive.  All 
offensive  odors  arising  from  the  handling 
of  meat  and  treating  of  and  caring  for 
offai,  blood  or  any  other  material  stored 
or  manufactured,  must  be  cared  for  by 
destruction  or  condensation,  and  not  al- 
lowed to  escape  into  the  outside  air. 

Sec.  86.  No  horses  shall  be  slaughtered 
in  The  City  of  New  York  without  a per- 
mit from  the  board  of  health. 

The  bringing  into  The  City  of  New  York 
and  the  keeping  or  selling  of  horse  flesh 
i for  food,  and  the  slaughtering  of  horses 
for  food  in  said  city  are  prohibited. 

Sec.  87.  No  offal  or  butcher’s  refuse 
shall  be  conveyed  through  any  street  or 
| avenue  or  over  any  ferry  in  The  City  ot 
j New  York  without  a permit  from  the 
! board  of  health,  and  when  so  conveyed 
must  be  in  tight  boxes,  barrels  or  recep- 
tacles. and  tightly  covered  so  that  no  odor 
shall  escape  therefrom. 

No  offal  or  butcher’s  refuse  shall  b» 
brought  into  The  City  of  New  York. 


Slangbtering  and  Slauscliter-ITouses. 

Sec.  82.  No  person  shall  kill  or  dress 
any  animal  or  meat  in  any  market,  and 
the  keeping  and  slaughtering  of  all  cattle, 
and  the  preparation  and  keeping  of  ail 
meat  and  fish,  birds  and  fowl,  shall  be 
in  that  manner  which  is,  or  is  generally 
reputed  or  known  to  be,  best  adapted  to 
secure  and  continue  their  safety  and 
wholesomeuess  as  food. 

Sec.  83.  The  business  of  slaughtering 
cattle,  sheep,  swine,  pigs  or  calves  shall 
not  be  conducted  in  The  City  of  New 
York  without,  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health.  Nor  shall  such  business  be 
conducted  unless  the  same  shall  be  in 
buildings  located  on  or  near  the  water 
front,  and  all  buildings  shall  be  con- 
structed so  as  to  receive  all  stock  deliv- 
erable thereat  from  boats,  cars,  or  trans- 
ports, and  to  secure  the  proper  care  and 
disposition  of  all  parts  of  the  slaughtered 
animals  upon  tbe  premises,  or  tbe  imme- 
diate removal  thereof  by  means  of  boats 
It  shall  not  be  unlawful,  however,  to 
slaughter  cattle,  sheep,  swine,  pigs  -or 
calves  in  the  Borough  of  Brooklyn,  at 
such  places  where  such  business  was  es- 
tablished and  carried  on  on  January  3, 
1898. 

Sec.  84.  The  business  of  slaughtering 
cattle,  sheep,  swine,  pigs  or  calves  in  the 
borough  of  Manhattan  shall  be  conducted 
on  the  west  side  of  the  borough  between 
the  north  of  the  middle  line  of  the  block 
between  West.  Thirty-eighth  and  West 
Thirty-ninth  streets  and  the  south  side 
of  West  Forty-first  street.  Eleventh  ave- 
nue and  North  River,  inclusive;  and  the 
slaughtering  of  cattle,  sheep  or  calves  on 
the  east  side  of  the  borough  shall  be  be- 
tween the  north  of  the  middle  line  of  the 
block  between  East  Forty-second  and 
East  Forty-third  streets  and  the  south 
side  of  East  Forty-seventh  street.  First 
avenue  and  East  River,  inclusive. 

Sec.  85.  No  building  shall  be  erected  or 
converted  into,  of  used  as  a slaughter- 
house in  The  City  of  New  York  uutil  the 
plans  thereof  have  been  duly  submitted 
io  the  board  of  health  and  approved  in 
writing  by  said  board;  and  no  building 
occupied  as  a slaughter-house  or  any  part 
thereof,  or  any  building  on  the  same  lot, 
shall  be  occupied  at  any  time  as  a dwell- 
ing or  lodging  place;  and  every  such 
building  shall  at  all  times  be  kept  ade- 
quately and  thoroughly  ventilated. 

All  floors  where  any  meat,  refuse,  offal, 
fertilizer  or  any  other  materials,  derived 
directly  or  Indirectly  from  slaughtering 
of  animals,  are  treated  or  handled  must 
be  made  water  tight,  properly  drained  and 
sewer-connected,  and  the  walls  of  the 
lulling,  meat  dressing  and  cooling  rooms 
must  be  covered  to  tho  lie'gbt  of  six  foot 


Offensive  Trade*. 

Sec.  88.  No  person  shall  permit  or  have 
any  offensive  water  or  other  liquid  or  sub- 
stance on  his  premises  or  grounds,  to  the 
prejudice  of  life  or  health,  whether  for 
use  in  any  trade  or  otherwise;  and  no  es- 
tablishment or  place  of  business  for  tan- 
ning, skinning,  or  scouring,  or  for  dress- 
ing hides  or  leather,  or  for  carrying  on 
any  offensive  or  noisome  trado  or  busi- 
ness, shall  hereafter  be  opened,  started, 
established  or  maintained  in  The  City  of 
New  York,  without  a permit  from  the 
board  of  health.  And  every  such  estab- 
lishment now  existing  shall  be  kept 
cleanly  and  wholesome,  and  be  so  con- 
ducted in  every  particular  as  not  to  be 
offensive,  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health. 

See.  89.  No  person  or  corporation  being 
a manufacturer  of  gas.  or  engaged  about 
the  manufacture  thereof,  shall  throw  or 
deposit  or  allow  to  run,  or  shall  permit 
to  be  thrown  or  deposited  in  any  public 
waters,  river  or  stream,  or  In  any  sewer 
therewith  connected,  or  in  any  street,  or 
public  place,  any  gas,  tar,  or  any  refuse 
matter  of  or  from  any  gas-house  works, 
manufactory,  mains  or  service  pipes;  or 
permit  the  escape  of  any  offensive  odors 
from  iheir  works,  mains,  or  pipes;  nor 
shall  any  such  person  or  corporation 
permit  to  escape  from  their  works, 
mains  or  pipes  any  gas  dangerous 
or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health,  or 
manufacture  illuminating  gas  of  such 
Ingredients  and  quality  that  in  tns 
process  of  burning  it,  any  substauce 
which  may  escape  therefrom  shall  be 
dangerous  or  prejudicial  to  life  or  health; 
or  fall  to  uso  the  most  approved  or  al* 
reasonable  means  for  preventing  the  es- 
cape of  odors. 

No  buildings  shall  be  erected  or  con- 
verted into,  or  used  as  a place  for  the 
manufacture  of  illuminating  ges.  until 
the  plans  of  such  buildings  and  tbe  loca- 
tion thereof  have  been  duly  approved  in 
writing  by  the  board  of  health. 

Sec.  90.  It  shall  not  bo  lawful  for  any 
person  or  persons,  incorporated  or  unin- 
corporated, to  carry  on,  establish,  prose- 
cute. or  continue,  within  the  borough  of 
Manhattan,  the  occupation,  or  trade,  or 
business  of  bone  boiling,  bone  burn- 
ing. bone  grinding.  horse  skinning, 
cow  skinning,  or  skinning  of  dead 
animals,  or  the  boiling  of  offal: 
ami  any  such  establishment  or  establish- 
ments, or  place  of  such  business  exlstlug 
within  said  borough,  shall  be  forthwith 
removed  out  of  6ald  borough,  and  such 
trade,  occupation,  or  business  shall  be 
forthwith  abated  and  discontinued,  pro- 
viding that  nothing  in  this  section  con- 
tained shall  prr'y  Ha"gMerins  or 


THE  SANITARY  CODE. 


75 


dressing  of  auimals  for  sale  in  said  city. 

Sec.  91.  The  business  of  bone  crushing, 
bone  boiling,  bone  grinding,  bone  or  shell 
burnlhg.  lime  making,  horse  skinning,  cow 
skinning,  glue  making  from  any  part  of 
dead  animals,  gut  cleaning,  hide  curing, 
fat  rendering,  boiling  of  fish,  swill  or 
offal,  heating,  drying,  storing  of  blood, 
scrap,  fat,  grease  or  offensive  animal  or 
vegetable  matter,' or  manufacturing  mate- 
rials for  manure  or  fertiliser,  shall  not 
he  carried  on  or  continued  within  tho 
boroughs  of  Brooklyn,  The  Bronx.  Queens 
.,r  Richmond  without  a permit  from  the 
board  of  health. 

Xor  shall  any  buildings  be  erected  or 
converted  or  used  for  the  carrying  on  of 
.» ny  business  above  mentioned  until  the 
plans  thereof  have  been  duly  submitted 

0 the  board  of  health  and  appreved  in 
writing  by  said  board. 

Sec.  92.  No  occupation  or  business  that 
is  dangerous  or  detrimental  to  life  or 
health  shall  be  established  or  carried  on 
n The  City  of  New  York. 

Sec.  93.  All  persons  engaged  in  the 
business  of  boiling  or  rendering  fat,  lard 
or  animal  matter,  shall  cause  the  scrap 
or  residuum  to  bo  dried  or  otherwise  pre- 
pared so  as  to  effectually  deprive  such 
material  of  all  offensive  odors,  and  to 
preserve  the  same  entirely  inoffensive, 
immediately  after  the  removal  thereof 
from  the  receptacles  in  which  'bo  render- 
,ng  process, may  be  conducted. 

Sec.  94.  No  person  shall  hereafter  erect 
or  establish  in  said  city  any  manufac- 
tory or  place  of  business  for  boiling  any 
varnish  or  oil.  or  for  the  distilling  of  any 
ardent  or  alcoholic  spirits,  or  for  making 
any  lampblack,  turpentine,  or  tar,  or  for 
the  treating  and  refining  of  ores,  metals 
or  alloys  ot  metals,  with  acids  or  heat, 
or  for  conducting  any  other  business  that 
will  or  does  generate  any  offensive  or 
deleterious  gas,  vapor,  deposit  or  exha- 
la;  Ion  without  a permit  from  the  board  of 
,.irh, 

Sec.  95.  No  fat,  tallow  or  lard  shall  ho 
melted  or  rendered,  except  when  fresh 
from  the  slaughtered  animal,  and  taken 
directly  from  the  places  of  slaughter  in 
The  City  of  New  York,  and  in  a condition 
free  from  sourness  and  taint  and  all  other 
auses  of  offense  at  the  nmo  of  rende,- 
ing,  and  all  melting  and  rendering  must 
l»e  in  ateam-t'gbt  vessels,  and  the  g tao‘> 
and  odors  therefrom  must  be  destioyed 
by  combustion  or  oiher  means  equally  ef- 
fective, and  according  to  the  b'*t  and 
most  Improved  means  and  processes;  and 
everything  preceding,  following,  and  in 

1 onnectlon  with  such  melting  and  ren- 
dering. and  the  premises  where  the  sumo 
shall  be  conducted,  must  be  freo  from  nil 
offensive  odor,  and  other  cause  of  detri- 
ment to  the  public  health.  Nj  fu,  laid 
or  tallow  shall  be  brought  into  The  (‘ity 
of  New  York  to  be  rendered  or  melted, 
and  none  shall  be  rendered  or  melted 
i hat  has  come  from  auy  place  outside  of 
'he  City  of  New  York.  The  business  of 
melting  or  rendering  fat,  tallow  or  laid 
shall  not  be  carried  on  or  conducted  in 
i he  City  of  New  York  without  a permit 
from  the  oBard  of  Health. 

Sec.  9fi.  The  owners,  lessees,  tenants, 
occupants  and  managers  of  every  build- 
ing, vessel,  or  place  in  or  upon  which  a 
locomotive  or  stationary  engine,  furnace 
or  boilers  are  used,  snail  cause  all  ashes, 
cinders,  rubbish,  dirt  and  refuse  to  be  re- 
moved to  some  proper  place,  so  that  the 
same  shall  not  accumulate;  nor  shall  any 
person  cause,  sufTer  or  allow  cin- 
ders. dust,  gas,  steam  or  offensive  or 
noisome  odors  to  escape  or  be  discharged 
from  any  such  building,  vessel  or  place 
io  the  detriment  or  annoyance  of  any 
person  or  persons  not  being  therein  or 
thereupon  engaged. 

Sec.  87.  Every  owner,  lessee,  tenant,  and 
occupant  of  any  stall,  stable,  or  apart- 
ment In  the  built-up  portions  of  Tbe  City 
of  New  Y.  It.  In  which  any  horse,  cattle, 
nr  other  animal  shall  bo  kept,  or  of  any 
place  In  which  manure,  stable  refuse,  or 
auy  liquid  discharge  of  such  animals  »hall 
collect  or  accumulate  shall  cause  such 
manure,  stable  refuse,  or  liquid  to  be 
promptly  and  properly  removed  there- 


from, and  shall  at  all  times  keep  or  cause 
to  be  kept  such  stalls,  stables  or  apart- 
ments, and  the  drains,  yards,  and  appur- 
tenances thereof,  in  a clean  and  sanitary 
condition,  so  that  no  offensive  odors  shall 
be  allowed  to  escape  therefrom.  Every 
such  stable,  and  the  yards  and  appur- 
tenances thereof,  shall  be  connected  with 
the  sewer  of  the  street  in  front  thereof. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  such  owner, 
lessee,  tenant  or  occupant  to  cause  all  ma- 
nureandstable  refuse  to  be  removed  daily 
from  such  stable  or  stable  premises,  unless 
the  same  arc  pressed  in  bales,  barrels  or 
boxes,  as  hereinafter  provided.  It  shall 
not  be  lawful  to  remove  manure  and  sta- 
ble refuse  in  carts  or  v.-aaons.  or  to  cart 
the  same  within  the  city  without  a per- 
mit from  the  board  of  health,  and  such 
carts  and  wagons  shall  be  of  a construc- 
tion approved  by  said  board,  and  every 
such  cart  or  wagon  must  have  a permit 
trom  the  board,  and  be  used  in  accord- 
ance with  the  terms  of  such  permit  and 
not  otherwise.  Manure  carta  and  wagons 
shall  be  loaded  within  the  stable  prem- 
ises and  not  upon  the  street  or  sidewalk, 
and  the  manure  and  stable  refuse  shall 
be  removed  from  such  premises  in  a man- 
ner not  in  any  way  offensive  or  so  as  to 
cause  any  nuisance.  All  manure  and  sta- 
ble refuse,  when  transported  through  the 
streets,  must  be  covered  and  secured  so 
that  no  part  of  tbe  same  will  fall  upon 
the  street,  and  so  as  to  prevent  the  es- 
cape of  offensive  odors,  and  the  same 
shall  not  bo  unloaded  or  deposited  within 
the  city  limits,  except  upon  the  condi- 
tions of  a permit  from  the  board  of 
health,  aud  at  3uch  docks  and  places  as 
shall  be  approved  by  the  board,  and  to 
which  a permit  in  writing  for  such  use 
shall  'nave  previously  been  granted  by 
sa.d  board.  No  manure  or  stable  refuse 
shall  be  thrown  upon  or  allowed  to  fall 
or  remain  upon  any  street  or  sidewalk  or 
upon  any  ground  near  any  stable.  No 
manure  vault  shall  be  built,  or  used  on 
any  premises  within  the  built-up  portions 
of  The  City  of  New  York. 

Every  owner,  lessee,  tenant  and  occu- 
pant of  any  stall,  stable  or  apartment,  in 
the  built-up  portions  of  The  City  of  New 
York,  in  which  any  horse,  cattle  or  other 
animals  shall  be  kept,  and  from  which 
the  manure  and  stabl<>  refuse  are  not  re- 
moved daily  as  hereinbefore  provided, 
sh<\ll  causo  the  same  to  be  pressed  in 
bales,  barrels  or  boxes,  at  least  once  in 
each  day,  aud  so  pressed  as  to  reduce  the 
same  to  not  more  than  one-tliinl  of  the 
original  bulk.  Manure  and  stable  refuse 
pressed  in  bales,  barrels  or  boxes,  shall 
bo  removed  to  such  docks  or  places  as 
shall  be  approved  by  the  board  of  health, 
an  I > wli  i i rmit  for  such  use  shall 
have  previously  been  granted  by  said 
board,  and  such  bales,  barrels  and  boxes 
shall  not  be  opened  until  delivered  at  such 
docks  or  places.  

Offensive  Materials. 

Sec.  98.  No  person  shall  fill  in  any  land 
under  or  above  water  within  Ihe  limits 
of  Ti.c  City  r,f  New  York,  or  any  of  tbe 
Island  ; situated  within  such  limits,  with 
dead  animals,  decaying  matter 
or  any  oft’  naive  and  unwholesome  ma- 
terial, or  with  dirt,  ashes  or  other  refuse, 
when  mixed  with  such  garbage,  dead  ani- 
mals or  portions  thereof,  decaying  matter, 
or  offensive  and  unwholesome  material. 

No  street  sweepings  shall  bo  deposited 
or  used  to  fill  up  or  raise  the  surfuco  or 
level  of  any  lot,  grounds,  dock,  wharf,  or 
pier  lii  or  adjacent  to  tho  built-up  por- 
tions of  Tho  city  of  Nov/  York  without 
a permit  from  fho  board  of  health. 

Sec.  99.  No  ground  or  material  filled 
with  offensive  matter  or  BUbstamo.  or 
that  •will  omit  or  nllow  to  arise  through 
or  from  the  s.im«,  any  offensive  anv  il  or 
deleterious  exhalation,  shall  (adjacent  in 
or  within  the  built-up  portlou  of  said 
city)  be  opened  or  turned  up  or  the  sur- 
face thereof  removed,  between  the  first 
day  of  May  and  the  first  day  of  October 
of  any  year,  except  according  to  a permit, 
first  obtained  therefor  from  tho  board  of 
health. 

« joe.  xt)o  No  part  of  tbd  confouti  of  pr 


substances  from  any  sink,  privy,  ov  cess- 
pool, nor  any  manure,  or  other  offensive 
substance  shall  be  by  any  person  deposit- 
ed ov  allowed  to  run  or  drop  into  or  remain 
in  any  street  or  public  place;  nor  shall 
the  same  be  thrown  or  allowed  to  fall  or 
run  into  any  river  or  other  body  of  water, 
save  through  the  proper  underground 
sewers. 

See.  101.  No  person  shall  gather,  collect, 
accumulate,  store,  expose,  carry  or  trans- 
port in  any  manner  through  the  streets 
and  public  places  of  this  city,  or  in  or 
to  any  cellar,  or  house  in  said  city,  any 
bones,  refuse,  or  offensive  material  with- 
out a permit  from  the  board  of  health. 

Sec.  102.  No  swill,  brine,  urine  of  ani- 
mals, or  other  offensive  animal  matter, 
nor  any  stinking,  noxious  liquid,  or  other 
filthy  matter  of  any  kind,  shall  by  any 
person  be  allowed  to  run  or  fall  into  or 
upon  any  street  or  public  place,  or  b» 
taken  or  put  therein. 

Sec.  102.  No  blood,  butchers  offal  or 
garbage,  nor  any  dead  animals,  nor  any 
putrid  or  stinking  auimai  or  vegetable 
matter,  shall  be  thrown  by  any  person 
or  allowed  to  go  into  any  street,  place, 
sewer  or  receiving  basin,  or  into  any 
river  or  standing  or  running  water  or 
excavation  or  into  any  ground  or  prem- 
ises in  the  built-up  portions  of  the  city. 

Sec.  104.  No  person  shall  draw  off,  or 
allow-  to  run  off  into  any  ground,  street 
or  place  of  said  city,  the  contents  (ov 
any  part,  thereof)  of  any  vault,  privy, 
cistern,  cesspool,  or  sink;  nor  shall  auy 
owner,  tenant,  or  occupant  of  any 
building  to  which  any  vault,  sink,  privy, 
or  cesspool  shall  appertain,  or  bs  at- 
tached, permit  the  contents  of  any  .part 
thereof,  to  flow  therefrom,  or  to  rise 
within  two  feet  of  any  part  of  the  top, 
or  permit  said  contents  to  become  offen- 
sive; nor  shall  any  vault,  privy,  cistern, 
cesspool  or  sink  be  filled  or  covered  with 
dirt  until  it  has  been  emptied  of  Us  ftltbv 
contents. 

Sec.  103.  No  person  shall  throw  into 
or  deposit  in  any  vault,  sink,  privy,  or 
cesspool,  any  offal,  ashes,  meat,  fish,  gar- 
bage, ov  other  substance  except  that  of 
which  any  such  place  is  the  appropriate 
teceptacle. 

Sec.  106  Every  tub  or  other  receptacle 
in  any  sink  or  privy  (or  placed,  or  allowed 
to  stand  therein  by  any  owner,  tenant 
or  occupant  of  any  building  or  premises), 
and  used  to  contain  any  liquid  or  par- 
tially liquid  substance,  shall  be  sufficient- 
ly strong,  perfectly  tight,  and  adequately 
provided  with  a strong  cover  anil  with 
hoops  and  handles;  shall  not  be  allowed 
to  be  filled  to  within  four  inches  of  any 
part,  of  tho  top,  and  shall  not  be  allowed 
(or  its  contents)  to  bo  offensive.  And  the 
provisions  of  this  code  relative  to  emp- 
tying cesspools,  and  to  throwing  any  sub- 
stance therein,  shall  apply  to  said  tube 
aud  receptacles  as  if  here  repeated  aud 
applied  thereto. 

And  no  person  shall  throw,  drop  or  al- 
low to  fall  Into  tho  North  or  East  ltlver. 
or  into  any  street  or  place,  any  substance 
being,  or  having  been  part  of  the  con- 
tents ot  any  such  vault,  cesspool,  privy, 
sink,  tub  or  receptacle,  or  any  offal. 

See.  107.  Neither  the  contents  of  any 
sueh  tub,  or  of  any  receptacle,  cesspool, 
privy,  vault,  sink,  water-closet  or  cis- 
tern, nor  anything  In  any  room,  excava- 
tion, vai,  building,  premises  or  place, 
shall  bu  allowed  to  become  a nuisance, 
or  offensive,  so  ns  to  be  dangerous  or 
prejudicial  to  life  or  health. 

Sec.  108.  It  shall  bo  tho  duty  of  every 
owner,  tenant,  lessee,  occupant  or  person 
In  charge  of  auy  and  every  building,  or 
place  of  business  In  tho  generally  built  - 
up  portions  of  Tho  City  of  New  York, 
forthwith  to  provide  or  cause  to  bo  pro- 
vided, and  at  nil  times  thereafter  to  keep 
and  cause  to  be  kepi  and  provided,  with- 
in such  building  or  place  of  business,  and 
for  tho  exclusive  use  of  such  building  or 
place  of  business,  aeparuto  receptacles 
for  receiving  mid  holding,  without  leak 
age,  all  tin-  ashes,  garbage  and  liquid 
substances  that  may  ncnirnnlale  during 
thirty-  lx  hours  from  snld  building  or 
pis  ; hv«|pr»e  ov  (Ijo  portion  !b*r*0f 


76 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


of  which  such  person  may  be  the  own<r, 
tenant,  lessee,  occupant  or  in  charge,  and 
every  such  receptacle  designed  and  used 
to  hold  ashes  shall  be  made  of  or  lined 
with  some  suitable  metal. 

And  It  shall  De  the  duty  of  every  own- 
er, lessee  or  agent  of  any  such  building 
or  place  of  business  to  cause  to  be  sep- 
arated and  put  in.,  their  respective  re- 
ceptacles all  such  materials  and  sub- 
stances and  such  receptacles  shall  not 
be  filled  to  within  four  inches  of  the  top 
thereof. 

And  such  receptacles,  as  well  as  any 
light  refuse  or  rubbish  to  be  removed,  ] 
shall  be  kept  within  the  premises  until 
the  proper  time  for  removal,  and  shall 
then  be  placed  in  the  area,  or  within  the 
stoop-line  fence,  or  other  enclosure,  in 
front  of  any  building  and  not  upon  the 
sidewalk,  and  shall  there  remain 
until  such  materials  or  substances  are 
removed'  by  the  department,  of  street 
cleaning,  but  in  no  case  shall  such  recep- 
tacles be  placed  where  they  shall  be  or 
become  a nuisance. 

All  light  refuse  or  rubbish,  likely  to  be 
scattered  or  blown  about,  shall,  before 
being  placed  ouiside  of  any  building  or 
premises  for  removal,  be  properly  bun- 
dled, packed  or  otherwise  secured. 

An  receptacle  containing  garbage  or 
liquid  substances  which  shall  be  placed 
outside  of  a building  in  the  area  or  with- 
in the  stoop-line  fence  or  other  enclos- 
ure shall  be  covered  and  kept  covered  un- 
til such  removal  as  aforesaid. 

Sec.  109.  No  person,  not  for  that  pur- 
pose authorized,  shall  interfere  with  the 
receptacles  for  ashes,  garbage  or  liquid  ; 
substances,  as  provided  in  accordance  i 
with  section  108  of  the  sanitary  code,  or  j 
with  the  contents  thereof;  nor  shall  any 
person  in  any  way  handle  or  disturb  - 
such  contents. 

Sec.  110.  All  occupants  so  preferring 
may  deliver  their  ashes,  garbage  and  rub- 
bish directly  to  the  proper  carts,  to  be 
taken  away  at  any  hour  of  the  Jay  wnen 
said  carts  may  be  present;  and  said 
carts  may  take  such  articles  from  re- 
ceptacles delivered  at  any  such  hour; 
provided  that  such  garbage  or  .-uobish  be 
not  highly  f'.thy  or  offensive;  and  in  the 
latter  case,  the  same  shall  not  be  so  de- 
livered or  received  during  the  period 
from  seven  o’clock  A.M.  of  any  day  till 
ten  o’clock  of  the  evening  of  the  same 
day. 

Sec.  111.  No  pile  or  deposit  of  manure, 
offal,  dirt  or  garbage,  or  any  accumula- 
tion of  any  offensive  or  nauseous  sub- 
stance, shall  be  made  within  the  built- 
up  portions  of  The  City  of  New  lork.  ot 
upon  the  piers,  docks  or  bulkheads  ad- 
jacent thereto,  or  upon  any  vessel  or 
scow  lying  at  such  pier,  wharf  or  bulk- 
head; nor  shall  such  deposit  or  accumu- 
lations be  made  anywhere  in  this  city 
■within  three  hundred  feet  of  any  church 
or  place  of  worship,  or  inhabited  dwell- 
ing, without  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health;  and  no  person  shall  con- 
tribute to  the  making  of  any  such  ac- 
cumulations; nor  shall  cars  or  floats 
loaded  with  or  having  in  or  upon  them 
any  such  substance  or  substances  be  al- 
lowed to  remain  or  stand  on  or  along 
anv  railroad,  street  or  highway  within 
300  feet  of  any  inhabited  dwelling,  nor 
elsewhere  in  said  city  without  a permit 
from  the  board  of  health;  and  no  ma- 
nure, garbage  or  other  material  that  is 
liable  to  emit  an  offensive  exhalation, 
shall,  in  or  adjacent  to  the  built-up  por- 
tions of  The  City  of  New  York,  be  turned 
or  stirred,  except  about  its  removal,  in 
such  a way  as  to  increase  such  exhala- 
tions by  reason  thereof;  nor  shall  any 
straw',  hay  or  other  substance  which  has 
been  used  as  bedding  for  animals,  be 
placed  or  dried  upon  any  street,  or  side- 
walk, or  roof  of  any  building:  nor  shall 
',ny  straw,  hay  or  other  substance,  or 
♦he  contents  of  any  mattress  or  bed,  be 
deposited  or  burnt,  without  a permit 
fro m the  board  of  health. 

fiee.  113.  Everv  proprietor,  lessee,  ten- 
ant and  occupant  of  any  oyster-house, 
Oyster-saloon  or  other  premises  where 
oysters,  clams,  lobsters,  or  shell  or 


other  fish  are  consumed,  used,  or  sold,  or 
where  any  of  the  refuse  matter,  offal, 
or  shells  thereof  accumulate  shall  daily 
cause  all  such  shells,  offal,  and  refuse 
matter  to  be  removed  therefrom  to  some 
proper  place,  and  shall  keep  his  house, 
saloon  and  premises  at  all  times  free 
from  any  offensive  smells  or  accumula- 
tions. 

Sec.  113.  No  person  shall  obstruct,  de- 
lay, or  interfere  with  the  proper  and 
free  use,  for  the  purposes  for  which 
they  may  be  and  should  be  set  apart 
and  devoted  of  any  dock,  pier,  or  bulk- 
head set  apart  for  the  use  of  any  con- 
tractor or  person  engaged  in  removing 
any  offal,  garbage,  rubbish,  dirt,  dead 
animal,  night-soil,  or  other  like  sub- 
stances. or  with  the  proper  performance 
of  such  contracts. 

Sec.  114-  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  every 
person  (his  agents  and  employes)  who 
has  contracted  or  undertaken  to  remove 
any  diseased  or  dead  animal,  offal,  rub- 
bish. garbage,  dirt,  street-sweepings, 
night-soil,  or  other  filthy,  offensive,  or 
noxious  substance,  or  is  engaged  about 
any  such  removal,  or  in  loading  or  un- 
loading any  such  substance,  to  do  the 
same  with  dispatch,  and  in  every  par- 
ticular in  a manner  as  cleanly  and  little 
offensive,  and  with  as  little  danger  and 
prejudice  to  life  and  health  as  possible, 
and  no  matter  or  material  shall  lie  piled 
up,  or  partially  raked  together,  in  any 
street  or  place  before  the  removal  there- 
of, more  than  a reasonable  time,  nor  for 
more  than  four  hours  in  the  daytime, 
under  any  circumstances. 

Sec.  115.  No  ship,  boat,  or  other  ves- 
sel, shall  be  taken  or  allowed  by  any  per- 
son to  come  into  or  lay  to,  or  at,  or  with- 
in any  dock,  pier,  bulkhead,  or  slip,  or 
be  placed  therein  for  the  purpose  of  the 
shipment  or  removal  of  any  offal,  gar- 
bage, rubbish,  blood  or  offensive  animal 
or  vegetable  matter,  dirt  or  dead  ani- 
mals. or  for  the  use  of  any  contractor 
for  the  removal  of  any  of  the  foregoing 
substances,  without  a permit  from  the 
board  of  health. 

Sec.  11C.  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  every 
owner,  lessee,  contractor  or  other  per- 
son having  the  management  and  control 
of  any  lot  or  parcel  of  land  in  the  City  of 
New  York  to  keep  and  preserve  the  same 
at  all  times  clean,  inoffensive  and  free 
and  clear  of  any  water  which  may  gather 
or  collect  thereon;  and  to  provide  and 
maintain  aroupd  or  in  front  of  any  lot 
which  is  sunken,  excavated  or  below  the 
grade  of  the  sidewalk  adjacent  thereto, 
a proper  fence  to  protect  persons  from 
falling  therein. 

No  person  shall  throw  or  deposit  in  or 
upon  any  lot  any  garbage,  refuse  or  other 
offensive  material. 

Sec.  117.  No  person  shall  deposit  upon 
any  street  or  public  place  wituin  the  gen- 
erally built-up  portion  of  The  City  of 
New  York,  or  upon  any  paved  :treet,  tiny 
! dirt  or  brick,  or  other  material,  or  dirt 
taken  from  any  ground  therein,  in  such 
manner  as  to  occupy  more  than  one  hun- 
dred square  feet  of  surface  of  any  str-er. 
or  place  (and  the  same  shall  be  compact 
and  at  one  side);  nor  shall  any  person  al- 
low the  same  to  remain  in  said  street  cr 
public  place  more  than  twelve  nourp, 
without  a permit  from  tne  board  if 
health,  or  unless  such  o cupon.-y  shall 
be  otherwise  duly  authorized  by  para- 
mount authority.  Nor  shall  any  such  sub- 
stance be  so  deposited  or  allowed  to  re- 
main by  any  person,  as  to  .obstruct  the 
free  flowage  along  any  gutter. 

Sec.  118.  No  lime,  ashes,  coal,  dry  sand, 
hair,  feathers,  or  other  substance  that 
is  in  a similar  manner  liable  to  he  blown 
by  the  wind,  shall  be  sieved,  agitated  or 
exposed, nor  shall  any  mat.  carpet  or  cloth 
be  shaken  or  beaten,  nor  shall  any  cloth, 
yarn,  garment,  material,  or  substance  be 
si  oured.  cleaned,  or  hung,  nor  shall  sny 
lags,  damaged  merchandise,  barrels, 
boxes,  or  broken  bales  of  merchandise 
or  goods,  be  placed,  kept,  >r  exposed  in 
any  place  where  they  or  particles  there- 
from will  pass  into  any  street  or  public 
place,  or  into  any  occupied  prem'.-f's 
Neither  shall  any  usual  nor  any  reu;. l i- 


able precautions  be  omitted  by  any  per* 
son  to  prevent  fragments  or  othe1*  sub* 
stances  from  falling,  to  the  peril  of  life, 
or  dust  or  ligfct  material  flying  Into  any 
street,  place,  or  building,  from  any 
building  or  erection,  while  the  same,  is 
being  altered,  repaired  or  demolished,  or 
otherwise. 

Removal  of  Filth. 

Sec.  119.  No  person  shall  engage  in  the 
business  of  transporting  manure,  swill, 
ashes,  garbage,  offal,  or  any  offensive  or 
noxious  substance,  or  drive  any  cart  for 
such  purpose.  In  The  City  of  New  York, 
without  a permit  from  the  board  of 
health. 

Sec.  120.  No  cart  or  other  vehicle  for 
carrying  any  manure,  swill,  garbage, 
offal,  or  rubbish,  or  other  nauseous  or  of- 
fensive substance,  or  the  contents  of  any 
privy,  vault,  cesspool,  or  sink,  shall, 
without  necessity  therefor,  be  allowed  to 
i stand  or  remain  before  or  near  any  build- 
I iugi  place  of  business,  or  other  premises 
! where  any  person  may  be;  nor  shall  any 
! such  cart  or  vehicle  be  allowed  to  occupy 
I an  unreasonable  length  of  time  in  load- 
ing or  unloading,  or  in  passing  along  any 
street  or  through  any  inhabited  place  or 
grounds.  Such  carts,  vehicles,  and  all 
j implements  used  in  connection  there- 
with must  be  kept  in  an  inoffensive  and 
sanitary  condition,  and,  when  not  in  use, 
shall  be  stored  and  kept  In  some  place 
where  no  needless  offense  shall  be  given 
to  any  of  the  people  of  said  city. 

Sec.  121.  All  carts  and  vehicles  for  car- 
rying any  nauseous  or  offensive  sub- 
stances, boxes,  tubs  and  receptacles  in 
which  any  nauseous  or  offensive  sub- 
stance may  be,  or  may  be  carried,  shall 
! be  strong  and  tight,  and  the  sides  shall 
be  so  high  above  the  load  or  contents, 
that  no  part  of  such  contents  or  load 
shall  fall,  leak,  or  spill  therefrom;  and 
either  the  vehicle  or  vessel  carried  by  It 
shall  be  so  covered  as  to  be  inoffensive; 
and  all  such  material  shall  be  loaded  and 
removed  in  a sanitary  manner,  and  ac- 
cording to  the  regulations  of  the  depart- 
ment of  health,  and  it  shall  be  the  duty 
of  every  person  removing  any  offensive 
material  to  at  once  replace  in  said  ve- 
hicle or  vessel  any  material  that  may 
have  fallen  therefrom  upon  or  in  any 
place,  street  or  premises. 

Sec  122.  All  putrid  or  offensive  matter, 
and  all  nigbtsoil.  and  the  contents  of 
sinks,  privies,  vaults  and  cesspools,  and 
all  noxious  substances,  shall,  before  their 
removal  or  exposure,  be  disinfected  and 
rendered  inoffensive  by  the  owner,  lessee, 
or  occupant  of  the  premises  where  the 
same  may  he,  or  by  the  person  or  con- 
tractor who  removes  o"  is  aoout  to  remove 
the  same;  and  no  part  of  the  contents  of 
any  vault,  privy,  sink  or  cesspool  shall 
be  removed  without  a permit  from  the 
board  of  health. 

Sec.  123.  No  boat,  scow  or  other  re- 
I ceptacle  used  in  transporting  garbage  to 
1 Barren  Island  or'  the  place  of  disposal, 
i shall  be  permitted  to  remain  moored  or 
I be  at  any  dock,  wharf  or  place  within  the 
limits  of  The  City  of  New  York  for  a 
] longer  period  than  twenty-four  hours 
from  the  time  garbage  is  first  delivered 
Or  placed  thereon.  Garbage  shall  be  re- 
I eeived  on  such  boat,  scow  or  other  re- 
ceptacle. and  transported,  in  a manner 
j approved  by  the  board  of  health. 

I Oiseiiited,  Injured  and  Dead  Animal# 

Sec.  124.  No  diseased  cattle,  swine, 
3heep,  horses,  dogs  or  cats,  which  are 
i suffering  lrorn  or  have  been  exposed  to 
, any  disease  which  is  contagious  among 
such  aultnals,  shall  be  brought  Into  or 
kept  in  Tlie  City  of  New  York.  All  per- 
sons. corporations,  or  companies  bringing 
milch  cows  Into  The  City  of  New  York 
shall  furnish  a certificate  signed  by  a 
i veterinarian  who  is  a graduate  of  a 
recognized  veterinary  college,  with  the 
date  of  graduation  and  the  name  of  the 
I college  from  which  the  degree  was  re- 
ceived. to  she  effect  that  said  cows  are 
free  from  tuberculosis  as  far  a*  may  be 
determined  by  physical  examination  anl 
I the  tuberculin  ’es:  Said -certificate  shall 

; \ a number  which  has  been  perm*- 


THE  SANITARY  CODE. 


77 


neatly  attached  to  each,  cow,  and  a de- 
scription sufficiently  accurate  for  identi- 
fication, stating  the  date  (which  must  be 
not  more  than  sixty  days  prior  to  the 
time  they  are  brought  into  the  city),  the 
place  of  examination,  the  temperature  of 
the  cow  or  cows  at  intervals  of  three 
hours,  for  twelve  hours  before  the  sub- 
cutaneous injection  of  the  tuberculin,  the 
preparation  of  tuberculin  used,  the  loca- 
tion of  the  injection,  the  quantity  in- 
jected, the  temperature  at  the  tenth  hour  | 
after  the  injection  of  the  tuberculin  and 
every  three  hours  after  the  aforesaid 
tenth  hour  for  twelve  hours,  or  until  the 
reaction  is  completed.  No  cow  with  a 
certificate  which  states  that  said  cow 
gave  a reaction  of  two  degrees  F.  after 
the  injection  with  0.5  c.  c.  of  the  tuber- 
culin prepared  by  the  department  of 
health  of  The  City  of  New  York  (or  its 
equivalent),  diluted  with  ten  times  its 
■volume  of  a 0.5  per  cent,  watery  solution 
of  carbolic  acid,  shall  be  brought  Into 
The  City  of  New  York. 

Sec.  125.  No  person  shall  keep,  retain 
or  allow,  or  cause  to  be  kept  or  retained 
et  any  place  in  The  City  of  New  York, 
any  animal  having  the  disease  known  as 
glanders,  or  farcy,  or  any  other  contagious 
disease,  but  shall  forthwith  report  every 
such  case  and  the  location  thereof  to  the 
Department  of  Health;  the  Sanitary  Su- 
perintendent or  an  Assistant  Sanitary 
Superintendent  of  the  said  department 
shall  cause  every  such  animal  to  be  de- 
stroyed and  the  body  thereof  removed 
and  disposed  of  In  such  manner  as  shall 
be  by  him  designated. 

Sec.  126.  All  dead  horses,  before  they 
are  placed  In  the  street,  must  have  a tag 
attached  giving  the  name  and  address  of 
the  owner  and  the  stable  from  which  the 
horse  was  removed. 

Sec.  127.  Every  veterinary  surgeon  who 
Is,  called  to  examine  or  professionally  at- 
tend any  animal  within  The  City  of  New 
York  having  the  glanders  or  farcy  or  any 
contagious  disease  shall  report  forthwith 
in  writing  to  the  board  of  health  ot  said 
city  the  following  facts,  viz.:  First,  a 
statement  of  the  location  of  such  dis- 
eased animal;  second,  the  name  and  ad- 
dress of  the  owner  thereof;  third,  the 
type  and  character  of  the  disease. 

Sec.  128.  No  person  shall  leave  in  or 
throw  into  any  place  or  street,  or  public 
water,  or  offensively  expose  or  bury,  the 
body  (or  any  part  thereof)  of  any  dead 
or  fatally  sick  or  Injured  animal;  nor 
•hall  any  person  keep  any  dead  animal  or 
any  offensive  meat,  bird,  fowl,  or  fish  In 
a place  where  the  same  may  be  dangei  - 
ous  to  the  life  or  detrimental  to  the 
health  of  any  person. 

Sec.  129.  Any  animal,  being  In  any 
street  or  public  place,  within  or  adjacent 
to  the  built-up  portion  of  New  York  City, 
and  appearing  In  the  estimation  of  any 
officer  or  Inspector  of  this  department 
(and  of  two  d'sereet  citizens,  railed  by 
such  officer  or  Inspector  to  view  the  same 
in  his  presence)  Injured  or  diseased  past 
recovery,  for  any  useful  purpose,  and  not 
being  attended  and  properly  cared  fo- 
hy  the  owner  or  some  proper  person  hiv- 
ing charge  thereof  for  such  owner,  or  not 
having  been  removed  to  some  private 
premises,  or  to  some  place  designated  by 
•ueb  officer  or  Inspector,  within  one  hour 
■ fter  being  found  or  left  In  such  condi- 
tion, may  bs  deprived  of  life  by  such  of- 
ficer or  Imoector.  or  »s  he  may  direct; 

• nd  shall  thereafter,  unless  at  once  re- 
moved  by  the  owner  or  person,  be  treated 
as  any  otter  animal  found  on  a street  »>r 
place. 

Sec.  130.  Any  person  having  a dead 

• ntmal  or  an  animal  past  recovery,  and 
not  killed  for  and  proper  for  use  as  food, 
or  in  any  offensive  condition,  or  sick  with 

• n Infectious  or  contagious  disease,  on 
his  premises  in  said  city,  and  every  per- 
son whose  animal  or  any  animal  In  bis 
charge  or  under  his  control  In  any  street 
or  place,  may  die  or  become  or  be  In  a 
condition  past  recovery,  shall  at  once  no- 
tify the  department  of  health,  and  un- 
der the  direction  of  he  sanitary  super- 
intendent or  an  assistant  sanitary  su- 
perintendent or  an  officer  of  the  police 
department,  remove  or  cause  the  removal 


of  such  animal,  dead  or  alive,  to  such 
place  as  may  be  designated  by  such  offi- 
cial. 

Sec.  131.  No  person  other  than  the  in- 
spectors or  officers  c.f  this  department  or 
the  police  department,  or  persons  there- 
to authorized,  shall  in  any  way  Interfere 
with  such  dead,  sick  or  injured  animal  in 
any  street  or  place,  and  no  person  shall 
skin  or  wound  such  animal  in  such  street 
or  public  place,  unless  to  terminate  its 
life  as  herein  authorized,  except  that  tho 
owner  or  person  having  control  of  such 
animal  may  terminate  the  life  thereof 
in  the  presence  and  by  the  consent  of  a 
policeman  or  an  inspector  or  officer  of 
this  department. 

Sec.  132.  Every  animal  which  shows 
symptoms  of  rabies,  and  every  animal 
that  has  been  exposed  to  such  disease, 
shall,  by  the  person  owning  the  same,  or 
having  possession  thereof,  be  at  once  con- 
fined in  some  secure  place  for  such 
length  of  time  as  to  determine  whether 
such  disease  exists,  or  to  show'  that  such 
exposure  has  not  given  such  animal  said 
disease,  and  so  as  to  avoid  all  danger  to 
life  or  health.  And  such  persons  shall 
also  forthwith  notify  the  department  of 
health  thereof  and  of  the  place  where 
such  animal  is  confined.  Every  animal 
which  is  mad  or  has  rabies  shall  at  once 
be  killed  by  the  ow'ner  or  person  having 
possession  thereof  or  by  the  departtnent 
of  health  and  the  body  of  any  animal 
that  has  died  of  such  disease,  or,  being 
suspected  of  such  disease,  has  been  killed, 
shall  be  at  once  sur  ndered  to  the  de- 
partment of  health,  to  be  by  it  dis- 
posed of. 

Should  a dog  bite  any  person  it  shall 
be  the  duty  ot  the  owner,  or  person  hav- 
ing the  same  in  his  possession  or  under 
his  control,  to  at  once  notify  said  de- 
partment thereof,  and  surrender  said 
dog  to  said  department  for  inspection  anil 
observation;  and  such  dog  shall  be  re- 
turned to  the  person  from  whom  the  same 
shall  have  been  received  if  found  not 
rabid,  and  if  found  to  be  rabid  it  shall 
be  destroyed  by  said  department. 

When  the  police  or  other  person  or 
authorities  destroy  a dog  for  any  of  the 
causes  herein  mentioned,  it  shall  be  bis 
or  their  duty  to  immediately  notify  the 
said  department  thereof  ana  of  the  loca- 
tion of  its  body,  so  that  the  same  may 
be  obtained  by  tbo  said  department;  and 
it  shall  be  unlawful  to  remove  any  such 
dog  or  the  body  of  any  such  anlm.al  here- 
tofore mentioned  except  as  herein  pro- 
vided. 

Infection*  Di*cn*e*. 

Sec.  133.  It  shall  be  the  duty  ot  every 
physician  to  report  to  the  department  of 
health,  in  writing,  the  full  name,  age,  and 
address  of  every  person  suffering  from 
any  one  of  tho  infectious  diseases  Includ- 
ed in  the  list  appended,  with  the  name 
of  the  disease,  within  twenty-four  hours 
of  the  time  when  the  case  is  first  seen: 

A. — Contagious  (very  readily  communi- 
cable): Measles,  rubella  (roethcln),  scar- 
let fever,  smallpox,  varicella  (chicken- 
pox),  typhus  fever,  relapsing  fever. 

B.  — Communicable:  Diphtheria  (croup), 
typhoid  fever,  Asiatic  cholera,  tubercu- 
losis (of  any  organ),  plague,  tetanus, 
anthrax.  glanders,  epidemic  cerebro- 
spinal meningitis,  leprosy,  infectious  dis- 
eases of  the  eye  ( i raehoraa,  suppurative 
conjunctivitis),  puerperal  septicaemia, 
erysipelas,  whooping  cough,  acute  an- 
terior Poleomyelltls  (Infantile  Paralysis). 

C.  — Indirectly  Communicable  (through 
Intermediary  host);  Yellow  fever,  mala- 
rial fever. 

Note.— In  tins  provisional  rlasslfballon  of 
tho  Infection*  rtlneane*.  arranged  for  practical 
ptirpoae*.  the  moat  readily  communicable  of 
theae  Olaeaaoa,  er.,hraelng  the  exanthemata  and 
typhus  fever,  have  t,een  placed  In  a group  by 
theinaelvea  and  called  contagion*.  Thl*  haa  been 
done  with  a view  to  emphaalxlng  a diatlnctlon. 
which  la  not  only  of  scientific  algnlfVnnco, 
but  of  practical  Importance.  In  dealing  With 
the  aanllary  feature*  of  admlnlatrallon  This 
diatlnctlon  la  furtliermor*  of  Importance  be- 
rauae  It  avoid*  tho  mlaunderstnndlng  and 
alarm  frequently  cauaed  by  Including  In  the 
an  me  claaa  the  very  readily  communicable  dla- 
cotana  touch  na  smallpox),  and  the  much  In  a* 
rommutilcphlo  dlacaar*  tatjeh  a*  luber*  tileala), 
V.hlrii  inquire  ver)  different  aanllary  tnotnlut  :* 
for  their  control. 


See.  134.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  th» 
commissioners  or  managers  or  the  prin- 
cipal, superintendent,  or  physician,  ot 
each  and  every  public  institution  or  dis- 
pensary, in  this  city,  to  report  to  ths 
department  of  health,  in  writing,  the  full 
name,  age  and  address  of  any  person 
suffering  from  any  one  of  the  infectious 
diseases  included  in  the  list  appended, 
with  the  name  of  the  disease,  within 
twenty-four  hours  of  the  time  when  ths 
case  is  first  seen: 

A.  — Communicable:  Influenza.  lobar 

pneumonia,  broncho-pneumonia,  infectious 
diseases  of  the  gastro-intestinal  canal 
(dysentery,  cholera  morbus,  cholera  in- 
fantum. summer  diarrhoeas  of  infants). 

B.  — Parasitic  Diseases  of  the  Skin: 
Scabies,  tinea  tonsurans,  impetigo  (con- 
tagious), favus,  acute  anterior. 

Note. — In  this  list  of  diseases  reporting  Is 
required  by  the  Department  of  Health  in  ordor 
that  data  may  be  obtained  for  general  and 
special  Investigation  of  ihe  inodes  and  sources 
of  Infection  and  as  to  the  prevalence  and  dis- 
tribution of  these  diseases.  The  Department 
of  Health  docs  not  purpose  to  exercise  a sinl- 
tarv  surveillance  in  these  cases,  but  desire* 
information  with  a view  to  the  ultimate  re- 
moval oi-  improvement  in  the  conditions  which 
now  foster  them.  Notification  is  required  in 
certain  of  these  diseases  because  of  the  lia- 
bility to  their  extension  among  the  children  in 
schools. 

Sec.  135.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every 
physician  to  report  forthwith,  in  writing, 
to  the  department  of  health,  the  death  of 
every  person  who  dies  from,  or  while 
suffering  with,  any  infectious  disease,  and 
to  state  in  such  report  ihe  specific  nams 
and  type  of  such  disease. 

Sec.  136.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every 
keeper  of  any  boarding  house  or  lodging 
house,  and  the  proprietor  of  every  lodg- 
ing house  or  hotel,  to  report  forthwith  to 
the  department  of  health  all  tho  known 
facts  in  regard  to  any  person  111,  in  any 
house  or  hotel  i'.nder  his  or  her  charge, 
and  suffering  from  any  one  Of  the  follow- 
ing infectious  diseases:  Measles,  diph- 
theria (croup),  scarlot  rever.  small-pox, 
chicken-pox,  epidemic  cholera,  typhus 
fever,  rubella  (roethelD),  plague,  tubercu- 
losis and  whooping  cough. 

Sec.  137.  It  sjiall  be  the  duty  of  every 
person  having  knowledge  of  the  existence 
of  any  person  afflicted  with  any  one  of 
the  following  infectious  diseases:  measles, 
diphtheria  (croup),  scarlet  fever,  small- 
pox, chicken-pox,  epidemic  cholera,  typhus 
fever,  rubella  (roethcln),  plague,  tubercu- 
losis and  whooping  cough,  who  he  has  rea- 
son to  think  requires  the  attention  of  the 
department  of  health,  to  at  once  report 
to  the  department  all  facts  in  regard  to 
the  disease;  and  no  person  shall  Interfere 
with  or  obstruct  the  entrance,  inspection 
or  examination  of  any  building  or  house, 
or  the  occupants  thereof,  by  tho  inspectors 
and  officers  of  this  department,  when  any 
case  or  ono  of  the  infectloua  diseases 
above  specified  has  been  reported  as  ex- 
isting In  such  house  or  dwelling;  nor  shall 
any  person  Interfere  with  or  obstruct, 
mutilate  or  tear  down  any  notices  of  this 
department  posted  in  or  on  any  premises 
In  The  City  of  New  York. 

Sec.  139.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
oininlRK'oners  or  managers,  or  the  prin- 
cipal, superintendent  or  physician  of  each 
and  every  publle  or  privute  Institution  or 
dispensary  In  this  city  to  report  to  the 
department  of  health,  in  writing,  or  to 
cause  such  report  to  be  made  by  some 
proper  and  competent  person,  the  name, 
age,  sex,  occupaHon  and  latest  nddress  of 
every  person  afllleted  with  tuberculosis, 
who  la  in  their  tare  or  who  haa  come  un- 
der their  observation,  within  one  week  of 
such  time  It  shall  be  tho  duly  of  every 
person  slek  with  this  disease  and  of  every 
person  In  attendance  upon  any  one  sick 
with  this  disease,  and  of  the  authorities 
of  public  and  privato  Institutions  or  dis- 
pensaries. to  observo  and  enforce  all  the 
sanitary  rules  nnd  regulations  of  the 
board  of  health  for  preventing  the  spread 
of  pulmonary  tubereulosls. 

Sec.  139  Whenever  an  Inspector  of  this 
department  shall  report  In  writing  that 
any  person  Is  slek  of  any  Infectious  dis- 
ease, under  such  elrcumsl unees  that  ihs 
coni inuanee  of  surh  slek  person  In  ths 
place  when  be  or  she  msy  bo  Is  danger- 


78 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  t aEYV  YORK. 


ous  to  tbc  lives  of  other  persons  residing 
in  the  neighborhood,  the  sanitary  superin- 
tendent, an  assistant  sanitary  superin- 
tendent, or  the  chief  inspector  of  the 
division  of  contagious  diseases,  upon  the 
report  of  the  medical  inspector  of  the 
department,  may  cause  the  removal  of 
such  sick  person  to  one  of  the  hospitals 
under  the  charge  of  this  department  or 
to  a hospital  delegated  by  the  hoard  of 
health. 

Sec.  140.  In  every  public  hospital  and 
dispensary  in  The  City  of  New  York 
there  shall  be  provided  and  maintained  a 
suiable  room  or  rooms  for  the  temporary 
isolation  of  persons  suffering  from  any 
one  of  the  following  infectious  diseases, 
measles,  diphtheria  (croup),  scarlet  fever, 
smallpox,  chicken  pox,  epidemic  cholera, 
iyphus  fever,  rubella  (roath.oln),  plaguo 
and  whooping  eough;  and  such  persons 
shall  immediately  be  separated  from 
other  persons  at  such  dispensary  or  hos- 
pital. It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  phy- 
sician or  physicians,  and  of  the  officers 
and  managers  of  every  hospital  or  dis- 
pensary, to  cause  a report  to  be  imme- 
diately made  to  the  department  of 
health  of  The  City  of  New  York  of  every 
person  afflicted  with  any  one  of  tbs  in- 
fectious diseases  herein  specified  who 
comes  to  their  knowledge,  and  to  have 
such  persons  properly  isolated  from  other 
persons,  and  shall  also  immediately  rcpoit 
or  cause  to  bo  reported  to  the  said  De- 
partment the  name,  ago  (so  far  as  can 
be  ascertained)  and  residence  of  every 
person  received  or  treated  thereat  who  is 
afflicted  with  puerperal  seticacmia  or  su*  - 
purative  conjunctivitis  and  the  name  of 
the  particular  disease  with  which  the  per- 
son is  so  afflicted;  and  shall  also  report 
the  name  and  address  of  the  physician 
of  midwife  in  attendance  at  the  time  of 
theonset  of  the  disease,  which  informa- 
tion it  is  hereby  made  the  duty  of  such 
hospital  or  dispensary  to  obtain  and  re- 
cord among  its  records. 

Sec.  141.  It  shall  he  the  duty  of 
•very  undertaker  having  notice  of  the 
death  of  any  person  within  The  City  of 
New  York,  of  small  pox,  diphtheria 
(croup),  scarlet  fever,  yellow  fever,  ty- 
phus fever,  plague,  Asiatic  cholera,  meas- 
les, or  any  other  infections  disease  dan- 
gerous to  the  general  health  of  the  com- 
munity. or  of  the  bringing  of  the  dead 
body  of  any  person  who  has  died  of  any 
Kuch  disease  into  such  city,  to  give  im- 
mediate notice  thereof  to  this  department. 
No  person  shall  retain  or  expose,  or  as- 
sist in  the  retention  or  exposure  of  the 
dead  body  of  any  such  person  except 
in  a coffin  or  casket  properly  sealed;  nor 
shall  he  allow  any  such  body  to  bo  placed 
in  any  coffin  or  casket  unless  the  body 
has  been  wrapped  in  a sheet  saturated 
with  a proper  disinfecting  solution  and 
like  coffin  or  casket  shall  then  he  imme- 
diately and  permanently  sealed.  No  un- 
dertaker shall  assist  in  the  public  or 
church  funeral  of  any  3uch  person.  No 
undertaker  shall  use,  or  cause  or  allow 
i o be  used,  at  any  funeral,  or  in  any  room 
where  the  dead  body  of  any  person  shall 
be,  any  draperies,  decorations,  rugs  or 
carpets,  belonging  to  or  furnished  by  him 
or  under  his  direction. 

Sec.  143.  A public  or  church  funeral 
shall  not  be  held  of  any  person  who  has 
died  of  small-pox,  diphtheria  (croup), 
scarlet  fever,  yellow  fever,  typhus  fever, 
Asiatic  cholera,  measles  or  plague;  but 
the  funeral  of  such  person  shall  be  pri- 
vate, and  it  shall  not  be  lawful  to  invite, 
or  permit  at  the  funeral  of  any  person 
who  has  died  of  any  one  of  the  above  dis- 
eases, or  of  any  infectious  disease,  or  at 
• ny  services  connected  therewith,  any 
person  whose  attendance  is  not  necessary, 
or  to  whom  there  is  danger  of  contagion 
thereby. 

See.  143.  No  person  shall  within  this 
city,  without  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health,  carry,  remove  or  cause  or  per- 
mit to  be  carried  or  removed,  any  per- 
son sick  with  any  infectious  disease,  or 
remove  or  cause  to  bo  removed  any  such 
person  from  any  building  or  vessel  to  any 
other  building  or  vessel  or  to  tbo  shore 
or  to  or  from  any  vehicle  in  any  part  of 
the  city.  Nor  shall  any  person,  by  any 
exposure  of  any  individual  skfc  of  any  in- 


fectious disease,  or  of  the  body  of  such 
person,  or  by  any  negligent  act  con- 
nected therewith,  or  in  respect  of  the  care 
or  custody  thereof,  or  by  needless  ex- 
posure of  himself,  cause  or  contribute  to 
or  promote  the  spread  of  disease  from 
any  such  person  or  from  any  dead  body. 

Sec.  144.  Every  owner,  lessee,  tenant 
and  occupant  of  any  dwelling  or  apart- 
ment in  The  City  of  New  York  shall 
forthwith  report  to  the  department  of 
health  in  writing  the  removal  of  any  per- 
son from  such  dwelling  or  apartment  who 
shall  be  suffering  from  any  of  the  follow- 
ing infectious  diseases:  measles,  diph- 
theria (croup),  scarlet  fever,  smallpox, 
chicken  pox,  epidemic  cholera,  typhus  fe- 
ver, rubella  (roethelu),  plague,  whooping 
cough  or  tuberculosis  (of  any  organ). 

Sec.  145.  No  principal  or  superintend- 
ent of  any  school,  and  no  parent,  master 
or  custodian  of  any  child  or  minor  (hav- 
ing the  power  and  authority  to  prevent), 
shall  permit  any  child  or  minor  having 
scarlet  fever,  diphtheria  (croup),  small- 
pox or  any  dangerous,  infectious  or  con- 
tagious disease,  or  any  child  in  any  fam- 
ily in  which  any  such  disease  exists  or 
has  recently  existed,  to  attend  any  pub- 
lic or  private  school  until  the  board  of 
health  shall  have  given  its  permission 
therefor,  nor  in  any  manner  to  be  ua- 
recessarily  exposed,  or  to  needlessly  ex- 
pose any  other  person  to  the  taking  or 
to  the  infection  of  any  contagious  disease. 

Disinfection 

Sec.  146.  Adequate  disinfection  or 
cleansing  and  renovation  of  premises, 
furniture  and  belongings  deemed  by  the 
department  of  health  to  be  infected  by 
contagious  or  communicable  diseases, 
shall  immediately  follow  the  recovery, 
death  or  removal  of  the  person  suffering 
from  such  disease,  and  such  disinfection 
or  cleansing  and  renovation  shall  be  per- 
formed by  the  owner  or  occupant  of  said 
premises  when  ordered  by  the  board  of 
health. 

Vaccination,  Antitoxin. 

Soc.  147.  Every  person,  being  the  par- 
ent or  guardian  or  having  the  care,  cus- 
tody or  control  of  any  minor,  or  other  in- 
dividual, shall  (to  the  extent  of  any 
means,  power  and  authority  of  said  par- 
ent, guardian  or  other  person  that  could 
properly  be  used  or  exerted  for  such  pur- 
pose) cause  and  procure  such  minor  or 
individual  to  be  so  promptly,  frequently 
and  effectively  vaccinated  that  such  mi- 
nor or  individual  shall  not  take  or  be 
liable  to  take  the  smallpox. 

Sec.  14S.  That  no  preparation  of  diph- 
theria antitoxin  shall  be  offered  or  ex- 
posed for  sale  in  this  city  unless  the  re- 
ceptacle containing  such  preparation  hear 
a label  on  which  is  placed  the  name  and 
the  address  of  the  producer,  and  upon 
such  label,  or  upon  a circular  accom- 
panying such  receptacle  and  inclosed 
with  it  in  a sealed  package,  shall  be 
printed  or  written  the  date  of  production 
and  the  value  of  the  contents  In  anti- 
toxin as  measured  by  some  generally  rec- 
ognized standard. 

Vessels  ami  Seaxurn. 

Sec.  140.  The  master,  chief  officer,  and 
consignee,  of  every  vessel  not  being  in 
quarantine,  or  within  quarantine  limits, 
but  being  within  one-fourth  of  a mile  of 
any  dock,  wharf,  pier,  or  building  of  said 
city,  shall  daily  report  to  the  department 
of  health,  or  cause  to  be  reported,  in 
writing,  the  particulars,  and  shall  therein 
state  the  name,  disease,  and  condition  of 
any  person  being  in  or  on  such  vessel, 
and  sick  of  any  infectious  disease. 

See.  150.  The  keepers,  lessees,  tenants, 
and  owners  of  every  boarding  house  aud 
lodging  house  shall  forthwith  notify  the 
department  of  health  of  the  fact  of  any 
seafaring  man  or  person  lately  from  any 
vessel  being  taken  sick  at  such  house,  and 
shall  in  such  notice  state  where  such  sick 
person  may  be  found,  and  from  what  ves- 
sel, and  when  ho  came,  to  the  best  of 
the  knowledge  of  the  person  or  persons 
giving  such  notice. 

Sec.  151.  Every  master  and  chief  officer 
of  any  vessel,  and  every  physician  of.  or 
'who  praniced  on,  any  vessel  which  shall 


arrive  in  til#  port  of  New  York  from  auy 
other  port,  shall  at  once  report  to  this 
department  any  facts  connected  with  any 
person  or  thing  ou  said  vessel,  or  that 
came  thereon,  which  he  has  reason  to 
think  roay  endanger  the  public  health  of 
tills  city;  and  he  shall  report  the  facts 
as  to  any  person  being  or  having  been 
sick  thereon,  of  an  infectious  disease,  anil 
as  to  there  being  or  having  been,  during 
the  voyage  or  since  her  arrival,  any  in- 
fected person  or  articles  thereon. 

Sec.  152.  No  master,  charterer,  owner, 
part  owner  or  consignee  of  any  vessel,  or 
any  other  person,  shall  bring  to  any  dock, 
pier,  wharf,  or  building  within  one  thou- 
sand feet  thereof,  in  said  city,  or  unload 
at  any  dock,  building,  or  pier  therein,  or 
have  on  storage  in  the  built-up  portions 
of  said  city,  any  skins,  hides,  rags,  or 
similar  articles  or  materials  having  been 
brought  from  auy  foreign  country  or  any 
infected  place,  or  from  any  points  south 
of  Norfolk,  Virginia,  without  or  other- 
wise than  according  to  a permit  from  the 
board  of  health,  and  no  person  shall  sell, 
exchange,  remove,  or  In  any  way  expose 
any  straw,  bedding  or  other  articles  used 
by  immigrants  upon  any  vessel  bringing 
immigrants  to  this  port,  until  it  has  been 
adequately  and  properly  cleansed  or  dis- 
infected; and  all  straw,  bedding  or  other 
articles  that  have  been  exposod  on  any 
vessel  to  contagion  or  infection  of  any 
contagious  disease,  or  have  been  or  are 
liable  to  communicate  such  disease,  shall 
he  destroyed  by  fire  on  said  vessel. 

Sec.  153.  No  owner,  agent,  or  consignee 
of  any  vessel,  or  cargo,  and  no  officer  of 
any  vessel  (in  respect  of  cither  of  which 
vessel  or  cargo  a permit,  according  u> 
any  law",  ordinance,  or  regulation  shall 
or"  should  have  been  obtained  to  pass 
quarantine,  or  to  come  up  to  the  water- 
front of  The  City  of  New  York)  shall  un- 
load, or  land,  or  cause  to  he  unladen  or 
landed,  such  cargo,  or  any  part  thereof 
in  said  city,  without  having  first  received 
a permit  from  the  board  of  health  eo  to 
do. 

Sec.  134.  No  captain,  officer,  consignee, 
owner  or  other  person  in  charge  of  any 
vessel  (or  having  right  and  authority  to 
prevent  the  same)  shall  remove  or  aid  in 
removing  from  any  vessel  to  the  shore 
(save  as  legally  authorized  by 
the  health  officer  of  the  port 
of  New  York,  and  into  quarantine 
grounds  and  buildings  only)  any  person 
sick  of,  or  person  that  has  been  exposed 
to,  and  is  liable  very  soon  to  develop 
any  infectious  disease,  or  so  remove  or 
aid  in  removing  any  articles  that  may 
have  been  exposed  to  the  contagion  of  any 
such  disease,  except  in  accordance  with 
a permit  from  the  hoard  of  health. 

Sec  155.  No  master,  charterer,  con- 
signee, or  other  person  shall  order,  bring 
or  allow  (having  power  and  authority  to 
prevent  the  same)  any  vessel  or  person, 
or  article  therefrom,  from  auy  infected 
port,  or  any  vessel,  or  person  or  article 
therefrom,  liable  to  quarantine,  according 
to  the  ninth  section  of  the  three  hundred 
and  fifty-eighth  chapter  of  the  Laws  of 
1863  (or  under  any  other  laws,  and  wheth- 
er such  quarantine  has  been  made  or  suf- 
fered or  not),  to  come  or  be  brought  to 
any  point  nearer  than  three  hundred 
yards  from  any  dock  or  pier,  or  to  any 
building  in  said  city  without  or  otherwise 
than  according  to  a permit  from  the  board 
of  health.  Nor  shall  any  vessel,  or  per- 
son or  thing  therein  or  therefrom,  having 
been  in  quarantine,  come  or  be  brought 
within  the  last-named  distance  of  any 
last-named  place,  without  the  permit  or 
assent  of  this  board. 

See.  156.  No  person  shall  bring  into  this 
city  from  any  infocted  place,  or  land,  or 
take  therein,  from  any  vessel  lately  from 
an  infected  port,  or  from  any  vessel  or 
building  in  which  had  lately  been  any  per- 
son sick  of  an  infectious  disease,  any  ar- 
ticle or  person  whatsoever,  nor  shall  any 
such  person  land  or  come  into  said  city, 
without  a permit  from  the  board  of 
health;  and  it  shall  be  no  excuse  tbat  such 
person  or  article  so  offending,  or  the  oc  - 
casion  of  offense,  has  passed  through 
quarantine,  or  has  a permit  from  uuy 
other  source  than  this  board. 


79 


c*o.<y- 

THE  SANITARY  CODE. 


Sec.  107.  No  owner,  pari  owner,  char- 
terer, agent,  or  consignee  of  any  vessel, 
or  any  officer  or  person  having  chargo  or 
control  of  the  same,  shall  allow  to  be 
cast  therefrom,  and  no  person  shall  cast 
; herefrom.  Into  any  public  waters  of  The 
City  of  New  York,  any  straw,  bedding, 
clothing,  or  other  substance. 

Harriagci,  Births  and  Deaths. 

Sec.  158.  It  sh'  1 be  the  duty  of  the 
clergymen,  magistrates  and  other  persons 
who  perform  the  marriage  ceremony  in 
The  City  of  Ne  • York,  to  keep  a registry 
of  the  marriages  celebrated  by  them, 
which  shall  contain,  as  near  as  the  same 
an  be  ascertained,  the  place  and  date  of 
marriage,  age,  color,  name  ami  surname 
of  the  parties  married,  birthplace,  resi- 
lience, number  of  marriage  and  condi- 
on  of  «ach,  whether  sirgle,  widowed, 
or  divorced,  the  occupation  of  the  groom, 
maiden  name  of  the  bride  if  a widow, 
tile  names  of  the  parents  of  each  and  the 
maiden  name  o fthe  mother  of  each.  And 
• very  person  authorized  by  law  to  per- 
oral the  ceremony  of  marriage  shall 
i -gister  his  or  her  name  and  address  in 
,j  i office  of  the  bureau  of  records. 

iee.  155.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
parents  of  any  child  born  in  3nld  city  (and 
f there  be  no  parent  alive  that  has  made 
auch  report,  then  of  the  next  of  kin  of 


office  of  the  bureau  of  records  of  said 
department. 

Sec.  161.  It  shall  be  the  fluty  of  every 
person  required  to  make  or  keep  a regis- 
try of  births,  marriages  or  deaths,  to 
present  to  the  bureau  of  records,  a copy 
of  such  registry  signed  by  such  person, 
within  ten  days  after  the  birth  or  mar- 
riage, and  within  thirty-six  hours  after 
the  death  of  any  person  to  whom  such 
registry  may  or  should  relate,  which  shall 
thereupon  be  placed  on  tile  in  the  said 
bureau. 

Sec.  1G2.  No  person  shall  make,  prepara, 
deliver  or  issue  any  false  certificate, 
statement  or  veport  of  a birth,  marriage 
or  death,  or  any  such  certificate,  state- 
ment or  report,  which  is  not  in  accord- 
ance with  the  facts  of  the  birth,  marriage 
or  death;  all  certificates,  statements  and 
reports  of  births,  marriages  or  deaths, 
shall  be  signed  by  the  person  purporting 
to  make  the  same,  and  no  person  shall 
sign  or  forge  the  name  of  another  to  any 
such  certificate,  statement  or  report. 
Transportation  of  Dend  Bodies. 

Sec.  163.  That  no  captain,  agent,  or 
person  having  charge  of  or  attached  to 
any  ferry-boat,  sailing,  or  other  vessel, 
nor  any  person  in  charge  of  any  car, 
stage,  or  other  vehicle,  or  public  or  pri- 
vate conveyance,  shall  convey  or  allow 
I to  bo  conveyed  thereon  or  by  any  means 


id  child  born),  and  of  every  person  > aforesaid,  nor  shall  any  person  convey  or 
present  at  such  birth,  within  ten  days  a!-  ; allow  to  be  carried  or  conveyed,  in  any 
-r  such  birth,  to  report  to  the  depart-  > manner,  from,  through,  into  or  within 
ment  of  health,  in  writing,  as  far  as  ; The  city  of  New  York,  the  dead  body  ol 


known,  the  date,  borough  and  street 
umber  of  said  birth,  and  the  name,  sex 
and  color  o!  such  child  bora,  and  the 
came,  residence,  birthplace  and  age  o- 
the  parents,  the  occupation  of  the  father. 
» od  the  maiden  name  of  the  mother.  It 
snail  be  the  duty  of  physicians  and  pro- 
fessional midwives  to  keep  a registry  of 
■'ie  several  births  in  which  they  have  as- 
?l*:*d  professionally,  which  shall  i-oata.n 
i he  date  of  birth,  borough,  street  and 


any  humau  being,  or  any  part  thereof, 
without  « permit  therefor  from  the  Board 
of  Health.  And  ihe  proper  coupon  for 
that  purpose  attached  to  any  such  per- 
mit, when  Issued,  shall  be  preserved  and 
returned  to  this  Department,  as  its  regu- 
lations may  require,  by  the  proper  officer 
or  person  on  each  boat  or  vessel,  and 
by  the  proper  person  in  charge  of  any 
train  of  cars  or  vehicle  on  which  any 
such  body  may  be  carried  from  said  city. 


street  number  where  such  birth ^ took  Provided,  however,  that  t.he  same  effect 

shall  be  given,  under  this  section,  to 
transit  permits  issued  severally  by  Boards 
of  Health  of  cities,  towns  or  villages  in 
the  State  of  New  York,  or  by  Boards  of 
Health  that  may  ho  hereafter  organized, 
pursuant  to  Daws  of  Ihe  Slate  of  Now 
York,  or  when  Issued  by  the  Health  Offi- 
cer of  any  such  city,  town  or  village,  as 
to  a transit  permit  Issued  from  this 
Board,  when  the  death  of  the  person 
named  in  the  permit  shall  have  occurred 
in  the  city,  town  or  village,  from  which 
such  permit  sliall  have  been  Issued.  And 
provided  that  the  some  effect  shall  be 
given  under  this  section  to  a transit  per- 
mit issued  under  the  laws  of  the  States  of 
MaiDe,  Connecticut  or  New  Jersey,  as  to 
a transit  permit  issued  by  this  Board; 
subject,  nevertheless,  in  every  case,  to  ail 
the  care,  precautions  and  diligence  pre- 
scribed by  the  rules  and  regulations  of 
of  Health  of 


place,  the  sex,  color  of  the  child,  and 
also,  as  near  as  the  same  can  he  ascer- 
tained, the  name  of  the  eald  child,  the 
number  of  previous  children  born  of  the 
mother,  the  number  now  living, 
the  name,  residence,  birthplace,  aud 
age  of  the  parents;  the  occupation 
of  the  father  and  the  maiden  namo  of  the 
mother;  and  to  file  a written  copy  of  the 
<ald  registry  of  birth  with  the  depart- 
ment of  health  In  the  borough  office  of 
♦ be  borough,  where  the  birth  occurred, 
within  ten  days  after  such  birth,  upon 
blank  forme  furnished  by  the  said  depart- 
ment. Physicians  and  midwives  shall  cer- 
tify they  attended  at  the  birth  so  re- 
■orted,  and  that  all  the  other  facts  stated 
n the  copy  of  the  said  registry  are  true 
<>  tbs  best  of  tbeir  knowledge,  lnforma- 
i on  and  belief. 

Sec.,  160.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
next  of  kin  of  any  person  deceased,  and 


of  each  being  with  sueffi  debased  the  Board  o.%  Department 

person  at  his  or  her  death,  to  report.  In  The  City  of  ^ ' art- 
writing,  to  the  depart  nc  nt  of  health.  S<  ' lb.,a  No  transit  pet 
within  five  days  after  am  h death,  the  granted  for  the  iemo\al  oi 


age,  color,  nativity,  last  occupation  and 
■ ause  of  death  of  such  deceased  person 
and  the  place  of  such  person’s  death  and 
last  residence.  Physicians  who  have  at- 
tended deceased  persons  In  their  last,  ill- 
ness shall  niako  and  preserve  a legist 


niit  shall  be 
burial  of  the 

remains  of  any  person  who  may  have  die! 
In  the  City  of  New  Yorlc.  unless  a cer- 
* tlflcate  o'  death,  made  out  upon  a blank 
form  furnished  by  this  Department  and 
signed  by  a physician  upon  whom  baa 
been  conferred  the  degree  of  Dortor  of 


of  stieh  death,  stating  the  cause  thereof  i Medicine,  bo  filed  In  Ihe  Bureau  of  Rec- 


and  specifying  the  date.  hour,  place  and 
street  number  of  such  death,  and  shall. 
In  the  report  of  the  death  of  such  per- 
sons. specify,  as  near  aa  the  same  nan  bn 
ascertained,  the  date  of  death.  sex.  name 
and  surname,  age.  occupation.  t'-rm  of 
residence  In  said  city,  place  of  nativity, 
(ondltlou  of  life,  whether  -lngl».  married, 
widowed  or  divorced,  tolor,  last  pla 


ordf.  of  this  Department. 

Sec.  16-1.  No  person  shall  retain,  ex- 
pose. or  allow  to  be  retained  or  exposed, 
the  dead  body  of  any  human  being  to  the 
peril  or  prejudice  of  the  life  or  health  of 
any  person. 

Sec  186.  No  person  shall  allow  to  be 
retained  unburied  the  dead  body  of  any 
human  being  for  a longer  time  than  four 


f residence,  the  names  and  blr  hpige*s  ' days  or  where  death  has  resulted  fiom 
f the  parents,  the  maiden  name  of  the  I small-pox,  diphtheria  (croup).  ► ■ arl-.f. 


mother,  and  th*  caus"  of  dea 
deceased  persons  an  J l bo  orov  rs  of  the 
y.  In  such  cases  as  an  inquel  may 
have  bean  hsld.  shall,  la  their  - ill  a *.-s 
-inform  to  the  requirements  of  this  i»  - 
tior. 

Every  physician  In  said  city  shall  >•- 

s sttr  his  or  btr  nsme  tui  sd-ires*  In  the 


of  such  I fever,  yellow  fever,  typhus  fever,  ria^ue, 
Asiatic  chole  v or  measles,  for  * longer 
lime  than  twenty-four  hum  -s . .•  f t •- :•  austh 
of  such  person,  without  » permit  hum 
the  sanitary  superintendent  or  s"  *»- 
distant  sanitary  superintendent  which 
pumlt  hall  specify  th"  length  ' ’i.ii*- 
Jurli  c ahi  'b  such  body  may  t»  i»;«'a»1 


unburied.  This  ordinance  skull  no-2  IJ?1!, 
to  bodies  retained  in  a ay  publio  Bt'cdfyuf 
In  The  City  of  New  York. 

Sec.  166.  It  shall  be  the  fluty  of  erne, 
person  who  has  discovered  or  seen  the 
body  of  a dead  httEaa’.*  being.  or  any  part 
thereof  (if  thsv*’  u reae.se,  S09  sack  per- 
son to  think  tea  t**>  fae  of  the  death, 
or  the  place  <*  9tt»c  bod/  « pas*  thereof, 
ia  not  publicly  known),  to  immediately 
communicate  to  the  bureau  of  records 
ihe  fact  of  such  discovery  of  such  body, 
the  place  where,  and  time  when,  the 
same  was  discovered  or  seen,  and  where 
the  same  is  or  may  be  found,  and  any 
facts  known  by  which  said  body  may  be 
identified,  or  the  cause  of  death  ascertained. 
Cemeteries. 

Sec.  167.  No  interment  of  the  dead  body 
of  any  human  being,  or  disposition  there- 
of in  any  tomb,  vault,  crematory,  or 
cemetery,  shall  be  made  within  The  City 
of  New  York,  without  a permit  therefor, 
granted  by  the  board  of  health,  nor 
otherwise  than  in  accordance  therewith, 
and  6aid  dead  body  shall  bo  placed  in  a 
metallic  or  tin-lined  box,  or  a box  so 
constructed  as  to  prevent  the  issuance  of 
any  liquids  therefrom;  and  no  sexton  or 
other  person  shall  assist  in,  or  assent  to. 
or  allow  any  such  intovment,  or  aid  or 
assist  about  preparing  any  grave  or 
place  of  deposit  for  any  such  body,  or 
assist  iu  the  cremation  of  the  same,  for 
■which  such  permit  has  not  been  given 
authorizing  the  same.  And  It  shall  be  the 
duty  of  every  person  who  shall  receive 
any  such  permit,  to  preservo  and  to  re- 
turn the  same  t,o  this  department,  as  its 
regulations  may  require. 

Sec.  IBS.  No  new  crematory,  hurviug- 
ground,  cemetery,  tomb,  or  vault  for  dead 
human  bodies  shall  be  established,  nor 
shall  the  remains  of  any  dead  body  b» 
placed  in  any  existing  burying-grouud. 
vault,  tomb,  or  cemetery  in  The  City  of 
New  York,  nor  any  of  said  receptacles  be 
opened,  exposed,  or  disturbed,  except  ac- 
cording to  the  terms  of  a permit  thereto  r 
given  by  the  board  of  health,  and  every 
body  buried  in  any  such  place  shall  b* 
buried  to  the  depth  of  six  feet  below  the 
surface  of  the  ground,  and  four  feet  be 
low  auy  closely  adjacent  street,  except 
that  in  the  Borough  of  Queens  a Dody 
may  be  buried  to  the  depth  of  threa  feet 
below  the  surface  of  the  ground. 

No  food,  beverage,  or  o#her  article  for 
human  consumption  shall  be  sold,  ex- 
posed or  offered  for  sale  in  any  ceme 
tery  or  burylng-ground  within  The  City  of 
New  York. 

Sec.  169.  Every  person  who  acts  as  a 
sexton  or  undertaker  In  The  City  of  New 
York,  or  has  the  charge  or  caro  of  any 
crematory,  vault,  tomb,  burying  ground, 
or  cemetery  for  the  reception  of  the  dead, 
or  where  the  bodies  of  any  human  beings 
are  deposited,  shall  cause  his  or  her 
name  and  residence,  and  the  nature  of 
his  or  her  charge  and  duties,  to  be  reg- 
istered with  this  department. 

Sec.  170.  Every  sexton  and  other  pci- 
son  having  charge  of  eny  crematory, 
hurylng-grouad.  cemetery,  tomb  or  v*u1< 
in  The  City  of  New  York,  shall,  before 
twelve  o'clock  on  Monday  of  each  week, 
i make  return  to  this  department  of  the 
bode  s and  persons  burled  or  cremated 
since  their  last  return,  and  in  such  form, 
and  specifying  such  particulars,  as  the 
special  regulations  of  this  dopartmam 
shall  require. 

Coroner*. 

See.  171.  At  least  two  hours  before  th. 
holding  of  any  Inquest  within  The  City  of 
New  York  upon  a dend  body,  the  coroner 
who  has  been  notified  of  any  death,  or 
who  may  propose  or  intend  to  hold  suco 
Inquest,  shall  transmit  and  cause  to  b* 
delivered  to  the  bureau  of  records  wrlt- 
ton  notice  containing  the  following  facts 
*o  far  as  known  or  reported  to  any  such 
coroner; 

I The  fact  of  eny  such  call  for  tbs 
rijijing  of  an  Inquest,  and  by  whom  mala. 

I when  and  from  whom  received  by  th* 

r The  place  (glvinr  th*  street  and 
number,  and  If  there  br  sons. 
..’otr  particulars)  » here  (he  body 


80 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  The  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


S.  What  is  reported  to  be  the  cause  of 
the  death. 

4.  When  and  where  the  death  took 
place,  and  where  the  body  has  since  been. 

5.  When  and  where  he  proposes  to  hold 
the  inquest,  giving  the  street,  the  street 
number  (or  otherwise  sufficiently  desig- 
nating such  place),  and  the  hour. 

6.  What  physician,  or  physicians,  or 
other  professional  person  last  attended 
such  deceased  person,  or  attended  such 
person  withiu  forty-eight  hours  of  such 
decease. 

At  any  time  after  the  commencement 
of  any  inquest,  the  coroner  holding  or 
who  should  hold,  or  who  held  such  in- 
quest, shall  within  twelve  hours  after  the 
receipt  of  a written  request  so  to  do  from 
the  sanitary  superintendent,  answer  in 
writing  such  of  the  following  or  such 
other  questions  as  may  be  propounded  to 
him  by  the  said  sanitary  superintendent 
to  the  best  of  his  knowledge,  information, 
and  belief. 

Report  of  coroner  (here  insert  cor- 
oner’s name)  upon  the  body  of  (here  fill 
In  name  or  description  of  deceased),  on 
the  (-here  fill  year,  month,  and  day),  at 
(here  mention  street  and  number). 

1.  What  was  the  age,  sex,  and  last  oc- 
cupation. residence,  aDd  nativity  of  such 
deceased  person? 

2.  At  what  house  or  place,  and  in  or 
near  what  street  or  avenue,  at  what  num- 
ber therein  did  such  deceased  person  die? 

3.  If  such  deceased  person  died  of  any 
poison,  when  and  where  was  the  same 
administered,  and  what  was  the  kind  of 
poison  ? 

4.  If  such  deceased  person  died  of  vio- 
lence, when  and  where  was  the  same 
committed,  and  upon  what  part  of  the 
body  and  organs,  and  of  what  did  it  con- 
sist? 

5.  If  such  deceased  person  died  of  any 
other  cause,  state  such  cause,  and  when 
and  where  the  cause  took  effect  upon  or 
was  received  by  the  deceased? 

6.  Who  was  last  in  care  of  or  with  such 
deceased  parson,  and  at  what  place  and 
at  what  time  before  death,  and  when, 
giving  the  full  name  and  residence  of 
each  such  person. 

V.  What  were  the  name  and  residence 
of  the  physician  and  persons  who  last  at- 
tended. and  of  each  physician  and  person 
■who  within  forty-eight  hours  of  such 
death  attended  upon  such  deceased  per- 
son. and  where  did  he  so  attend;  and 
whether  said  physician  was  notified  of  or 
attended  and  was  examined  at  such  in- 
quest? 

8.  The  times,  places,  and  dates  of  hold- 
ing the  inquest,  and  the  names  and  resi- 
dences by  street  number  of  the  jurors 
and  witnesses  that  atteuded,  and  dates 
of  their  attendance,  and  when  and  where 
the  body  of  the  deceased  was  present  at 
such  inquest? 

9.  Was  any  post-mortem  examination 
made,  and  if  so,  when,  where,  and  by 
whom,  and  who  was  present  thereat? 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  all  coroners  In 
said  city  to  make  return  to  the  bureau 
of  records  of  all  inquisitions  by  them 
taken,  except  when  by  law  such  inquests 
are  required  to  be  filed  elsewhere,  and 
such  return  shall  include  the  evidence 
taken  on  such  inquest,  and  the  verdict  of 
the  jury,  and  the  full  names  and  resi- 
dences of  the  several  jurymen. 

And  in  all  cases  where  the  inquest  may 
be  required  by  law  to  be  filed  elsewhere 
such  eoroDer  shall  make  return  to  said 
bureau  of  a copy  of  such  inquest,  includ- 
ing a copy  of  such  evidence  and  verdict; 

all  such  returns  shall  be  made  within 
forty-eight  hours  after  the  holding  of  anv 
and  every  Inquest. 

Railroad  Cars. 

Sec.  173.  Each  and  every  car  used  upon 
any  railroad  in  The  City  of  New  York  for 
the  carrying  of  passengers  shall,  on  each 
and  every  day  on  which  it  may  bo  used, 
be  carefully  and  thoroughly  cleaned,  so 
that  all  refuse,  dirt  and  filth  are  removed 
from  the  insido  of  said  car. 

Sec.  174.  No  person  shall  at.  any  time 
carry  or  convey  in  or  upon  any  passenger 
railroad  car,  nor  shall  any  conductor  or 
person  tn  charge  of  any  such  railroad 


car  permit  or  allow  to  be  carried  or  con- 
veyed in  or  upon  such  car,  except  on  the 
front  platform  thereof,  any  soiled  or  dirty 
articles  of  clothing  or  bedding. 

Sec  175.  Every  car  used  for  the  carrying 
of  passengers  in  The  City  of  New  York 
shall  be  constructed  so  as  to  provide  and 
secure  at  all  times  good,  adequate  and 
sufficient  ventilation. 

Sec.  177.  No  conductor,  driver,  gripman, 
or  motorman  of  any  railroad  car  or  other 
vehicle  running  on  tracks  in  The  City  of 
New  York  shall  permit,  allow  or  cause  the 
same  to  be  run.  pulled,  drawu  or  pro- 
pelled on. or  around  any  curve  on  the 
surface  of  any  public  street  or  avenue 
of  said  city  unless  the  means  and  appli- 
ances by  which  said  car  is  operated  and 
controlled  are  of  such  character  and 
efficiency  that  the  movement  of  said  car 
is  entirely  and  at  ail  times  under  abso- 
lute control,  so  that  the  cm'  can  be 
stopped  at  will  at  any  point  of  said 
curve,  and  be  held  motionless  upon  it  or 
be  moved  upon  it  or  around  it  at  any 
desired  rate  of  speed  less  than  the  maxi- 
mum speed  of  operation;  and  no  person, 
corporation,  superintendent,  or  other  per- 
son who  is  interested  in  or  who  owns  or 
has  the  management  and  control  of  any 
such  car  or  vehicle,  shall  permit  it  to  be 
so  run,  pulled,  drawn  or  propelled,  or 
placed  in  service,  unless  properly  pro- 
vided with  means  and  appliances  as 
aforesaid.  No  conductor,  driver,  gripman 
or  motorman  of  any  railroad  car  or  other 
vehicle  running  on  tracks  in  The  City  of 
New  York,  shall  permit,  allow  or  cause 
the  same  to  be  run.  pulled,  drawn  or  pro- 
pelled on  or  around  any  curve  on  the 
surface  of  any  public  street  or  avenue  at 
a rate  of  speed  which  is  dangerous  or 
detrimental  to  life,  and  no  person,  cor- 
poration, superintendent  or  other  person 
who  is  interested  in  or  who  owns  or  has 
the  management  and  control  of  any  such 
car  or  vehicle  shall  permit,  it  to  bo  so 
run.  pulled,  drawn  or  propelled. 

Spittinw. 

Sec.  178.  Spitting  upon  the  sidewalk  of 
any  public  street,  avenue,  park,  public 
square  or  place  in  The  City  of  New  York, 
or  upon  the  floor  of  any  hall  in  any  tene- 
ment house  which  is  used  in  common  by 
the  tenants  thereof,  or  upon  the  floor  of 
any  hall  or  office  in  any  hotel  or  lodging 
house  which  is  used  in  common  by  the 
guests  thereof,  or  upon  the  floor  of  any 
theater,  store,  factory  or  of  any  build- 
ing .which  is  used  in  common  by  the  pub- 
lic. or  upon  the  floor  of  any  ferryboat, 
railroad  car  or  other  public  conveyance, 
or  upon  the  floor  of  any  ferry  house, 
depot  or  station,  or  upon  the  station 
platform  or  stairs  of  any  elevated  rail- 
road or  other  common  carrier,  or  into 
the  street  from  the  cars,  stairs  or  plat- 
forms of  the  elevated  railroad,  is  hereby 
forbidden. 

The  corporations  or  persons  owning  or 
having  tho  management  or  control  of  any 
such  building,  store,  factory,  ferryboat, 
railroad  ear  or  other  public  conveyance, 
ferry  house,  depot  or  station,  station 
platform  or  stairs  of  any  elevated  rail- 
road or  other  common  carrier,  are  here- 
by required  to  keep  permanently  posted 
in  each  or  said  places  a sufficient  number 
of  notices  forbidding  spitting  upon  the 
floors  and  calling  attention  to  the  pro- 
visions of  this  section. 

It  is  hereby  made  tho  duty  of  every 
corporation  or  person  engaged  in  the 
manufacture  of  cigars,  cigarettes  or  to- 
bacco. or  conducting  the  business  of 
printing  in  The  City  of  New  York,  where 
ten  or  more  persons  are  employed  on  the 
premises,  to  provide  proper  receptacles 
for  expectoration.  Such  receptacles  are  to 
be  in  proportion  of  one  for  every  two 
persons  so  employed,  and  they  are  to  he 
cleansed  and  disinfected  at  least  once 
every  twenty-four  hours. 

A copy  of  the  preceding  paragraph  must 
be  kept  posted  in  a conspicuous  place  in 
every  factory  or  printing  office  mentioned 
therein. 

Dnrbcr  Shop*. 

Sec.  179.  Every  barber  shop  In  The  City 
of  New  York  shall  bo  conducted  tn  ac- 
cordance with  regulations  adopted  from 


time  to  time  by  the  board  of  health.  A 
copy  of  such  regulations  must  be  posted 
in  a conspicuous  place  in  every  such  bar- 
ber shop. 

Soisc. 

Sec.  180.  No  persoD  owning,  occupy- 
ing or  having  charge  of  any  building  or 
premises  shall  keep  or  allow  thereon  or 
therein  any  animal  or  bird,  which  shall 
by  noise  disturb  the  quiet  or  repose 'of 
any  person  therein  or  in  the  vicinity,  to 
the  detriment  of  the  life  or  health  of  any 
human  being. 

Smoke. 

See.  181.  No  person  shall  cause,  suffer 
or  allow  dense  smoke  to  be  discharged 
from  any  building,  vessel,  stationary  or 
locomotive  engine,  place  or  premises 
within  The  City  of  New  York,  or  upon 
the  waters  adjacent  thereto,  within  the 
Jurisdiction  of  said  city.  All  persons 
participating  In  any  violation  of  this  pro- 
vision. either  as  proprietors,  owners,  ten- 
ants, managers,  superintendents,  cap- 
tains, engineers,  firemen  or  otherwise, 
shall  be  severally  liable  therefor. 
Cocaine. 

Sec.  182.  No  cocaine  or  salt  of  cocaine, 
either  alone  or  in  combination  with  other 
substances,  shall  be  sold  at  retail  by  any 
person  in  the  City  of  New  York  except 
upon  the  prescription  of  a physician. 

Milk  Receptacle*. 

Sec.  183.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  all 
persons  having  In  their  possession  bot- 
tles, cans  or  other  receptacles  containing 
milk  or  cream,  which  are  used  In  the 
transportation  and  delivery  of  milk  or 
cream,  to  clean  or  cause  them  to  be 
cleaned  immediately  upon  emptying. 

No  person  shall  use  or  cause  or  allow 
to  he  used  any  receptacle  which  is  used 
in  the  transportation  and  delivery  of 
milk  or  cream  for  any  purpose  whatso- 
ever other  than  the  holding  of  milk  or 
cream;  nor  shall  any  person  receive  or 
have  in  his  possession  any  such  recep- 
lacle  which  has  not  been  washed  after 
holding  milk  or  cream  or  which  i»  un- 
clean in  any  way. 

Mid  wive*. 

See.  184.  No  person  other  than  * 
licensed  ohyaician  shall  practice  midwif- 
ery in  the  City  of  New  York  without  a 
permit  of  the  board  of  health  authoriz- 
ing such  practice,  and  no  person  unless 
authorized  by  la  •'  to  do  so  shall  conduct 
a lying-in  hospital,  home,  or  place  for  the 
care  of  pregnant  and  parturient  women, 
or  advertise,  offer,  or  undertake  'to  re- 
ceive and  eare  for  them  at  such  place, 
or  at  his  home  without  a permit  from 
the  board  of  health. 

Oysters. 

Sec.  185.  No  oysters  shall  be  held, 
kept  or  offered  for  sale  anywhere  in  the 
City  of  New  York,  without  a permit  ,in 
writing  from  the  board  of  health,  and 
subject  to  the  rules  and  regulations  of 
said  board. 

Tents  In  tlie  City. 

Sec.  186.  No  tent  stall  be  raised  or 
erected  nor  shall  any  camp  be  established 
in  the  City  of  New  York. to  be  used  or 
occupied  by  any  person  as  a place  for 
living  or  sleeping  unless  adequate  privies 
or  v.aterclosets  and  a proper  system  of 
refuse  disposal  be  provided  in  connection 
therewith,  approved  by  the  Board  of 
Health;  nor  shall  any  such  tent  or  camp 
be  used  or  occupied  without  a permit 
in  writing  from  said  Board  subject  to  the 
conditions  thereof  The  application  for 
said  permit  shall  state  tho  number  of 
tents  or  camps  to  be  erected  or  estab- 
lished, together  with  the  location  there- 
of; the  kind,  number  and  situation  of 
privies  or  wafereloset  accommodations, 
and  the  method  or  means  to  be  provided 
for  disposing  of  refuse. 

Smoking  In  Sntnvnyi, 

Sec.  1ST.  Smoking  or  carrying  any  light- 
ed cigar,  cigarette  or  pipe,  in  or  upon  any 
stairway,  platform,  station  or  car  of  aoy 
railway  maintained,  operated  or  running 
underneath  the  ground  surface,  is  hereby 
prohibited. 


LODGING  HOUSE  REGULATIONS 

ADOPTED  FEBRUARY  7,  1911 


At  r meeting  of  the  Board  of  Health 
of  the  Department  of  Health,  held  Feb- 
ruary 7,  1911,  the  following  resolution 
was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  rules  and  regula- 
tions for  the  operation  of  lodging  houses 
in  The  City  of  New  York,  adopted  by  the 
Board  of  Health  March  27,  1907.  be  and 
the  same  are  hereby  amended  so  as  to 
read  as  follows: 

1.  The  applicant,  must  file  with  the 
Department,  In  duplicate,  a written  ap- 
plication. dated,  signed  by  himself,  and 
correctly  setting  forth: 

a.  The  full  name  and  address  of  the 
proprietor  of  the  lodging  house  and  of 
the  owner  of  the  premises: 

b.  The  location  of  the  lodging  house; 

r.  Whether  or  not  the  building  or  any 

part  thereof  was  used  as  a lodging  house 
prior  to  January  1,  1898; 

d.  The  portions  of  the  building  it  is 
Intended  to  use  as  a lodging  house. 

2.  The  applicant  must  file  with  the 
Department  a certificate  from  the  Bureau 
of  Buildings  and  from  the  Fire  Depart- 
ment to  the  effect  that  the  said  premises 
are  in  compliance  with  the  Charter  and 
with  the  regulations  of  the  said  Bureau 
of  Buildings  and  Fire  Department  appli- 
cable to  the  said  premises  as  a lodging 
house. 

3.  After  the  application  for  a lodging 
house  permit  Is  made,  the  premises  must 
be  inspected  by  an  employee  of  the  De- 
partment of  Health,  who  shall  report, 

in  writing,  as  to 

a.  The  character,  construction  and  size 
of  the  building: 

b.  Whether  or  not  the  building  is  con- 
nected with  street  sewer; 

c.  Number,  location  and  dimensions  of 
each  sleeping  room; 

d.  Number  and  size  of  outside  win- 
dows in  each  sleeping  room; 

e.  Other  Tentilatlon,  If  any.  In  each 
sleeping  room; 

f.  Number  of  water-closets  on  each 
floor; 

g.  Number  of  set  washbasins  on  each 
floor; 

h.  Number  and  description  of  all  bath- 
ing apparatus  on  each  floor. 

PERMITS. 

No  owner  of  a building  containing 
rooms  In  any  one  of  which  there  are 
more  than  three  beds  for  the  use  of 

lodgers,  or  In  which  mor*  than  six  per- 
sons are  allowed  to  sleep,  shall  allow 
any  part  thereof  to  ho  uaed  as  a lodg- 
ing house  unless  the  Department  of 

Health  shall  have  Issued  a permit  for 
that  purpose  and  unless  such  permit  re- 
mains in  force. 

No  keeper  of  a lodging  house  contain- 
ing rooms  In  any  ono  of  which  there  are 
more  than  three  beds  for  the  use  of 

lodgers,  or  In  which  more  than  six  per- 
sons are  allowed  to  sleep,  shall  receive 
lodgers  therein,  unless  he  has  received 
a permit  from  the  Department  of  Health 
and  unless  such  permit  remains  In  force. 

No  keeper  of  a lodging  house  contain- 
ing rooms  In  any  one  of  which  there  are 
more  than  three  beds  for  the  use  of  lodg- 
ers, or  In  which  more  than  alx  persons 
sre  allowed  to  sleep,  shall  receive  lodg- 
ers therein,  without  displaying  continu- 
ously end  conspicuously.  In  the  ofllce  or 
hall  thereof,  a strait  tor  that  purpoae 


by  the  Department  of  Health;  such  pef- 
mit  shall  be  valid  only  for  the  premises 
and  for  the  period  described  therein. 

NUMBER  OK  DODGERS  PERMITTED. 

No  keeper  of  a lodging  house  contain- 
ing rooms  in  any  one  of  which  there  are 
more  than  three  beds  for  the  use  of  lodg- 
ers, or  in  which  more  than  six  persons 
arc  allowed  to  sleep,  shall  receive  lodg- 
ers therein,  without  displaying  continu- 
ously and  conspicuously  in  each  sleeping 
room  a card  issued  for  said  room  by  the 
Department  of  Health,  setting  forth  the 
greatest  number  of  lodgers  it  is  per- 
mitted to  accommodate  in  said  room,  and 
also  a copy  of  these  and  such  other  rules 
and  regulations  as  the  said  Department 
may  require  to  be  thus  displayed. 

No  keeper  of  a lodging  house  shall  ac- 
commodate in  any  sleeping  room  thereof 
a number  of  lodgers  greater  than  the 
number  set  forth  on  the  card  issued  for 
said  room  by  said  Department,  nor  shall 
he  accommodate  any  lodger  in  any  room 
in  which  a card  duly  issued  therefor  is 
not  displayed  as  above  described. 

VENTILATION. 

In  every  lodging  house  each  room  shall 
be  adequately  ventilated  as  required  by 
law  and  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  De- 
partment of  Health. 

In  every  sleeping  room  there  shall  bo 
provided  not  less  than  400  cubic  feet  of 
air  space  per  bed. 

Neither  .side  of  any  bod  shall  be  at  any 
time  nearer  than  two  feet  to  the  side  of 
any  other  bed. 

All  beds  shall  be  so  arranged  that  the 
air  (shall  circulate  freely  under  each  of 
them. 

In  the  rase  of  all  lodging  houses  for 
which  permits  are  for  the  first  time  ap- 
plied for  after  the  year  19X0,  no  beds  or 
bunks  shall  be  placed  one  above  anotner. 

AIRING,  ETC. 

Except  when  extreme  severity  of  the 
weather  prevents,  all  windows  of  sleeping 
rooms,  water-closets,  washrooms  and 
bathrooms  shall  be  kept  open  at  least 
one  foot  at  the  bottom  and  one  foot  at 
the  top.  from  10  A.M.  ,o  2 P.M.  dally. 

Beds  occupied  at  night  shall  be  va- 
1 cater]  by  10  A.M.  and  the  bedding  thereof 
shall  be  turned  over  and  exposed  to  the 
air  from  10  A.M.  to  2 P.M.  dally. 

For  the  accommodation  of  lodgers 
I working  by  night,  special  beds  or  rooms 
(shall  be  «e t apart  for  their  use  during 
the  day,  but  the  bedding  of  such  beds 
must  be  turned  over  anrl  exposed  to  the 
! air  In  a room  with  outside  windows,  open 
as  above  described,  for  at  least  four  con- 
secutive hours  dally. 

Only  servants  at  work  or  day  sleepers 
I that  work  at  nigh*  nhall  be  allowed  In 
i sleeping  rooms  be. ween  10  A.M.  and  2 
; P M. 

BED*  AND  BEDDING. 

In  every  lodging  house  there  shall  b 
I provided  for  each  lodger  h separate  he 
■ with  bedstead,  bedding  and  bedclothe 
, satisfactory  to  the  Department  of  Healli 

All  mattresses  shall  be  provided  wit 
j waterproof  coverings  end  shall  be  so  at 
( ranged  so  as  to  bo  at  all  times  sasii 
t ?ap*et«  e*  uoroqj..  •aspeerlew. 


All  beds,  bedding,  mattresses  and  pil- 
lows shall  always  be  kept  clean  and  fre* 
from  vermin. 

Sheets  and  pillowcases  shall  be  kept  In 
a condition  clean  and  satisfactory  to  the 
Department  of  Heaitr. 

In  the  case  of  all  lodging  houses  for 
which  permits  are  for  the  first  time  ap- 
plied for  after  the  year  1910,  the  frames 
of  all  beds  be  of  metal. 

CUBICLES. 

All  cubicles  shall  be  so  constructed 
that  the  partitions  thereof  shall  not  ex- 
tend higher  than  seven  feet  above  the 
floor,  and  there  shall  be  a space  of  at. 
least  six  inches  between  the  bottom  of 
such  partitions  and  the  floor. 

In  every  sleeping  room  all  windows 
opening  to  the  outer  air  shall  be  sep- 
arated from  any  cubicle  in  such  room  by 
an  unobstructed  corridor  of  a width  sat- 
isfactory to  the  Department  of  Health. 

WATER-CLOSETS. 

In  every  lodging  house  there  shall  be 
provided  water-closets  in  the  ratio  of  at 
least  one  water-closet  to  every  fifteen 
bods  or  fraction  thereof. 

In  every  lodging  house  for  which  a per- 
mit shall  be  first  applied  for  after  Feb- 
ruary 1.  1911,  there  shall  be  provided  at 
least  one  water-closet  on  each  floor,  and 
water-closets  shall  be  provided  on  every 
floor  in  the  ratio  of  : least  one  to  every 
fifteen  beds  or  fraction  thereof  on  such 
floors. 

Every  water-closet  shall  be  properly 
ventilated  by  an  unobstructed  opening  to 
the  outer  air. 

No  gas  or  offensive  odors  shall  he  al- 
lowed to  escape  from  any  water-closet, 
sewer  or  outlet  In  o any  sleeping  room 
or  part  thereof.  Each  water-closet  shall 
be  provided  with  a eelf-closiug  door, 
which  shall  be  cut  away  at  the  bottom  so 
as  to  provide  adequate  ventilation. 

In  no  lodging  house  shall  any  person 
be  allowed  to  sleep  In  a room  In  which 
there  Is  a water-closet. 

In  every  lodging  house  for  which  a per- 
mit shall  be  first  applied  for  after  Feb- 
ruary 1.  1911,  there  shall  be  provided  at 
least  one  washroom  on  each  floor. 

Iu  every  lodging  house  there  shall  he 
provided  washrooms  with  running  water, 
set  washbasins  or  other  individual  wash- 
ing appliances  satisfactory  In  character 
to  the  Department  if  Health.  Such  indi- 
vidual appliances  shall  be  provided  in 
proportion  to  the  number  of  beds  in  the 
lodging  house,  as  follows:  One  such  ap- 
pliance for  every  tcD  beds  or  fraction 
thereof. 

B ATlIfi. 

In  every  lodging  house  shower  baths 
shall  be  provided  in  the  ratio  of  at  Ivast 
one  shower  bath  for  every  fifty  beds  or 
fraction  thereof,  or  tub  baths  shall  be 
provided  In  the  ratio  of  at.  least  ono  tub 
bath  to  every  twenty-five  beds  or  fraction 
thereof. 

All  such  baths  shall  be  provided  with 
hot  and  cold  running  water  and  shall  he 
at  all  times  accessible  for  the  use  of 
lodgers  free  of  charge. 

WATER  AND  TOWELS. 

In  every  lodging  house  there  shall  h* 
at  all  times  provided  for  the  uss  of  k>df- 


t 


82 


LODGING  HOUSE  REGULATIONS 


ers,  free  of  charge,  an  adequate  supply 
of  water  and  clean  towels. 

FLOORS  AND  WALLS  OF  WATER- 
CLOSETS,  ETC. 

In  every  lodging  house  the  floors  of  all 
water-closets,  -washrooms  and  bathrooms, 
and  the  walls  thereof  to  a height  of  at 
least  four  feet  above  the  floor,  shall  be 
constructed  of  such  durable,  waterproof 
material  as  may  be  approved  by  the  De- 
partment of  Health. 

CLEANLINESS. 

Every  lodging  house  and  every  part 
thereof  shall  be  at  all  times  kept  clean 
and  free  from  dirt,  filth,  garbage  and 
rubbish  in  or  on  the  premises  belonging 
to  or  connected  with  the  same. 

All  water-closets,  washbasins,  baths, 
windows,  fixtures,  fittings  and  painted 
surfaces  shall  be  at  all  times  kept  thor- 
oughly clean  and  in  good  repair. 

The  floors,  walls  and  ceilings  of  all 
rooms,  passage  and  stairways  must  be  at 
all  times  kept  clean  and  in  good  repair. 

If  painted  with  oil,  all  walls  and  ceil- 
ings shall  be  thoroughly  washed  with  soap 


and  water  at  least  twice  yearly,  and  at 
such  other  times  as  the  Department  of 
Health  may  direct. 

SPITTING  AND  CUSPIDORS. 

In  each  hall,  room,  cubicle,  water- 
closet,  washroom  and  bathroom  of  every 
lodging  house  there  shall  be  provided  a 
sufficient  number  of  cuspidors  or  spit- 
toons. 

- In  every  such  room,  etc.,  there  shall  be 
continuously  and  conspicuously  displayed 
a sign,  “Spitting  forbidden  except  in 
proper  receptacles." 

All  such  cuspidors  and  spittoons  shall 
be  of  durable  waterproof  material  and 
shall  be  thoroughly  cleaned  at  least  once 
daily,  and  shall  be  at  all  times  main- 
tained in  a condition  satisfactory  to  the 
Department  of  Health. 

FUMIGATION. 

In  every  lodging  house  all  sleeping 
rooms  shall  he  fumigated  at  least  once 
every  two  weeks,  or  at  such  shorter  in- 
tervals as  the  Department  of  Health  may 
direct. 


ILLNESS. 

It  shall  he  the  duty  of  the  keeper, 
agent  or  owner  of  every  lodging  house  to 
immediately  report  to  the  Department  of 
Health  the  occurrence  of  any  illness  la 
such  house. 

NO  WOMEN  OR  CHILDREN  LODGED. 

In  no  lodging  house  in  which  men  are 
lodged  shall  any  woman  or  girl  be  lodged 
or  any  boy  under  the  age  of  sixteen  years, 
unless  accompanied  by  his  father  or  legal 
male  guardian. 

ISOLATION  ROOM. 

In  every  lodging  house  there  shall  bo 
set  apart  at  least  one  room,  satisfactory 
to  the  Department  of  Health,  which  shall 
be  reserved  at  all  times  as  a place  in 
which  any  lodger  falling  ill  at  said  house 
may  be  isolated. 

Any  failure  on  the  part  of  the  keeper 
of  the  lodging  house  to  comply  strictly 
with  the  Laws  of  the  State  of  New  York 
and  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  De- 
partment of  Health,  may  result  In  th® 
revocation  of  the  permit. 


R.  A.  BACHIA  y CA. 


MANUFACTURERS  OF 

HAVANA 

CIGARS 

83  Walker  St. 

NEW  YORK 


Our  Brand,  Renowned  for  Quality  and  Uniformity,  is  Stocked  by  the  Best  Clubs  and  Hotels. 


GARAGE  REGULATIONS 

I ^ 

>VITH  ALL  AMENDMENTS  TO  DATE. 


Resolution  adopted  at  a meeting  ot  the  Municipal  Explosives  Commission  held  at  the  Headquarters  of  the  Fire  De- 
partment, City  of  New  York,  December  20th,  1905,  amending  the  regulations  of  the  Municipal  Explosives  Commission,  and 
•atabllshing  Oarage  Regulations  for  the  City  of  New  York. 

Resolved,  That  sections  thirty-eight,  thirty-nine,  forty  and  forty-one  of  part  seven  ot  the  regulations  of  the  Municipal 
Explosive*  Commission  be  and  are  hereby  repealed;  and  be  it  further  resolved  that  the  Regulations  of  the  Municipal 
Explosives  Commission  be  and  are  hereby  amended  by  adding  new  part  number  ten,  to  be  known  as  the  Garage  Regula- 
tions ot  the  City  of  New  York,  and  to  read  as  follows:  «—>■*  i — ..n..  — ... — 


PART  X. 

GARAGE  REGULATIONS. 

Title. 

Section  1.  These  regulations  shall  be 
known  as  the  Garage  Regulations  of  the 
City  of  New  York. 

Definitions. 

Sec.  2.  Certain  word3  used  in  these 
regulations  are  defined  for  the  purpose 
thereof  as  follows: 

(1)  "Approved”  means  approved  by  | 
the  Fire  Commissioner. 

(2)  "Volatile  inflammable  liquid”  is  any  J 
liquid  that  will  emit  an  inflammable  j 
vapor  at  a temperature  below  100  F. 
when  tested  in — 

fa)  The  open  air,  or— 

fb)  The  closed  pyrometer  of  Giuseppe 
Tagiiahue. 

(?,)  An  "Automobile"  is  any  self-pro- 
pelling vehicle. 

M)  A "garage”  is— 

(a)  That  portion  ot  a building  in 
which  any  automobile  carrying  volatile 
inflammable  liquid  is  kept,  whether  said 
automobile  be  kept  for  use,  for  sale,  for 
rental,  for  exhibition,  or  for  demon- 
atrating  purposes,  and 

(b)  All  that  portion  of  a building  that 
Is  on  or  below  the  floor  or  floors  on  which 
so  automobile  carrying  a volatile  in- 
flammable liquid  is  kept,  aud  is  not 
separated  therefrom  by  tight,  unpierced 
fire-walls  and  floors. 

Aolhorlfy  for  «he*e  rfgnlsl  Ion*. 

Sec,  3.  These  regulations  are  estab- 
l »h»d  under  aulhoritv  of  two  separate  ; 
ordinances  adopted  by  the  Board  of 
Aldermen  May  13th,  1902.  and  approved 
hr  the  Mayor  May  19th.  1902.  each  en- 
titled "An  ordinance  to  regulate  the 
*»|e,  use  and  transports' ion  of  explo- 
sives in  the  City  nf  New  lork." 

Prohibitions. 

Sec.  4.  An  automobile  carrying  a vola- 
tile Inflammable  liquid  shall  not  be 
placed  In  a building  that  has  not  hern 
licensed  as  a garage  by  the  Fire  Com- 
missioner. 

Section  5.  violation,  a in  lade  in  eon  or. 

Section  33#  of  the  Penal  Code  provides 
that  "A  person  who  makes  or  keeps  gun- 
powder, nltro-glycei  Ine.  or  any  other  ex- 
plosive or  combustible  material,  within  a| 
city  or  village,  or  carries  such  material' 
through  the  streets  thereof.  In  » quantity! 
or  manner  prohibited  by  law  or  by  ordi-  j 
nance  of  the  city  or  village,  is  guilty  of 
a mtsdf meaner. ” 

lei  r+nu+m. 

Section  6 (As  amended).  Licenses— 

Licenses  shall — 

(1)  Be  Issued— 

fa)  Ry  the  Are  commissioner: 

(bi  Subject  toall  the  conditions  ofth»-e 
('gulatiocs,  and  such  further  restriction* 


as  the  Are  commissioner  may  deem  neces- 
sary. 

(c)  For  the  term  during  which  all  the 
conditions  and  restrictions  are  strictly 
observed,  for  the  period  of  one  year; 

(2)  Terminate  immediately  on  any  vio- 
lation of  these  regulations  or  the  restric- 
tions imposed  by  the  Are  commissioner; 

(3)  Be  revoked  by  the  fire  commissioner 
should  he  deem  that  the  interest  of  pub- 
lic safety  so  demands: 

(4)  Not  to  be  issued  for  a building- 

fa)  Occupied  in  any  part  as  a dwelling, 
a hospital,  a theater,  a church,  a school, 
or  as  a hoarding,  lodging,  or  tenement 
house — the  only  exception  to  this  provis- 
ion is  that  a license  may  be  granted  for 
a private  garage  in  a building  occupied 
in  part  as  a dwelling  by  the  family  of  an 
owner,  a lessee  or  an  employe;  but  in 
case  the  said  building  in  which  the  pri- 
vate garage  is  to  be  located  is  of  fire- 
proof construction  throughout,  and  the 
living  apartments  separated  from  the 
garage  by  unpierced  fireproof  walls  and 
floors,  the  same  may  be  occupied  by  two 
families,  each  of  which  shall  be  the  fami- 
ly of  an  owner,  a lessee  or  an  employe 
of  the  licensee: 

(b)  Where,  at  any  one  time,  more  than 
ten  people  congregate  in  a portion  of  the 
building  that  is  outside  of  the  garage 
and  is  not  separated  therefrom  by  un- 
pierced approved  fire  walls  and  floors; 

(c)  Where  all  sewer  connections  from 
washstands  and  sinks  are  not  provided 
with  an  approved  oil  trap  with  a glass 
gauge  pipe  and  a draw-off  cock,  in  a 
readily  accessible  place. 

(6)  Not  authorize  the  keeping  of  more 
than — 

fa  i Ten  gallons  of  volaiile  Inflammable 
liquid  in  approved  safety  cans, 

fb)  Thirteen  hundred  and  seventy-five 
gallons  f2.">  barrels)  of  volaiile  inflam- 
mable liquid  in  underground  storage 
tanks. 

(c)  One  hundred  and  twenty  pounds  of 
calcium  carbide  In  air  light  containers; 

(C)  Be  issued  for  a garage  at  an  annual 
fee  of  310,  and  may  authorize — 

fa)  The  keeping  of — 

(1)  Automobile*  carrying  volatile  in- 
flammable liquid, 

12)  Volatile  Inflammable  liquid, 

13)  Calcium  carbide; 

fb)  The  sale  of — 

(1)  Volatile  inflammable  liquid  for  fill- 
ing the  tanks  of  automobiles  by  trans- 
ferring such  liquid  from  the  underground 
storage  tanks  Into  the  tanks  of  automo- 
biles on  the  premise*  of  the  garage, 

(2)  Calcium  carbide; 

(7)  Be  Issued  for  a private  garage  a' 
an  annual  fee  nf  $2  and— 

1st  May  authorize  the  keeping  of 

(1)  Automobiles  carrying  volatile  in- 
fiafnmable  liquid,  provided  that,  all  stub 
vehicle*  are  used  for  the  licensee'*  indi- 
vidual use,  and  are  neither  rented  out 
nor  used  to  earry  passengers  for  hire. 

12)  Volatile  inflammable  liquid  for  use 
' In  such  automobiles. 


(3)  Calcium  carbide  for  use  In  such  au- 
tomobiles. 

(b)  Shall  not  authorize  the  sale  of— 

(1)  Volatile  inflammable  liquid. 

(2)  Calcium  carbide. 

Section  Y.  Safety  Can*. 

Approved  safety  cans  for  storing  vola- 
tile inflammable  liquid  in  a garage  shall 
be  of  a capacity  of  five  gallons  or  less, 
and  when  not  in  use  shall  sit  in  drip 
pans,  either  in  a pump  house  or  in  an 
approved  closet: 

(a)  Portable  Ailing  tanks  for  transport- 
ing volatile  inflammable  liquids  from  tha 
storage  tank  to  the  automobile  may  bs 
used  under  the  following  conditions: 

fl)  Application  must  be  made  to  the 
fire  commissioner  for  a special  permit 
in  the  case  of  each  tank  to  be  used. 

(2)  The  tank  must  be  kept  only  in  th# 
pump  house  or  in  a storage  closet  of  ap- 
proved construction  when  not  in  use. 

(3)  The  construction  of  the  tank  and 
its  carraige  must  conform  to  the  follow- 
ing specifications  and  must  otherwlsa 
meet  (he  approval  of  the  fire  commis- 
sioner. 

(4)  Specifications — The  tank  shall.  If 
cylindrical,  have  concave  heads,  body  of 
i.i-inch  mild  steel,  the  heads  of  the  same 
material.  3-16-inch  thick;  if  rectangular 
the  tanks  shall  be  made  of  3-16-lnch  mild 
steel  throughout.  All  joints  shall  b* 
riveted  and  caulked  and  all  pipe  connec- 
tions shall  be  reinforced.  The  capacity  of 
the  lank  shall  not  exceed  50  gallons.  Tit# 
tank  shall  be  carried  on  a strong  iron 
frame,  firmly  attached  to  It  and  provided 
with  rubber-tired  wheels.  The  tank  shall 
be  discharged  by  pumping  and  not  by  air 
pressure,  and  the  outlet  shall  be  free 
from  leakage  when  the  pump  Is  not  work- 
ing. No  hose  attached  to  the  lank  shall 
he  more  than  eight,  feet;  in  lenglh.  All 
hose  connections  shall  ba  Keystone  brass 
unions. 

Safely  rnn  close!*. 

Sec.  8.  Closets  for  storing  garage  safety 
cans  shall — 

(1)  Not  be  larger  than  required  for  the 

purpose ; 

(2)  Be  lined  Inside  and  covered  outside 
with  sheet  tin  applied  with  lock  Joints 
and  blind  nailed: 

(3)  Be  ventilated  to  the  outer  air; 

(4)  Be  in  an  unexposed  location. 

Delivery  of  volatile  I n fln  ni  nia  III* 
llqnid. 

See.  9.  The  delivery  of  volatile  Inflam- 
mable liquid  to  a garage  shall  be  mad* 
In  daylight  only  and  shall  be  made — 

fl)  Itt  barrels  or  safety  cans,  or — 

(2)  From  a barrel-wagon. 

Delivery  In  barrel*  or  *nfely  ran*. 

See.  It).  The  barrels  or  safety  cans  id 
which  volatile  Inflammable  liquid  Is  de- 
livered to  a garage  shall  linmr.i  |y 
be — 

(1)  Placed  •Sc**^*1d*  tuiak*  »(  fillin' 
pipe; 


84 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


(2)  Emptied  into  tank  by  means  ot  a 
jump  or  siphon,  and— 

(3)  Removed  from  the  premises  forth- 
with. 

Delivery  from  barrel  wagons. 

Sec.  11.  Barrel  wagons  delivering  vola- 
tile inflammable  liquid  to  a garage — 

(1)  Shall  be  provided  with  a metallic 
hose  and  an  automatic  shut  off  valve  at 
hose  coupling  to  barrels  on  wagon; 

(2)  Shall  not  enter  the  building; 

(3)  Shall  couple  hose  to  filling  pipe 
connection  outside  of  building. 

Storage  tanks. 

Sec.  12.  Storage  tanks  shall — 

(1)  Not  be  installed  until  application 
with  plans  and  specifications  showing 
full  details  of  location  and  construction 
of  tank  and  ali  connections,  has  been 
approved  by  the  Fire  Commissioner; 

(2)  Not  be  placed — 

(а)  Under  a sidewalk  or  in  a sidewalk 
area  unless  it  shall  be  shown  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the  Fire  Commissioner 
that  there  are  physical  conditions  that 
make  if,  impracticable  to  install  it.  else- 
where; nor — 

(b)  Inside  any  building  that  is  more 
than  one  story  high,  or  that  has  a cellar 
or  a basement; 

(3)  Not  have  a capacity  in  excess  of 
two  hundred  and  seventy-five  gallons; 

(4)  Be  made  of  iron  or  steel  at  least 
three-eighths  of  an  inch  in  thickness: 

(51  Be  coated  on  the  outside  with  tar 
or  other  rust  resisting  material; 

(б)  Have  all  joints  tightly  caulked; 

(7)  Be  tested  by  hydrostatic  pressure, 
one  hundred  lbs.  to  the  square  inch; 

(8)  Have  all  pipe  connections  at  the 
top; 

(9)  Be  buried  at  least  two  feet  imder 
ground,  and  in  addition  to  being  two 
feet  under  ground, 

(a)  Tanks  that  are  to  be  filled  by  a 
pipe  from  the  street  shall  be  buried  at 
least  two  feet  lower  than  the  grade  of 
the  street, 

(b)  Tanks  that  are  within  ten  feet  of 
sny  building  shall — if  practicable — be 
buried  two  feet  lower  than  the  level  of 
the  lowest  cellar  floor  in  any  such  build- 
ing; 

(10)  Be  embedded  In  twelve  Inches  of 
Portland  cement  concrete  well  tamped 
In  place,  and — 

(a)  Should  there  he  more  than  one 
tank,  they  shall  be  separated  by  at  least 
twelve  inches  or  such  concrete,  and— 

(b)  Should  a tank  be  within  ten  feet 
of  the  building  and  not  be  buried  at  least 
two  feet  lower  than  the  level  of  the  low- 
est cellar  floor  of  such  building,  it  shall 
be  embedded  and  surrounded  by  Portland 
cement  concrete  twelve  inches  in  thick- 
ness to  top  of  tank; 

(11)  Be  provided  with  a filling  pipe,  a 
vent  pipe,  and  (if  not  more  than  thirty 
feet  from  all  buildings)  a drawing  off 
pipe; 

(12)  Be  provided  with  an  improved 
pump  or  with  an  approved  pressure  ap- 
paratus for  drawing  off  contents: 

(13)  Not  to  be  placed  so  that  the  top 
of  tank  shall  be  below  the  drawing  off 
point. 

Vent  pipe. 

Sec.  13.  The  vent  pipe  shall  be— 

U)  Made  of  one  inch  or  larger  wrought 
Iron  pipe,  with — 

(a)  Heavy  cast  iron  fittings, 

(b)  Screw  joints  made  with  litharge 
and  glycerine; 

(2)  Connected  with  top  of  storage 
tank; 

(3)  Provided  with  a screen  of  thirty 
mesh  brass  wire  at  or  near  the  tank 
connection; 

(4)  Carried  up  to  the  outer  air,  be  well 
braced  in  position,  and — 

(a)  Either  capped  with  a double  goose 
neck  with  openings— 

(1)  At  least  ten  feet  higher  than  roof 
of  garage, 

(2)  More  than  twenty  feet  from  all 
windows  in  higher  adjacent  buildings, 
and— 

(3)  Covered  with  a brass  wire  screen 
of  one-sixieentb  inch  mesh; 


(b)  Or  closed  by  a shut  off  cock  so  ar- 
ranged that  the  filling  pipe  cannot  be 
opened  without  opening  the  vent,  and  the 
opening  to  the  shut  off  cock  shall  be — 

(1)  Directly  over  storage  tank, 

(2)  More  than  thirty  feet  from  all 
buildings, 

(3)  Covered  by  a screen  of  thirty  mesh 
brass  wire, 

(4)  Closed  by  a screw  cap  when  not  in 
use,  and — 

(5)  Enclosed  in  a metal  box,  with  a 
cover  that  is  flush  with  the  surface  of  the 
ground  and  is  kept  locked  when  not  in 
use. 

Filling'  pipe. 

Sec.  14.  The  filling  pipe  shall  be — 

(1)  Made  of  two  inch  or  larger  wrought 
iron  pipe,  with — 

(a)  Heavy  cast  iron  fittings,  and — 

(b)  Screw  joints  made  with  litharge 
and  glycerine; 

(2)  provided  with  screens  of  thirty 
mesh  brass  wire, 

(a)  One  at  or  near  the  tank  connec- 
tion, and — 

(b)  One  just  below  the  filling  cock,  or 
valve; 

(3)  Closed  at  the  intake  by  a filling 
cock  or  valve,  the  opening  of  which  shall 
be  closed  by  a screw  cap  when  not  in 
use; 

(4)  Connected  with  top  (or  with  valve 
connecting  therewith)  and  extend  down  to 
the  bottom  of  storage  tank; 

(5)  Laid  at  a uniform  grade  so  that  it 
will  drain  empty  in  the  tank; 

(8)  Carried  up  and  terminate  with  the 
intake  and  filling  cock  or  valve  in — 

(a)  The  pump  house,  or — 

(b)  A metal  box  with  a cover  that  is 
flush  with  the  surface  of  the  ground,  is 
kept  locked  when  not  in  use,  and  is  more 
than  thirty  feet  from  all  buildings;  or — 

(7)  Carried  up  and  out  of  the  building 
and  terminate  in  a covered  box  of  heavy 
iron  sunken  at  the  curb  flush  with  the 
sidewalk,  kept  locked  when  not  in  use, 
and  in  this  case  the  shut  off  valve  shall 
be  provided  with  a coupling  for  attaching 
the  hose  of  a barrel-wagon,  and  shall 
only  be  used  for  receiving  volatile  in- 
flammable liquid  from  barrel-wagons. 

Pninps. 

Sec.  15.  Pumps  for  delivering  volatile 
Inflammable  liquid  shall— 

(1)  If  within  thirty  feet  of  any  build- 
ing, be  located  in  a fireproof  pump  house; 

(2)  Have  a shut  off  valve,  with  ground 
key,  on  the  nozzle; 

(3)  Have  a check  valve  between  pump 
and  nozzle; 

(4)  Have  screw  stuffing  box  for  pump 
rod; 

(5)  Have  stuffing  box  for  pump  rod 
higher  than  outlet  of  pump. 

Pomp  liOQBM  shall  not  be  placed  In 
certain  locations. 

Sec.  16.  No  pump  bouse  containing  an 
intake  or  filling  cock  or,  valve  for  storage 
tanks  shall  be  placed— 

(1)  In  a building  more  than  one  story 
high; 

(2)  In  a building  that  has  a cellar  or 
basement; 

(3)  In  the  cellar  or  the  basement  of  any 
building; 

(4)  In  an  area  between  a building  and 
a sidewalk; 

(5)  Under  a sidewalk;  or — 

(6)  Within  the  stoop  line. 

Pnmp  house. 

Sec.  17.  The  pump  house  shall  have— 

(1)  No  greater  capacity  than  required 
for— 

(a)  Handling  the  volatile  inflammable 
liquid,  and — 

(b)  Storing  the  safety  cans; 

(2)  A cement  floor  and  in  case  a said 
pump  house  contains  an  intake  or  filling 
cock  or  valve  for  storage  tanks,  said 
floor  must  be  at  least  six  Inches  lower 
than  the  door  sill,  but  not  more  than 
twelve  inches  below  the  grade  of  the 
ground  where  located; 

3.  Heavy  galvanized  irCD  drip  pans— 


(a)  One  to  be  kept  under  nozzle  of 
pump,  and 

(b)  If  the  pump  contains  an  Intake  or 
filling  cock  or  valve  for  storage  tanks, 
one  to  cover  entire  floor  of  pump  house. 

(4)  If  within  thirty  feet  of  a building- 

fa)  Brick  walls  at  least  twelve  Inches 

thick, 

(b)  A brick  roof  at  least  eight  Inches 
thick  covered  with  Portland  Cement  mor- 
tar, and — 

(c)  Either — 

(1)  An  approved  brick  ventilating  flue, 
or — 

(2)  An  approved  galvanized  iron  venti- 
lating pipe, 

(d)  No  opening  through  the  walls  or 
roof,  except  a doorway  closed  by  an  ap- 
proved fire  door,  but — 

(5)  If  not  within  thirty  feet  of  any 
building,  a pump  house  may  be— 

(a)  Built  of  metal, 

(b)  Ventilated  by  four  metal  louvered 
openings  twelve  by  twelve  inches,  two  at 
the  floor  and  two  at  the  roof  on  opposite 
sides  of  the  building. 

BrlcU  ■ventilating;  lines. 

Sec.  18.  A brick  ventilating  flue  shall  be 
used  where  the  pump  house  is  located  in- 
side another  building  and  shall — 

(1)  Be  built  in  the  wall  opposite  the 
door; 

(2)  Be  lined  with  tile  pipe,  eight  by 
eight  inches  inside  measure; 

(3)  Extend  from  the  floor  up  to  and 
through  roof  of  the  pump  house  to  at 
least  four  feet  higher  than  roof  of  the 
garage; 

(4)  Be  capped  with  an  eight  inch  or 
larger,  eighteen  gauge  galvanized  iron 
double  goose  neck,  with  openings  remote 
at  least  ten  feet  from  windows  of  higher 
adjacent  buildings; 

(5)  Have  an  opening — 

(a)  At  the  floor,  six  by  eight  inches. 

(b)  At  the  ceiling,  at  least  four  by  six 
'nches, 

(c)  At  each  end  of  the  double  goose 
neck  the  full  size  of  the  pipe;  and— 

(6)  Have  all  openings  protected  by 
wire  brass  screens  not  coarser  than  one- 
eighth  mesh. 

Y'entllatlngr  pipe. 

Section  19.  Ventilating  pipe— 

A ventilating  pipe  shall— 

(1)  Be  made  of  galvanized  iron  of  not 
less  than  18  gauge. 

(2)  Be  not  less  than  S inches  in  diame- 
ter. 

(3)  Extend  from  3 inches  above  the 
floor  up  to  and  through  the  roof  of  pump 
house  to  4 feet  higher  than  roof  of  gar- 
age. 

(4)  Be  capped  by  an  8-inch  or  larger  18 
gauge  galvanized  iron  double  goose  neck, 
with  openings  remote  at  least  10  feet 
from  windows  of  higher  adjacent  build- 
ings. 

(5)  Have  an  opening- 

fa)  Three  inches  above  the  floor,  the 
full  size  of  pipe. 

(b)  At  the  ceiling,  at  least  4 by  S 

Inches. 

(0)  At  each  end  of  the  double  goose 
neck,  the  full  size  of  pipe;  and— 

(6)  Have  all  openings  protected  by  wire 
brass  screens  not  coarser  than  one- 
eighth  Inch  mesh. 

Prosnrt  eyatem. 

Sec.  20.  Pressure  systems  for  deliver- 
ing volatile  inflammable  liquid  from 
storage  tanks  :hall — 

(1)  Be  so  arranged  that  the  gasoline 
will  return  through  .ipes  by  gravity  to 
the  storage  tank  when  system  Is 
drained; 

(2)  Be  connected,  in  a manner  that  will 
prevent  the  s tiling  of  the  volatile  In- 
flammable liquid,  to  a drawing  off  cock 

or  cocks  situate — 

(a)  At  a permanent  filling  station,  or — 

(b)  In  a pump  house. 

Filling  Station. 

Sec.  21.  Filling  stations  shall  be  lo- 
cated at  least  twenty  feet  distant  from 
the  entrance  to  the  garage,  shall  have 
a tight,  unpierced  i ueut  or  other  ap- 


RULES  OF  THE  MUNICIPAL  EXPLOSIVES  COMMISSION 


85 


proved  fireproof  Boor,  graded  to  a cen- 
ter, and  unconnected  with  the  sewer  or 
drainage  system  of  -he  building.  The 
floor  shall  be  kept  free  from  volatile 
inflammable  liquid  by  sponging  or  swab- 
bing. The  room  shall  be  kept  free  of  In- 
flammable vapors  either  by  natural  or 
by  forced  ventilation. 

Fire,  light*,  etc. 

Sec.  22.  No  stove,  forge,  torch,  boiler  or 
other  furnace,  flame,  fire  or  fire  heat,  no 
electric  dynamo,  motor,  hoist  or  other  ex- 
terior sparking  electric  appliance,  and  no 
artificial  light  (except  the  incandescent 
electric  light)  shall  be  used  or  allowed — 

(1)  In  a garage,  or — 

(2)  In  any  portion  of  a building  on  or 
below  the  topmost  floor  of  the  garage 
that  is  not — 

(a)  Provided  with  an  entrance  on  the 
outside  of  the  building,  and — 

(b)  Separated  from  the  garage  by  un- 
pierced. approved  firewalls  and  floors. 

Provided,  however,  that  upon  applica- 
tion being  made  the  fire  commissioner 
may,  in  his  discretion,  modify  the  pro- 
visions of  the  section  relative  to  electric 
motors  and  electric  switches  in  any  fire- 
proof building  already  erected  or  that 
may  be  hereafter  erected. 

Fire  and  lights  on  automobiles. 

Sec.  23.  All  fire  and  lights  on  an  automo- 
bile, or  under  the  boiler  of  an  automo- 
bile, shall  be  extinguished  before  bringing 
the  same  into  a garage,  and  shall  not  be 
lit  while  the  same  is  in  the  garage. 
Movable  electric  lights  and  switches 

Sec.  24.  Movable  incandescent  electric 
lights  in  a garage,  and  Bhall  be  fitted 
with  keyless  sockets;  all  electric  switches 
and  plugs  shall  be  permanently  located  at 
least  four  feet  above  the  floor. 

Smoking  Prohibited. 

Sec.  25.  Smoking  is  absolutely  prohib- 
ited ' . » • "nrr.(«sioner  in  any  room 


! or  place  in  which  a volatile  inflammable 
j liquid  is  kept,  or  in  any  room  or  hall 
; opening  into  such  room  or  place.  A no- 
tice in  large  letters,  “No  smoking”  shall 
be  displayed  in  a conspicuous  place  and 
manner  on  all  floors  and  at  all  entrances 
to  the  garage,  and  in  all  rooms  and  halls 
opening  into  the  room  or  place  in  which 
a volatile  inflammable  liquid  is  kept  or  in 
which  an  automobile  carrying  a volatile 
inflammable  liquid  is  kept. 

Handling  and  use  of  volatile  inflam- 
mable lipuids. 

Sec.  26.  No  volatile  inflammable  liquid 
I shall  be — ‘ 

(1)  Vsed  in  a garage  for  cleaning  or  for 
any  other  purpose  whatsoever  other  than 
filling  the  tanks  of  automobiles. 

(2)  Allowed  to  run  upon  the  floor  or  to 
fall  or  pass  into  the  drainage  system  of 
the  garage. 

(3)  Put  into  or  removed  from  the  tank 
of  an  automobile  while  any  light  or  fire 
on  the  same  is  burning. 

(4)  Carried  or  kept  in  open  vessels. 

(5)  All  volatile  inflammable  liquids  and 
oils  recovered  from  the  oil  traps,  or  by 
swabbing  or  sponging  up  spilled  liquid 
shall  be  placed  in  an  approved  safety 
can  of  not  over  five  gallons  capacity.  And 
all  quantities  in  excess  of  live  gallons 
shall  be  returned  to  the  underground 
storage  tank  or  removed  from  the  prem- 

j ises  forthwith. 

Sand  to  be  kept  on  the  premises. 

Bee.  27.  Sand  shall  be  kept— 

(1)  In  approved  fire  buckets,  for  fire  ex- 
tinguishing purposes  only. 

(2)  In  convenient  receptacles,  for  use  in 
absorbing  waste  oil  on  floors. 

(3)  In  bed  or  metal  drip  pans  under 
each  automobile  kept  on  floors  that  are 

j not  fireproof. 

Waste  can*. 

Sec.  28.  Self-closing  metal  cans  set  firm- 
ly on  four-inch  legs  shall  be  kept  on  all 


floors  for  the  purpose  of  holding  all  In- 
flammable waste  material. 

Calcium  carbide. 

Sec.  29.  Calcium  carbide  shall  be  in  air 
tight  metal  packages,  which  packages 
shall  be  kept  at  least  six  inches  above 
the  floor  in  a water  tight  container  pro- 
vided with  a securely  fastened  cover. 

Weekly  reports  of  deliveries  of  vola- 
tile 1 n lluuimn b le  liquid  required. 

Sec.  30.  Every  licensed  vendor  of  vo- 
latile inflammable  by  products  of  petrol- 
eum shall  render  to  the  fire  commissioner 
each  week  a statement,  verified  as  to  its 
correctness  by  an  affidavit,  covering  de- 
liveries for  the  week  to  points  within  the 
city.  The  report  shall  include  all  de- 
liveries of  such  liquid  in  quantities  of 
five  gallons  or  more;  and  shall  be  in  de- 
tail as  follows: 

(a)  Date  of  delivery: 

(b)  Name  of  buyer; 

(c)  Point  of  delivery: 

(d)  Number  of  gallons,  name,  and  grav- 
ity of  liquid. 

Such  statement  shall  be  on  form  pro- 
vided by  the  fire  commissioner,  and  must 
be  delivered  by  mail  or  messenger  not 
later  than  the  second  business  day  in 
each  week.  . 

Sec.  31.  It  is  hereby  provided  that  the 
fire  commissioner,  in  his  discretion,  may 
excuse  any  garage  now  constructed  from 
a literal  compliance  with  these  rules. 

Sec.  32.  For  private  garages,  where  no 
inflammable  liquid  is  kept  other  than  m 
the  tanks  of  the  automobiles,  and  where 
the  fuel  tanks  of  the  automobiles  are 
neither  opened,  emptied  nor  filled  on  the 
premises,  the  fire  commissioner  may,  in 
his  discretion,  issue  permits  limited  to 
such  keeping  of  automobiles,  subject  to 
such  requirements  as  i ’ i it. 


Rules  of  the  I'.v  icipal  Explosives  Commission  in 


Regard  to  Blasting. 


PART  II. 

Til  IMPORTATION,  SALE.  STOR  AGE 

AM)  l SE  OF  Gl  M'OWDEIl,  NITRO- 
ULY  (ERIN  E,  I)Y.U>IITE  A.\D 
OTHEIt  EYIM.OS1VES, 

CHAPTER  I. 

LICENSES,  BONUS  4 N L)  CERTIFI- 
CATES OF  FITNESS. 
Licenses. 

Section  I.  Any  manufacturer  or  vendor 
of  any  explosive  used  lor  olasling,  as  a 
propelling  charge,  or  for  the  manuiacture 
of  fireworks  or  detonators,  beiore  keep- 
ing on  band,  aellmg  or  giving  away,  or 
transporting  or  delivering  sued  explosive* 
within  the  city,  shall  apply  to  anu  obtain 
from  the  Flic  Commissioner,  under  the 
regulations  as  hereinafter  prescribed,  a 
license  authorising  the  bringing  in  and 
delivery  of  such  explosives  under  such 
terms,  conditions,  and  penalties  as  may 
from  lime  to  time  be  prescribed  by  ’he 
Municipal  Explosives  Commission.  Fur 
such  a license  tbe  applicant  shell  pay  a 
fee  of  twenty-flve  dollars,  or  such  older 
sum  as  may  be  hereafter  fixed. 

Bee.  2.  All  contractors  and  others  now- 
engaged  In  or  proposing  hereafter  to  en- 
gage In  any  blasting  operations  shall 
make  application  In  writing,  upon  blank 
forms  to  be  furnished  by  the  Fire  De- 
partment. to  the  Fire  Commissioner  for 
a license  to  keep  and  use  explosives,  giv- 
ing name,  location  of  office  or  place  of 
bualness.  the  nature  and  the  site  of  the 
work  to  be  performed,  the  Intended  lo- 
cation of  the  magazine  or  magazines,  and 
the  quantity  and  kind  of  explosives  to  be 
kept  therein. 

Bee.  3.  lipon  compliance  by  the  applicant 
with  all  the  provisions  of  the  law  and  the 
regulations  prescribed  by  the  municipal 
explosives  commissioner,  the  tire  comn.o 
slon»r,  upon  the  payment  of  a fee  of 
thirty  dollars  for  each  magazine  of  the 


first  class,  twenty  dollars  for  each  maga- 
zine of  the  second  class,  and  ten  dollars 
for  each  magazine  of  the  third  class,  will 
issue  a license  to  such  applicant. 

Bonds. 

Sec.  4.  Previous  to  the  Issue  of  licenses 
as  herein  prescribed  applicants  shall  fur- 
nish and  file  with  the  fire  commissioner 
a bond,  approved  by  the  comptroller,  con- 
ditioned for  the  payment  of  any  loss, 
damage  or  Injury  resulting  to  persons  or 
property  by  reason  of  the  use.  sale  or 
keeping  of  such  explosives,  and  for  the 
strict  observance  of  the  Charter  and  or- 
dinances of  The  City  of  New  York  and 
of  these  regulations.  Said  bonds  shall  be 
In  amounts  as  follows,  viz.: 

(a)  For  manufacturers,  agents  and  all 
others  who  desire  to  bring  to  or  sell  in 
the  City  explosives  as  designated  in  Sec- 
tion 763  of  the  Charter  as  amended  and 
changed  by  ordinance,  a bond  in  the  penal 
sum  of  $5,000,  and  in  caso  of  delivery 
being  by  wagons  an  additional  sun)  of 
$5,000  for  each  and  every  wagon  in  ex- 
cess of  ono  wagon  engaged  within  the 
City  in  the  delivery  of  said  explosives  as 
provided  herein. 

(b)  For  ail  coDlractors  or  others  now 
engaged  In  or  purposing  hereafter  to  en- 
gage In  any  blasting  operations,  a bond 
In  one  of  the  following  classes  shall  be 
required : 

First— For  the  right  to  use  or  hare  on 
hand  In  any  one  day  explosives  not  ex- 
I reeding  50  pounds,  a bond  In  the  sura  of 
$5,000. 

Second— For  the  right  to  use  or  have  on 
hand  in  any  one  day  explosives  not  ex- 
ceeding 100  pounds,  a bond  for  not  less 
I than  $5,000  nor  more  than  $10,000. 

Third— For  the  right  to  use  or  have  on 
hand  In  any  one  day  explosives  not  ex- 
ceeding 260  pounds,  a bond  for  not  less 
than  $5,000  nor  more  than  $15,000. 

Fourth- For  the  right  to  use  or  have 


■ on  hand  in  any  one  day  explosives  not 
exceeding  500  pounds,  a bond  for  not  less 
Ilian  $5,000  nor  more  than  $20,000. 

Fifth— For  the  right  to  use  or  have  on 
hand  in  any  one  day  explosives  exceeding 
500  pounds,  a bond  for  not  less  c nan  $5,000 
nor  more  than  $25,000. 

In  accordance  with  the  foregoing,  per- 
mits may  be  granted  by  the  fire  commis- 
sioner for  the  right  to  use  or  have  on 
hand  in  any  one  day  more  than  60  pounds 
1 of  explosives  when  the  work  requires  it. 

; In  a place  or  places  where  an  explosion 
will  not  put  In  Jeopardy  a number  of  live* 
or  a cons-derable  amount  of  property, 
upon  a bond  of  $5,000  being  furnished; 
when  explosives  arc  required  to  be  used 
I in  a place  or  places  where  an  accident 
would  be  likely  to  Injure  a number  of 
people  or  seriously  damage  property,  no 
permit  shall  be  issued  Iherefc-r  until  ap- 
j plication  shall  have  been  referred  to  the 
Municipal  Explosives  Commissioner  for 
the  determinal  Ion  of  the  amount  of  bond 
which  shall  be  required.  For  the  fivinar 
of  said  bonds  in  excess  of  $5,000,  It  shuil 
require  In  each  case  a unanimous  veto  of 
the  members  of  the  Municipal  Explosives 
| Commission  present. 

Certlflcnle  of  fitness. 

Sec.  5.  Before  any  operation  shall  begin 
under  a license  for  Ihe  transportation  or 
for  the  use  of  explosives  in  blasting  us 
herein  provided,  the  applicant  shall  des- 
ignate In  writing  the  name  or  names  of 
the  person  or  persons  whom  he  has  desig- 
nated to  load  holes  nr  dlscdscn,.  explo- 
sives, to  prepare  charges  and  load  me 
holes  to  transport  by  wagon  or  other- 
wise, or  to  have  the  rare  of  magazines 
as  herein  provided,  ami  all  such  persons 
before  being  permitted  to  exercise  any 
of  such  functions  shall  make  an  applica- 
tion in  writing  to  the  tire  commissioner 
for  a certificate  of  fitness,  and,  before  the 
i>i>  inn  .f  tli  min',  Hhall  be  examined 


86 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  L'AWS  ’AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


and  found  to  possess  the  qualifications 
hereinafter  specified  iu  order  that  they 
may  properly  fill  such  positions  under  the 
regulations  prescribed  by  the  Municipal 
Explosives  Commission.  And  no  person 
• hall  be  permitted  to  have  the  actual 
care  and  handling  of  such  explosives 
without  having  first  obtained  a certificate 
of  fitness  as  herein  provided.  Certificates 
of  fitness  shall  be  subject  to  inspection 
at  all  times.  For  the  issuance  or  renewal 
of  any  such  certificate  an  annual  fee  of 
$5  shall  be  collected  by  the  fire  com- 
missioner. 

To  receive  a certificate  of  fitness  the 
person  must: 

(a)  Be  at  least  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

(b)  Be  able  to  read  the  English  lan- 
guage understandingly  (provided,  how  - 
over,  that  if  an  applicant  has  held  a cer- 
tificate of  fitness  for  at  least  two  years 
with  a creditable  record,  he  may  be  ex- 
empted from  the  above  requirements  as 
to  reading). 

(c)  Be  of  good  habits. 

(d)  Have  letter  of  recommendation 
from  last  two  employers  if  he  has  not 
been  in  the  service  of  his  last  employer 
for  at  least  three  years,  in  which  case  a 
letter  testifying  to  good  character  and 
capacity  from  last  employer  shall  be 
satisfactory. 

(e)  Be  familiar  with  the  provisions  of 
the  law  and  the  regulations  governing 
the  transportation,  storage  and  use  of  ex- 
plosives, particularly  that  part  relating 
to  the  service  to  be  performed  by  the  ap- 
plicant. 

(f)  Be  familiar  with  the  risks  incident 
to  the  service  to  be  performed  by  him, 
and  capable  of  taking  all  necessary  pre- 
cautions. 

Nothing  herein  contained  shall  prevent 
a licensee  from  applying  for  and  obtain- 
ing a certificate  of  fitness.  The  actual 
work  done  must  at  all  times  be  conducted 
by  a person  holding  a certificate  of  fit- 
ness. 

CHAPTER  II. 

Inspection. 

Sec.  6.  A system  of  exact  and  frequent 
Inspection  shall  be  made  as  provided  by 
Bection  seven  hundred  and  seventy-one 
of  the  Greater  New  York  Charter,  and 
the  Fire  Commissioner  shall  cause  the 
premises  and  work  of  all  licensees  to  be 
Inspected  at  frequent  and  irregular  in- 
tervals. Said  inspection  shall  include 
detailed  and  exact  examinations  of  the 
manner  in  which  licensees  are  complying 
with  the  requirements  of  the  regulations 
and  whether  all  due  and  reasonable  pre- 
cautions to  avoid  accidents  are  being 
taken,  and  shall  include  a verification 
that  ’all  employes  who  are  performing 
work  for  which  a certificate  of  fitness  is 
required  are  in  possession  of  same.  The 
inspectors  shall  make  a report  in  writ- 
ing to  the  Fire  Commissioner  at  the  close 
of  each  day’s  inspection,  stating  condi- 
tions observed  in  the  case  of  each  li- 
censee, and  these  reports  shall  be  kept 
on  file’.  In  case  any  inspector  discovers 
a serious  menace  to  life,  limb,  or  prop- 
erty, on  the  part  of  any  licensee  or  any 
of  his  employes,  he  shall  at  once  notify 
the  Fire  Commissioner,  by  telephone  or 
otherwise,  who  will  thereupon  take  such 
steps  to  correct  the  immediate  danger  as 
his  judgment  shall  dictate,  and  for  the 
infliction  of  appropriate  penalties  as 
provided  herein. 

ch:  pter  hi. 

Trans  port  n*  Ion. 

Sec.  7.  Pure  nitroglycerine  or  nitrogly- 
cerine in  any  form  of  solution  other  than 
the  official  United  States  Pharmacopoeia 
solution  shall  not  be  transported  through 
the  city. 

Sec.  8.  Guncotton  used  in  the  arts,  in 
amount  not  exceeding  ten  pounds  dry 
weight,  and  containing  at  least  an  equal 
weight  of  water,  may  be  transported  in 
charge  of  a duly  certified  employe  of  a 
licensee. 

Sec.  9.  No  explosives  shall  be  transport- 
ed by  wagon  through  the  streets  of  the 
city  unless  said  wagon  is  in  charge  of  a 
competent  person  holding  a certificate  of 


fitness,  which  certificate  shall  he  open  to 
inspection  by  any  officer  of  the  fire  or 
police  departments.  Said  certificates  of 
fitness  shall  be  issued  only  to  employes 
of  corporations,  firms  or  persons  duly  li- 
censed by  the  Fire  Commissioner  to 
transport  or  sell  explosives  in  the  city. 

See.  10.  A wagon  used  for  transporta- 
tion of  explosives  shall  be  in  good  condi- 
tion for  service. 

Sec.  11.  A wagon  used  for  transporta- 
tion of  explosives  after  May  1,  1903,  shall 
comply  with  the  following  specifications: 

11  jail  have  (a)  Springs. 

( wooden  top  extending  over  bed, 

on  d on  both  sides  and  back. 

An  additional  floor,  laid  lengthwise, 
o.  sound  material,  not  exceeding  three 
inches  wide,  tongued  and  grooved,  planed 
cmooth  and  fair  and  blind  nailed. 

Sec.  12.  No  metal  tools  or  other  pieces 
of  metal  shall  be  carried  within  the 
wagon. 

Sec.  13.  No  exploders  or  others  combus- 
tible material  shall  be  transported  in  the 
same  vehicle  with  explosives. 

Sec.  14.  Not  more  than  one  thousand 
pounds  of  explosives  shall  be  transported 
at  any  one  time  on  a wagon  through  the 
streets  of  the  city. 

Sec.  16.  A wagon  carrying  blasting  ex- 
plosives shall  be  in  charge  of  at  lease  iwo 
men,  each  with  a.  certificate  of  fitness. 

As  long  as  the  horse  or  horses  are  at- 
tached to  said  wagon,  one  man  must  be 
constantly  in  charge  of  said  horse  or 
horses. 

The  wagon  is  not  ot  he  left  unat- 
tended while  It  contains  explosives, 
whether  a horse  or  horses  be  attacned 
thereto  or  not. 

Sec.  15.  A wagon  carrying  explosives 
shall  be  drawn  by  a horse  or  horses 
amply  able  to  draw  the  load  and  avoid 
stoppages  other  than  to  load  and  unload, 
and  no  unnecessary  stops  or  stands  shall 
be  made. 

Sec.  17.  A wagon  carrying  blasting  ex- 
plosives shall  be  painted  red  and  have 
painted  on  it  in  easily  legible  white  let- 
ters, at  least  6 inches  high,  the  world, 
“Dynamite,”  and  the  owner's  name  ou 
the  sides  and  back,  and  in  case  of  a 
licensee  having  more  than  one  wagon 
these  shall  be  lettered  in  like  manDer. 
“Wagon  No.  1”  or  “Wagon  No.  2,”  etc. 

All  wagons  carrying  blasting  explosives 
shall  display  a red  flag  with  the  word 
danger  in  white  letters,  printed,  stamped 
or  sewn  thereon.  This  flag  shall  be  at 
least  18  inches  bv  30  inches  in  size  and 
shall  be  displayed  on  the  front  end  of 
said  wagon  and  at  such  height  that  it  will 
be  visible  from  all  directions. 

This  regulation  shall  be  effective  and 
enforced  at  the  expiration  of  thirty  days 
after  it  is  approved  by  the  Mayor. 

Sec.  IS.  A wagon  carrying  explosives 
shall  avoid,  whenevei  possible,  those 
streets  on  which  there  is  a large  number 
of  persons. 

See.  19.  The  presence  or  interference 
of  unauthorized  persons  during  loading, 
unloading,  or  transportation  shall  not  be 
allowed. 

Sec.  20.  Carelessness  or  recklessness 
in  conducting,  or  during  loading  or  un- 
loading of.  a vehicle  carrying  explosives 
shall  not  be  permitted. 

Sec.  21.  No  intoxicated  person  shall  be 
permitted  on  r.  vehicle  carrying  explo- 
sives. 

Sec.  22.  Smoking  within  ten  feet  of  a 
wagon  loaded  with  explosives  shall  not 
be  permitted. 

Sec.  23.  Explosives  transported  through 
the  city  shall  be  packed  as  follows: 

(a)  Dynamite  or  other  blasting  com- 
pounds containing  liquids  which  may  ex- 
ude— iu  strong  wooden  cases  lined  with 
a liquid-proof  paper  lining  sufficient  to 
prevent  liquid  from  going  through  the 
sides  or  bottom.  Said  cases  shall  be  c.f 
two  sizes,  to  contaiu  50  pounds  or  25 
pounds  of  explosives  respectively.  The 
25-pound  cases  must  be  used  in  supply  ■ 
ing  all  magazines  of  the  third  class.  ThB 
50-pound  cases  may  be  used  in  supply- 
ing magazines  of  the  first  aud  second 
i lasses. 

(bi  Other  blasting  compounds  not  con- 
taining substances  subject  to  deleterious 


influences  by  exposure  to  moisture — in 
strong  wooden  cases  of  two  sizes,  to  con- 
tain 50  pounds  or  25  pounds  of  explosive* 
respectively.  The  25-pound  cases  must 
be  used  in  supplying  magazines  of  the 
third  class.  The  50-pound  cases  may  be 
used  in  supplying  magazine*  of  the  first 
and  second  classes. 

(c)  Black  Blasting  Powder — In  sound 
wooden,  fiber  or  metal  kegs  containing  not 
more  than  twenty-five  pounds. 

(d)  Black  and  Smokeless  Sporting  Pow- 
der— in  sound  wooden,  fiber  or  metal  kegs 
or  canisters  containing  not  more  than 
twenty-five  pounds  each. 

(e)  Military  Smokeless  Powder — iu 
sound  wooden  or  metal  packages  contain- 
ing not  more  than  one  hundred  and  twen- 
ty-five pounds. 

Sec.  24.  Each  package  containing  ex- 
plosives must  have  the  name  and  brand 
of  the  manufacturer,  and  if  packed  in  a 
wooden  case  must  be  marked  on  sides 
“EXPLOSIVE,  DANGEROUS.” 

Sec.  25.  No  explosive  shall  be  trans- 
ported through  the  streets  of  the  City  un- 
less bearing  a brand  duly  registered  at 
the  Fire  Department.  The  licensee  must 
record  at  said  Department, 

(a)  The  name  of  the  Manufacturer. 

(b)  Kind  of  explosive;  and  in  the  cas* 
of  high  explosives  such  as  dynamite,  such 
a statement  of  the  strength  of  the  explo- 
sive as  may  be  required  by  the  Commis- 
sion. 

(c)  Purpose  to  be  used  for. 

Sec.  26.  Every  licensed  vender  of  ex- 
plosives such  as  are  used  for  excavating 
purposes  shall  render  to  the  fire  commis- 
sioner each  day  a written  report  of  the 
deliveries  of  the  previous  day  for  use 
within  the  city,  and  in  detail  as  follows; 

(a)  Date  of  delivery. 

(b)  Name  of  buyer. 

(c)  Point  of  delivery. 

(d)  Number  of  pounds,  and  a,  r i bar* 
aeter.  kind  and  strength  of  expia.  :ve. 

Said  reports  shall  be  mailed  by  10  A..U 
the  following  business  day. 

Sec.  27.  No  explosives  shall  be  landed 
at  the  piers  or  elsewhere  in  the  City  or 
transferred  to  a vessel  lying  at.  a pier 
unless  the  explosives  contained  iu  the 
vessel  making  delivery  are  in  charge  of 
a duly  certified  employe  of  a person, 
firm  or  corporation  licensed  to  transport 
or  sell  explosives  within  the  city  limits. 
No  explosives  shall  be  landed  at  the  cry 
piers  unless  for  immediate  loading  into 
wagons  for  distribution  to  consumers  for 
use  within  twenty-four  hours  and  for 
which  orders  have  been  previously  re- 
ceived. or  for  immediaie  transportation 
by  railway  to  points  beyond  the  ciiy 
limits. 

Sec.  2S.  Explosives  intended  for  trans- 
portation by  rail  shall  only  be  landed  at 
railroad  piers,  from  whence  they  shall  be 
hauled  directly  beyond  the  city  limits: 
aud  explosives  received  at  railway  sta- 
tions within  the  city  limits  shall  be 
promptly  discharged  aud  removed  to  such 
storage  as  these  regulations  prescribe. 
Every  railroad  car  containing  explosives 
within  the  city  limits  must  be  marked  by 
signs  securely  attached  to  the  sides  of 
t lie  car  parallel  with  the  tracks,  with 
the  words  “EXPLOSIVES,  DANGEROUS” 
in  red  letters  at  least  twelve  inches  high 
on  a white  background. 

Sec.  29.  Explosives  not  exceeding  five 
thousand  pounds  for  shipment  by  vessel 
io  ports  outside  of  the  city  may  be  loaded 
from  one  vested  ro  another  when  lying  at 
the  city  piers;  provided,  however,  black 
powder  or  exploders  shall  not  be  trans- 
ferred at  the  same  time  with  high  explo- 
sives or  from  the  same  boat  or  lighter; 
amounts  in  excess  of  five  thousand  pounds 
shall  only  be  put  on  board  a vessel  wheu 
it  is  more  than  1,000  feet  from  the  city 
pier  line. 

Sec.  30.  Vessels  of  licensees  approach- 
ing the  city  piers  shall  uot  tarry  ex- 
ploders at  the  same  time  with  explosives. 

Sec.  31.  Vessels  of  licensees  approach- 
ing the  city  piers,  with  explosives  on 
board  shall,  when  possible,  have  It 
stowed  ou  deck  and  covered  by  a tar- 
paulin. 

Sec.  32.  No  persons  except  employes  of 
a licensee  or  others  duly  authorized,  iu- 


RULES  OF  THE  MUNICIPAL  EXPLOSIVES  COMMISSION.  V 


eluding  the  necessaiy  crew,  shall  be  al- 
lowed on  boats  transporting  or  landing 
explosives  within  the  city  limits. 

Sec.  33.  No  smoking  shall  be  allowed 
on  vessels  of  licensees. 

Sec.  34.  No  intoxicated  person  shall  be 
allowed  on  vessels  of  licensees. 

Sec.  35.  No  matches  except  safety 
matches  shall  be  allowed  on  ve'sels  of 
licensees. 

Sec.  36.  A printed  copy  of  the  regula- 
tions governing  transportation  within  the 
city  shall  be  posted  in  a conspicuous 
place  on  or  in  every  vessel  and  wagon 
owned  or  used  by  a licensee  for  delivery 
of  explosives. 

CHAPTER  IV. 

CARE  or  EXFLOSIAES. 

Magailnei. 

Sec.  37.  Every  person  now  connected 
with,  as  principal,  or  purposing  hereafter 
to  be  connected  with  any  blasting  opera- 
tions, shall,  as  hereinbefore  set  forth, 
make  an  application  to  the  fire  commis- 
sioner for  a permit  to  keep  and  use  ex- 
plosives, giving  at  the  time,  in  writing, 
name  of  licensee,  location  of  office  or 
place  of  business,  occupation,  proposed 
location  of  the  magazine  or  magazines, 
together  with  plans  and  descriptions  and 
construction  of  such  magazine  or  maga- 
zines the  quantity  and  kind  of  explosives 
purposed  to  be  kept  therein,  and  the 
names  of  employes  who  should  have  cer- 
tificates of  fitness. 

Sec.  38.  Magazines  for  the  storage  of 
explosives  within  the  city  shall  be  of 
three  classes,  as  follows: 

(a)  Magazines  of  the  first  class  are 
those  which  are  capable  of  containing  ex- 
plosives to  the  extent  of  more  than  one 
hundred  pounds. 

(b)  Magazines  of  the  second  class  are 
those  which  are  capable  of  containing  less 
than  one  hundred  pounds,  and  more  than 
twenty-five  pounds. 

fc)  Magazines  of  the  third  class  are 
those  which  are  capable  of  containing  not 
more  than  twenty-five  pounds. 

Sec.  3».  Magazines  of  the  first  class  shall 
he  constructed  similar  to  the  standard 
design  for  magazines  of  the  first  class  on 
file  in  the  office  of  the  fire  commissioner, 
or  shall  be  of  such  form  and  material  as 
may  be  approved  by  the  fire  commission- 
er; one  set  of  said  plans  to  be  filed  with 
said  fire  commissioner.  Said  plans,  how- 
ever. must  conform  to  the  specifications 
of  these  regulations.  Magazines  of  the 
first  class  must  be  covered  on  the  out- 
side  with  fireproof  material  and  be  lined 
with  wood,  and  heated,  if  necessary,  with 
a hot  water  heater  only,  the  source  of 
heat  for  which  shall  be  separate  and  dis- 
tinct from  the  magazine  and  located  at 
least  ten  feet  therefrom.  Such  magazine 
shall  consist  of  two  compartments.  In 
one  of  which  shall  be  located  the  radia- 
tor. The  other  compartment  shall  be  ar- 
ranged with  shelves  or  drawers  for  the 
reception  of  explosives  and  not  capable 
of  being  euter-d.  and  shall  be  lighted 
from  the  outside  only.  The  heating  com- 
partment shall  be  separated  from  the 
storage  compartment  and  capable  of  be- 
ing entered,  but  so  arranged  that  no  ac- 
cess shall  be  had  to  the  shelves  or  draw- 
ers from  the  heating  compartment. 

Sec.  40.  Magazines  of  the  second  class 
shall  be  covered  on  the  outside  with  fire- 
proof material  and  on  the  Inside  with 
wood,  and  may  be  heated  by  a hot  water 
heater  similar  to  magazines  of  the  first 
class,  or  be  so  arranged  as  to  admit  of 
being  covered  with  fresh  manure.  Maga- 
zines of  the  second  class  shall  not  exceed 
five  feet  In  any  exterior  dimension  nor 
have  an  interior  capacity  of  more  than 
sixty  cubic  feet  of  space. 

Sec.  41.  Magazines  of  the  third  class 
■hall  consist  of  a stout  wooden  box,  cov- 
ered with  sheet  iron,  the  Interior  capacity 
of  which  shall  not  exceed  eight  cubic  feet, 
the  contents  of  which  may  he  kept  from 
freezing  by  burying  tho  magazine  in 
manure;  or  magazines  of  the  third  i lass 
may  include  a hot  water  thawing  appara- 
tus, consisting  of  a water-tight  vessel  in- 
closed In  a receptacle  of  wood  to  be  filled 


with  hot  water,  the  source  of  heat  to  he 
from  an  exterior  point. 

Sec.  43.  All  nails  in  the  interior  of  mag- 
azine shall  be  countersunk  and  the  wood 
lining  so  arranged  that  no  metal  shail  be 
exposed.  Magazines  shall  be  kept  clean 
and  free  from  grit,  and  before  any  repairs 
or  alterations  are  made  to  any  part  there- 
of, all  explosives  shall  be  carefully  re- 
moved and  the  magazine  thoroughly 
washed  out;  all  tools  and  implements 
used  in  making  such  repairs  and  altera- 
tions shall  be  of  wood,  copper,  brass  or 
other  soft  metal  or  material.  In  no  case 
shall  nails  or  screws  be  driven  into  a 
magazine  or  material  that  has  once 
formed  part  of  a magazine,  and  all  wood 
structural  parts  of  a magazine  shall,  if 
discarded,  be  immediately  burned  in  a 
safe  place.  Magazines  shall  at  all  times 
be  in  the  care  of  a competent  employe, 
whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  see  that  no  un- 
authorized person  has  access  to  them, 
and  If  heating  apparatus  is  used  that  the 
magazine  and  heating  house  are  safe  and 
undisturbed.  Said  employe  shall  have  no 
other  duty  that  will  interfere  with  his 
j careful  supervision  of  said  magazine  and 
shall  have  a certificate  of  fitness  as  a 
magazine  keeper. 

Sec.  43.  The  Fire  Commissioner  may 
require  a magazine  of  the  first  class  in 
any  location  where  the  public  interest 
may  seem,  in  his  discretion,  to  demand  it. 

Sec.  44.  All  magazines  shall  be  painted 
bright  red,  with  the  words  “MAGAZINE, 
DANGER,”  painted  conspicuously  thereon 
in  white  letters  on  a black  ground;  such 
letters  shall  be  at  least  six  inches  high 
on  magazines  of  the  first  and  second  class, 
and  three  inches  high  on  magazines  of  the 
third  class.  The  location  of  every  maga- 
zine of  the  first  and  second  classes  shall 
be  approved  in  writing  by  the  Fire  Com- 
missioner; a copy  of  said  permit  being 
filed  with  the  Commissioner,  and  another 
copy  being  attached  to  the  magazine. 

Sec.  45.  Magazines  of  the  third  class 
shall  be  located  at  least  twenty  feet  from 
the  nearest  building,  or  if  at  a nearer 
point  such  location  must  have  the  specific 
approval  of  the  Fire  Commissioner. 

Sec.  46.  Magazines  shall  contain  only 
the  amount  of  explosives  named  in  the 
permit,  and  the  placing  therein  of  any 
other  explosive,  caps,  exploders,  or  deton- 
ators, candles,  matches,  tools,  cotton 
waste,  or  any  article  liable  to  cause  ex- 
plosion or  fire,  or  any  iron,  steel,  or  grit, 
is  absolutely  forbidden. 

Sec.  47.  Permits  shall  he  issued  for  the 
storage  only  of  the  nearest  multiple  ot 
twenty-five  pounds  above  the  actual 
amount  to  be  used  during  the  twenty-four 
hours  next  ensuing. 

Sec.  48.  It  is  to  be  understood  that  a 
danger  area  exists  on  each  side  of  every 
magazine  in  proportion  to  the  quantity 
of  explosive  contained  therein,  and  it 
shall  be  the  duty  of  the  watchman  to 
keep  a suitable  space  clear  in  its  vicinity 
free  from  the  storage  of  any  material, 
and  prevent  the  loitering  thereiu  ot  any 
person. 

Sec.  49.  It  shall  he  the  duty  of  inspec- 
tors to  see  that  each  magazine  of  the 
third  class  Is  located  as  safely  as  possi- 
ble, and  that  as  large  a free  space  area 
be  maintained  as  circumstances  will  per- 
mit, but  in  no  case  less  than  three  feet. 

Sec.  60.  Only  persons  who  hold  certifi- 
cate of  fitness,  or  other  authorized  per- 
sons, shall  be  permitted  to  have  access 
to  the  magazine,  which  shall  be  kept  se- 
curely locked  when  not  open  for  the  In- 
troduction or  removal  of  explosive  or  to 
Inspection  by  duly  authorized  officers  of 
the  city. 

Sec.  61.  On  the  Inside  of  the  door  or 
cover  of  every  magazine  there  shall  he 
posted  a notice,  the  blank  form  therefor 
to  bo  furnished  by  the  lira  department, 
in  such  a position  as  will  expose  It  to 
full  view  when  the  magazine  is  open,  and 
eontalnlng  tliu  following  Information  and 
Instructions: 

(a)  Class  of  the  magazine. 

(b)  Number  of  the  permit  and  name  of 
licensee. 

(c)  Numbers  of  the  eertlficates  of  em- 

ployes licensed  to  hav«  access  to  this 
m. 'gazin'-  are 


No  persons  except  those  designated  by 
the  numbers  of  certificates  above  named 
shall  have  access  to  this  magazine. 

(d)  The  only  material  to  be  stored  la 

this  magazine  shall  be  the  explosive 
known  as  or  some  explosive  pos- 

sessing similar  characteristics. 

(e)  If  explosives  are  frozen  they  must 
be  thawed  only  by  approved  hot  water 
heater  or  fresh  manure. 

(f)  Caps  and  detonators  shall  not  be 
brought  within  twenty  feet  of  this  maga- 
zine. 

(g)  Cartridges  to  be  capped  shall  be  re- 
moved from  this  magazine  to  a distance 
of  at  least  twenty  feet,  and  after  being 
capped  shall  not  be  returned  to  this  mag- 
azine. 

(h)  This  magazine  shall  at  all  times  be 
kept  clean  and  free  from  paper,  rubbish, 
empty  packages,  etc. 

Sec.  52.  In  the  keening  of  explosives 
from  freezing  or  in  thawing  of  the  same 
when  frozen,  only  one  of  two  methods 
shall  be  permitted;  first,  by  some  form  of 
hot  water  heater  where  it  is  impossible 
for  the  maximum  degree  of  heat  to  exceed 
the  temperature  of  boiling  water;  or, 
second,  the  burying,  in  manure,  of  the 
receptacles  containing  explosives.  All 
other  methods  are  absolutely  forbidden, 
except  after  specific  approval  in  each 
case  by  tho  municipal  explosives  commis- 
sion. 

Sec.  53.  Caps,  detonators,  or  other  sim- 
ilar explosives  of  a high  order  shall  not 
be  brought  within  twenty  feet  of  the 
magazine,  and  each  licensee  must  provide 
a proper  receptacle  for  said  caps  and  de- 
tonators. 

Sec.  54.  Magazines  shall  at  all  times 
be  kept  clean  and  free  from  paper,  rub- 
bish, empty  packages,  etc. 

CHAPTER  V. 

BLASTING. 

Sec.  55.  No  person,  other  than  a holder 
of  certificate  of  fitness  as  described  under 
section  5,  Chapter  I,  Part  II  of  these  regu- 
lations, shall  direct  any  blasting  opera- 
tion or  handle  explosives. 

Sec.  56.  Cartridges  while  being  capped 
shall  be  removed  from  the  magazine  to 
a distance,  if  possible,  of  fifty  feet,  but 
In  no  event  less  than  twenty  feet,  and 
after  being  capped  shall  not  he  returned 
to  the  magazine.  If  required  to  be  kept 
from  freezing  they  shall  be  kept  In  a 
special  magazine  of  the  third  class  in  as 
small  amount  as  possible.  Cartridges 
shall  be  capped  only  as  required  for  the 
work  and  for  immediate  use. 

Sec.  67.  Frozen  or  partly  frozen  ex- 
plosives shall  not  be  placed  in  drill  holes. 
Frozen  cartridges,  if  not  capped,  must 
be  returned  to  the  original  magazine  to 
be  thawed.  All  primed  cartridges  left 
over  after  drill  holes  are  charged  shall 
have  the  primers  at  once  removed,  fol- 
lowing which  Hie  cartridges  are  to  he 
returned  at  once  to  the  magazine  aud 
the  primers  to  their  usual  place  of 
storage.  H necessary  to  remove  the  cap 
or  detonator  from  any  cartridge,  care 
must  be  exercised  in  so  doing. 

Sec.  68.  In  tamping  drill  holes  wooden 
rammers  only  shall  be  used.  Tamping  by 
stroke  is  forbidden,  and  only  direct  ap- 
plication of  pressure  permitted.  Only  one 
primer  shall  he  used  in  a drill  hole,  and 
great  care  shall  be  exercised  in  plac- 
ing it.  and  while  tamping  .*v.eve  and 
around  It. 

Sec.  68b.  inn. I*  Ualely  after  loading  the 
holes  they  mu  be  well  tamped  and  suf- 
ficient covering  placcU  thereof  in  one 
continuous  uninterrupted  operation.  *'*■' 
mediately  that  the  covering  is  in  place* 
the  flag  man  shall  he  sent,  out  and  rue 
blast  shall  he  fired  Immediately  after  the 
bystanders  hove  been  removed  to  u suf- 
ficient distance. 

Sec.  68c.  After  the  blasl  Is  fired  no 
drilling  shall  tako  place  nor  loading 
of  holes  there  or  non'-  by  until  the  sur 
t.i  e and  face  and  all  exposed  norMoni 

of  rock  where  the  blast  was  fired  luve 
been  uncovered,  the  debris  removed  and 
a ih  r "gb  I.  end  examination  made 


68 


BUILDING  AND  HEALTH  LAWS  AFFECTING  THE  CITY  OF  NEW  YORK. 


by  the  certified  blaster  who  fired  the 
blast  for  unexploded  charges. 

Sec.  59.  In  the  event  of  the  charge  not 
exploding  it  is  forbidden  to  remove  the 
tamping;  if  the  charge  cannot  be  ex- 
ploded by  firing  a strong  primer  on  ton 
of  it  a new  hole  shall  be  drilled  not 
nearer  than  twelve  inches  from  the  first 
one  and  another  charge  put  in  the  second 
hole  and  fired.  (In  such  a case  only  one 
hole  shall  be  loaded  and  fired  near  the 
unexploded  charge  and  the  unexploded 
and  new  charge  shall  both  be  thoroughly 
and  effectively  covered.)  In  the  case  of 
an  explosion  not  carrying  away  the  en- 
tire drill  hole,  but  leaving  the  lower  part 
intact,  it  is  forbidden  to  begin  drilling 
from  the  bottom  of  the  old  drill  holes, 
as  portions  of  the  former  charge  may  re- 
main and  explode  when  exposed  to  the 
blows  of  the  drill. 

Sec.  60.  In  order  to  insure  the  safety 
Of  surrounding  property  and  persons,  no 
larger  charge  shall  be  used  than  is  ne- 
cessary to  properly  start  the  rock,  and 
rock  excavating  contiguous  to  any  struc- 
ture shall  be  so  carried  on  as  not  to  cause 
damage  to  such  structure.  To  this  end, 
weak  walls,  or  other  supports  of  such 
atructure  must  be  shored  up.  and  rotten 
or  decomposed  rock  must  be  removed  by 
the  use  of  gads,  picks  and  crowbars  only. 
When  blasting  next  to  such  structure  is 
unavoidable,  light  face  blasts  only,  with 
short  lines  of  resistance  and  small 
charges,  shall  be  used. 

Sec.  61.  The  quantity  of  explosives  to 
be  used  shall  not  exceed,  in  disruptive 
force,  the  equivalent  of  one  pound  in 
weight  of  50  per  cent,  dynamite  for  each 
four  feet  depth  of  hole  that  is  above,  or 
less  than  ten  feet  below  the  curb;  and  the 
equivalent  of  one  pound  in  weight  of  60 
per  cent,  dynamite  for  each  four  feet 
depth  of  hole  that  is  more  than  ten  feet 
below  the  curb.  Any  question  arisifig  un- 
der this  section  will  be  determined  by  the 
Municipal  Explosives  Commission  on  ap- 
plication. 

Sec.  62.  Before  firing  any  blasts  except- 
ing those  mentioned  in  Paragraph  (a)  of 
this  section,  and  except  where  the  blasts 
are  in  tunnel  and  distant  from  the  face 
or  portal  more  than  one  hundred  feet,  the 
rock  to  be  blasted  shall  be  covered  on 
the  top  and  sides  with  stout  woven  mal- 
ting of  rope  at  least  one  and  one-ha'f 
Inches  in  diameter.  This  matting  then 
shall  be  covered  top  and  sides  with  at 
least  twelve  timbers,  each  ten  feel  long 
and  ten  inches  in  smallest  diameter,  the 
timbers  held  secure’  bv  chains  or  by 
iron  or  steel  cables  three-fourths  inch  in 
diameter.  If  tin  is  used  to  prevent  debris 
from  flying  it  must  be  placed  on  top  of 
the  required  matting  and  timbers. 

(a)  In  blasts  for  ditch  work,  block 
holes,  manholes,  pole  holes,  electric  or 
telegraphic  wire  subways,  sewer  and  gas 
connections,  gas  and  water  mains,  the  in- 
spector #iall  specify  the  amount  of  ex- 
plosives Ho  be  used  and  the  number  of 
logs  and  area  of  matting,  and  the  con- 
tractor shall  strictly  observe  the  direc- 
tions of  the  inspector. 

Sec.  63.  Red  flags,  in  the  hands  of 
competent  men,  shall  be  placed  at  reason- 
able distances  from  the  blasts  on  all 
sides,  to  give  proper  warning  at  least 
three  minutes  in  advance. 

Sec.  64.  The  careful  handling  of  all 
•xplosives,  whether  frozen  or  not  frozen 


is  ordered.  Warming  and  thawing  ex- 
plosives by  placing  same  near  fire,  against 
steam  pipes,  or  in  water  are  exceedingly 
dangerous  and  are  therefore  prohibited. 

Sec.  65.  Magazines  must  be  kept  dry 
and  all  moisfiure  kept  away  from  the  ex- 
plosives.* 

CHAPTER  VI. 

SALE  AND  STORAGE  OF  EXPLOSIVES 

Sec.  66.  No  dynamite  or  other  high  ex- 
plosives such  as  are  used  in  blasting 
| operations  other  than  as  prescribed  under 
the  p.ovisions  of  Chapter  IV  oi  Part  II  of 
these  regulations,  shall  be  stored  within 
the  city,  excepting  on  magazine  boats 
used  solely  for  the  storage  of  high  *x- 
plosives  and  anchored  at  points  desig- 
nated by  the  United  States  Government 
as  “Powder  Anchorages.-’  The  maximum 
amount  of  high  explosives  to  be  stored 
on  one  magazine  boat  shall  be  thirty  tons. 

Sec.  67.  Black  and  smokeless  powder, 
excepting  as  hereinafter  provided  for  in 
the  case  of  manufacturers,  retail  dealers 
and  fireworks  manufacturers,  shall  only 
be  stored  on  magazine  boats  at  regular 
anchorages  and  on  these  boats  there  shall 
be  no  exploders  or  high  explosives.  The 
maximum  amount  allowed  on  said  boats 
shall  be  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  tons. 

Sec.  68.  Manufacturers  of  black  and 
smokeless  powder  licensed  to  sell  within 
the  city  shall,  when  authorized  to  do  so 
I by  a permit  issued  under  the  authority  of 
I the  Pile  Commissioner  indicating  street 
j number  and  room,  be  permitted  to  have 
i on  hand  samples  not  exceeding  ten  pounds 
I in  weight. 

Sec.  69.  - Retail  dealers,  duly  licensed, 
shall  be  permitted  to  carry  on  hand  of 
smokeless  or  black  powder,  or  both, 
not  exceeding  fourteen  pounds,  to  be 
stored  in  a receptacle  which  can 
be  flooded  from  the  exterior  of  the 
building,  a permit  to  be  issued 

under  the  authority  of  the  Fire 
Commissioner  showing  building  and 
location  of  room  if  stored  elsewhere  than 
in  the  store  or  under  the  sidewalk.  Or  in 
a light  metal  receptacle  properly  locked 
and  on  wheels  plainly  marked  “Powder,” 
and  located  not  more  than  ten  feet  from 
and  immediately  in  front  of  the  en- 
i trance  from  the  street,  which  receptacle 
shall  at  all  times  be  kept  locked  except 
| when  actually  necessary  to  obtain  access 
| to  its  contents.  On  the  front  of  each 
| of  such  establishments,  not  more  than 
seven  feet  above  the  sidewalk,  shall  be 
displayed  a s gn  not  less  than  eighteen 
inches  long  and  ten  inches  high,  to  be 
approved  by  the  Fire  Commissioner, 
worded  “Licensed  to  Sell  Gunpowder.” 

Sec.  70.  The  annual  charge  for  a retail 
license  to  sell  black  and  smokeless  powder 
such  as  is  used  as  a propelling  charge 
shall  be  ten  dollars. 

See.  71.  No  permit  will  be  Issued  for  such 
sales  to  be  made  at  any  building  or 
premises  where  cigars  or  cigarettes  are 
kept  for  sale;  where  paints,  oils  or  var- 
nishes are  manufactured  or  kept,  either 

•Note— Nitroglycerine  Is  very  sensitive  at  a 
temperature  exceeding  300  degrees  Fahrenheit, 
and  at  350  degrees  is  liable  to  explode  spon- 
taneously. Nitroglycerine  compounds  are  sen- 
sitive to  moisture,  and  the  ordinary  absorbent 
bases  have  a tendency  to  absorb  moisture,  by 
\v"’V?h  absorption  there  is  displaced  an  equlva- 
| lent  amount  of  nitroglycerine;  hence  the  spe- 
| cific  prohibition  of  the  most  dangerous  methods 
I of  thawing. 


I 

for  use  or  for  sale;  in  which  any  car- 
penter shop  or  drug  store  is  located; 
where  the  sale  of  kerosene  or  other  pro- 
duct of  petroleum  has  been  permitted,  or 
where  fireworks  of  any  kind,  petroleum  or 
any  of  Its  products,  coal  oil,  camphene, 
burning  fluid  or  other  products  or  com- 
pounds containing  any  of  said  substances, 
matches,  tar,  pitch,  rosin  or  turpentine, 
hay,  cotton  or  hemp,  are  manufactured, 
stored  or  kept  for  sale. 

Sec.  72.  No  permit  will  be  issued  for 
such  sales  in  any  frame  or  wooden  build- 
j ing  within  the  fire-limits  as  established 
in  the  city. 

Sec.  73.  No  other  permit  shall  be  Issued 
for  such  sales  in  premises  within  a 
radius  of  fifty  feet  of  the  premises 
covered  by  an  existing  permit.  Where 
j tw’o  or  more  applications  are  presented 
j for  one  block,  preference  will  be  given  to 
the  one  which,  in  the  opinion  of  the  Fire 
Commissioner,  is  least  objectionable. 

Sec.  74.  All  premises  for  which  such  per- 
mits are  issued  must  be  lighted  with  gas 
or  electricity,  and  all  lights  must  be  pro- 
tected with  glass  or  wire  coverings. 

Sec.  75.  The  person  or  persons  to  whom 
such  permit  is  issued  must  sign  an  agree- 
ment not  to  permit  smoking,  nor  the  use 
of  any  substance  or  agency  for  illumina- 
ting purposes  except  gas  and  electricity 
1 upon  or  about  the  premises  where  such 
: sales  are  licensed,  nor  to  expose  any  of 
1 the  said  explosives  for  sale  outside  the 
walls  of  said  building,  nor  in  any  door  or 
! window,  and  that  any  violation  of  such  an 
j agreement  shall  operate  as  a forfeiture 
of  said  permit. 

Sec.  76.  In  case  of  the  storage  of 
amounts  in  excess  of  limits  Imposed  by 
permit,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Firs 
Commissioner  to  revoke  the  offending  li- 
| censee's  license  and  no  new  license  shall 
i be  issued  to  said  party  within  three 
| years. 

i Sec.  77.  The  Fire  Commissioner  shall 
i have  authority  to  revoke  any  license  to 
I sell  at  retail  should  he  deem  it  to  the 
I public  Interest  to  do  so. 

Sec.  78.  The  sale  * of  black  sporting 
j powder,  excepting  to  military  organiza- 
tions. licensed  individuals,  or  firms  en- 
I gaged  in  shell  loading,  licensed  manu- 
facturers of  fireworks,  owners  of  vessels 
for  saluting  purposes  or  for  shipment  be- 
yond the  limits  of  the  city,  is  prohibited. 


SALE  OF  FIREWORKS. 

The  Municipal  Explosives  Commission, 
at  its  meeting  held  Thursday,  May  19, 
1910,  unanimously  adopted  the  following 
resolution ; 

Resolved,  That  the  following  be  substi- 
tuted for  section  43,  chapter  4,  Part  5, 
page  72  of  the  present  Laws,  Ordinances 
and  Regulations  Governing  the  Manufac- 
ture, Storage,  Sale  and  Use  of  Explosives 
and  Combustible  Material  in  The  City  of 
New  York; 

No  permit  shall  be  issued  by  the  Fire 
Commissioner  for  the  sale  of  fireworks 
at  retail  in  any  building  which  Is  wholly 
or  in  part  occupied  or  used  as  a dwelling 
or  tenement  house,  or  in  any  store  or 
building  which  is  not  equipped  with  an 
approved  system  of  automatic  sprinklers. 

Approved  bv  the  Mayor,  May  20,  1910. 

R.  WALDO. 

Fire  Commissioner,  and  Chairman  Mu* 
i nicipal  Explosives  Commission. 


